[llvm-debuginfo-analyzer] 04 - Locations and ranges

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

Summary

LLVM debug information visual analyzer

For more information, see the RFC https://discourse.llvm.org/t/llvm-dev-rfc-llvm-dva-debug-information-visual-analyzer/62570

Patches:
01 - Interval Tree
02 - Driver and Documentation
03 - Logical Elements
04 - Locations and Ranges
05 - Select Elements
06 - Warning and Internal Options
07 - Compare Elements
08 - ELF Reader
09 - CodeView Reader
10 - Smart Pointers

This is a high level summary of the changes in this patch.

Locations and ranges

• All functionality for logical debug locations and ranges: LVLocation, LVRanges.

[psamolysov]

Good job! Here is a series of comments, please have a look.

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.h

43

Either the class should be marked as final or the destructor should be virtual.

84

129

Should this and a couple of const methods below return non-const pointers?

164–169

Either virtual or override is enough.

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.h

26

The class should be marked as final or have a virtual destructor (or protected destructor if you have no intent to access the derived from LVRangeEntry classes by pointers to the basic class).

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.h

122

This cast of a const pointer to a non-const, so casting away constness may cause undefined behavior if you write/change something in the non-const function member. If you don't (it's not clear now because not all the involved functions are implemented yet), it could make sense to move the actual implementation of the function member into the const version and cast this to const (or use it as is, I believe it should compile too).

Also I saw this pattern a few times in the previous patch: https://reviews.llvm.org/D125778

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.cpp

324

Is there any enum in the dwarf namespace which is equals to zero? If not it could make sense to use a named constant instead of magic number 0.

623

625

628

There is not check that Locations is not empty.

646

There is no check that Locations is not null.

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.cpp

28

I'm not sure who will be the owner of the heap-allocated Scope and who will delete it. Maybe a comment is required.

37

This check is not required, if RageEntries is empty, the loop below will just do no iterations.

75

This should create a RangeEntry in place.

78

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.cpp

136–137

These two lines should be swapped.

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSort.cpp

59

I'm not sure these wrapping () are required.

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSymbol.cpp

173

This method looks like it can be marked as const if you have no plan to add a call to calculateCoverage() or to another method that changes the object.

llvm/unittests/DebugInfo/LogicalView/LocationRangesTest.cpp

95

There is an overload of the operator== for two StringRefs, so there is no needs in EXPECT_STREQ, moreover the data() method of StringRef doesn't guarantee that the returned string will be null terminated.

[psamolysov]

llvm/unittests/DebugInfo/LogicalView/LocationRangesTest.cpp

59

A std::bad_alloc will be thrown if the test is out of memory. It makes sense to wrap the line in the try-catch block or use the non-throwing overload of the new operator.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.h

43

Marked as final.

84

Good simplification. Changed.

129

The getLowerLine and getUpperLine now return a const pointer.

164–169

Removed virtual.

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.h

26

Marked as final.

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.h

122

The implementation of printActiveRanges it is not changed at later patches.

The const version is only required when it is called by other const functions:

void LVScopeNamespace::printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
  ...
  // Print any active ranges.
  if (Full) {
    printActiveRanges(OS, Full);
    ...
  }
}

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.cpp

324

@probinson How do you feel in creating something like dwarf::DW_OP_null similar to the existing dwarf::DW_TAG_null.

623

Added the assertion.

625

Added the assertion. Small correction: !Locations->empty()

628

Added the following checks to cover both cases: null ptr and/or empty.

...
assert(Locations && "Locations must not be nullptr");
// Print the symbol coverage.
if (Locations && !Locations->empty() && options().getAttributeCoverage()) {
..

646

Added the following check:

if (Locations && getReader().doPrintLocation(/*Location=*/nullptr))

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.cpp

28

That is a good finding.

using LVTuple = std::tuple<LVAddress, LVAddress, LVScope *>;
LVTuple getEntry(LVAddress Low, LVAddress High, LVLevel Level) {
  LVScope *Scope = new LVScope();
  Scope->setLevel(Level);
  return std::make_tuple(Low, High, Scope);
}

That code is leftovers. Removed all together.

37

Removed the check.

75

Replaced.

78

Added assertion.

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.cpp

136–137

Done.

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSort.cpp

59

Removed the wrapping ().

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSymbol.cpp

173

Marked the method as const.

llvm/unittests/DebugInfo/LogicalView/LocationRangesTest.cpp

59

Changed to use the non-throwing overload.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

llvm/unittests/DebugInfo/LogicalView/LocationRangesTest.cpp

95

Changed to EXPECT_EQ(Element->getName(), Name);

[probinson]

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.cpp

324

DW_TAG_NULL is meaningful in the sense that a 0 tag indicates no more siblings at this nesting level, in the debug info. But a 0 operator should never appear; are you inserting these yourself for some reason?

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.cpp

324

Thanks for the clear answer on DW_TAG_null.

This is an extract from the llvm-dwarfdump output for an ELF test case:

DW_TAG_member
     DW_AT_name	("name")
     DW_AT_type	("int")
     DW_AT_decl_line	(1858)
     DW_AT_data_member_location	(0x00)

Which llvm-dva converts into

1858           {Member} private 'name' -> 'int'
                 {Location}
                   {Entry} offset 0

The 0 operator corresponds to the DW_AT_data_member_location value.

[probinson]

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.cpp

324

What I'm understanding from this is that when llvm-dva reads the DIE for "name" it finds DW_AT_data_member_location, and encodes that into an LVOperation with Opcode = 0. Then LVOperation::getOperandsDWARFInfo() sees the 0 opcode and knows it means this is a simple offset.
If I am understanding that correctly, then this is something llvm-dva is doing for its own benefit, and should not be considered a DWARF expression opcode of any kind. llvm-dva should define its own constant for this, and really should not use a DW_OP_* spelling for the name.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.cpp

324

Your analysis is correct.

324

@psamolysov, @probinson: based on the previous analysis any suggestions to define a llvm-dva constant to describe the zero as an indication for member-offset?

May be LV_LOCATION_MEMBER_OFFSET

That constant will be used in

// Add a Location Entry.
void LVSymbol::addLocationConstant(dwarf::Attribute Attr, LVUnsigned Constant,
                                   uint64_t LocDescOffset) {
  ...
  // Add records to Location Entry.
  addLocationOperands(/*Opcode=*/LV_LOCATION_MEMBER_OFFSET,
                      /*Operand1=*/Constant, /*Operand2=*/0);
}

std::string LVOperation::getOperandsDWARFInfo() {
  ...
  switch (Opcode) {
  ...
  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Member location.
  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  case LV_LOCATION_MEMBER_OFFSET:
  ...
  }
}

[probinson]

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.cpp

324

I think LLVM style would prefer a CamelCase name, such as LVLocationMemberOffset.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.cpp

324

Thanks for your suggestion. Added the following definition in LVLocation.h

// The DW_AT_data_member_location attribute is a simple member offset.
const LVSmall LVLocationMemberOffset = 0;

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

• Addressed the reviewer’s feedback.
• Tool renamed as: llvm-debuginfo-analyzer.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

Ping.

[probinson]

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.h

49

Can they overlap?

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.h

122

I think I said something about this in a previous patch, that a non-const print function is counter-intuitive. If it can be designed not to need a non-const version, that would be better.

220

Why have both calculateCoverage and CalculateCoverageFactor ? They appear to do the same thing.

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSupport.h

174

updateOperationCode implies modifying something, which this function does not do. getCVOperationCode maybe?

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.cpp

624

This is okay, but when a pointer parameter must not be null, it's better practice to make it a reference parameter instead. Then tests for non-null go away.

627

The if above already checked !Locations->empty() so this assertion is redundant.

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.cpp

27

The same heading is here and below where the entire resulting tree is printed. Maybe these should be different? "Range Tree entries" here, and leave "Ranges Tree" for when the whole tree is printed.

119

This comment does not describe what the method does, from the caller's perspective. Also maybe should be named hasEntry instead of findEntry

132

I see the caller is stable_sort so is there an ordering guarantee for multiple ranges with the same lower bound? If so, where is that documented and enforced?

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.cpp

712

"get" usually implies a method that is returning data of interest, but these are all doing something else.

762

Looks like if Ranges is null, this ends up returning null. So, cheaper to do

if (!Ranges)
  return nullptr;

and then remove the if (Ranges) from inside the while loop.

949

It looks odd to call something named getRanges using local variables that are immediately thrown away. This is essentially the same comment about the names of the get methods I made previously.

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSymbol.cpp

190

203

Same comment as the other place that made this same calculation, in a previous patch.

llvm/unittests/DebugInfo/LogicalView/LocationRangesTest.cpp

59

Use ASSERT_NE so the test will abort if the allocation fails.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

Update patch due to changes in previous patches.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.h

49

As they are recorded using the IntervalTree, they can overlap.
Added to the comment:

// Class to represent a list of range addresses associated with a
// scope; the addresses are stored in ascending order and can overlap.

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.h

220

Removed CalculateCoverageFactor. Left over from some renaming.

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSupport.h

174

Changed to getCodeViewOperationCode.

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.cpp

624

I see your point. Unfortunately Locations is a pointer and can be null.

The caller is already checking for a null pointer.

void LVSymbol::printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
  ...
    if (Locations)
      // Print location information.
      LVLocation::print(Locations, OS, Full);
  ...
}

Change to

void LVSymbol::printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
  ...
  // Print location information.
  LVLocation::print(Locations, OS, Full);
  ...
}

// Print location (formatted version).
void LVLocation::print(LVLocations *Locations, raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) {
  if (!Locations || Locations->empty())
    return;

  // Print the symbol coverage.
  if (options().getAttributeCoverage()) {
    ...
  }

  // Print the symbol location, including the missing entries.
  if (getReader().doPrintLocation(/*Location=*/nullptr))
    ...
}

The assertion is not needed.

627

Removed assertion.

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.cpp

27

Good point. Changed to your suggested heading.

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSymbol.cpp

190

Changed.

203

It solved the issue of differences in the percentage when analyzing the same binary on Windows and Linux. For some cases:

Expect value:
Totals by lexical level:
[001]:        106 (100.00%)
[002]:         71 ( 66.99%)    <---
[003]:         20 ( 18.87%)

Actual value
Totals by lexical level:
[001]:        106 (100.00%)
[002]:         71 ( 66.98%)    <---
[003]:         20 ( 18.87%)

llvm/unittests/DebugInfo/LogicalView/LocationRangesTest.cpp

59

ASSERT_NE can be used only inside functions that don't return a value.

See https://google.github.io/googletest/advanced.html#assertion-placement

The one constraint is that assertions that generate a fatal failure (FAIL* and ASSERT_*) can only be used in void-returning functions.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.cpp

119

Comment changed to:
// True if the range addresses contain the pair [LowerAddress, UpperAddress].

Method renamed as hasEntry.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.h

122

Yes. You mentioned in the previous patch:

Looks like the method shouldn't be declared const. Ordinarily you wouldn't think a print() method would be non-const, but obviously this one is.

Removed the non-const version. Changed printActiveRanges to be const as it does not modify any class members.

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.cpp

132

Very good point. Added code to handle that case:

auto CompareRangeEntry = [](const LVRangeEntry &lhs,
                            const LVRangeEntry &rhs) -> bool {
  if (lhs.lower() < rhs.lower())
    return true;

  // If the lower address is the same, use the upper address value in
  // order to put first the smallest interval.
  if (lhs.lower() == rhs.lower())
    return lhs.upper() < rhs.upper();

  return false;
};

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.cpp

712

It seems that is the same issue as with the getRanges method.

Added explanatory comments in getLocations to describe the functions performed by this method.

// Traverse the symbol location ranges and for each range:
// - Apply the 'ValidLocation' validation criteria.
// - Add any failed range to the 'LocationList'.
// - Calculate location coverage.
void LVScope::getLocations(LVLocations &LocationList,
                           LVValidLocation ValidLocation, bool RecordInvalid) {
  ...
}

762

I think you found an issue with the code.
The Ranges is not updated when we move scopes. We must use the Ranges for the new scope and check if the given Address is contained in the specific set.

LVScope *LVScope::outermostParent(LVAddress Address) {
  LVScope *Parent = this;
  while (Parent) {
    const LVLocations *ParentRanges = Parent->getRanges();
    if (ParentRanges)
      for (const LVLocation *Location : *ParentRanges)
        if (Location->getLowerAddress() <= Address)
          return Parent;
    Parent = Parent->getParentScope();
  }
  return Parent;
}

949

You are correct as the local Locations is immediately thrown away.

What the getRanges method does is:

• traverse the scope ranges
• apply a validation criteria.
• add a failed range to the Locations
• calculate coverage.

It was hard to split getRanges between this patch and the 06-warning-internals patch and avoid big changes.

In summary:
For this patch the only needed functionality in getRanges is to calculate the location coverage. As RecordInvalid = false the getRanges method will not update the local Locations variable.

Added explanatory comments in getRanges and getLocations to describe the functions performed by those methods.

// Traverse the scope ranges and for each range:
// - Apply the 'ValidLocation' validation criteria.
// - Add any failed range to the 'LocationList'.
// - Calculate location coverage.
void LVScope::getRanges(LVLocations &LocationList,
                        LVValidLocation ValidLocation, bool RecordInvalid) {
  ...
}

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.cpp

762

The internal regression suite detected 2 cases where the location coverage changed from:
0.00 -> 19.05 and 0.00 -> 23.53.

