[IRSim] Adding structural comparison to IRSimilarityCandidate.

[AndrewLitteken]

Summary

Just because sequences of instructions are similar to one another, doesn't mean they are doing the same thing.

This introduces a structural check for the IRSimilarityCandidate that compares two IRSimilarityCandidates against one another, and in each instruction creates a mapping between the operands and results, or checks that the existing mapping is valid. If this check passes, it means we have structurally similar IRSimilarityCandidates.

Tests for whether the candidates are found in unittests/Analysis/IRSimilarityIdentifierTest.cpp.

[AndrewLitteken]

Updating for clang-format.

[AndrewLitteken]

Updating SmallVectors to ArrayRefs, related to comment by @jroelofs in https://reviews.llvm.org/D87311.

[jroelofs]

llvm/lib/Analysis/IRSimilarityIdentifier.cpp

362

does this iterator have an operator->()?

[AndrewLitteken]

Updating iterator use.

[jroelofs]

LGTM, with some optional suggestions.

llvm/include/llvm/Analysis/IRSimilarityIdentifier.h

405

464–468

Functions with a ton of parameters like this can sometimes get a bit unwieldy, but this one has an obvious structure that could be taken advantage of. What do you think about making the signature be:

struct OperandMapping {
  const IRSimilarityCandidate &IRSC;
  ArrayRef<Value *> &OperVals;
  DenseMap<unsigned, DenseSet<unsigned>> &ValueNumberMapping;
};

static bool compareOperandMapping(OperandMapping A, OperandMapping B);

Then the call site is just:

compareOperandMapping({ A, OperVals, ValueNumberMapping },
                      { B, OtherOperVals, OtherValueNumberMapping });

and everything gets grouped succinctly.

llvm/lib/Analysis/IRSimilarityIdentifier.cpp

341

In here, all the names are Thing/OtherThing-ish, whereas in compareOperandMapping they're AThing/BThing-ish. I think it'd be helpful to keep the latter style to have them consistent.

[AndrewLitteken]

llvm/include/llvm/Analysis/IRSimilarityIdentifier.h

464–468

I think that would definitely make it easier to work with from the outside. I'll change it to this style.

[AndrewLitteken]

Updating to reduce complexity of function call.

[jroelofs]

update LGTM too

llvm/include/llvm/Analysis/IRSimilarityIdentifier.h

 /// %add1 = add i32 %a, c1    %add1 -> 3, %a -> 1, c1 -> 2
 /// %add2 = add i32 %a, %1    %add2 -> 4
 /// %add3 = add i32 c2, c1    %add3 -> 6, c2 -> 5
 ///
 /// We can compare IRSimilarityCandidates against one another.
 /// The \ref isSimilar function compares each IRInstructionData against one
 /// another and if we have the same sequences of IRInstructionData that would
 /// create the same hash, we have similar IRSimilarityCandidates.
+///
+/// We can also compare the structure of IRSimilarityCandidates. If we can
+/// create a mapping of registers in the region contained by one
+/// IRSimilarityCandidate to the region contained by different
+/// IRSimilarityCandidate, they can be considered structurally similar.
+///
+/// IRSimilarityCandidate1:   IRSimilarityCandidate2:
+/// %add1 = add i32 %a, %b    %add1 = add i32 %d, %e
+/// %add2 = add i32 %a, %c    %add2 = add i32 %d, %f
+/// %add3 = add i32 c1, c2    %add3 = add i32 c3, c4
+///
+/// Can have the following mapping from candidate to candidate of:
+/// %a -> %d, %b -> %e, %c -> %f, c1 -> c3, c2 -> c4
+/// and can be considered similar.
+///
+/// IRSimilarityCandidate1:   IRSimilarityCandidate2:
+/// %add1 = add i32 %a, %b    %add1 = add i32 %d, c4
+/// %add2 = add i32 %a, %c    %add2 = add i32 %d, %f
+/// %add3 = add i32 c1, c2    %add3 = add i32 c3, c4
+///
+/// We cannot create the same mapping since the use of c4 is not used in the
+/// same was as %b or c2.
 class IRSimilarityCandidate {
 private:
   /// The start index of this IRSimilarityCandidate in the instruction list.
   unsigned StartIdx = 0;
 
