[llvm][AArch64] Explain why certain registers are reserved on Arm64EC

[DavidSpickett]

Summary

This extends 4658366d95d5e398baad956225cc4ba339d5b037 to add a note
explaining why the register is reserved.

note: x13 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.

I've added testing for w/x registers and v/q/s/d and h floating point
registers.

llvm will accept, but silently do nothing with, b registers. So they
are not tested here (clang rejects them so at least for C you're safe anyway).

[DavidSpickett]

llvm/lib/Target/AArch64/AArch64RegisterInfo.cpp

333

This could be a little more precise, like: "when using Arm64EC (which you are)". "due to the Arm64EC ABI"? Not sure.

Ideas welcome if you think it's not clear enough as is.

[efriedma]

LGTM

llvm/lib/Target/AArch64/AArch64RegisterInfo.cpp

333

Maybe "when building for Arm64EC"? I don't think we need to be too concerned here; the reference to Arm64EC should make it obvious to anyone dealing with it.

llvm/lib/Target/AArch64/AArch64RegisterInfo.cpp

 //===- AArch64RegisterInfo.cpp - AArch64 Register Information -------------===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // This file contains the AArch64 implementation of the TargetRegisterInfo
 // class.
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 #include "AArch64RegisterInfo.h"
 #include "AArch64FrameLowering.h"
 #include "AArch64InstrInfo.h"
 #include "AArch64MachineFunctionInfo.h"
 #include "AArch64Subtarget.h"
 #include "MCTargetDesc/AArch64AddressingModes.h"
+#include "MCTargetDesc/AArch64InstPrinter.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/BitVector.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/Triple.h"
 #include "llvm/BinaryFormat/Dwarf.h"
 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFrameInfo.h"
 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineInstrBuilder.h"
 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineRegisterInfo.h"
 #include "llvm/CodeGen/RegisterScavenging.h"
 #include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetFrameLowering.h"

 
 const uint32_t *AArch64RegisterInfo::getWindowsStackProbePreservedMask() const {
   return CSR_AArch64_StackProbe_Windows_RegMask;
 }
 
 llvm::Optional<std::string>
 AArch64RegisterInfo::explainReservedReg(const MachineFunction &MF,
                                         MCRegister PhysReg) const {
-  if (hasBasePointer(MF) &&
-      (PhysReg == AArch64::X19 || PhysReg == AArch64::W19))
+  if (hasBasePointer(MF) && MCRegisterInfo::regsOverlap(PhysReg, AArch64::X19))
     return std::string("X19 is used as the frame base pointer register.");
 
+  if (MF.getSubtarget<AArch64Subtarget>().isWindowsArm64EC()) {
+    bool warn = false;
+    if (MCRegisterInfo::regsOverlap(PhysReg, AArch64::X13) ||
+        MCRegisterInfo::regsOverlap(PhysReg, AArch64::X14) ||
+        MCRegisterInfo::regsOverlap(PhysReg, AArch64::X23) ||
+        MCRegisterInfo::regsOverlap(PhysReg, AArch64::X24) ||
+        MCRegisterInfo::regsOverlap(PhysReg, AArch64::X28))
+      warn = true;
+
+    for (unsigned i = AArch64::B16; i <= AArch64::B31; ++i)
+      if (MCRegisterInfo::regsOverlap(PhysReg, i))
+        warn = true;
+
+    if (warn)
+      return std::string(AArch64InstPrinter::getRegisterName(PhysReg)) +
+             " is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.";
+  }
+
   return {};
 }
 
 BitVector
 AArch64RegisterInfo::getStrictlyReservedRegs(const MachineFunction &MF) const {
   const AArch64FrameLowering *TFI = getFrameLowering(MF);
 
   // FIXME: avoid re-calculating this every time.