[probinson]

Please update to the most recent patch; some changes are not in the review yet.

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.cpp

762

Please make sure the unittest has coverage for this.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

Address points raised by @probinson.

[probinson]

LGTM conditional on a test for LVScope::getRanges change. Detecting the difference in an internal test suite is good, but having something upstream is better.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

In D125779#3827213, @probinson wrote:

LGTM conditional on a test for LVScope::getRanges change. Detecting the difference in an internal test suite is good, but having something upstream is better.

Added test case.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

Updated patch:

• Removes some redundant public: modifiers.
• Add pending unittest requested by @probinson.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

@psamolysov , @probinson Thanks very much for all your valuable reviews.

[CarlosAlbertoEnciso]

The following patch fixed some buildbot sanitizer issues: https://reviews.llvm.org/D136333

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.h

+//===-- LVLocation.h --------------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file defines the LVOperation and LVLocation classes, which are used
+// to describe variable locations.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_DEBUGINFO_LOGICALVIEW_CORE_LVLOCATION_H
+#define LLVM_DEBUGINFO_LOGICALVIEW_CORE_LVLOCATION_H
+
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVObject.h"
+
+namespace llvm {
+namespace logicalview {
+
+// The DW_AT_data_member_location attribute is a simple member offset.
+const LVSmall LVLocationMemberOffset = 0;
+
+class LVOperation final {
+  // To describe an operation:
+  // OpCode
+  // Operands[0]: First operand.
+  // Operands[1]: Second operand.
+  //   OP_bregx, OP_bit_piece, OP_[GNU_]const_type,
+  //   OP_[GNU_]deref_type, OP_[GNU_]entry_value, OP_implicit_value,
+  //   OP_[GNU_]implicit_pointer, OP_[GNU_]regval_type, OP_xderef_type.
+  LVSmall Opcode = 0;
+  uint64_t Operands[2];
+
+public:
+  LVOperation() = delete;
+  LVOperation(LVSmall Opcode, LVUnsigned Operand1, LVUnsigned Operand2)
+      : Opcode(Opcode) {
+    Operands[0] = Operand1;
+    Operands[1] = Operand2;
+  }
+  LVOperation(const LVOperation &) = delete;
+  LVOperation &operator=(const LVOperation &) = delete;
+  ~LVOperation() = default;
+
+  LVSmall getOpcode() const { return Opcode; }
+  uint64_t getOperand1() const { return Operands[0]; }
+  uint64_t getOperand2() const { return Operands[1]; }
+  std::string getOperandsDWARFInfo();
+  std::string getOperandsCodeViewInfo();
+
+  void print(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const;
+
+#if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(LLVM_ENABLE_DUMP)
+  void dump() { print(dbgs()); }
+#endif
+};
+
+class LVLocation : public LVObject {
+  enum class Property {
+    IsAddressRange,
+    IsBaseClassOffset,
+    IsBaseClassStep,
+    IsClassOffset,
+    IsFixedAddress,
+    IsLocationSimple,
+    IsGapEntry,
+    IsOperation,
+    IsOperationList,
+    IsRegister,
+    IsStackOffset,
+    IsDiscardedRange,
+    IsInvalidRange,
+    IsInvalidLower,
+    IsInvalidUpper,
+    IsCallSite,
+    LastEntry
+  };
+  // Typed bitvector with properties for this location.
+  LVProperties<Property> Properties;
+
+  // True if the location it is associated with a debug range.
+  bool hasAssociatedRange() const {
+    return !getIsClassOffset() && !getIsDiscardedRange();
+  }
+
+protected:
+  // Line numbers associated with locations ranges.
+  LVLine *LowerLine = nullptr;
+  LVLine *UpperLine = nullptr;
+
+  // Active range:
+  // LowPC: an offset from an applicable base address, not a PC value.
+  // HighPC: an offset from an applicable base address, or a length.
+  LVAddress LowPC = 0;
+  LVAddress HighPC = 0;
+
+  void setKind();
+
+public:
+  LVLocation() : LVObject() { setIsLocation(); }
+  LVLocation(const LVLocation &) = delete;
+  LVLocation &operator=(const LVLocation &) = delete;
+  virtual ~LVLocation() = default;
+
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsAddressRange);
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsBaseClassOffset);
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsBaseClassStep);
+  PROPERTY_1(Property, IsClassOffset, IsLocationSimple);
+  PROPERTY_1(Property, IsFixedAddress, IsLocationSimple);
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsLocationSimple);
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsGapEntry);
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsOperationList);
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsOperation);
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsRegister);
+  PROPERTY_1(Property, IsStackOffset, IsLocationSimple);
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsDiscardedRange);
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsInvalidRange);
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsInvalidLower);
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsInvalidUpper);
+  PROPERTY(Property, IsCallSite);
+
+  const char *kind() const override;
+  // Mark the locations that have only DW_OP_fbreg as stack offset based.
+  virtual void updateKind() {}
+
+  // Line numbers for locations.
+  const LVLine *getLowerLine() const { return LowerLine; }
+  void setLowerLine(LVLine *Line) { LowerLine = Line; }
+  const LVLine *getUpperLine() const { return UpperLine; }
+  void setUpperLine(LVLine *Line) { UpperLine = Line; }
+
+  // Addresses for locations.
+  LVAddress getLowerAddress() const override { return LowPC; }
+  void setLowerAddress(LVAddress Address) override { LowPC = Address; }
+  LVAddress getUpperAddress() const override { return HighPC; }
+  void setUpperAddress(LVAddress Address) override { HighPC = Address; }
+
+  std::string getIntervalInfo() const;
+
+  bool validateRanges();
+
+  // In order to calculate a symbol coverage (percentage), take the ranges
+  // and obtain the number of units (bytes) covered by those ranges. We can't
+  // use the line numbers, because they can be zero or invalid.
+  // We return:
+  //   false: No locations or multiple locations.
+  //   true: a single location.
+  static bool calculateCoverage(LVLocations *Locations, unsigned &Factor,
+                                float &Percentage);
+
+  virtual void addObject(LVAddress LowPC, LVAddress HighPC,
+                         LVUnsigned SectionOffset, uint64_t LocDescOffset) {}
+  virtual void addObject(LVSmall Opcode, LVUnsigned Operand1,
+                         LVUnsigned Operand2) {}
+
+  static void print(LVLocations *Locations, raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true);
+  void printInterval(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const;
+  void printRaw(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const;
+  virtual void printRawExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const {}
+
+  void print(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const override;
+  void printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const override;
+
+#if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(LLVM_ENABLE_DUMP)
+  void dump() const override { print(dbgs()); }
+#endif
+};
+
+class LVLocationSymbol final : public LVLocation {
+  // Location descriptors for the active range.
+  LVAutoOperations *Entries = nullptr;
+
+  void updateKind() override;
+
+public:
+  LVLocationSymbol() : LVLocation() {}
+  LVLocationSymbol(const LVLocationSymbol &) = delete;
+  LVLocationSymbol &operator=(const LVLocationSymbol &) = delete;
+  ~LVLocationSymbol() { delete Entries; };
+
+  void addObject(LVAddress LowPC, LVAddress HighPC, LVUnsigned SectionOffset,
+                 uint64_t LocDescOffset) override;
+  void addObject(LVSmall Opcode, LVUnsigned Operand1,
+                 LVUnsigned Operand2) override;
+
+  void printRawExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const override;
+  void printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const override;
+};
+
+} // end namespace logicalview
+} // end namespace llvm
+
+#endif // LLVM_DEBUGINFO_LOGICALVIEW_CORE_LVLOCATION_H

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVObject.h

 using LVTypes = SmallVector<LVType *, 8>;
 
 using LVOffsets = SmallVector<LVOffset, 8>;
 
 const LVAddress MaxAddress = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max();
 
 enum class LVBinaryType { NONE, ELF, COFF };
 
+// Validate functions.
+using LVValidLocation = bool (LVLocation::*)();
+
 // Keep counters of objects.
 struct LVCounter {
   unsigned Lines = 0;
   unsigned Scopes = 0;
   unsigned Symbols = 0;
   unsigned Types = 0;
   void reset() {
     Lines = 0;
assert((!Parent.Symbol ||
             (Parent.Symbol && static_cast<LVSymbol *>(Parent.Symbol))) &&
            "Invalid symbol");
     return Parent.Symbol;
   }
   void setParent(LVScope *Scope);
   void setParent(LVSymbol *Symbol);
   void resetParent() { Parent = {nullptr}; }
 
+  virtual LVAddress getLowerAddress() const { return 0; }
+  virtual void setLowerAddress(LVAddress Address) {}
+  virtual LVAddress getUpperAddress() const { return 0; }
+  virtual void setUpperAddress(LVAddress Address) {}
+
   uint32_t getLineNumber() const { return LineNumber; }
   void setLineNumber(uint32_t Number) { LineNumber = Number; }
 
   virtual const char *kind() const { return nullptr; }
 
   std::string indentAsString() const;
   std::string indentAsString(LVLevel Level) const;
 

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.h

+//===-- LVRange.h -----------------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file defines the LVRange class, which is used to describe a debug
+// information range.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_DEBUGINFO_LOGICALVIEW_CORE_LVRANGE_H
+#define LLVM_DEBUGINFO_LOGICALVIEW_CORE_LVRANGE_H
+
+#include "llvm/ADT/IntervalTree.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVObject.h"
+
+namespace llvm {
+namespace logicalview {
+
+using LVAddressRange = std::pair<LVAddress, LVAddress>;
+
+class LVRangeEntry final {
+  LVAddress Lower = 0;
+  LVAddress Upper = 0;
+  LVScope *Scope = nullptr;
+
+public:
+  using RangeType = LVAddress;
+
+  LVRangeEntry() = delete;
+  LVRangeEntry(LVAddress LowerAddress, LVAddress UpperAddress, LVScope *Scope)
+      : Lower(LowerAddress), Upper(UpperAddress), Scope(Scope) {}
+
+  RangeType lower() const { return Lower; }
+  RangeType upper() const { return Upper; }
+  LVAddressRange addressRange() const {
+    return LVAddressRange(lower(), upper());
+  }
+  LVScope *scope() const { return Scope; }
+};
+
+// Class to represent a list of range addresses associated with a
+// scope; the addresses are stored in ascending order and can overlap.
+using LVRangeEntries = std::vector<LVRangeEntry>;
+
+class LVRange final : public LVObject {
+  /// Map of where a user value is live, and its location.
+  using LVRangesTree = IntervalTree<LVAddress, LVScope *>;
+  using LVAllocator = LVRangesTree::Allocator;
+
+  LVAllocator Allocator;
+  LVRangesTree RangesTree;
+  LVRangeEntries RangeEntries;
+  LVAddress Lower = MaxAddress;
+  LVAddress Upper = 0;
+
+public:
+  LVRange() : LVObject(), RangesTree(Allocator) {}
+  LVRange(const LVRange &) = delete;
+  LVRange &operator=(const LVRange &) = delete;
+  ~LVRange() = default;
+
+  void addEntry(LVScope *Scope, LVAddress LowerAddress, LVAddress UpperAddress);
+  void addEntry(LVScope *Scope);
+  LVScope *getEntry(LVAddress Address) const;
+  LVScope *getEntry(LVAddress LowerAddress, LVAddress UpperAddress) const;
+  bool hasEntry(LVAddress Low, LVAddress High) const;
+  LVAddress getLower() const { return Lower; }
+  LVAddress getUpper() const { return Upper; }
+
+  const LVRangeEntries &getEntries() const { return RangeEntries; }
+
+  void clear() {
+    RangeEntries.clear();
+    Lower = MaxAddress;
+    Upper = 0;
+  }
+  bool empty() const { return RangeEntries.empty(); }
+  void sort();
+
+  void startSearch();
+  void endSearch() {}
+
+  void print(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const override;
+  void printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const override {}
+
+#if !defined(NDEBUG) || defined(LLVM_ENABLE_DUMP)
+  void dump() const override { print(dbgs()); }
+#endif
+};
+
+} // end namespace logicalview
+} // end namespace llvm
+
+#endif // LLVM_DEBUGINFO_LOGICALVIEW_CORE_LVRANGE_H

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVReader.h

 // information reader.
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 #ifndef LLVM_DEBUGINFO_LOGICALVIEW_CORE_LVREADER_H
 #define LLVM_DEBUGINFO_LOGICALVIEW_CORE_LVREADER_H
 
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVOptions.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/Error.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/ScopedPrinter.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/ToolOutputFile.h"
 #include <map>
 
 namespace llvm {
 namespace logicalview {
 
public:
   }
 
   // Access to the scopes root.
   LVScopeRoot *getScopesRoot() const { return Root; }
 
   Error doPrint();
   Error doLoad();
 
+  virtual std::string getRegisterName(LVSmall Opcode, uint64_t Operands[2]) {
+    llvm_unreachable("Invalid instance reader.");
+    return {};
+  }
+
   virtual bool isSystemEntry(LVElement *Element, StringRef Name = {}) {
     return false;
   };
 
   // Access to split context.
   LVSplitContext &getSplitContext() { return SplitContext; }
 
   // Conditions to print an object.
   bool doPrintLine(const LVLine *Line) const { return true; }
+  bool doPrintLocation(const LVLocation *Location) const { return true; }
   bool doPrintScope(const LVScope *Scope) const { return true; }
   bool doPrintSymbol(const LVSymbol *Symbol) const { return true; }
   bool doPrintType(const LVType *Type) const { return true; }
 
   static LVReader &getInstance();
   static void setInstance(LVReader *Reader);
 
   void print(raw_ostream &OS) const;