   /// The number of instructions in this IRSimilarityCandidate.
   unsigned Len = 0;
 
IRSimilarityCandidate(unsigned StartIdx, unsigned Len,
                         IRInstructionData *LastInstIt);
 
   /// \param A - The first IRInstructionCandidate to compare.
   /// \param B - The second IRInstructionCandidate to compare.
   /// \returns True when every IRInstructionData in \p A is similar to every
   /// IRInstructionData in \p B.
   static bool isSimilar(const IRSimilarityCandidate &A,
                         const IRSimilarityCandidate &B);
+
+  /// \param A - The first IRInstructionCandidate to compare.
+  /// \param B - The second IRInstructionCandidate to compare.
+  /// \returns True when every IRInstructionData in \p A is structurally similar
+  /// to \p B.
+  static bool compareStructure(const IRSimilarityCandidate &A,
+                               const IRSimilarityCandidate &B);
+
+  /// Compare the operands in \p A and \p B and check that the current mapping
+  /// of global value numbers from \p A to \p B and \p B to \A is consistent.
+  ///
+  /// \param A - the first IRInstructionCandidate to compare.
+  /// \param B - The second IRInstructionCandidate to compare.
+  /// \param OperValsA - The operands in the instruction from \p A.
+  /// \param OperValsB - The operands in the instruction from \p B.
+  /// \param ValueNumberMappingA - The current mapping of global values
+  /// numbering from \p A to \p B.
+  /// \param ValueNumberMappingB - The current mapping of global values
+  /// numbering from \p B to \p A.
+  /// \returns true if the IRSimilarityCandidates operands are compatible.
+  static bool compareOperandMapping(
+      const IRSimilarityCandidate &A, const IRSimilarityCandidate &B,
+      ArrayRef<Value *> &OperValsA, ArrayRef<Value *> &OperValsB,
+      DenseMap<unsigned, DenseSet<unsigned>> &ValueNumberMappingA,
+      DenseMap<unsigned, DenseSet<unsigned>> &ValueNumberMappingB);
+
   /// Compare the start and end indices of the two IRSimilarityCandidates for
   /// whether they overlap. If the start instruction of one
   /// IRSimilarityCandidate is less than the end instruction of the other, and
   /// the start instruction of one is greater than the start instruction of the
   /// other, they overlap.
   ///
   /// \returns true if the IRSimilarityCandidates do not have overlapping
   /// instructions.
public:
   bool operator<(const IRSimilarityCandidate &RHS) const {
     return getStartIdx() > RHS.getStartIdx();
   }
 
   using iterator = IRInstructionDataList::iterator;
   iterator begin() const { return iterator(front()); }
   iterator end() const { return std::next(iterator(back())); }
 };
+
 } // end namespace IRSimilarity
 } // end namespace llvm
 
 #endif // LLVM_ANALYSIS_IRSIMILARITYIDENTIFIER_H

llvm/lib/Analysis/IRSimilarityIdentifier.cpp

auto InstrDataForBoth =
       zip(make_range(A.begin(), A.end()), make_range(B.begin(), B.end()));
 
   return all_of(InstrDataForBoth,
                 [](std::tuple<IRInstructionData &, IRInstructionData &> R) {
                   return isClose(std::get<0>(R), std::get<1>(R));
                 });
 }
 
