Initial contribution of llgo, a Go frontend

[ruiu]

I'll read this patch as much as possible and try to get the whole picture. But because much of the code is already reviewed by llgo developers, I don't assume that the same level of code review as other patches is needed. I'll mainly look for obvious red signals (if exists).

[chandlerc]

So, I think the important question here is -- should this go (ba-dum!) in a
separate subproject much the way clang, lld, and lldb do? I think the
answer is "yes".

CC-ing Chris for comment on this.

2014-11-19 15:51 GMT-06:00 Peter Collingbourne <[e-mail]>:

Hi ruiu, chandlerc,

http://reviews.llvm.org/D6327

Files:

cmake/modules/AddLLVM.cmake
tools/CMakeLists.txt
tools/llgo/.gitignore
tools/llgo/CMakeLists.txt
tools/llgo/LICENSE.TXT
tools/llgo/README.TXT
tools/llgo/build/context.go
tools/llgo/cmd/cc-wrapper/main.go
tools/llgo/cmd/gllgo/gllgo.go
tools/llgo/debug/debug.go
tools/llgo/irgen/annotations.go
tools/llgo/irgen/attribute.go
tools/llgo/irgen/builtins.go
tools/llgo/irgen/cabi.go
tools/llgo/irgen/call.go
tools/llgo/irgen/channels.go
tools/llgo/irgen/closures.go
tools/llgo/irgen/compiler.go
tools/llgo/irgen/errors.go
tools/llgo/irgen/indirect.go
tools/llgo/irgen/interfaces.go
tools/llgo/irgen/maps.go
tools/llgo/irgen/parser.go
tools/llgo/irgen/predicates.go
tools/llgo/irgen/println.go
tools/llgo/irgen/runtime.go
tools/llgo/irgen/slice.go
tools/llgo/irgen/ssa.go
tools/llgo/irgen/strings.go
tools/llgo/irgen/targets.go
tools/llgo/irgen/typemap.go
tools/llgo/irgen/types.go
tools/llgo/irgen/utils.go
tools/llgo/irgen/value.go
tools/llgo/irgen/version.go
tools/llgo/libgo-noext.diff
tools/llgo/llgo-go.sh
tools/llgo/ssaopt/esc.go
tools/llgo/test/CMakeLists.txt
tools/llgo/test/debuginfo/emptyname.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/Inputs/init2.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/arrays/compare.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/arrays/index.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/arrays/range.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/arrays/slice.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/arrays.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/binop.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/dereferencing.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/multi.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/namedresult.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/branching/goto.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/branching/labeled.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/chan/buffered.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/chan/range.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/chan/select.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/chan/self.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/circulartype.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/closures/basic.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/closures/issue176.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/complex.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/const.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/conversions/complex.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/conversions/float.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/conversions/int.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/conversions/sameunderlying.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/defer.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/errors/recover.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/for/branch.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/fun.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/functions/compare.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/functions/multivalue.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/functions/unreachable.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/go.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/if/lazy.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/init.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/assert.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/basic.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/comparei2i.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/comparei2v.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/e2i_conversion.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/embedded.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/error.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/i2i_conversion.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/import.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/methods.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/static_conversion.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/wordsize.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/literals/array.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/literals/func.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/literals/map.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/literals/slice.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/literals/struct.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/maps/delete.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/maps/insert.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/maps/lookup.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/maps/range.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/methods/methodvalues.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/methods/nilrecv.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/methods/selectors.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/new.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/nil.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/operators/basics.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/operators/binary_untyped.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/operators/shifts.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/append.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/cap.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/compare.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/copy.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/index.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/literal.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/make.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/sliceexpr.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/add.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/bytes.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/compare.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/index.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/range.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/runetostring.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/slice.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/structs/compare.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/structs/embed.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/switch/branch.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/switch/default.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/switch/empty.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/switch/scope.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/switch/strings.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/switch/type.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/types/named.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/types/recursive.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/unsafe/const_sizeof.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/unsafe/offsetof.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/unsafe/pointer.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/unsafe/sizeof_array.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/unsafe/sizeof_basic.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/unsafe/sizeof_struct.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/var.go
tools/llgo/test/execution/varargs.go
tools/llgo/test/gllgo/dead.go
tools/llgo/test/irgen/mangling.go
tools/llgo/test/lit.cfg
tools/llgo/test/lit.site.cfg.in
tools/llgo/update_third_party.sh
tools/llgo/utils/benchcomp/README
tools/llgo/utils/benchcomp/analyze.R
tools/llgo/utils/benchcomp/main.go
tools/llvm-go/llvm-go.go

---

llvm-commits mailing list
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[silvas]

tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/namedresult.go

2–5

If I'm understanding this use of go run correctly, this seems like a very strange testing strategy for the LLVM project.

It would be as though clang's tests used gcc or msvc as a testing tool and only tested the output of compiled programs.

Is there a reason you haven't organized your testing like clang? I.e. verifying the compiler's IRGen and diagnostics?

[pcc]

tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/namedresult.go

2–5

Most of the tests in test/execution are from an earlier stage of the project when it was more experimental. I agree with you -- at this point, there is no excuse for making them depend on the output of another compiler.