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.h

 // information scope.
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 #ifndef LLVM_DEBUGINFO_LOGICALVIEW_CORE_LVSCOPE_H
 #define LLVM_DEBUGINFO_LOGICALVIEW_CORE_LVSCOPE_H
 
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVElement.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSort.h"
 #include <map>
 #include <set>
 
 namespace llvm {
 namespace logicalview {
 
+class LVRange;
+
 enum class LVScopeKind {
   IsAggregate,
   IsArray,
   IsBlock,
   IsCallSite,
   IsCatchBlock,
   IsClass,
   IsCompileUnit,
enum class Property {
     AddedMissing, // Added missing referenced symbols.
     LastEntry
   };
 
   // Typed bitvector with kinds and properties for this scope.
   LVProperties<LVScopeKind> Kinds;
   LVProperties<Property> Properties;
 
+  // Coverage factor in units (bytes).
+  unsigned CoverageFactor = 0;
+
+  // Calculate coverage factor.
+  void calculateCoverage() {
+    float CoveragePercentage = 0;
+    LVLocation::calculateCoverage(Ranges, CoverageFactor, CoveragePercentage);
+  }
+
   // Decide if the scope will be printed, using some conditions given by:
   // only-globals, only-locals, a-pattern.
   bool resolvePrinting() const;
 
   // Traverse the scope parent tree, executing the given callback function
   // on each scope.
   void traverseParents(LVScopeGetFunction GetFunction,
                        LVScopeSetFunction SetFunction);
 
 protected:
-  // Types, Symbols, Scopes, Lines in this scope.
+  // Types, Symbols, Scopes, Lines, Locations in this scope.
   LVAutoTypes *Types = nullptr;
   LVAutoSymbols *Symbols = nullptr;
   LVAutoScopes *Scopes = nullptr;
   LVAutoLines *Lines = nullptr;
+  LVAutoLocations *Ranges = nullptr;
 
   // Vector of elements (types, scopes and symbols).
   // It is the union of (*Types, *Symbols and *Scopes) to be used for
   // the following reasons:
   // - Preserve the order the logical elements are read in.
   // - To have a single container with all the logical elements, when
   //   the traversal does not require any specific element kind.
   LVElements *Children = nullptr;
 
   // Resolve the template parameters/arguments relationship.
   void resolveTemplate();
   void printEncodedArgs(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const;
 
-  virtual void printSizes(raw_ostream &OS) const {}
-  virtual void printSummary(raw_ostream &OS) const {}
+  void printActiveRanges(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const;
+  virtual void printSizes(raw_ostream &OS) const {};
+  virtual void printSummary(raw_ostream &OS) const {};
 
   // Encoded template arguments.
   virtual StringRef getEncodedArgs() const { return StringRef(); }
   virtual void setEncodedArgs(StringRef EncodedArgs) {}
 
 public:
   LVScope() : LVElement(LVSubclassID::LV_SCOPE) {
     setIsScope();
public:
 
   bool isCompileUnit() const override { return getIsCompileUnit(); }
   bool isRoot() const override { return getIsRoot(); }
 
   const char *kind() const override;
 
   // Get the specific children.
   const LVLines *getLines() const { return Lines; }
+  const LVLocations *getRanges() const { return Ranges; }
   const LVScopes *getScopes() const { return Scopes; }
   const LVSymbols *getSymbols() const { return Symbols; }
   const LVTypes *getTypes() const { return Types; }
   const LVElements *getChildren() const { return Children; }
 
   void addElement(LVElement *Element);
   void addElement(LVLine *Line);
   void addElement(LVScope *Scope);
   void addElement(LVSymbol *Symbol);
   void addElement(LVType *Type);
+  void addObject(LVLocation *Location);
+  void addObject(LVAddress LowerAddress, LVAddress UpperAddress);
   void addToChildren(LVElement *Element);
 
   // Add the missing elements from the given 'Reference', which is the
   // scope associated with any DW_AT_specification, DW_AT_abstract_origin.
   void addMissingElements(LVScope *Reference);
 
   // Traverse the scope parent tree and the children, executing the given
   // callback function on each element.
   void traverseParentsAndChildren(LVObjectGetFunction GetFunction,
                                   LVObjectSetFunction SetFunction);
 
   // Get the size of specific children.
   size_t lineCount() const { return Lines ? Lines->size() : 0; }
+  size_t rangeCount() const { return Ranges ? Ranges->size() : 0; }
   size_t scopeCount() const { return Scopes ? Scopes->size() : 0; }
   size_t symbolCount() const { return Symbols ? Symbols->size() : 0; }
   size_t typeCount() const { return Types ? Types->size() : 0; }
 
+  // Find containing parent for the given address.
+  LVScope *outermostParent(LVAddress Address);
+
+  // Get all the locations associated with symbols.
+  void getLocations(LVLocations &LocationList, LVValidLocation ValidLocation,
+                    bool RecordInvalid = false);
+  void getRanges(LVLocations &LocationList, LVValidLocation ValidLocation,
+                 bool RecordInvalid = false);
+  void getRanges(LVRange &RangeList);
+
+  unsigned getCoverageFactor() const { return CoverageFactor; }
+
   Error doPrint(bool Split, bool Match, bool Print, raw_ostream &OS,
                 bool Full = true) const override;
   // Sort the logical elements using the criteria specified by the
   // command line option '--output-sort'.
   void sort();
 
   // Get template parameter types.
   bool getTemplateParameterTypes(LVTypes &Params);
public:
 
   StringRef getProducer() const override {
     return getStringPool().getString(ProducerIndex);
   }
   void setProducer(StringRef ProducerName) override {
     ProducerIndex = getStringPool().getIndex(ProducerName);
   }
 
+  // Process ranges, locations and calculate coverage.
+  void processRangeLocationCoverage(
+      LVValidLocation ValidLocation = &LVLocation::validateRanges);
+
   void printLocalNames(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const;
   void printSummary(raw_ostream &OS, const LVCounter &Counter,
                     const char *Header) const;
 
   void incrementPrintedLines();
   void incrementPrintedScopes();
   void incrementPrintedSymbols();
   void incrementPrintedTypes();
public:
 
   StringRef getFileFormatName() const {
     return getStringPool().getString(FileFormatNameIndex);
   }
   void setFileFormatName(StringRef FileFormatName) {
     FileFormatNameIndex = getStringPool().getIndex(FileFormatName);
   }
 
+  // Process the collected location, ranges and calculate coverage.
+  void processRangeInformation();
+
   void print(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const override;
   void printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const override;
   Error doPrintMatches(bool Split, raw_ostream &OS,
                        bool UseMatchedElements) const;
 };
 
 // Class to represent a DWARF template parameter pack
 // (DW_TAG_GNU_template_parameter_pack).

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSort.h

 // Get the comparator function, based on the command line options.
 LVSortFunction getSortFunction();
 
 // Comparator functions that can be used for sorting.
 LVSortValue compareKind(const LVObject *LHS, const LVObject *RHS);
 LVSortValue compareLine(const LVObject *LHS, const LVObject *RHS);
 LVSortValue compareName(const LVObject *LHS, const LVObject *RHS);
 LVSortValue compareOffset(const LVObject *LHS, const LVObject *RHS);
+LVSortValue compareRange(const LVObject *LHS, const LVObject *RHS);
 LVSortValue sortByKind(const LVObject *LHS, const LVObject *RHS);
 LVSortValue sortByLine(const LVObject *LHS, const LVObject *RHS);
 LVSortValue sortByName(const LVObject *LHS, const LVObject *RHS);
 
 } // end namespace logicalview
 } // end namespace llvm
 
 #endif // LLVM_DEBUGINFO_LOGICALVIEW_CORE_LVSORT_H

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSupport.h

 inline std::string formattedName(StringRef Name) {
   return (Twine("'") + Twine(Name) + Twine("'")).str();
 }
 
 inline std::string formattedNames(StringRef Name1, StringRef Name2) {
   return (Twine("'") + Twine(Name1) + Twine(Name2) + Twine("'")).str();
 }
 
+// These are the values assigned to the debug location record IDs.
+// See DebugInfo/CodeView/CodeViewSymbols.def.
+// S_DEFRANGE                               0x113f
+// S_DEFRANGE_SUBFIELD                      0x1140
+// S_DEFRANGE_REGISTER                      0x1141
+// S_DEFRANGE_FRAMEPOINTER_REL              0x1142
+// S_DEFRANGE_SUBFIELD_REGISTER             0x1143
+// S_DEFRANGE_FRAMEPOINTER_REL_FULL_SCOPE   0x1144
+// S_DEFRANGE_REGISTER_REL                  0x1145
+// When recording CodeView debug location, the above values are truncated
+// to a uint8_t value in order to fit the 'OpCode' used for the logical
+// debug location operations.
+// Return the original CodeView enum value.
+inline uint16_t getCodeViewOperationCode(uint8_t Code) { return 0x1100 | Code; }
+
 } // end namespace logicalview
 } // end namespace llvm
 
 #endif // LLVM_DEBUGINFO_LOGICALVIEW_CORE_LVSUPPORT_H

llvm/include/llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSymbol.h

class LVSymbol final : public LVElement {
   LVProperties<LVSymbolKind> Kinds;
   LVProperties<Property> Properties;
 
   // CodeView symbol Linkage name.
   size_t LinkageNameIndex = 0;
 
   // Reference to DW_AT_specification, DW_AT_abstract_origin attribute.
   LVSymbol *Reference = nullptr;
+  LVAutoLocations *Locations = nullptr;
+  LVLocation *CurrentLocation = nullptr;
 
   // Bitfields length.
   uint32_t BitSize = 0;
 
   // Index in the String pool representing any initial value.
   size_t ValueIndex = 0;
 
+  // Coverage factor in units (bytes).
+  unsigned CoverageFactor = 0;
+  float CoveragePercentage = 0;
+
+  // Add a location gap into the location list.
+  LVAutoLocations::iterator addLocationGap(LVAutoLocations::iterator Pos,
+                                           LVAddress LowPC, LVAddress HighPC);
+
 public:
   LVSymbol() : LVElement(LVSubclassID::LV_SYMBOL) {
     setIsSymbol();
     setIncludeInPrint();
   }
   LVSymbol(const LVSymbol &) = delete;
   LVSymbol &operator=(const LVSymbol &) = delete;
-  ~LVSymbol() = default;
+  ~LVSymbol() { delete Locations; }
 
   static bool classof(const LVElement *Element) {
     return Element->getSubclassID() == LVSubclassID::LV_SYMBOL;
   }
 
   KIND(LVSymbolKind, IsCallSiteParameter);
   KIND(LVSymbolKind, IsConstant);
   KIND(LVSymbolKind, IsInheritance);
public:
   std::string getValue() const override {
     return std::string(getStringPool().getString(ValueIndex));
   }
   void setValue(StringRef Value) override {
     ValueIndex = getStringPool().getIndex(Value);
   }
   size_t getValueIndex() const override { return ValueIndex; }
 
+  // Add a Location Entry.
+  void addLocationConstant(dwarf::Attribute Attr, LVUnsigned Constant,
+                           uint64_t LocDescOffset);
+  void addLocationOperands(LVSmall Opcode, uint64_t Operand1,
+                           uint64_t Operand2);
+  void addLocation(dwarf::Attribute Attr, LVAddress LowPC, LVAddress HighPC,
+                   LVUnsigned SectionOffset, uint64_t LocDescOffset,
+                   bool CallSiteLocation = false);
+
+  // Fill gaps in the location list.
+  void fillLocationGaps();
+
+  // Get all the locations associated with symbols.
+  void getLocations(LVLocations &LocationList, LVValidLocation ValidLocation,
+                    bool RecordInvalid = false);
+  void getLocations(LVLocations &LocationList) const;
+
+  // Calculate coverage factor.
+  void calculateCoverage();
+
+  unsigned getCoverageFactor() const { return CoverageFactor; }
+  void setCoverageFactor(unsigned Value) { CoverageFactor = Value; }
+  float getCoveragePercentage() const { return CoveragePercentage; }
+  void setCoveragePercentage(float Value) { CoveragePercentage = Value; }
+
+  // Print location in raw format.
+  void printLocations(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const;
+
   // Follow a chain of references given by DW_AT_abstract_origin and/or
   // DW_AT_specification and update the symbol name.
   StringRef resolveReferencesChain();
 
   void resolveName() override;
   void resolveReferences() override;
 
   void print(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full = true) const override;

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/CMakeLists.txt

 macro(add_lv_impl_folder group)
   list(APPEND LV_IMPL_SOURCES ${ARGN})
   source_group(${group} FILES ${ARGN})
 endmacro()
 
 add_lv_impl_folder(Core
   Core/LVElement.cpp
   Core/LVLine.cpp
+  Core/LVLocation.cpp
   Core/LVObject.cpp
   Core/LVOptions.cpp
+  Core/LVRange.cpp
   Core/LVReader.cpp
   Core/LVScope.cpp
   Core/LVSort.cpp
   Core/LVSupport.cpp
   Core/LVSymbol.cpp
   Core/LVType.cpp
   )
 