+/// Determine if operand number \p TargetArgVal is in the current mapping set
+/// for operand number \p SourceArgVal.
+///
+/// \param [in, out] CurrentSrcTgtNumberMapping current mapping of global
+/// value numbers from source IRSimilarityCandidate to target
+/// IRSimilarityCandidate.
+/// \param [in] SourceArgVal The global value number for an operand in the
+/// in the original candidate.
+/// \param [in] TargetArgVal The global value number for the corresponding
+/// operand in the other candidate.
+/// \returns True if there exists a mapping and false if not.
+bool checkNumberingAndReplace(
+    DenseMap<unsigned, DenseSet<unsigned>> &CurrentSrcTgtNumberMapping,
+    unsigned SourceArgVal, unsigned TargetArgVal) {
+  // We are given two unsigned integers representing the global values of
+  // the operands in different IRSimilarityCandidates and a current mapping
+  // between the two.
+  //
+  // Source Operand GVN: 1
+  // Target Operand GVN: 2
+  // CurrentMapping: {1: {1, 2}}
+  //
+  // Since we have mapping, and the target operand is contained in the set, we
+  // update it to:
+  // CurrentMapping: {1: {2}}
+  // and can return true. But, if the mapping was
+  // CurrentMapping: {1: {3}}
+  // we would return false.
+
+  bool WasInserted;
+  DenseMap<unsigned, DenseSet<unsigned>>::iterator Val;
+
+  std::tie(Val, WasInserted) = CurrentSrcTgtNumberMapping.insert(
+      std::make_pair(SourceArgVal, DenseSet<unsigned>({TargetArgVal})));
+
+  // If we created a new mapping, then we are done.
+  if (WasInserted)
+    return true;
+
+  // If there is more than one option in the mapping set, and the target value
+  // is included in the mapping set replace that set with one that only includes
+  // the target value, as it is the only valid mapping via the non commutative
+  // instruction.
+
+  DenseSet<unsigned> &TargetSet = Val->second;
+  if (TargetSet.size() > 1 && TargetSet.find(TargetArgVal) != TargetSet.end()) {
+    TargetSet.clear();
+    TargetSet.insert(TargetArgVal);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Return true if we can find the value in the set.
+  return TargetSet.find(TargetArgVal) != TargetSet.end();
+}
+
+bool IRSimilarityCandidate::compareOperandMapping(
+    const IRSimilarityCandidate &A, const IRSimilarityCandidate &B,
+    ArrayRef<Value *> &OperValsA, ArrayRef<Value *> &OperValsB,
+    DenseMap<unsigned, DenseSet<unsigned>> &ValueNumberMappingA,
+    DenseMap<unsigned, DenseSet<unsigned>> &ValueNumberMappingB) {
+  // Iterators to keep track of where we are in the operands for each
+  // Instruction.
+  ArrayRef<Value *>::iterator VIt = OperValsA.begin();
+  ArrayRef<Value *>::iterator OVIt = OperValsB.begin();
+  unsigned OperandLength = OperValsA.size();
+
+  // For each operand, get the value numbering and ensure it is consistent.
+  for (unsigned Idx = 0; Idx < OperandLength; Idx++, VIt++, OVIt++) {
+    unsigned OperValA = A.ValueToNumber.find(*VIt)->second;
+    unsigned OperValB = B.ValueToNumber.find(*OVIt)->second;
+
+    // Attempt to add a set with only the target value.  If there is no mapping
+    // we can create it here.
+    //
+    // For an instruction like a subtraction:
+    // IRSimilarityCandidateA:  IRSimilarityCandidateB:
+    // %resultA = sub %a, %b    %resultB = sub %d, %e
+    //
+    // We map %a -> %d and %b -> %e.
+    //
+    // And check to see whether their mapping is consistent in
+    // checkNumberingAndReplace.
+
+    if (!checkNumberingAndReplace(ValueNumberMappingA, OperValA, OperValB))
+      return false;
+
+    if (!checkNumberingAndReplace(ValueNumberMappingB, OperValB, OperValA))
+      return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool IRSimilarityCandidate::compareStructure(const IRSimilarityCandidate &A,
+                                             const IRSimilarityCandidate &B) {
+  if (A.getLength() != B.getLength())
+    return false;
+
+  if (A.ValueToNumber.size() != B.ValueToNumber.size())
+    return false;
+
+  iterator It = A.begin();
+  iterator OIt = B.begin();
+
+  // These sets create a create a mapping between the values in one candidate
+  // to values in the other candidate.  If we create a set with one element,
+  // and that same element maps to the original element in the candidate
+  // we have a good mapping.
+  DenseMap<unsigned, DenseSet<unsigned>> ValueNumberMapping;
+  DenseMap<unsigned, DenseSet<unsigned>> OtherValueNumberMapping;
+  DenseMap<unsigned, DenseSet<unsigned>>::iterator ValueMappingIt;
+
+  bool WasInserted;
+
+  // Iterate over the instructions contained in each candidate
+  unsigned SectionLength = A.getStartIdx() + A.getLength();
+  for (unsigned Loc = A.getStartIdx(); Loc < SectionLength;
+       It++, OIt++, Loc++) {
+    // Make sure the instructions are similar to one another.
+    if (!isClose(*It, *OIt))
+      return false;
+
+    Instruction *I = (*It).Inst;
+    Instruction *OI = (*OIt).Inst;
+
+    if (!(*It).Legal || !(*OIt).Legal)
+      return false;
+
+    // Get the operand sets for the instructions.
+    ArrayRef<Value *> OperVals = (*It).OperVals;
+    ArrayRef<Value *> OtherOperVals = (*OIt).OperVals;
+
+    unsigned InstVal = A.ValueToNumber.find(I)->second;
+    unsigned OtherInstVal = B.ValueToNumber.find(OI)->second;
+
+    // Ensure that the mappings for the instructions exists.
+    std::tie(ValueMappingIt, WasInserted) = ValueNumberMapping.insert(
+        std::make_pair(InstVal, DenseSet<unsigned>({OtherInstVal})));
+    if (!WasInserted && ValueMappingIt->second.find(OtherInstVal) ==
+                            ValueMappingIt->second.end())
+      return false;
+
+    std::tie(ValueMappingIt, WasInserted) = OtherValueNumberMapping.insert(
+        std::make_pair(OtherInstVal, DenseSet<unsigned>({InstVal})));
+    if (!WasInserted && ValueMappingIt->second.find(OtherInstVal) ==
+                            ValueMappingIt->second.end())
+      return false;
+
+    // TODO: Handle commutative instructions by mapping one operand to many
+    // operands instead only mapping a single operand to a single operand.
+    if (!compareOperandMapping(A, B, OperVals, OtherOperVals,
+                               ValueNumberMapping, OtherValueNumberMapping))
+      return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
 bool IRSimilarityCandidate::overlap(const IRSimilarityCandidate &A,
                                     const IRSimilarityCandidate &B) {
   if (A.StartIdx <= B.getEndIdx() && A.StartIdx >= B.StartIdx)
     return true;
   if (B.StartIdx <= A.getEndIdx() && B.StartIdx >= A.StartIdx)
     return true;
 