I'll see if I can rewrite them to use FileCheck to check the command output. I also intend to gradually make these tests more focused and move them into the other subdirectories of test, but that will take time.

[pcc]

• List supported platforms in README
• Filter libgo_*san targets based on available sanitizers
• FileCheck-ify the execution tests

tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/namedresult.go

2–5

Done.

[emaste]

tools/llgo/README.TXT

18–19

Could you add a brief high-level description of platform-specific code required? I.e., where should someone who wants to support other platforms start looking?

[ruiu]

So far it looks pretty good. First round of review.

These comments are mostly nitpicky stuff, and I don't think we want to address them in this patch.If we do, this patch will become a port from the git repostioy plus various different kind of fixes. I left these comments just because I noticed them and didn't want to lose it. If something needs to be addressed, I think it's better to fix in a follow-up patch.

tools/llgo/CMakeLists.txt

45

Why do you use locally built clang to build go? Can't it compile with system's C/C++ compiler?

tools/llgo/build/context.go

66

The regular expressions were written as if they are surrounded by ^ and $, but they are actually not. As a result they look odd -- the trailing .* has no effect, and /k?/ in /k?freebsd/ doesn't have any effect.

tools/llgo/cmd/cc-wrapper/main.go

52

os.StartProcess is a low-level interface, and for this function it doesn't seems to be needed. We should just use os.Command instead. We may be able to replace this function with a few lines of os.Command calls.

tools/llgo/cmd/gllgo/gllgo.go

50

nit: just add one more \n to the last Printf instead of calling Println?

242

So you check for errors for -I but not for -D and other options?

494

This function could be simplified if you start with the empty byte array with extra buffer (make([]byte, 0, len(data)*4+10) and append strings using append.

tools/llgo/debug/debug.go

388

Is this TODO?

392

ditto

[pcc]

I decided to address the things that were easy to address. We can probably address the other items later.

tools/llgo/CMakeLists.txt

45

It can (this is how the stage1 compiler is built), but these two targets (the stage2 and stage3 compilers) are used for bootstrapping, so they use previous compiler stages.

tools/llgo/README.TXT

18–19

Done.

tools/llgo/build/context.go

66

Ack. We might just want to remove most of these entries for now and let people add them back in as the compiler is ported to other platforms.

tools/llgo/cmd/cc-wrapper/main.go

52

Agreed.

tools/llgo/cmd/gllgo/gllgo.go

50

Done.

242

Good catch, added checks for the other options.

494

Done.

tools/llgo/debug/debug.go

388

Perhaps. I am not sure what the debug info for these should look like. @axw was the original author of this code.

392

Ditto

[pcc]

• Modify the update_third_party script to remove unused GPL licensed files
• Fix Linuxisms in update_third_party.sh script
• Add porting and contribution information to the README
• Address some of Rui's comments
• Use USES_TERMINAL with check-libgo target

[ruiu]

tools/llgo/irgen/annotations.go

23

Is this how gofmt sorted?

tools/llgo/irgen/cabi.go

43

This field doesn't seems to be used at all. Is this needed?

96

Doesn't this have to include the padding after the last member? I mean if we have a struct, say struct { int; char; }, it's size would be calculated as 5 by this function, but I think it should be 8. (If it's 5, sizeof [2]struct{ int; char; } would become 10?)

104

Oh okay, so the function is used only here. Then the thing I pointed out above is not actually a problem.

208

Not very sure what this piece of code does... but is it going to create for example 1 million values if we have [1024 * 1024]sometype in source code?

tools/llgo/irgen/strings.go

72

Does this compare a value of type int as a pointer? stringiter2 returns (int, rune), not (*sometype, rune).

Oh but this may be intentional -- currently, in all architectures sizeof(int) == sizeof(pointer).

[pcc]

• Give signext/zeroext attributes to integer arguments according to width and signedness
• Re-gofmt

tools/llgo/irgen/annotations.go

23

Reformatted (here and elsewhere).

tools/llgo/irgen/cabi.go

43

This field ought to be used to control whether certain arguments receive a signext or zeroext attribute, but it seems we've somehow gotten away with not doing this up to now. Fixed.

104

Right.

208

It shouldn't do. This function is only used when passing an argument directly (i.e. in registers), and with the System V x86-64 calling convention that can only happen with arguments of size <= 16 bytes.

tools/llgo/irgen/strings.go

72

See include/llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h line 1469 or thereabouts -- this will compare the given value against the null value of its type, which in this case would just be integer zero.

[axw]

tools/llgo/debug/debug.go

388

Yes, sorry, please add a TODO/FIXME. This should be DW_TAG_pointer_type to __go_map.

I ran gllgo over some basic code and the current output isn't great. I'll submit a patch or two once this is in to improve that.

(Sorry, I wrote this comment shortly after seeing the above, didn't realise I hadn't submitted the reply.)

392

ditto :)

[pcc]

• Add MIT/UIUC dual licensed versions of runtime library headers,
• Build tweaks
• Add FIXMEs for debug info

[pcc]

So this should now be ready to check in to the newly created llgo subproject. I've uploaded my final changes here for the record and will close this revision.