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.cpp

+//===-- LVLocation.cpp ----------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This implements the LVOperation and LVLocation classes.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVReader.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSymbol.h"
+
+using namespace llvm;
+using namespace llvm::logicalview;
+
+#define DEBUG_TYPE "Location"
+
+void LVOperation::print(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {}
+
+// Identify the most common type of operations and print them using a high
+// level format, trying to isolate the DWARF complexity.
+std::string LVOperation::getOperandsDWARFInfo() {
+  std::string String;
+  raw_string_ostream Stream(String);
+
+  auto PrintRegisterInfo = [&](LVSmall Code) {
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // 2.5.1.1 Literal encodings.
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    if (dwarf::DW_OP_lit0 <= Code && Code <= dwarf::DW_OP_lit31) {
+      Stream << format("lit%d", Code - dwarf::DW_OP_lit0);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // 2.5.1.2 Register values.
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    if (dwarf::DW_OP_breg0 <= Code && Code <= dwarf::DW_OP_breg31) {
+      std::string RegisterName(getReader().getRegisterName(Code, Operands));
+      Stream << format("breg%d+%d%s", Code - dwarf::DW_OP_breg0, Operands[0],
+                       RegisterName.c_str());
+      return;
+    }
+
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // 2.6.1.1.3 Register location descriptions.
+    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    if (dwarf::DW_OP_reg0 <= Code && Code <= dwarf::DW_OP_reg31) {
+      std::string RegisterName(getReader().getRegisterName(Code, Operands));
+      Stream << format("reg%d%s", Code - dwarf::DW_OP_reg0,
+                       RegisterName.c_str());
+      return;
+    }
+
+    Stream << format("#0x%02x ", Code) << hexString(Operands[0]) << " "
+           << hexString(Operands[1]) << "#";
+  };
+
+  switch (Opcode) {
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // 2.5.1.1 Literal encodings.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_addr:
+    Stream << "addr " << hexString(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_constu:
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_const1u:
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_const2u:
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_const4u:
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_const8u:
+    Stream << "const_u " << unsigned(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_consts:
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_const1s:
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_const2s:
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_const4s:
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_const8s:
+    Stream << "const_s " << int(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_addrx:
+    Stream << "addrx " << unsigned(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_constx:
+    Stream << "constx " << unsigned(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_const_type:
+    Stream << "TODO: DW_OP_const_type";
+    break;
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // 2.5.1.2 Register values.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_fbreg:
+    Stream << "fbreg " << int(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_bregx: {
+    std::string RegisterName(getReader().getRegisterName(Opcode, Operands));
+    Stream << format("bregx %d%s+%d", Operands[0], RegisterName.c_str(),
+                     unsigned(Operands[1]));
+    break;
+  }
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_regval_type: {
+    std::string RegisterName(getReader().getRegisterName(Opcode, Operands));
+    Stream << format("regval_type %d%s+%d", Operands[0], RegisterName.c_str(),
+                     unsigned(Operands[1]));
+    break;
+  }
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // 2.5.1.3 Stack operations.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_dup:
+    Stream << "dup";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_drop:
+    Stream << "drop";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_pick:
+    Stream << "pick " << unsigned(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_over:
+    Stream << "over";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_swap:
+    Stream << "swap";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_rot:
+    Stream << "rot";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_deref:
+    Stream << "deref";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_deref_size:
+    Stream << "deref_size " << unsigned(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_deref_type:
+    Stream << "deref_type " << unsigned(Operands[0]) << " DIE offset "
+           << hexString(Operands[1]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_xderef:
+    Stream << "xderef";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_xderef_size:
+    Stream << "xderef_size " << unsigned(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_xderef_type:
+    Stream << "xderef_type " << unsigned(Operands[0]) << " DIE offset "
+           << hexString(Operands[1]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_push_object_address:
+    Stream << "push_object_address";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_form_tls_address:
+    Stream << "form_tls_address " << hexString(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_call_frame_cfa:
+    Stream << "call_frame_cfa";
+    break;
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // 2.5.1.4 Arithmetic and Logical Operations.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_abs:
+    Stream << "abs";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_and:
+    Stream << "and";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_div:
+    Stream << "div";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_minus:
+    Stream << "minus";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_mod:
+    Stream << "mod";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_mul:
+    Stream << "mul";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_neg:
+    Stream << "neg";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_not:
+    Stream << "not";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_or:
+    Stream << "or";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_plus:
+    Stream << "plus";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_plus_uconst:
+    Stream << "plus_uconst " << unsigned(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_shl:
+    Stream << "shl";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_shr:
+    Stream << "shr";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_shra:
+    Stream << "shra";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_xor:
+    Stream << "xor";
+    break;
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // 2.5.1.5 Control Flow Operations.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_le:
+    Stream << "le";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_ge:
+    Stream << "ge";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_eq:
+    Stream << "eq";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_lt:
+    Stream << "lt";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_gt:
+    Stream << "gt";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_ne:
+    Stream << "ne";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_skip:
+    Stream << "skip " << signed(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_bra:
+    Stream << "bra " << signed(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_call2:
+    Stream << "call2 DIE offset " << hexString(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_call4:
+    Stream << "call4 DIE offset " << hexString(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_call_ref:
+    Stream << "call_ref DIE offset " << hexString(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // 2.5.1.6 Type Conversions.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_convert:
+    Stream << "convert DIE offset " << hexString(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_reinterpret:
+    Stream << "reinterpret DIE offset " << hexString(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // 2.5.1.7 Special Operations.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_nop:
+    Stream << "nop";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_entry_value:
+    Stream << "TODO: DW_OP_entry_value";
+    break;
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // 2.6.1.1.3 Register location descriptions.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_regx:
+    Stream << "regx" << getReader().getRegisterName(Opcode, Operands);
+    break;
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // 2.6.1.1.4 Implicit location descriptions.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_stack_value:
+    Stream << "stack_value";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_implicit_value:
+    Stream << "TODO: DW_OP_implicit_value";
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_implicit_pointer:
+    Stream << "implicit_pointer DIE offset " << hexString(Operands[0]) << " "
+           << int(Operands[1]);
+    break;
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // 2.6.1.2 Composite location descriptions.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_piece:
+    Stream << "piece " << int(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_bit_piece:
+    Stream << "bit_piece " << int(Operands[0]) << " offset "
+           << int(Operands[1]);
+    break;
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // GNU extensions.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_GNU_entry_value:
+    Stream << "gnu_entry_value ";
+    PrintRegisterInfo(dwarf::DW_OP_reg0);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_GNU_push_tls_address:
+    Stream << "gnu_push_tls_address " << hexString(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_GNU_addr_index:
+    Stream << "gnu_addr_index " << unsigned(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_GNU_const_index:
+    Stream << "gnu_const_index " << unsigned(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Member location.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case LVLocationMemberOffset:
+    Stream << "offset " << int(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Missing location.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  case dwarf::DW_OP_hi_user:
+    Stream << "missing";
+    break;
+
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Register values.
+  //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  default:
+    PrintRegisterInfo(Opcode);
+    break;
+  }
+
+  return String;
+}
+
+// Identify the most common type of operations and print them using a high
+// level format, trying to isolate the CodeView complexity.
+std::string LVOperation::getOperandsCodeViewInfo() {
+  std::string String;
+  raw_string_ostream Stream(String);
+
+  // Get original CodeView operation code.
+  uint16_t OperationCode = getCodeViewOperationCode(Opcode);
+
+  switch (OperationCode) {
+  // Operands: [Offset, 0].
+  case codeview::SymbolKind::S_DEFRANGE_FRAMEPOINTER_REL:
+    Stream << "frame_pointer_rel " << int(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case codeview::SymbolKind::S_DEFRANGE_FRAMEPOINTER_REL_FULL_SCOPE:
+    Stream << "frame_pointer_rel_full_scope " << int(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+
+  // Operands: [Register, 0].
+  case codeview::SymbolKind::S_DEFRANGE_REGISTER:
+    Stream << "register " << getReader().getRegisterName(Opcode, Operands);
+    break;
+  case codeview::SymbolKind::S_DEFRANGE_SUBFIELD_REGISTER:
+    Stream << "subfield_register "
+           << getReader().getRegisterName(Opcode, Operands);
+    break;
+
+  // Operands: [Register, Offset].
+  case codeview::SymbolKind::S_DEFRANGE_REGISTER_REL:
+    Stream << "register_rel " << getReader().getRegisterName(Opcode, Operands)
+           << " offset " << int(Operands[1]);
+    break;
+
+  // Operands: [Program, 0].
+  case codeview::SymbolKind::S_DEFRANGE:
+    Stream << "frame " << int(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+  case codeview::SymbolKind::S_DEFRANGE_SUBFIELD:
+    Stream << "subfield " << int(Operands[0]);
+    break;
+
+  default:
+    Stream << format("#0x%02x: ", Opcode) << hexString(Operands[0]) << " "
+           << hexString(Operands[1]) << "#";
+    break;
+  }
+
+  return String;
+}
+
+namespace {
+const char *const KindBaseClassOffset = "BaseClassOffset";
+const char *const KindBaseClassStep = "BaseClassStep";
+const char *const KindClassOffset = "ClassOffset";
+const char *const KindFixedAddress = "FixedAddress";
+const char *const KindMissingInfo = "Missing";
+const char *const KindOperation = "Operation";
+const char *const KindOperationList = "OperationList";
+const char *const KindRegister = "Register";
+const char *const KindUndefined = "Undefined";
+} // end anonymous namespace
+
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// DWARF location information.
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+const char *LVLocation::kind() const {
+  const char *Kind = KindUndefined;
+  if (getIsBaseClassOffset())
+    Kind = KindBaseClassOffset;
+  else if (getIsBaseClassStep())
+    Kind = KindBaseClassStep;
+  else if (getIsClassOffset())
+    Kind = KindClassOffset;
+  else if (getIsFixedAddress())
+    Kind = KindFixedAddress;
+  else if (getIsGapEntry())
+    Kind = KindMissingInfo;
+  else if (getIsOperation())
+    Kind = KindOperation;
+  else if (getIsOperationList())
+    Kind = KindOperationList;
+  else if (getIsRegister())
+    Kind = KindRegister;
+  return Kind;
+}
+
+std::string LVLocation::getIntervalInfo() const {
+  static const char *const Question = "?";
+  std::string String;
+  raw_string_ostream Stream(String);
+  if (getIsAddressRange())
+    Stream << "{Range}";
+
+  auto PrintLine = [&](const LVLine *Line) {
+    if (Line) {
+      std::string TheLine;
+      TheLine = Line->lineNumberAsStringStripped();
+      Stream << TheLine.c_str();
+    } else {
+      Stream << Question;
+    }
+  };
+
+  Stream << " Lines ";
+  PrintLine(getLowerLine());
+  Stream << ":";
+  PrintLine(getUpperLine());
+
+  if (options().getAttributeOffset())
+    // Print the active range (low pc and high pc).
+    Stream << " [" << hexString(getLowerAddress()) << ":"
+           << hexString(getUpperAddress()) << "]";
+
+  return String;
+}
+
+// Validate the ranges associated with the location.
+bool LVLocation::validateRanges() {
+  // Traverse the locations and validate them against the address to line
+  // mapping in the current compile unit. Record those invalid ranges.
+  // A valid range must meet the following conditions:
+  // a) line(lopc) <= line(hipc)
+  // b) line(lopc) and line(hipc) are valid.
+
+  if (!hasAssociatedRange())
+    return true;
+
+  LVScopeCompileUnit *Scope = getReader().getCompileUnit();
+  LVLine *LowLine = Scope->lineLowerBound(getLowerAddress());
+  LVLine *HighLine = Scope->lineUpperBound(getUpperAddress());
+  if (LowLine)
+    setLowerLine(LowLine);
+  else {
+    setIsInvalidLower();
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (HighLine)
+    setUpperLine(HighLine);
+  else {
+    setIsInvalidUpper();
+    return false;
+  }
+  // Check for a valid interval.
+  if (LowLine->getLineNumber() > HighLine->getLineNumber()) {
+    setIsInvalidRange();
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool LVLocation::calculateCoverage(LVLocations *Locations, unsigned &Factor,
+                                   float &Percentage) {
+  if (!options().getAttributeCoverage() && !Locations)
+    return false;
+
+  // Calculate the coverage depending on the kind of location. We have
+  // the simple and composed locations.
+  if (Locations->size() == 1) {
+    // Simple: fixed address, class offset, stack offset.
+    LVLocation *Location = Locations->front();
+    // Some types of locations do not have specific kind. Now is the time
+    // to set those types, depending on the operation type.
+    Location->updateKind();
+    if (Location->getIsLocationSimple()) {
+      Factor = 100;
+      Percentage = 100;
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Composed locations.
+  LVAddress LowerAddress = 0;
+  LVAddress UpperAddress = 0;
+  for (const LVLocation *Location : *Locations)
+    // Do not include locations representing a gap.
+    if (!Location->getIsGapEntry()) {
+      LowerAddress = Location->getLowerAddress();
+      UpperAddress = Location->getUpperAddress();
+      Factor += (UpperAddress > LowerAddress) ? UpperAddress - LowerAddress
+                                              : LowerAddress - UpperAddress;
+    }
+
+  Percentage = 0;
+  return false;
+}
+
+void LVLocation::printRaw(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
+  // Print the active range (low pc and high pc).
+  OS << " [" << hexString(getLowerAddress()) << ":"
+     << hexString(getUpperAddress()) << "]\n";
+  // Print any DWARF operations.
+  printRawExtra(OS, Full);
+}
+
+void LVLocation::printInterval(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
+  if (hasAssociatedRange())
+    OS << getIntervalInfo();
+}
+
+void LVLocation::print(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
+  if (getReader().doPrintLocation(this)) {
+    LVObject::print(OS, Full);
+    printExtra(OS, Full);
+  }
+}
+
+void LVLocation::printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
+  printInterval(OS, Full);
+  OS << "\n";
+}
+
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// DWARF location for a symbol.
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// Add a Location Entry.
+void LVLocationSymbol::addObject(LVAddress LowPC, LVAddress HighPC,
+                                 LVUnsigned SectionOffset,
+                                 uint64_t LocDescOffset) {
+  setLowerAddress(LowPC);
+  setUpperAddress(HighPC);
+
+  // Record the offset where the location information begins.
+  setOffset(LocDescOffset ? LocDescOffset : SectionOffset);
+
+  // A -1 HighPC value, indicates no range.
+  if (HighPC == LVAddress(UINT64_MAX))
+    setIsDiscardedRange();
+
+  // Update the location kind, using the DWARF attribute.
+  setKind();
+}
+
+// Add a Location Record.
+void LVLocationSymbol::addObject(LVSmall Opcode, LVUnsigned Operand1,
+                                 LVUnsigned Operand2) {
+  if (!Entries)
+    Entries = new LVAutoOperations();
+  Entries->emplace_back(new LVOperation(Opcode, Operand1, Operand2));
+}
+
+// Based on the DWARF attribute, define the location kind.
+void LVLocation::setKind() {
+  switch (getAttr()) {
+  case dwarf::DW_AT_data_member_location:
+    setIsClassOffset();
+    break;
+  case dwarf::DW_AT_location:
+    // Depending on the operand, we have a fixed address.
+    setIsFixedAddress();
+    break;
+  default:
+    break;
+  }
+  // For those symbols with absolute location information, ignore any
+  // gaps in their location description; that is the case with absolute
+  // memory addresses and members located at specific offsets.
+  if (hasAssociatedRange())
+    getParentSymbol()->setFillGaps();
+}
+
+void LVLocationSymbol::updateKind() {
+  // Update the location type for simple ones.
+  if (Entries && Entries->size() == 1) {
+    LVOperation *Operation = Entries->front();
+    if (dwarf::DW_OP_fbreg == Operation->getOpcode())
+      setIsStackOffset();
+  }
+}
+
+void LVLocationSymbol::printRawExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
+  if (Entries)
+    for (const LVOperation *Operation : *Entries)
+      Operation->print(OS, Full);
+}
+
+// Print location (formatted version).
+void LVLocation::print(LVLocations *Locations, raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) {
+  if (!Locations || Locations->empty())
+    return;
+
+  // Print the symbol coverage.
+  if (options().getAttributeCoverage()) {
+    // The location entries are contained within a symbol. Get a location,
+    // to access basic information about indentation, parent, etc.
+    LVLocation *Location = Locations->front();
+    LVSymbol *Symbol = Location->getParentSymbol();
+    float Percentage = Symbol->getCoveragePercentage();
+
+    // The coverage is dependent on the kind of location.
+    std::string String;
+    raw_string_ostream Stream(String);
+    Stream << format("%.2f%%", Percentage);
+    if (!Location->getIsLocationSimple())
+      Stream << format(" (%d/%d)", Symbol->getCoverageFactor(),
+                       Symbol->getParentScope()->getCoverageFactor());
+    Symbol->printAttributes(OS, Full, "{Coverage} ", Symbol, StringRef(String),
+                            /*UseQuotes=*/false,
+                            /*PrintRef=*/false);
+  }
+
+  // Print the symbol location, including the missing entries.
+  if (getReader().doPrintLocation(/*Location=*/nullptr))
+    for (const LVLocation *Location : *Locations)
+      Location->print(OS, Full);
+}
+
+void LVLocationSymbol::printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
+  OS << "{Location}";
+  if (getIsCallSite())
+    OS << " -> CallSite";
+  printInterval(OS, Full);
+  OS << "\n";
+
+  // Print location entries.
+  if (Full && Entries) {
+    bool CodeViewLocation = getParentSymbol()->getHasCodeViewLocation();
+    std::stringstream Stream;
+    std::string Leading = "";
+    for (LVOperation *Operation : *Entries) {
+      Stream << Leading
+             << (CodeViewLocation ? Operation->getOperandsCodeViewInfo()
+                                  : Operation->getOperandsDWARFInfo());
+      Leading = ", ";
+    }
+    printAttributes(OS, Full, "{Entry} ", const_cast<LVLocationSymbol *>(this),
+                    StringRef(Stream.str()),
+                    /*UseQuotes=*/false,
+                    /*PrintRef=*/false);
+  }
+}