llvm/test/CodeGen/AArch64/inline-asm-clobber-arm64ec.ll

+; RUN: llc <%s -mtriple=arm64ec-pc-windows-msvc 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+; Check that we warn that x13, x14, x23, x24, x28 and float regs v16-v31
+; will be clobbered on Arm64EC. With a note explaining the reason.
+
+; CHECK: warning: inline asm clobber list contains reserved registers: X13, X14, X23, X24, X28
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: Reserved registers on the clobber list may not be preserved across the asm statement, and clobbering them may lead to undefined behaviour.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: x13 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: x14 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: x23 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: x24 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: x28 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+
+define void @fn_x() {
+entry:
+  call void asm sideeffect "nop", "~{x13},~{x14},~{x23},~{x24},~{x28}"()
+  ret void
+}
+
+; CHECK: warning: inline asm clobber list contains reserved registers: W13, W14, W23, W24, W28
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: Reserved registers on the clobber list may not be preserved across the asm statement, and clobbering them may lead to undefined behaviour.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: w13 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: w14 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: w23 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: w24 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: w28 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+
+define void @fn_w() {
+entry:
+  call void asm sideeffect "nop", "~{w13},~{w14},~{w23},~{w24},~{w28}"()
+  ret void
+}
+
+; CHECK: warning: inline asm clobber list contains reserved registers: Q16, Q17, Q18, Q19, Q20, Q21, Q22, Q23, Q24, Q25, Q26, Q27, Q28, Q29, Q30, Q31
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: Reserved registers on the clobber list may not be preserved across the asm statement, and clobbering them may lead to undefined behaviour.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q16 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q17 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q18 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q19 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q20 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q21 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q22 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q23 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q24 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q25 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q26 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q27 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q28 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q29 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q30 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: q31 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+
+; Aka "Q" registers.
+define void @fn_float_v() {
+entry:
+  call void asm sideeffect "nop", "~{v16},~{v17},~{v18},~{v19},~{v20},~{v21},~{v22},~{v23},~{v24},~{v25},~{v26},~{v27},~{v28},~{v29},~{v30},~{v31}"()
+  ret void
+}
+
+; CHECK: warning: inline asm clobber list contains reserved registers: D16, D17, D18, D19, D20, D21, D22, D23, D24, D25, D26, D27, D28, D29, D30, D31
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: Reserved registers on the clobber list may not be preserved across the asm statement, and clobbering them may lead to undefined behaviour.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d16 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d17 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d18 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d19 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d20 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d21 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d22 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d23 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d24 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d25 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d26 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d27 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d28 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d29 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d30 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: d31 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+
+define void @fn_float_d() {
+entry:
+  call void asm sideeffect "nop", "~{d16},~{d17},~{d18},~{d19},~{d20},~{d21},~{d22},~{d23},~{d24},~{d25},~{d26},~{d27},~{d28},~{d29},~{d30},~{d31}"()
+  ret void
+}
+
+; CHECK: warning: inline asm clobber list contains reserved registers: S16, S17, S18, S19, S20, S21, S22, S23, S24, S25, S26, S27, S28, S29, S30, S31
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: Reserved registers on the clobber list may not be preserved across the asm statement, and clobbering them may lead to undefined behaviour.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s16 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s17 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s18 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s19 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s20 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s21 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s22 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s23 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s24 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s25 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s26 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s27 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s28 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s29 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s30 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: s31 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+
+define void @fn_float_s() {
+entry:
+  call void asm sideeffect "nop", "~{s16},~{s17},~{s18},~{s19},~{s20},~{s21},~{s22},~{s23},~{s24},~{s25},~{s26},~{s27},~{s28},~{s29},~{s30},~{s31}"()
+  ret void
+}
+
+; CHECK: warning: inline asm clobber list contains reserved registers: H16, H17, H18, H19, H20, H21, H22, H23, H24, H25, H26, H27, H28, H29, H30, H31
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: Reserved registers on the clobber list may not be preserved across the asm statement, and clobbering them may lead to undefined behaviour.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h16 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h17 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h18 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h19 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h20 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h21 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h22 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h23 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h24 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h25 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h26 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h27 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h28 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h29 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h30 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+; CHECK-NEXT: note: h31 is clobbered by asynchronous signals when using Arm64EC.
+
+define void @fn_float_h() {
+entry:
+  call void asm sideeffect "nop", "~{h16},~{h17},~{h18},~{h19},~{h20},~{h21},~{h22},~{h23},~{h24},~{h25},~{h26},~{h27},~{h28},~{h29},~{h30},~{h31}"()
+  ret void
+}
+
+; llvm does not currently handle the B registers so they are not tested.