[ruiu]

LGTM

[pcc]

Checked in r222857 (llgo), r222858 (third-party), r222860 (LLVM build).

[lygstate]

I found there is files that mixed up with tab and spaces, is there any
coding style for go language?
Maybe use 2 space for all is a better idea?

cmake/modules/AddLLVM.cmake

function(add_unittest test_suite test_name)
 
   add_dependencies(${test_suite} ${test_name})
   get_target_property(test_suite_folder ${test_suite} FOLDER)
   if (NOT ${test_suite_folder} STREQUAL "NOTFOUND")
     set_property(TARGET ${test_name} PROPERTY FOLDER "${test_suite_folder}")
   endif ()
 endfunction()
 
+function(llvm_add_go_executable binary pkgpath)
+  cmake_parse_arguments(ARG "ALL" "" "DEPENDS;GOFLAGS" ${ARGN})
+
+  if(LLVM_BINDINGS MATCHES "go")
+    # FIXME: This should depend only on the libraries Go needs.
+    get_property(llvmlibs GLOBAL PROPERTY LLVM_LIBS)
+    set(binpath ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${binary}${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX})
+    set(cc "${CMAKE_C_COMPILER} ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ARG1}")
+    set(cxx "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER} ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ARG1}")
+    set(ldflags "${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS}")
+    add_custom_command(OUTPUT ${binpath}
+      COMMAND ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/llvm-go "cc=${cc}" "cxx=${cxx}" "ldflags=${ldflags}"
+              ${ARG_GOFLAGS} build -o ${binpath} ${pkgpath}
+      DEPENDS llvm-config ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/llvm-go${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX}
+              ${llvmlibs} ${ARG_DEPENDS}
+      COMMENT "Building Go executable ${binary}"
+      VERBATIM)
+    if (ARG_ALL)
+      add_custom_target(${binary} ALL DEPENDS ${binpath})
+    else()
+      add_custom_target(${binary} DEPENDS ${binpath})
+    endif()
+  endif()
+endfunction()
+
 # This function provides an automatic way to 'configure'-like generate a file
 # based on a set of common and custom variables, specifically targeting the
 # variables needed for the 'lit.site.cfg' files. This function bundles the
 # common variables that any Lit instance is likely to need, and custom
 # variables can be passed in.
 function(configure_lit_site_cfg input output)
   foreach(c ${LLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD})
     set(TARGETS_BUILT "${TARGETS_BUILT} ${c}")

tools/CMakeLists.txt

if( LLVM_ENABLE_PIC )
   else()
     ignore_llvm_tool_subdirectory(gold)
   endif()
 else()
   ignore_llvm_tool_subdirectory(gold)
 endif()
 
 add_llvm_external_project(clang)
+add_llvm_external_project(llgo)
 
 if( NOT LLVM_INCLUDE_TOOLS STREQUAL "bootstrap-only" )
   add_llvm_external_project(lld)
   add_llvm_external_project(lldb)
 
   # Automatically add remaining sub-directories containing a 'CMakeLists.txt'
   # file as external projects.
   add_llvm_implicit_external_projects()
 endif()
 
 set(LLVM_COMMON_DEPENDS ${LLVM_COMMON_DEPENDS} PARENT_SCOPE)