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.cpp

+//===-- LVRange.cpp -------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This implements the LVRange class.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVOptions.h"
+
+using namespace llvm;
+using namespace llvm::logicalview;
+
+#define DEBUG_TYPE "Range"
+
+void LVRange::startSearch() {
+  RangesTree.clear();
+
+  LLVM_DEBUG({ dbgs() << "\nRanges Tree entries:\n"; });
+
+  // Traverse the ranges and store them into the interval tree.
+  for (LVRangeEntry &RangeEntry : RangeEntries) {
+    LLVM_DEBUG({
+      LVScope *Scope = RangeEntry.scope();
+      dbgs() << "Scope: " << format_decimal(Scope->getLevel(), 5) << " "
+             << "Range: [" << hexValue(RangeEntry.lower()) << ":"
+             << hexValue(RangeEntry.upper()) << "]\n";
+    });
+
+    RangesTree.insert(RangeEntry.lower(), RangeEntry.upper(),
+                      RangeEntry.scope());
+  }
+
+  // Create the interval tree.
+  RangesTree.create();
+
+  LLVM_DEBUG({
+    dbgs() << "\nRanges Tree:\n";
+    RangesTree.print(dbgs());
+  });
+}
+
+// Add the pair in an ascending order, with the smallest ranges at the
+// start; in that way, enclosing scopes ranges are at the end of the
+// list; we assume that low <= high.
+void LVRange::addEntry(LVScope *Scope, LVAddress LowerAddress,
+                       LVAddress UpperAddress) {
+  // We assume the low <= high.
+  if (LowerAddress > UpperAddress)
+    std::swap(LowerAddress, UpperAddress);
+
+  // Record the lowest and highest seen addresses.
+  if (LowerAddress < Lower)
+    Lower = LowerAddress;
+  if (UpperAddress > Upper)
+    Upper = UpperAddress;
+
+  // Just add the scope and range pair, in no particular order.
+  RangeEntries.emplace_back(LowerAddress, UpperAddress, Scope);
+}
+
+void LVRange::addEntry(LVScope *Scope) {
+  assert(Scope && "Scope must not be nullptr");
+  // Traverse the ranges and update the ranges set only if the ranges
+  // values are not already recorded.
+  if (const LVLocations *Locations = Scope->getRanges())
+    for (const LVLocation *Location : *Locations) {
+      LVAddress LowPC = Location->getLowerAddress();
+      LVAddress HighPC = Location->getUpperAddress();
+      if (!hasEntry(LowPC, HighPC))
+        // Add the pair of addresses.
+        addEntry(Scope, LowPC, HighPC);
+    }
+}
+
+// Get the scope associated with the input address.
+LVScope *LVRange::getEntry(LVAddress Address) const {
+  LLVM_DEBUG({ dbgs() << format("Searching: 0x%08x\nFound: ", Address); });
+
+  LVScope *Target = nullptr;
+  LVLevel TargetLevel = 0;
+  LVLevel Level = 0;
+  LVScope *Scope = nullptr;
+  for (LVRangesTree::find_iterator Iter = RangesTree.find(Address),
+                                   End = RangesTree.find_end();
+       Iter != End; ++Iter) {
+    LLVM_DEBUG(
+        { dbgs() << format("[0x%08x,0x%08x] ", Iter->left(), Iter->right()); });
+    Scope = Iter->value();
+    Level = Scope->getLevel();
+    if (Level > TargetLevel) {
+      TargetLevel = Level;
+      Target = Scope;
+    }
+  }
+
+  LLVM_DEBUG({ dbgs() << (Scope ? "\n" : "None\n"); });
+
+  return Target;
+}
+
+// Find the associated Scope for the given ranges values.
+LVScope *LVRange::getEntry(LVAddress LowerAddress,
+                           LVAddress UpperAddress) const {
+  for (const LVRangeEntry &RangeEntry : RangeEntries)
+    if (LowerAddress >= RangeEntry.lower() && UpperAddress < RangeEntry.upper())
+      return RangeEntry.scope();
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+// True if the range addresses contain the pair [LowerAddress, UpperAddress].
+bool LVRange::hasEntry(LVAddress LowerAddress, LVAddress UpperAddress) const {
+  for (const LVRangeEntry &RangeEntry : RangeEntries)
+    if (LowerAddress == RangeEntry.lower() &&
+        UpperAddress == RangeEntry.upper())
+      return true;
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Sort the range elements for the whole Compile Unit.
+void LVRange::sort() {
+  auto CompareRangeEntry = [](const LVRangeEntry &lhs,
+                              const LVRangeEntry &rhs) -> bool {
+    if (lhs.lower() < rhs.lower())
+      return true;
+
+    // If the lower address is the same, use the upper address value in
+    // order to put first the smallest interval.
+    if (lhs.lower() == rhs.lower())
+      return lhs.upper() < rhs.upper();
+
+    return false;
+  };
+
+  // Sort the ranges using low address and range size.
+  std::stable_sort(RangeEntries.begin(), RangeEntries.end(), CompareRangeEntry);
+}
+
+void LVRange::print(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
+  size_t Indentation = 0;
+  for (const LVRangeEntry &RangeEntry : RangeEntries) {
+    LVScope *Scope = RangeEntry.scope();
+    Scope->printAttributes(OS, Full);
+    Indentation = options().indentationSize();
+    if (Indentation)
+      OS << " ";
+    OS << format("[0x%08x,0x%08x] ", RangeEntry.lower(), RangeEntry.upper())
+       << formattedKind(Scope->kind()) << " " << formattedName(Scope->getName())
+       << "\n";
+  }
+  printExtra(OS, Full);
+}

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVReader.cpp

 //===-- LVReader.cpp ------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // This implements the LVReader class.
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVReader.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLine.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.h"
-#include "llvm/Support/Error.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/FileSystem.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/FormatAdapters.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/FormatVariadic.h"
 #include <tuple>
 
 using namespace llvm;
 using namespace llvm::logicalview;
 

 Error LVReader::doLoad() {
   // Set current Reader instance.
   setInstance(this);
 
   // Delegate the scope tree creation to the specific reader.
   if (Error Err = createScopes())
     return Err;
 
+  // Calculate symbol coverage and detect invalid debug locations and ranges.
+  Root->processRangeInformation();
+
   // As the elements can depend on elements from a different compile unit,
   // information such as name and file/line source information needs to be
   // updated.
   Root->resolveElements();
 
   sortScopes();
   return Error::success();
 }

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.cpp

 //===-- LVScope.cpp -------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // This implements the LVScope class.
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLine.h"
-#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVOptions.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVRange.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVReader.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSymbol.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVType.h"
 
 using namespace llvm;
 using namespace llvm::logicalview;
 
 #define DEBUG_TYPE "Scope"

 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 // DWARF lexical block, such as: namespace, function, compile unit, module, etc.
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 LVScope::~LVScope() {
   delete Types;
   delete Symbols;
   delete Scopes;
   delete Lines;
+  delete Ranges;
   delete Children;
 }
 
 // Return a string representation for the scope kind.
 const char *LVScope::kind() const {
   const char *Kind = KindUndefined;
   if (getIsArray())
     Kind = KindArray;
void LVScope::addElement(LVLine *Line) {
   // Do not add the line records to the children, as they represent the
   // logical view for the text section and any sorting will not preserve
   // the original sequence.
 
