Android added quick_exit()/at_quick_exit() in API level 21,
aligned_alloc() in API level 28, and timespec_get() in API level 29,
but has the other C11 features at all API levels (since they're basically
just coming from clang directly).
_LIBCPP_HAS_QUICK_EXIT and _LIBCPP_HAS_TIMESPEC_GET already existed,
so we can reuse them. (And use _LIBCPP_HAS_TIMESPEC_GET in a few more
places where _LIBCPP_HAS_C11_FEATURES has been used as a proxy. This
isn't correct for Android.)
_LIBCPP_HAS_ALIGNED_ALLOC is added, to cover aligned_alloc() (obviously).
Add a missing std:: before aligned_alloc in a cstdlib test, and remove a
couple of !defined(_WIN32)s now that we're explicitly testing
TEST_HAS_ALIGNED_ALLOC rather than TEST_HAS_C11_FEATURES.