   return false;
 }

llvm/unittests/Analysis/IRSimilarityIdentifierTest.cpp

TEST(IRInstructionMapper, RepeatedIllegalLength) {
 
   // Make sure that the unsigned vector is the expected size.
   ASSERT_TRUE(UnsignedVec.size() == 6);
 }
 
 // A helper function that accepts an instruction list from a module made up of
 // two blocks of two legal instructions and terminator, and checks them for
 // instruction similarity.
-static bool longSimCandCompare(std::vector<IRInstructionData *> &InstrList) {
+static bool longSimCandCompare(std::vector<IRInstructionData *> &InstrList,
+                               bool Structure = false) {
 
   std::vector<IRInstructionData *>::iterator Start, End;
 
   Start = InstrList.begin();
   End = InstrList.begin();
 
   std::advance(End, 1);
   IRSimilarityCandidate Cand1(0, 2, *Start, *End);
 
   Start = InstrList.begin();
   End = InstrList.begin();
 
   std::advance(Start, 3);
   std::advance(End, 4);
   IRSimilarityCandidate Cand2(3, 2, *Start, *End);
+  if (Structure)
+    return IRSimilarityCandidate::compareStructure(Cand1, Cand2);
   return IRSimilarityCandidate::isSimilar(Cand1, Cand2);
 }
 