   // Indicate that this tree branch has lines.
   traverseParents(&LVScope::getHasLines, &LVScope::setHasLines);
 }
 
+// Add a location.
+void LVScope::addObject(LVLocation *Location) {
+  assert(Location && "Invalid location.");
+  assert(!Location->getParent() && "Location already inserted");
+  if (!Ranges)
+    Ranges = new LVAutoLocations();
+
+  // Add it to parent.
+  Location->setParent(this);
+  Location->setOffset(getOffset());
+
+  Ranges->push_back(Location);
+  setHasRanges();
+}
+
 // Adds the scope to the child scopes and sets the parent in the child.
 void LVScope::addElement(LVScope *Scope) {
   assert(Scope && "Invalid scope.");
   assert(!Scope->getParent() && "Scope already inserted");
   if (!Scopes)
     Scopes = new LVAutoScopes();
 
   // Add it to parent.
if (Type->getIsGlobalReference())
     traverseParents(&LVScope::getHasGlobals, &LVScope::setHasGlobals);
   else
     traverseParents(&LVScope::getHasLocals, &LVScope::setHasLocals);
 
   // Indicate that this tree branch has types.
   traverseParents(&LVScope::getHasTypes, &LVScope::setHasTypes);
 }
 
+// Add a pair of ranges.
+void LVScope::addObject(LVAddress LowerAddress, LVAddress UpperAddress) {
+  // Pack the ranges into a Location object.
+  LVLocation *Location = new LVLocation();
+  Location->setLowerAddress(LowerAddress);
+  Location->setUpperAddress(UpperAddress);
+  Location->setIsAddressRange();
+
+  addObject(Location);
+}
+
 bool LVScope::removeElement(LVElement *Element) {
   auto Predicate = [Element](LVElement *Item) -> bool {
     return Item == Element;
   };
   auto RemoveElement = [Element, Predicate](auto &Container) -> bool {
     auto Iter = std::remove_if(Container->begin(), Container->end(), Predicate);
     if (Iter != Container->end()) {
       Container->erase(Iter, Container->end());
std::function<void(LVScope * Parent, LVSortFunction SortFunction)> Sort =
         [&](LVScope *Parent, LVSortFunction SortFunction) {
           auto Traverse = [&](auto *Set, LVSortFunction SortFunction) {
             if (Set)
               std::stable_sort(Set->begin(), Set->end(), SortFunction);
           };
           Traverse(Parent->Types, SortFunction);
           Traverse(Parent->Symbols, SortFunction);
           Traverse(Parent->Scopes, SortFunction);
+          Traverse(Parent->Ranges, compareRange);
           Traverse(Parent->Children, SortFunction);
 
           if (Parent->Scopes)
             for (LVScope *Scope : *Parent->Scopes)
               Sort(Scope, SortFunction);
         };
 
     // Start traversing the scopes root and transform the element name.
if (const LVScopes *Scopes = Scope->getScopes())
       for (LVScope *Scope : *Scopes)
         TraverseChildren(Scope);
   };
 
   if (options().getReportChildren())
     TraverseChildren(this);
 }
 
+// Traverse the symbol location ranges and for each range:
+// - Apply the 'ValidLocation' validation criteria.
+// - Add any failed range to the 'LocationList'.
+// - Calculate location coverage.
+void LVScope::getLocations(LVLocations &LocationList,
+                           LVValidLocation ValidLocation, bool RecordInvalid) {
+  // Traverse scopes and symbols.
+  if (Symbols)
+    for (LVSymbol *Symbol : *Symbols)
+      Symbol->getLocations(LocationList, ValidLocation, RecordInvalid);
+  if (Scopes)
+    for (LVScope *Scope : *Scopes)
+      Scope->getLocations(LocationList, ValidLocation, RecordInvalid);
+}
+
+// Traverse the scope ranges and for each range:
+// - Apply the 'ValidLocation' validation criteria.
+// - Add any failed range to the 'LocationList'.
+// - Calculate location coverage.
+void LVScope::getRanges(LVLocations &LocationList,
+                        LVValidLocation ValidLocation, bool RecordInvalid) {
+  // Ignore discarded or stripped scopes (functions).
+  if (getIsDiscarded())
+    return;
+
+  // Process the ranges for current scope.
+  if (Ranges) {
+    for (LVLocation *Location : *Ranges) {
+      // Add the invalid location object.
+      if (!(Location->*ValidLocation)() && RecordInvalid)
+        LocationList.push_back(Location);
+    }
+
+    // Calculate coverage factor.
+    calculateCoverage();
+  }
+
+  // Traverse the scopes.
+  if (Scopes)
+    for (LVScope *Scope : *Scopes)
+      Scope->getRanges(LocationList, ValidLocation, RecordInvalid);
+}
+
+// Get all the ranges associated with scopes.
+void LVScope::getRanges(LVRange &RangeList) {
+  // Ignore discarded or stripped scopes (functions).
+  if (getIsDiscarded())
+    return;
+
+  if (Ranges)
+    RangeList.addEntry(this);
+  if (Scopes)
+    for (LVScope *Scope : *Scopes)
+      Scope->getRanges(RangeList);
+}
+
+LVScope *LVScope::outermostParent(LVAddress Address) {
+  LVScope *Parent = this;
+  while (Parent) {
+    const LVLocations *ParentRanges = Parent->getRanges();
+    if (ParentRanges)
+      for (const LVLocation *Location : *ParentRanges)
+        if (Location->getLowerAddress() <= Address)
+          return Parent;
+    Parent = Parent->getParentScope();
+  }
+  return Parent;
+}
+
+void LVScope::printActiveRanges(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
+  if (options().getPrintFormatting() && options().getAttributeRange() &&
+      Ranges) {
+    for (const LVLocation *Location : *Ranges)
+      Location->print(OS, Full);
+  }
+}
+
 void LVScope::printEncodedArgs(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
   if (options().getPrintFormatting() && options().getAttributeEncoded())
     printAttributes(OS, Full, "{Encoded} ", const_cast<LVScope *>(this),
                     getEncodedArgs(), /*UseQuotes=*/false, /*PrintRef=*/false);
 }
 
 void LVScope::print(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
   if (getIncludeInPrint() && getReader().doPrintScope(this)) {
void LVScope::printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
   // Do not print any type or name for a lexical block.
   if (!getIsBlock()) {
     OS << " " << formattedName(getName());
     if (!getIsAggregate())
       OS << " -> " << typeOffsetAsString()
          << formattedNames(getTypeQualifiedName(), typeAsString());
   }
   OS << "\n";
+
+  // Print any active ranges.
+  if (Full && getIsBlock())
+    printActiveRanges(OS, Full);
 }
 
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 // DWARF Union/Structure/Class.
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 void LVScopeAggregate::printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
   LVScope::printExtra(OS, Full);
   if (Full) {
void LVScopeCompileUnit::addSize(LVScope *Scope, LVOffset Lower,
   // debug information in sequential order.
   LVOffset Size = Upper - Lower;
   Sizes[Scope] = Size;
   if (this == Scope)
     // Record contribution size for the compilation unit.
     CUContributionSize = Size;
 }
 
+void LVScopeCompileUnit::processRangeLocationCoverage(
+    LVValidLocation ValidLocation) {
+
+  if (options().getAttributeRange()) {
+    // Traverse the scopes to get scopes that have invalid ranges.
+    LVLocations Locations;
+    bool RecordInvalid = false;
+    getRanges(Locations, ValidLocation, RecordInvalid);
+  }
+
+  if (options().getAttributeLocation()) {
+    // Traverse the scopes to get locations that have invalid ranges.
+    LVLocations Locations;
+    bool RecordInvalid = false;
+    getLocations(Locations, ValidLocation, RecordInvalid);
+  }
+}
+
 LVLine *LVScopeCompileUnit::lineLowerBound(LVAddress Address) const {
   LVAddressToLine::const_iterator Iter = AddressToLine.lower_bound(Address);
   return (Iter != AddressToLine.end()) ? Iter->second : nullptr;
 }
 
 LVLine *LVScopeCompileUnit::lineUpperBound(LVAddress Address) const {
   LVAddressToLine::const_iterator Iter = AddressToLine.upper_bound(Address);
   if (Iter != AddressToLine.begin())
if (options().getPrintFormatting() && options().getAttributeProducer())
     printAttributes(OS, Full, "{Producer} ",
                     const_cast<LVScopeCompileUnit *>(this), getProducer(),
                     /*UseQuotes=*/true,
                     /*PrintRef=*/false);
 
   // Reset file index, to allow its children to print the correct filename.
   options().resetFilenameIndex();
 
-  // Print any files, directories, public names.
+  // Print any files, directories, public names and active ranges.
   if (Full) {
     printLocalNames(OS, Full);
+    printActiveRanges(OS, Full);
   }
 }
 
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 // DWARF enumeration (DW_TAG_enumeration_type).
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 void LVScopeEnumeration::printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
   // Print the full type name.
void LVScopeFunction::printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
   OS << formattedKind(kind()) << " " << Attributes << formattedName(getName())
      << discriminatorAsString() << " -> " << typeOffsetAsString()
      << formattedNames(getTypeQualifiedName(), typeAsString()) << "\n";
 
   // Print any active ranges.
   if (Full) {
     if (getIsTemplateResolved())
       printEncodedArgs(OS, Full);
+    printActiveRanges(OS, Full);
     if (Reference)
       Reference->printReference(OS, Full, const_cast<LVScopeFunction *>(this));
   }
 }
 
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 // DWARF inlined function (DW_TAG_inlined_function).
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

 }
 
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 // DWARF namespace (DW_TAG_namespace).
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 void LVScopeNamespace::printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
   OS << formattedKind(kind()) << " " << formattedName(getName()) << "\n";
 
+  // Print any active ranges.
   if (Full) {
+    printActiveRanges(OS, Full);
+
     if (LVScope *Reference = getReference())
       Reference->printReference(OS, Full, const_cast<LVScopeNamespace *>(this));
   }
 }
 
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// An object file (single or multiple CUs).
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+void LVScopeRoot::processRangeInformation() {
+  if (!options().getAttributeAnyLocation())
+    return;
+
+  if (Scopes)
+    for (LVScope *Scope : *Scopes) {
+      LVScopeCompileUnit *CompileUnit =
+          static_cast<LVScopeCompileUnit *>(Scope);
+      getReader().setCompileUnit(CompileUnit);
+      CompileUnit->processRangeLocationCoverage();
+    }
+}
+
 void LVScopeRoot::print(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
   OS << "\nLogical View:\n";
   LVScope::print(OS, Full);
 }
 
 void LVScopeRoot::printExtra(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
   OS << formattedKind(kind()) << " " << formattedName(getName()) << "";
   if (options().getAttributeFormat())

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSort.cpp

 }
 
 // Callback comparator based on DIE offset.
 LVSortValue llvm::logicalview::compareOffset(const LVObject *LHS,
                                              const LVObject *RHS) {
   return LHS->getOffset() < RHS->getOffset();
 }
 
+// Callback comparator for Range compare.
+LVSortValue llvm::logicalview::compareRange(const LVObject *LHS,
+                                            const LVObject *RHS) {
+  if (LHS->getLowerAddress() < RHS->getLowerAddress())
+    return true;
+
+  // If the lower address is the same, use the upper address value in
+  // order to put first the smallest interval.
+  if (LHS->getLowerAddress() == RHS->getLowerAddress())
+    return LHS->getUpperAddress() < RHS->getUpperAddress();
+
+  return false;
+}
+
 // Callback comparator based on multiple keys (First: Kind).
 LVSortValue llvm::logicalview::sortByKind(const LVObject *LHS,
                                           const LVObject *RHS) {
   // Order in which the object attributes are used for comparison:
   // kind, name, line number, offset.
   std::tuple<std::string, StringRef, uint32_t, LVOffset> Left(
       LHS->kind(), LHS->getName(), LHS->getLineNumber(), LHS->getOffset());
   std::tuple<std::string, StringRef, uint32_t, LVOffset> Right(

llvm/lib/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSymbol.cpp

 //===-- LVSymbol.cpp ------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // This implements the LVSymbol class.
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSymbol.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLocation.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVReader.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.h"
 
 using namespace llvm;
 using namespace llvm::logicalview;
 
 #define DEBUG_TYPE "Symbol"
 
else if (getIsParameter())
     Kind = KindParameter;
   else if (getIsUnspecified())
     Kind = KindUnspecified;
   else if (getIsVariable())
     Kind = KindVariable;
   return Kind;
 }
 