tools/llgo/.gitignore

+*.o
+*.so
+*.a
+*.[68]
+_obj
+bin
+cmd/gllgo/gllgo
+test/**/Output
+workdir

tools/llgo/CMakeLists.txt

+include(ExternalProject)
+include(ProcessorCount)
+
+llvm_add_go_executable(llgo llvm.org/llgo/cmd/gllgo ALL DEPENDS
+  build/context.go
+  cmd/gllgo/gllgo.go
+  debug/debug.go
+  irgen/annotations.go
+  irgen/attribute.go
+  irgen/builtins.go
+  irgen/cabi.go
+  irgen/call.go
+  irgen/channels.go
+  irgen/closures.go
+  irgen/compiler.go
+  irgen/errors.go
+  irgen/indirect.go
+  irgen/interfaces.go
+  irgen/maps.go
+  irgen/parser.go
+  irgen/predicates.go
+  irgen/println.go
+  irgen/runtime.go
+  irgen/slice.go
+  irgen/ssa.go
+  irgen/strings.go
+  irgen/targets.go
+  irgen/typemap.go
+  irgen/types.go
+  irgen/utils.go
+  irgen/value.go
+  irgen/version.go
+  ssaopt/esc.go
+)
+
+install(FILES ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/llgo${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX}
+        DESTINATION bin
+        PERMISSIONS OWNER_READ OWNER_WRITE OWNER_EXECUTE
+                    GROUP_READ GROUP_EXECUTE
+                    WORLD_READ WORLD_EXECUTE)
+
+llvm_add_go_executable(llgo-stage2 llvm.org/llgo/cmd/gllgo
+  DEPENDS libgo ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/llgo${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX}
+  GOFLAGS "cc=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/clang"
+          "cxx=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/clang++"
+          "llgo=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/llgo${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX}"
+)
+
+llvm_add_go_executable(llgo-stage3 llvm.org/llgo/cmd/gllgo
+  DEPENDS libgo ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/llgo-stage2${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX}
+  GOFLAGS "cc=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/clang"
+          "cxx=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/clang++"
+          "llgo=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/llgo-stage2${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX}"
+)
+
+llvm_add_go_executable(cc-wrapper llvm.org/llgo/cmd/cc-wrapper DEPENDS
+  cmd/cc-wrapper/main.go
+)
+
+function(add_clobber_steps name)
+  ExternalProject_Add_Step(${name} force-reconfigure
+    DEPENDERS configure
+    ALWAYS 1
+    )
+
+  ExternalProject_Add_Step(${name} clobber
+    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E remove_directory <BINARY_DIR>
+    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory <BINARY_DIR>
+    COMMENT "Clobbering ${name} build directory..."
+    DEPENDERS configure
+    DEPENDS ${ARGN}
+    )
+endfunction()
+
+processorcount(PROCESSOR_COUNT)
+
+function(add_libgo_variant suffix cflags gocflags deps exclude_from_all)
+  externalproject_add(libbacktrace${suffix}
+    DEPENDS clang ${deps}
+    SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/third_party/gofrontend/libbacktrace
+    BINARY_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${suffix}/libbacktrace
+    CONFIGURE_COMMAND <SOURCE_DIR>/configure --disable-multilib --enable-host-shared "CC=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/clang ${cflags}"
+    BUILD_COMMAND make -j${PROCESSOR_COUNT}
+    INSTALL_COMMAND ""
+    LOG_CONFIGURE 1
+    LOG_BUILD 1
+  )
+  set_property(TARGET libbacktrace${suffix}
+               PROPERTY EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL ${exclude_from_all})
+
+  add_clobber_steps(libbacktrace${suffix} clang ${deps})
+
+  externalproject_add(libffi${suffix}
+    DEPENDS clang ${deps}
+    SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/third_party/gofrontend/libffi
+    BINARY_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${suffix}/libffi
+    CONFIGURE_COMMAND <SOURCE_DIR>/configure --disable-multilib "CC=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/clang ${cflags}"
+    BUILD_COMMAND make -j${PROCESSOR_COUNT}
+    INSTALL_COMMAND ""
+    LOG_CONFIGURE 1
+    LOG_BUILD 1
+  )
+  set_property(TARGET libffi${suffix}
+               PROPERTY EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL ${exclude_from_all})
+
+  add_clobber_steps(libffi${suffix} clang ${deps})
+
+  externalproject_add(libgo${suffix}
+    DEPENDS clang llgo cc-wrapper libbacktrace${suffix} libffi${suffix} ${deps}
+    SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/third_party/gofrontend/libgo
+    BINARY_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${suffix}/libgo
+    INSTALL_DIR ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}
+    CONFIGURE_COMMAND <SOURCE_DIR>/configure --disable-multilib --without-libatomic --prefix=<INSTALL_DIR> "CC=env REAL_CC=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/clang@SPACE@${cflags} ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/cc-wrapper" "GOC=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/llgo -no-prefix -fcompilerrt-prefix=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR} ${gocflags}"
+    BUILD_COMMAND make -j${PROCESSOR_COUNT}
+    LOG_CONFIGURE 1
+    LOG_BUILD 1
+    LOG_INSTALL 1
+  )
+  set_property(TARGET libgo${suffix}
+               PROPERTY EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL ${exclude_from_all})
+
+  add_clobber_steps(libgo${suffix} clang
+    ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/llgo${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX}
+    ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/cc-wrapper${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX})
+endfunction()
+
+add_libgo_variant("" "" "" "" FALSE)
+
+if(TARGET asan)
+  add_libgo_variant("_asan" "-fsanitize=address" "-fsanitize=address" asan TRUE)
+endif()
+
+if(TARGET tsan)
+  add_libgo_variant("_tsan" "-fsanitize=thread" "-fsanitize=thread" tsan TRUE)
+endif()
+
+if(TARGET msan)
+  add_libgo_variant("_msan" "-fsanitize=memory" "-fsanitize=memory" msan TRUE)
+endif()
+
+if(TARGET dfsan)
+  add_libgo_variant("_dfsan" "-fsanitize=dataflow" "-fsanitize=dataflow" dfsan TRUE)
+endif()
+
+install(FILES ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib/libgo-llgo.a
+              ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib/libgo-llgo.so
+              ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib/libgo-llgo.so.6
+              ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib/libgo-llgo.so.6.0.0
+              ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib/libgobegin-llgo.a
+        DESTINATION lib)
+
+install(DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/lib/go
+        DESTINATION lib)
+
+add_custom_target(check-libgo
+  COMMAND make -C ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/libgo -j${PROCESSOR_COUNT} check
+  DEPENDS libgo
+  COMMENT "Running libgo tests"
+  ${cmake_3_2_USES_TERMINAL})
+
+add_custom_target(check-llgo-bootstrap
+  COMMAND strip -R .note.gnu.build-id -o ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/llgo-stage2.stripped
+          ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/llgo-stage2${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX}
+  COMMAND strip -R .note.gnu.build-id -o ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/llgo-stage3.stripped
+          ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/llgo-stage3${CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX}
+  COMMAND cmp ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/llgo-stage2.stripped
+          ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/llgo-stage3.stripped
+  DEPENDS llgo-stage2 llgo-stage3
+  COMMENT "Checking llgo bootstrap")
+
+add_subdirectory(test)