 // Checks that two adds with commuted operands are considered to be the same
 // instructions.
 TEST(IRSimilarityCandidate, CheckIdenticalInstructions) {
   StringRef ModuleString = R"(
                           define i32 @f(i32 %a, i32 %b) {
TEST(IRSimilarityCandidate, IllegalInCandidate) {
   Start = InstrList.begin();
   End = InstrList.begin();
 
   std::advance(Start, 3);
   std::advance(End, 5);
   IRSimilarityCandidate Cand2(3, 3, *Start, *End);
   ASSERT_FALSE(IRSimilarityCandidate::isSimilar(Cand1, Cand2));
 }
+
+// Checks that different structure, in this case, where we introduce a new
+// needed input in one region, is recognized as different.
+TEST(IRSimilarityCandidate, DifferentStructure) {
+  StringRef ModuleString = R"(
+                          define i32 @f(i32 %a, i32 %b) {
+                          bb0:
+                             %0 = add i32 %a, %b
+                             %1 = add i32 %b, %a
+                             ret i32 0
+                          bb1:
+                             %2 = add i32 %a, %b
+                             %3 = add i32 %b, %0
+                             ret i32 0
+                          })";
+  LLVMContext Context;
+  std::unique_ptr<Module> M = makeLLVMModule(Context, ModuleString);
+
+  std::vector<IRInstructionData *> InstrList;
+  std::vector<unsigned> UnsignedVec;
+
+  getVectors(*M, InstrList, UnsignedVec);
+
+  // Check to make sure that we have a long enough region.
+  ASSERT_EQ(InstrList.size(), static_cast<unsigned>(6));
+  // Check that the instructions were added correctly to both vectors.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(InstrList.size() == UnsignedVec.size());
+
+  ASSERT_FALSE(longSimCandCompare(InstrList, true));
+}
+
+// Checks that the same structure is recognized between two candidates. The
+// items %a and %b are used in the same way in both sets of instructions.
+TEST(IRSimilarityCandidate, SameStructure) {
+  StringRef ModuleString = R"(
+                          define i32 @f(i32 %a, i32 %b) {
+                          bb0:
+                             %0 = add i32 %a, %b
+                             %1 = sub i32 %b, %a
+                             ret i32 0
+                          bb1:
+                             %2 = add i32 %a, %b
+                             %3 = sub i32 %b, %a
+                             ret i32 0
+                          })";
+  LLVMContext Context;
+  std::unique_ptr<Module> M = makeLLVMModule(Context, ModuleString);
+
+  std::vector<IRInstructionData *> InstrList;
+  std::vector<unsigned> UnsignedVec;
+
+  getVectors(*M, InstrList, UnsignedVec);
+
+  // Check to make sure that we have a long enough region.
+  ASSERT_EQ(InstrList.size(), static_cast<unsigned>(6));
+  // Check that the instructions were added correctly to both vectors.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(InstrList.size() == UnsignedVec.size());
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(longSimCandCompare(InstrList, true));
+}
+
+// Checks that the same structure is recognized between two candidates. While
+// the input names are reversed, they still perform the same overall operation.
+TEST(IRSimilarityCandidate, DifferentNameSameStructure) {
+  StringRef ModuleString = R"(
+                          define i32 @f(i32 %a, i32 %b) {
+                          bb0:
+                             %0 = add i32 %a, %b
+                             %1 = add i32 %b, %a
+                             ret i32 0
+                          bb1:
+                             %2 = add i32 %b, %a
+                             %3 = add i32 %a, %b
+                             ret i32 0
+                          })";
+  LLVMContext Context;
+  std::unique_ptr<Module> M = makeLLVMModule(Context, ModuleString);
+
+  std::vector<IRInstructionData *> InstrList;
+  std::vector<unsigned> UnsignedVec;
+
+  getVectors(*M, InstrList, UnsignedVec);
+
+  // Check to make sure that we have a long enough region.
+  ASSERT_EQ(InstrList.size(), static_cast<unsigned>(6));
+  // Check that the instructions were added correctly to both vectors.
+  ASSERT_TRUE(InstrList.size() == UnsignedVec.size());
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(longSimCandCompare(InstrList, true));
+}