+// Add a Location Entry.
+void LVSymbol::addLocation(dwarf::Attribute Attr, LVAddress LowPC,
+                           LVAddress HighPC, LVUnsigned SectionOffset,
+                           uint64_t LocDescOffset, bool CallSiteLocation) {
+  if (!Locations)
+    Locations = new LVAutoLocations();
+
+  // Create the location entry.
+  CurrentLocation = new LVLocationSymbol();
+  CurrentLocation->setParent(this);
+  CurrentLocation->setAttr(Attr);
+  if (CallSiteLocation)
+    CurrentLocation->setIsCallSite();
+  CurrentLocation->addObject(LowPC, HighPC, SectionOffset, LocDescOffset);
+  Locations->push_back(CurrentLocation);
+
+  // Mark the symbol as having location information.
+  setHasLocation();
+}
+
+// Add a Location Record.
+void LVSymbol::addLocationOperands(LVSmall Opcode, uint64_t Operand1,
+                                   uint64_t Operand2) {
+  if (CurrentLocation)
+    CurrentLocation->addObject(Opcode, Operand1, Operand2);
+}
+
+// Add a Location Entry.
+void LVSymbol::addLocationConstant(dwarf::Attribute Attr, LVUnsigned Constant,
+                                   uint64_t LocDescOffset) {
+  // Create a Location Entry, with the global information.
+  addLocation(Attr,
+              /*LowPC=*/0, /*HighPC=*/-1,
+              /*SectionOffset=*/0, LocDescOffset);
+
+  // Add records to Location Entry.
+  addLocationOperands(/*Opcode=*/LVLocationMemberOffset,
+                      /*Operand1=*/Constant, /*Operand2=*/0);
+}
+
+LVLocations::iterator LVSymbol::addLocationGap(LVLocations::iterator Pos,
+                                               LVAddress LowPC,
+                                               LVAddress HighPC) {
+  // Create a location entry for the gap.
+  LVLocation *Gap = new LVLocationSymbol();
+  Gap->setParent(this);
+  Gap->setAttr(dwarf::DW_AT_location);
+  Gap->addObject(LowPC, HighPC,
+                 /*section_offset=*/0,
+                 /*locdesc_offset=*/0);
+
+  LVLocations::iterator Iter = Locations->insert(Pos, Gap);
+
+  // Add gap to Location Entry.
+  Gap->addObject(/*op=*/dwarf::DW_OP_hi_user,
+                 /*opd1=*/0, /*opd2=*/0);
+
+  // Mark the entry as a gap.
+  Gap->setIsGapEntry();
+
+  return Iter;
+}
+
+void LVSymbol::fillLocationGaps() {
+  // The symbol has locations records. Fill gaps in the location list.
+  if (!getHasLocation() || !getFillGaps())
+    return;
+
+  // Get the parent range information and add dummy location entries.
+  const LVLocations *Ranges = getParentScope()->getRanges();
+  if (!Ranges)
+    return;
+
+  for (const LVLocation *Entry : *Ranges) {
+    LVAddress ParentLowPC = Entry->getLowerAddress();
+    LVAddress ParentHighPC = Entry->getUpperAddress();
+
+    // Traverse the symbol locations and for each location contained in
+    // the current parent range, insert locations for any existing gap.
+    LVLocation *Location;
+    LVAddress LowPC = 0;
+    LVAddress Marker = ParentLowPC;
+    for (LVLocations::iterator Iter = Locations->begin();
+         Iter != Locations->end(); ++Iter) {
+      Location = *Iter;
+      LowPC = Location->getLowerAddress();
+      if (LowPC != Marker) {
+        // We have a gap at [Marker,LowPC - 1].
+        Iter = addLocationGap(Iter, Marker, LowPC - 1);
+        ++Iter;
+      }
+
+      // Move to the next item in the location list.
+      Marker = Location->getUpperAddress() + 1;
+    }
+
+    // Check any gap at the end.
+    if (Marker < ParentHighPC)
+      // We have a gap at [Marker,ParentHighPC].
+      addLocationGap(Locations->end(), Marker, ParentHighPC);
+  }
+}
+
+// Get all the locations based on the valid function.
+void LVSymbol::getLocations(LVLocations &LocationList,
+                            LVValidLocation ValidLocation, bool RecordInvalid) {
+  if (!Locations)
+    return;
+
+  for (LVLocation *Location : *Locations) {
+    // Add the invalid location object.
+    if (!(Location->*ValidLocation)() && RecordInvalid)
+      LocationList.push_back(Location);
+  }
+
+  // Calculate coverage factor.
+  calculateCoverage();
+}
+
+void LVSymbol::getLocations(LVLocations &LocationList) const {
+  if (!Locations)
+    return;
+
+  for (LVLocation *Location : *Locations)
+    LocationList.push_back(Location);
+}
+
+// Calculate coverage factor.
+void LVSymbol::calculateCoverage() {
+  if (!LVLocation::calculateCoverage(Locations, CoverageFactor,
+                                     CoveragePercentage)) {
+    LVScope *Parent = getParentScope();
+    if (Parent->getIsInlinedFunction()) {
+      // For symbols representing the inlined function parameters and its
+      // variables, get the outer most parent that contains their location
+      // lower address.
+      // The symbol can have a set of non-contiguous locations. We are using
+      // only the first location entry to get the outermost parent.
+      // If no scope contains the location, assume its enclosing parent.
+      LVScope *Scope =
+          Parent->outermostParent(Locations->front()->getLowerAddress());
+      if (Scope)
+        Parent = Scope;
+    }
+    unsigned CoverageParent = Parent->getCoverageFactor();
+    // Get a percentage rounded to two decimal digits. This avoids
+    // implementation-defined rounding inside printing functions.
+    CoveragePercentage =
+        CoverageParent
+            ? rint((double(CoverageFactor) / CoverageParent) * 100.0 * 100.0) /
+                  100.0
+            : 0;
+  }
+}
+
 void LVSymbol::resolveName() {
   if (getIsResolvedName())
     return;
   setIsResolvedName();
 
   LVElement::resolveName();
 }
 
StringRef LVSymbol::resolveReferencesChain() {
   // If the symbol have a DW_AT_specification or DW_AT_abstract_origin,
   // follow the chain to resolve the name from those references.
   if (getHasReference() && !isNamed())
     setName(getReference()->resolveReferencesChain());
 
   return getName();
 }
 
+void LVSymbol::printLocations(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
+  if (Locations)
+    for (const LVLocation *Location : *Locations)
+      Location->printRaw(OS, Full);
+}
+
 void LVSymbol::print(raw_ostream &OS, bool Full) const {
   if (getIncludeInPrint() && getReader().doPrintSymbol(this)) {
     getReaderCompileUnit()->incrementPrintedSymbols();
     LVElement::print(OS, Full);
     printExtra(OS, Full);
   }
 }
 
if (ValueIndex)
     OS << " = " << formattedName(getValue());
   OS << "\n";
 
   if (Full && options().getPrintFormatting()) {
     if (getLinkageNameIndex())
       printLinkageName(OS, Full, const_cast<LVSymbol *>(this));
     if (LVSymbol *Reference = getReference())
       Reference->printReference(OS, Full, const_cast<LVSymbol *>(this));
+
+    // Print location information.
+    LVLocation::print(Locations, OS, Full);
   }
 }

llvm/unittests/DebugInfo/LogicalView/CMakeLists.txt

 set(LLVM_LINK_COMPONENTS
   DebugInfoLogicalView
   )
 
 add_llvm_unittest(DebugInfoLogicalViewTests
   CommandLineOptionsTest.cpp
+  LocationRangesTest.cpp
   LogicalElementsTest.cpp
   StringPoolTest.cpp
   )
 
 target_link_libraries(DebugInfoLogicalViewTests PRIVATE LLVMTestingSupport)