tools/llgo/LICENSE.TXT

+==============================================================================
+LLVM Release License
+==============================================================================
+University of Illinois/NCSA
+Open Source License
+
+Copyright (c) 2007-2014 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
+All rights reserved.
+
+Developed by:
+
+    LLVM Team
+
+    http://llvm.org
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal with
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+      this list of conditions and the following disclaimers.
+
+    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+      this list of conditions and the following disclaimers in the
+      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    * Neither the names of the LLVM Team, University of Illinois at
+      Urbana-Champaign, nor the names of its contributors may be used to
+      endorse or promote products derived from this Software without specific
+      prior written permission.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
+FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+CONTRIBUTORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS WITH THE
+SOFTWARE.
+
+==============================================================================
+The LLVM software contains code written by third parties.  Such software will
+have its own individual LICENSE.TXT file in the directory in which it appears.
+This file will describe the copyrights, license, and restrictions which apply
+to that code.
+
+The disclaimer of warranty in the University of Illinois Open Source License
+applies to all code in the LLVM Distribution, and nothing in any of the
+other licenses gives permission to use the names of the LLVM Team or the
+University of Illinois to endorse or promote products derived from this
+Software.
+
+The following pieces of software have additional or alternate copyrights,
+licenses, and/or restrictions:
+
+Program             Directory
+-------             ---------
+go.tools            third_party/go.tools
+gofrontend          third_party/gofrontend
+

tools/llgo/README.TXT

+llgo
+====
+
+llgo is a Go (http://golang.org) frontend for LLVM, written in Go.
+
+llgo is under active development. It compiles and passes most of the
+standard library test suite and a substantial portion of the gc test suite,
+but there are some corner cases that are known not to be handled correctly
+yet. Nevertheless it can compile modestly substantial programs (including
+itself; it is self hosting on x86-64 Linux).
+
+Mailing list: https://groups.google.com/d/forum/llgo-dev
+
+Supported platforms
+-------------------
+
+llgo is currently only supported on the x86-64 Linux platform. Contributions
+that add support for other platforms are welcome.
+
+There are two components which would need to be ported to new platforms: the
+compiler and the runtime library. The compiler has little platform-specific
+code; the most significant is in irgen/cabi.go. The main limiting factor
+for new platforms is the runtime library in third_party/gofrontend/libgo,
+which inherits some support for other platforms from the gc compiler's
+runtime library, but this support tends to be incomplete.
+
+Installation
+------------
+
+llgo requires:
+* Go 1.3 or later.
+* CMake 2.8.8 or later (to build LLVM).
+* A modern C++ toolchain (to build LLVM).
+  http://llvm.org/docs/GettingStarted.html#getting-a-modern-host-c-toolchain
+
+Note that Ubuntu Precise is one Linux distribution which does not package
+a sufficiently new CMake or C++ toolchain.
+
+To build and install llgo:
+
+    # Checkout LLVM:
+    svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk /path/to/llvm
+
+    # Checkout Clang:
+    cd /path/to/llvm/tools
+    svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk clang
+
+    # Checkout llgo:
+    svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llgo/trunk llgo
+
+    # Build LLVM, Clang and llgo: (see also http://llvm.org/docs/CMake.html)
+    mkdir /path/to/llvm-build
+    cd /path/to/llvm-build
+    cmake /path/to/llvm -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/path/to/llvm-inst
+    make install
+
+Running
+-------
+
+llgo is the compiler binary. It has a command line interface that is intended
+to be compatible to a large extent with gccgo. It can be used with the go
+command shipped with Go 1.4 or later by setting $GCCGO to the path to the
+llgo executable and supplying the "-compiler gccgo" flags to "go build".
+
+Contributing
+------------
+
+Changes to code outside the third_party directory should be contributed in
+the normal way by sending patches to <[e-mail]>.
+
+Changes to code in the third_party directory must first be made in the
+respective upstream project, from which they will be mirrored into the llgo
+repository. See the script update_third_party.sh for the locations of the
+upstream projects and details of how the mirroring works.