llvm/unittests/DebugInfo/LogicalView/LocationRangesTest.cpp

+//===- llvm/unittest/DebugInfo/LogicalView/LocationRangesTest.cpp ---------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVLine.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVReader.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVScope.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVSymbol.h"
+#include "llvm/DebugInfo/LogicalView/Core/LVType.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/ScopedPrinter.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/ToolOutputFile.h"
+#include "llvm/Testing/Support/Error.h"
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+using namespace llvm;
+using namespace llvm::logicalview;
+
+namespace {
+
+class ReaderTest : public LVReader {
+protected:
+  void add(LVScope *Parent, LVElement *Element);
+  template <typename T> T *create() {
+    T *Element = new (std::nothrow) T();
+    EXPECT_NE(Element, nullptr);
+    return Element;
+  }
+  void set(LVElement *Element, StringRef Name, LVOffset Offset,
+           uint32_t LineNumber = 0, LVElement *Type = nullptr);
+  void set(LVLocation *Location, LVLine *LowerLine, LVLine *UpperLine,
+           LVAddress LowerAddress, LVAddress UpperAddress);
+  void add(LVSymbol *Symbol, LVLine *LowerLine, LVLine *UpperLine);
+
+public:
+  ReaderTest(ScopedPrinter &W) : LVReader("", "", W) { setInstance(this); }
+
+  Error createScopes() { return LVReader::createScopes(); }
+};
+
+// Helper function to add a logical element to a given scope.
+void ReaderTest::add(LVScope *Parent, LVElement *Child) {
+  Parent->addElement(Child);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Child->getParent(), Parent);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Child->getLevel(), Parent->getLevel() + 1);
+}
+
+// Helper function to set the initial values for a given logical element.
+void ReaderTest::set(LVElement *Element, StringRef Name, LVOffset Offset,
+                     uint32_t LineNumber, LVElement *Type) {
+  Element->setName(Name);
+  Element->setOffset(Offset);
+  Element->setLineNumber(LineNumber);
+  Element->setType(Type);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Element->getName(), Name);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Element->getOffset(), Offset);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Element->getLineNumber(), LineNumber);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Element->getType(), Type);
+}
+
+// Helper function to set the initial values for a given logical location.
+void ReaderTest::set(LVLocation *Location, LVLine *LowerLine, LVLine *UpperLine,
+                     LVAddress LowerAddress, LVAddress UpperAddress) {
+  Location->setLowerLine(LowerLine);
+  Location->setUpperLine(UpperLine);
+  Location->setLowerAddress(LowerAddress);
+  Location->setUpperAddress(UpperAddress);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getLowerLine(), LowerLine);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getUpperLine(), UpperLine);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getLowerAddress(), LowerAddress);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getUpperAddress(), UpperAddress);
+}
+
+// Helper function to add a logical location to a logical symbol.
+void ReaderTest::add(LVSymbol *Symbol, LVLine *LowerLine, LVLine *UpperLine) {
+  dwarf::Attribute Attr = dwarf::DW_AT_location;
+
+  Symbol->addLocation(Attr, LowerLine->getAddress(), UpperLine->getAddress(),
+                      /*SectionOffset=*/0, /*LocDesOffset=*/0);
+}
+
+class ReaderTestLocations : public ReaderTest {
+  // Types.
+  LVType *IntegerType = nullptr;
+
+  // Scopes.
+  LVScope *NestedScope = nullptr;
+  LVScopeFunction *Function = nullptr;
+
+  // Symbols.
+  LVSymbol *LocalVariable = nullptr;
+  LVSymbol *NestedVariable = nullptr;
+  LVSymbol *Parameter = nullptr;
+
+  // Lines.
+  LVLine *LineOne = nullptr;
+  LVLine *LineTwo = nullptr;
+  LVLine *LineThree = nullptr;
+  LVLine *LineFour = nullptr;
+  LVLine *LineFive = nullptr;
+  LVLine *LineSix = nullptr;
+
+  // Locations.
+  LVLocation *LocationOne = nullptr;
+  LVLocation *LocationTwo = nullptr;
+  LVLocation *LocationThree = nullptr;
+  LVLocation *LocationFour = nullptr;
+  LVLocation *LocationFive = nullptr;
+  LVLocation *LocationSix = nullptr;
+
+public:
+  ReaderTestLocations(ScopedPrinter &W) : ReaderTest(W) {}
+
+  void createElements();
+  void addElements();
+  void initElements();
+};
+
+// Create the logical elements.
+void ReaderTestLocations::createElements() {
+  // Create scope root.
+  Error Err = createScopes();
+  ASSERT_THAT_ERROR(std::move(Err), Succeeded());
+  Root = getScopesRoot();
+  EXPECT_NE(Root, nullptr);
+
+  // Create the logical types.
+  IntegerType = create<LVType>();
+
+  // Create the logical scopes.
+  NestedScope = create<LVScope>();
+  CompileUnit = create<LVScopeCompileUnit>();
+  Function = create<LVScopeFunction>();
+
+  // Create the logical symbols.
+  LocalVariable = create<LVSymbol>();
+  NestedVariable = create<LVSymbol>();
+  Parameter = create<LVSymbol>();
+
+  // Create the logical lines.
+  LineOne = create<LVLine>();
+  LineTwo = create<LVLine>();
+  LineThree = create<LVLine>();
+  LineFour = create<LVLine>();
+  LineFive = create<LVLine>();
+  LineSix = create<LVLine>();
+
+  // Create the logical locations.
+  LocationOne = create<LVLocation>();
+  LocationTwo = create<LVLocation>();
+  LocationThree = create<LVLocation>();
+  LocationFour = create<LVLocation>();
+  LocationFive = create<LVLocation>();
+  LocationSix = create<LVLocation>();
+}
+
+// Create the logical view adding the created logical elements.
+void ReaderTestLocations::addElements() {
+  setCompileUnit(CompileUnit);
+
+  // Root
+  //   CompileUnit
+  //     IntegerType
+  //     Function
+  //       LocationOne
+  //       LocationTwo
+  //       LocationFive
+  //       LocationSix
+  //       Parameter
+  //       LocalVariable
+  //       LineOne
+  //       LineTwo
+  //       NestedScope
+  //         LocationThree
+  //         LocationFour
+  //         NestedVariable
+  //         LineThree
+  //         LineFour
+  //       LineFive
+  //       LineSix
+
+  // Add elements to Root.
+  add(Root, CompileUnit);
+
+  // Add elements to CompileUnit.
+  add(CompileUnit, IntegerType);
+  add(CompileUnit, Function);
+
+  // Add elements to Function.
+  add(Function, Parameter);
+  add(Function, LocalVariable);
+  add(Function, LineOne);
+  add(Function, LineTwo);
+  add(Function, LineFive);
+  add(Function, LineSix);
+  add(Function, NestedScope);
+
+  // Add elements to NestedScope.
+  add(NestedScope, NestedVariable);
+  add(NestedScope, LineThree);
+  add(NestedScope, LineFour);
+}
+
+// Set initial values to logical elements.
+void ReaderTestLocations::initElements() {
+  // Types.
+  set(IntegerType, "int", 0x1000);
+
+  // Scopes.
+  set(CompileUnit, "foo.cpp", 0x2000);
+  set(Function, "foo", 0x2010, 100, IntegerType);
+  set(NestedScope, "", 0x2020, 300);
+
+  // Symbols.
+  set(Parameter, "Param", 0x3000, 110, IntegerType);
+  set(LocalVariable, "LocalVariable", 0x3000, 120, IntegerType);
+  set(NestedVariable, "NestedVariable", 0x3010, 310, IntegerType);
+
+  // Lines.
+  set(LineOne, "", 0x5000, 100);
+  set(LineTwo, "", 0x5200, 200);
+  set(LineThree, "", 0x5400, 300);
+  set(LineFour, "", 0x5600, 400);
+  set(LineFive, "", 0x5800, 500);
+  set(LineSix, "", 0x6000, 600);
+
+  // Locations.
+  set(LocationOne, LineOne, LineOne, 0x5000, 0x5100);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(LocationOne->getIntervalInfo().c_str(),
+               " Lines 100:100 [0x0000005000:0x0000005100]");
+
+  set(LocationTwo, LineTwo, LineTwo, 0x5200, 0x5300);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(LocationTwo->getIntervalInfo().c_str(),
+               " Lines 200:200 [0x0000005200:0x0000005300]");
+
+  set(LocationThree, LineThree, LineThree, 0x5400, 0x5500);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(LocationThree->getIntervalInfo().c_str(),
+               " Lines 300:300 [0x0000005400:0x0000005500]");
+
+  set(LocationFour, LineFour, LineFour, 0x5600, 0x5700);
+  LocationFour->setIsAddressRange();
+  EXPECT_STREQ(LocationFour->getIntervalInfo().c_str(),
+               "{Range} Lines 400:400 [0x0000005600:0x0000005700]");
+
+  set(LocationFive, LineFive, LineFive, 0x5800, 0x5900);
+  LocationFive->setIsAddressRange();
+  EXPECT_STREQ(LocationFive->getIntervalInfo().c_str(),
+               "{Range} Lines 500:500 [0x0000005800:0x0000005900]");
+
+  set(LocationSix, LineSix, LineSix, 0x6000, 0x6100);
+  LocationSix->setIsAddressRange();
+  EXPECT_STREQ(LocationSix->getIntervalInfo().c_str(),
+               "{Range} Lines 600:600 [0x0000006000:0x0000006100]");
+
+  // Add ranges to Function.
+  // Function: LocationOne, LocationTwo, LocationFive, LocationSix
+  Function->addObject(LocationOne);
+  Function->addObject(LocationTwo);
+  Function->addObject(LocationFive);
+  Function->addObject(LocationSix);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Function->rangeCount(), 4u);
+
+  // Add ranges to NestedScope.
+  // NestedScope: LocationThree, LocationFour
+  NestedScope->addObject(LocationThree);
+  NestedScope->addObject(LocationFour);
+  EXPECT_EQ(NestedScope->rangeCount(), 2u);
+
+  // Get all ranges.
+  LVRange Ranges;
+  CompileUnit->getRanges(Ranges);
+  Ranges.startSearch();
+  EXPECT_EQ(Ranges.getEntry(0x4000), nullptr);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(Ranges.getEntry(0x5060), Function);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Ranges.getEntry(0x5850), Function);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Ranges.getEntry(0x5010, 0x5090), Function);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Ranges.getEntry(0x5210, 0x5290), Function);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Ranges.getEntry(0x5810, 0x5890), Function);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Ranges.getEntry(0x6010, 0x6090), Function);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(Ranges.getEntry(0x5400), NestedScope);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Ranges.getEntry(0x5650), NestedScope);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Ranges.getEntry(0x5410, 0x5490), NestedScope);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Ranges.getEntry(0x5610, 0x5690), NestedScope);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(Ranges.getEntry(0x8000), nullptr);
+  Ranges.endSearch();
+
+  // Add locations to symbols.
+  // Parameter:       [LineOne, LineSix]
+  // LocalVariable:   [LineTwo, LineSix], [LineFour, LineFive]
+  // NestedVariable:  [LineThree, LineFour]
+  add(Parameter, LineOne, LineSix);
+  add(LocalVariable, LineTwo, LineSix);
+  add(LocalVariable, LineFour, LineFive);
+  add(NestedVariable, LineThree, LineFour);
+
+  LVLocation *Location;
+  LVLocations Locations;
+  Parameter->getLocations(Locations);
+  ASSERT_EQ(Locations.size(), 1u);
+  Location = Locations[0];
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getLowerAddress(), LineOne->getAddress());
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getUpperAddress(), LineSix->getAddress());
+
+  Locations.clear();
+  LocalVariable->getLocations(Locations);
+  ASSERT_EQ(Locations.size(), 2u);
+  Location = Locations[0];
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getLowerAddress(), LineTwo->getAddress());
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getUpperAddress(), LineSix->getAddress());
+  Location = Locations[1];
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getLowerAddress(), LineFour->getAddress());
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getUpperAddress(), LineFive->getAddress());
+
+  Locations.clear();
+  NestedVariable->getLocations(Locations);
+  ASSERT_EQ(Locations.size(), 1u);
+  Location = Locations[0];
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getLowerAddress(), LineThree->getAddress());
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getUpperAddress(), LineFour->getAddress());
+}
+
+class ReaderTestCoverage : public ReaderTest {
+  // Types.
+  LVType *IntegerType = nullptr;
+
+  // Scopes.
+  LVScopeFunction *Function = nullptr;
+  LVScopeFunctionInlined *InlinedFunction = nullptr;
+
+  // Symbols.
+  LVSymbol *Variable = nullptr;
+  LVSymbol *Parameter = nullptr;
+
+  // Lines.
+  LVLine *LineOne = nullptr;
+  LVLine *LineTwo = nullptr;
+  LVLine *LineThree = nullptr;
+  LVLine *LineFour = nullptr;
+  LVLine *LineFive = nullptr;
+  LVLine *LineSix = nullptr;
+
+  // Locations.
+  LVLocation *LocationOne = nullptr;
+  LVLocation *LocationTwo = nullptr;
+  LVLocation *LocationThree = nullptr;
+  LVLocation *LocationFour = nullptr;
+  LVLocation *LocationFive = nullptr;
+  LVLocation *LocationSix = nullptr;
+
+public:
+  ReaderTestCoverage(ScopedPrinter &W) : ReaderTest(W) {}
+
+  void createElements();
+  void addElements();
+  void initElements();
+};
+
+// Create the logical elements.
+void ReaderTestCoverage::createElements() {
+  // Create scope root.
+  Error Err = createScopes();
+  ASSERT_THAT_ERROR(std::move(Err), Succeeded());
+  Root = getScopesRoot();
+  EXPECT_NE(Root, nullptr);
+
+  // Create the logical types.
+  IntegerType = create<LVType>();
+
+  // Create the logical scopes.
+  CompileUnit = create<LVScopeCompileUnit>();
+  Function = create<LVScopeFunction>();
+  InlinedFunction = create<LVScopeFunctionInlined>();
+
+  // Create the logical symbols.
+  Variable = create<LVSymbol>();
+  Parameter = create<LVSymbol>();
+
+  // Create the logical lines.
+  LineOne = create<LVLine>();
+  LineTwo = create<LVLine>();
+  LineThree = create<LVLine>();
+  LineFour = create<LVLine>();
+  LineFive = create<LVLine>();
+  LineSix = create<LVLine>();
+
+  // Create the logical locations.
+  LocationOne = create<LVLocation>();
+  LocationTwo = create<LVLocation>();
+  LocationThree = create<LVLocation>();
+  LocationFour = create<LVLocation>();
+  LocationFive = create<LVLocation>();
+  LocationSix = create<LVLocation>();
+}
+
+// Create the logical view adding the created logical elements.
+void ReaderTestCoverage::addElements() {
+  setCompileUnit(CompileUnit);
+
+  // Root
+  //   CompileUnit
+  //     IntegerType
+  //     Function
+  //       Ranges
+  //         [LineOne, LineOne]
+  //         [LineTwo, LineSix]
+  //         [LineSix, LineSix]
+  //       LineOne
+  //       LineTwo
+  //       InlinedFunction
+  //         Ranges
+  //           [LineFive, LineFive]
+  //         Parameter
+  //           Location
+  //             [LineThree, LineThree]
+  //         Variable
+  //           Location
+  //             [LineFour, LineFive]
+  //             [LineFive, LineSix]
+  //         LineThree
+  //         LineFour
+  //         LineFive
+  //       LineSix
+
+  // Add elements to Root.
+  add(Root, CompileUnit);
+
+  // Add elements to CompileUnit.
+  add(CompileUnit, IntegerType);
+  add(CompileUnit, Function);
+
+  // Add elements to Function.
+  add(Function, InlinedFunction);
+  add(Function, LineOne);
+  add(Function, LineTwo);
+  add(Function, LineSix);
+
+  // Add elements to function InlinedFunction.
+  add(InlinedFunction, Parameter);
+  add(InlinedFunction, Variable);
+  add(InlinedFunction, LineThree);
+  add(InlinedFunction, LineFour);
+  add(InlinedFunction, LineFive);
+}
+
+// Set initial values to logical elements.
+void ReaderTestCoverage::initElements() {
+  // Types.
+  set(IntegerType, "int", 0x1000);
+
+  // Scopes.
+  set(CompileUnit, "foo.cpp", 0x2000);
+  set(Function, "foo", 0x2500, 100, IntegerType);
+  set(InlinedFunction, "InlinedFunction", 0x3000, 300);
+
+  // Symbols.
+  set(Parameter, "Parameter", 0x3100, 310, IntegerType);
+  set(Variable, "Variable", 0x3200, 320, IntegerType);
+
+  // Lines.
+  set(LineOne, "", 0x5000, 100);
+  set(LineTwo, "", 0x5200, 200);
+  set(LineThree, "", 0x5400, 300);
+  set(LineFour, "", 0x5600, 400);
+  set(LineFive, "", 0x5800, 500);
+  set(LineSix, "", 0x6000, 600);
+
+  // Locations.
+  set(LocationOne, LineOne, LineOne, 0x5000, 0x5199);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(LocationOne->getIntervalInfo().c_str(),
+               " Lines 100:100 [0x0000005000:0x0000005199]");
+
+  set(LocationTwo, LineTwo, LineSix, 0x5200, 0x6100);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(LocationTwo->getIntervalInfo().c_str(),
+               " Lines 200:600 [0x0000005200:0x0000006100]");
+
+  set(LocationThree, LineThree, LineFive, 0x5400, 0x5800);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(LocationThree->getIntervalInfo().c_str(),
+               " Lines 300:500 [0x0000005400:0x0000005800]");
+
+  set(LocationFour, LineFour, LineFour, 0x5600, 0x5700);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(LocationFour->getIntervalInfo().c_str(),
+               " Lines 400:400 [0x0000005600:0x0000005700]");
+
+  set(LocationFive, LineFive, LineFive, 0x5800, 0x5900);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(LocationFive->getIntervalInfo().c_str(),
+               " Lines 500:500 [0x0000005800:0x0000005900]");
+
+  set(LocationSix, LineSix, LineSix, 0x6000, 0x6100);
+  EXPECT_STREQ(LocationSix->getIntervalInfo().c_str(),
+               " Lines 600:600 [0x0000006000:0x0000006100]");
+
+  // Add ranges to Function.
+  // Function: LocationOne, LocationTwo, LocationSix
+  Function->addObject(LocationOne);
+  Function->addObject(LocationTwo);
+  Function->addObject(LocationSix);
+  EXPECT_EQ(Function->rangeCount(), 3u);
+
+  // Add ranges to Inlined.
+  // Inlined: LocationFive
+  InlinedFunction->addObject(LocationFive);
+  EXPECT_EQ(InlinedFunction->rangeCount(), 1u);
+
+  // Add locations to symbols.
+  // Parameter: [LineThree, LineThree]
+  // Variable:  [LineFour, LineFive], [LineFive, LineSix]
+  add(Parameter, LineThree, LineThree);
+  add(Variable, LineFour, LineFive);
+  add(Variable, LineFive, LineSix);
+
+  CompileUnit->processRangeLocationCoverage();
+
+  LVLocation *Location;
+  LVLocations Locations;
+  Parameter->getLocations(Locations);
+  ASSERT_EQ(Locations.size(), 1u);
+  Location = Locations[0];
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getLowerAddress(), LineThree->getAddress());
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getUpperAddress(), LineThree->getAddress());
+
+  Locations.clear();
+  Variable->getLocations(Locations);
+  ASSERT_EQ(Locations.size(), 2u);
+  Location = Locations[0];
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getLowerAddress(), LineFour->getAddress());
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getUpperAddress(), LineFive->getAddress());
+  Location = Locations[1];
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getLowerAddress(), LineFive->getAddress());
+  EXPECT_EQ(Location->getUpperAddress(), LineSix->getAddress());
+
+  // Test the changes done to 'LVScope::outermostParent' to use the
+  // ranges allocated int the current scope during the scopes traversal.
+  // These are the pre-conditions for the symbol:
+  // - Its parent must be an inlined function.
+  // - Have more than one location description.
+
+  // Before the changes: Parameter: CoveragePercentage = 100.00
+  // After the changes:  Parameter: CoveragePercentage = 100.00
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(Parameter->getCoveragePercentage(), 100.00);
+
+  // Before the changes: Variable: CoveragePercentage = 1000.00
+  // After the changes:  Variable: CoveragePercentage = 56.83
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(Variable->getCoveragePercentage(), 56.83);
+}
+
+TEST(LogicalViewTest, LocationRanges) {
+  ScopedPrinter W(outs());
+  ReaderTestLocations Reader(W);
+
+  // Reader options.
+  LVOptions ReaderOptions;
+  ReaderOptions.setAttributeOffset();
+  ReaderOptions.setPrintAll();
+  ReaderOptions.resolveDependencies();
+  options().setOptions(&ReaderOptions);
+
+  Reader.createElements();
+  Reader.addElements();
+  Reader.initElements();
+}
+
+TEST(LogicalViewTest, LocationCoverage) {
+  ScopedPrinter W(outs());
+  ReaderTestCoverage Reader(W);
+
+  // Reader options.
+  LVOptions ReaderOptions;
+  ReaderOptions.setAttributeOffset();
+  ReaderOptions.setAttributeRange();
+  ReaderOptions.setAttributeLocation();
+  ReaderOptions.setPrintAll();
+  ReaderOptions.resolveDependencies();
+  options().setOptions(&ReaderOptions);
+
+  Reader.createElements();
+  Reader.addElements();
+  Reader.initElements();
+}
+
+} // namespace