tools/llgo/build/context.go

+//===- context.go - Build context utilities for llgo ----------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Build context utilities for llgo.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package build
+
+import (
+  "errors"
+  "go/build"
+  "regexp"
+  "strings"
+)
+
+type Context struct {
+  build.Context
+
+  // LLVM triple
+  Triple string
+}
+
+// ContextFromTriple returns a new go/build.Context with GOOS and GOARCH
+// configured from the given triple.
+func ContextFromTriple(triple string) (*Context, error) {
+  goos, goarch, err := parseTriple(triple)
+  if err != nil {
+    return nil, err
+  }
+  ctx := &Context{Context: build.Default, Triple: triple}
+  ctx.GOOS = goos
+  ctx.GOARCH = goarch
+  ctx.BuildTags = append(ctx.BuildTags, "llgo")
+  if triple == "pnacl" {
+    ctx.BuildTags = append(ctx.BuildTags, "pnacl")
+  }
+  return ctx, nil
+}
+
+func parseTriple(triple string) (goos string, goarch string, err error) {
+  if strings.ToLower(triple) == "pnacl" {
+    return "nacl", "le32", nil
+  }
+
+  type REs struct{ re, out string }
+  // reference: http://llvm.org/docs/doxygen/html/Triple_8cpp_source.html
+  goarchREs := []REs{
+    {"amd64|x86_64", "amd64"},
+    {"i[3-9]86", "386"},
+    {"xscale|((arm|thumb)(v.*)?)", "arm"},
+  }
+  goosREs := []REs{
+    {"linux.*", "linux"},
+    {"(darwin|macosx|ios).*", "darwin"},
+    {"k?freebsd.*", "freebsd"},
+    {"netbsd.*", "netbsd"},
+    {"openbsd.*", "openbsd"},
+  }
+  match := func(list []REs, s string) string {
+    for _, t := range list {
+      if matched, _ := regexp.MatchString(t.re, s); matched {
+        return t.out
+      }
+    }
+    return ""
+  }
+
+  s := strings.Split(triple, "-")
+  switch l := len(s); l {
+  default:
+    return "", "", errors.New("triple should be made up of 2, 3, or 4 parts.")
+  case 2, 3: // ARCHITECTURE-(VENDOR-)OPERATING_SYSTEM
+    goarch = s[0]
+    goos = s[l-1]
+  case 4: // ARCHITECTURE-VENDOR-OPERATING_SYSTEM-ENVIRONMENT
+    goarch = s[0]
+    goos = s[2]
+  }
+  goarch = match(goarchREs, goarch)
+  if goarch == "" {
+    return "", "", errors.New("unknown architecture in triple")
+  }
+  goos = match(goosREs, goos)
+  if goos == "" {
+    return "", "", errors.New("unknown OS in triple")
+  }
+  return goos, goarch, nil
+}

tools/llgo/cmd/cc-wrapper/main.go

+//===- main.go - Clang compiler wrapper for building libgo ----------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This is a wrapper for Clang that passes invocations with -fdump-go-spec to
+// GCC, and rewrites -fplan9-extensions to -fms-extensions. It is intended to
+// go away once libgo's build no longer uses these flags.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package main
+
+import (
+  "fmt"
+  "os"
+  "os/exec"
+  "strings"
+)
+
+func runproc(name string, argv []string) {
+  path, err := exec.LookPath(name)
+  if err != nil {
+    fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "cc-wrapper: could not find %s: %v\n", name, err)
+    os.Exit(1)
+  }
+
+  proc, err := os.StartProcess(path, append([]string{name}, argv...), &os.ProcAttr{
+    Files: []*os.File{os.Stdin, os.Stdout, os.Stderr},
+  })
+  if err != nil {
+    fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "cc-wrapper: could not start %s: %v\n", name, err)
+    os.Exit(1)
+  }
+
+  state, err := proc.Wait()
+  if err != nil {
+    fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "cc-wrapper: could not wait for %s: %v\n", name, err)
+    os.Exit(1)
+  }
+
+  if state.Success() {
+    os.Exit(0)
+  } else {
+    os.Exit(1)
+  }
+}
+
+func main() {
+  newargs := make([]string, len(os.Args)-1)
+  for i, arg := range os.Args[1:] {
+    switch {
+    case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "-fdump-go-spec"):
+      runproc("gcc", os.Args[1:])
+
+    case arg == "-fplan9-extensions":
+      newargs[i] = "-fms-extensions"
+      newargs = append(newargs, "-Wno-microsoft")
+
+    default:
+      newargs[i] = arg
+    }
+  }
+
+  ccargs := strings.Split(os.Getenv("REAL_CC"), "@SPACE@")
+  runproc(ccargs[0], append(ccargs[1:], newargs...))
+}

tools/llgo/cmd/gllgo/gllgo.go

+//===- gllgo.go - gccgo-like driver for llgo ------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This is llgo's driver. It has a gccgo-like interface in order to easily
+// interoperate with the "go" command and the libgo build system.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package main
+
+import (
+  "errors"
+  "fmt"
+  "go/scanner"
+  "io/ioutil"
+  "log"
+  "os"
+  "os/exec"
+  "path/filepath"
+  "strings"
+
+  "llvm.org/llgo/debug"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/irgen"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+func report(err error) {
+  if list, ok := err.(scanner.ErrorList); ok {
+    for _, e := range list {
+      fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s\n", e)
+    }
+  } else if err != nil {
+    fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "gllgo: error: %s\n", err)
+  }
+}
+
+func llvmVersion() string {
+  return strings.Replace(llvm.Version, "svn", "", 1)
+}
+
+func displayVersion() {
+  fmt.Printf("llgo version %s (%s)\n\n", llvmVersion(), irgen.GoVersion())
+  os.Exit(0)
+}
+
+func initCompiler(opts *driverOptions) (*irgen.Compiler, error) {
+  importPaths := make([]string, len(opts.importPaths)+len(opts.libPaths))
+  copy(importPaths, opts.importPaths)
+  copy(importPaths[len(opts.importPaths):], opts.libPaths)
+  if opts.prefix != "" {
+    importPaths = append(importPaths, filepath.Join(opts.prefix, "lib", "go", "llgo-"+llvmVersion()))
+  }
+  copts := irgen.CompilerOptions{
+    TargetTriple:       opts.triple,
+    GenerateDebug:      opts.generateDebug,
+    DebugPrefixMaps:    opts.debugPrefixMaps,
+    DumpSSA:            opts.dumpSSA,
+    GccgoPath:          opts.gccgoPath,
+    ImportPaths:        importPaths,
+    SanitizerAttribute: opts.sanitizer.getAttribute(),
+  }
+  if opts.dumpTrace {
+    copts.Logger = log.New(os.Stderr, "", 0)
+  }
+  return irgen.NewCompiler(copts)
+}
+
+type actionKind int
+
+const (
+  actionAssemble = actionKind(iota)
+  actionCompile
+  actionLink
+  actionPrint
+)
+
+type action struct {
+  kind   actionKind
+  inputs []string
+}
+
+type sanitizerOptions struct {
+  blacklist string
+  crtPrefix string
+
+  address, thread, memory, dataflow bool
+}
+
+func (san *sanitizerOptions) resourcePath() string {
+  return filepath.Join(san.crtPrefix, "lib", "clang", llvmVersion())
+}
+
+func (san *sanitizerOptions) isPIEDefault() bool {
+  return san.thread || san.memory || san.dataflow
+}
+
+func (san *sanitizerOptions) addPasses(mpm, fpm llvm.PassManager) {
+  switch {
+  case san.address:
+    mpm.AddAddressSanitizerModulePass()
+    fpm.AddAddressSanitizerFunctionPass()
+  case san.thread:
+    mpm.AddThreadSanitizerPass()
+  case san.memory:
+    mpm.AddMemorySanitizerPass()
+  case san.dataflow:
+    blacklist := san.blacklist
+    if blacklist == "" {
+      blacklist = filepath.Join(san.resourcePath(), "dfsan_abilist.txt")
+    }
+    mpm.AddDataFlowSanitizerPass(blacklist)
+  }
+}
+
+func (san *sanitizerOptions) libPath(triple, sanitizerName string) string {
+  s := strings.Split(triple, "-")
+  return filepath.Join(san.resourcePath(), "lib", s[2], "libclang_rt."+sanitizerName+"-"+s[0]+".a")
+}
+
+func (san *sanitizerOptions) addLibsForSanitizer(flags []string, triple, sanitizerName string) []string {
+  return append(flags, san.libPath(triple, sanitizerName),
+    "-Wl,--no-as-needed", "-lpthread", "-lrt", "-lm", "-ldl")
+}
+
+func (san *sanitizerOptions) addLibs(triple string, flags []string) []string {
+  switch {
+  case san.address:
+    flags = san.addLibsForSanitizer(flags, triple, "asan")
+  case san.thread:
+    flags = san.addLibsForSanitizer(flags, triple, "tsan")
+  case san.memory:
+    flags = san.addLibsForSanitizer(flags, triple, "msan")
+  case san.dataflow:
+    flags = san.addLibsForSanitizer(flags, triple, "dfsan")
+  }
+
+  return flags
+}
+
+func (san *sanitizerOptions) getAttribute() llvm.Attribute {
+  switch {
+  case san.address:
+    return llvm.SanitizeAddressAttribute
+  case san.thread:
+    return llvm.SanitizeThreadAttribute
+  case san.memory:
+    return llvm.SanitizeMemoryAttribute
+  default:
+    return 0
+  }
+}
+
+type driverOptions struct {
+  actions []action
+  output  string
+
+  bprefix         string
+  debugPrefixMaps []debug.PrefixMap
+  dumpSSA         bool
+  dumpTrace       bool
+  emitIR          bool
+  gccgoPath       string
+  generateDebug   bool
+  importPaths     []string
+  libPaths        []string
+  llvmArgs        []string
+  lto             bool
+  optLevel        int
+  pic             bool
+  pieLink         bool
+  pkgpath         string
+  plugins         []string
+  prefix          string
+  sanitizer       sanitizerOptions
+  sizeLevel       int
+  staticLibgcc    bool
+  staticLibgo     bool
+  staticLink      bool
+  triple          string
+}
+
+func getInstPrefix() (string, error) {
+  path, err := exec.LookPath(os.Args[0])
+  if err != nil {
+    return "", err
+  }
+
+  path, err = filepath.EvalSymlinks(path)
+  if err != nil {
+    return "", err
+  }
+
+  prefix := filepath.Join(path, "..", "..")
+  return prefix, nil
+}
+
+func parseArguments(args []string) (opts driverOptions, err error) {
+  var goInputs, otherInputs []string
+  hasOtherNonFlagInputs := false
+  noPrefix := false
+  actionKind := actionLink
+  opts.triple = llvm.DefaultTargetTriple()
+
+  for len(args) > 0 {
+    consumedArgs := 1
+
+    switch {
+    case !strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-"):
+      if strings.HasSuffix(args[0], ".go") {
+        goInputs = append(goInputs, args[0])
+      } else {
+        hasOtherNonFlagInputs = true
+        otherInputs = append(otherInputs, args[0])
+      }
+
+    case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-Wl,"), strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-l"), strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "--sysroot="):
+      // TODO(pcc): Handle these correctly.
+      otherInputs = append(otherInputs, args[0])
+
+    case args[0] == "-B":
+      if len(args) == 1 {
+        return opts, errors.New("missing argument after '-B'")
+      }
+      opts.bprefix = args[1]
+      consumedArgs = 2
+
+    case args[0] == "-D":
+      if len(args) == 1 {
+        return opts, errors.New("missing argument after '-D'")
+      }
+      otherInputs = append(otherInputs, args[0], args[1])
+      consumedArgs = 2
+
+    case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-D"):
+      otherInputs = append(otherInputs, args[0])
+
+    case args[0] == "-I":
+      if len(args) == 1 {
+        return opts, errors.New("missing argument after '-I'")
+      }
+      opts.importPaths = append(opts.importPaths, args[1])
+      consumedArgs = 2
+
+    case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-I"):
+      opts.importPaths = append(opts.importPaths, args[0][2:])
+
+    case args[0] == "-isystem":
+      if len(args) == 1 {
+        return opts, errors.New("missing argument after '-isystem'")
+      }
+      otherInputs = append(otherInputs, args[0], args[1])
+      consumedArgs = 2
+
+    case args[0] == "-L":
+      if len(args) == 1 {
+        return opts, errors.New("missing argument after '-L'")
+      }
+      opts.libPaths = append(opts.libPaths, args[1])
+      consumedArgs = 2
+
+    case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-L"):
+      opts.libPaths = append(opts.libPaths, args[0][2:])
+
+    case args[0] == "-O0":
+      opts.optLevel = 0
+
+    case args[0] == "-O1", args[0] == "-O":
+      opts.optLevel = 1
+
+    case args[0] == "-O2":
+      opts.optLevel = 2
+
+    case args[0] == "-Os":
+      opts.optLevel = 2
+      opts.sizeLevel = 1
+
+    case args[0] == "-O3":
+      opts.optLevel = 3
+
+    case args[0] == "-S":
+      actionKind = actionAssemble
+
+    case args[0] == "-c":
+      actionKind = actionCompile
+
+    case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-fcompilerrt-prefix="):
+      opts.sanitizer.crtPrefix = args[0][20:]
+
+    case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-fdebug-prefix-map="):
+      split := strings.SplitN(args[0][19:], "=", 2)
+      if len(split) < 2 {
+        return opts, fmt.Errorf("argument '%s' must be of form '-fdebug-prefix-map=SOURCE=REPLACEMENT'", args[0])
+      }
+      opts.debugPrefixMaps = append(opts.debugPrefixMaps, debug.PrefixMap{split[0], split[1]})
+
+    case args[0] == "-fdump-ssa":
+      opts.dumpSSA = true
+
+    case args[0] == "-fdump-trace":
+      opts.dumpTrace = true
+
+    case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-fgccgo-path="):
+      opts.gccgoPath = args[0][13:]
+
+    case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-fgo-pkgpath="):
+      opts.pkgpath = args[0][13:]
+
+    case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-fgo-relative-import-path="):
+      // TODO(pcc): Handle this.
+
+    case args[0] == "-fload-plugin":
+      if len(args) == 1 {
+        return opts, errors.New("missing argument after '-fload-plugin'")
+      }
+      opts.plugins = append(opts.plugins, args[1])
+      consumedArgs = 2
+
+    case args[0] == "-fno-toplevel-reorder":
+      // This is a GCC-specific code generation option. Ignore.
+
+    case args[0] == "-emit-llvm":
+      opts.emitIR = true
+
+    case args[0] == "-flto":
+      opts.lto = true
+
+    case args[0] == "-fPIC":
+      opts.pic = true
+
+    case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-fsanitize-blacklist="):
+      opts.sanitizer.blacklist = args[0][21:]
+
+    // TODO(pcc): Enforce mutual exclusion between sanitizers.
+
+    case args[0] == "-fsanitize=address":
+      opts.sanitizer.address = true
+
+    case args[0] == "-fsanitize=thread":
+      opts.sanitizer.thread = true
+
+    case args[0] == "-fsanitize=memory":
+      opts.sanitizer.memory = true
+
+    case args[0] == "-fsanitize=dataflow":
+      opts.sanitizer.dataflow = true
+
+    case args[0] == "-g":
+      opts.generateDebug = true
+
+    case args[0] == "-mllvm":
+      if len(args) == 1 {
+        return opts, errors.New("missing argument after '-mllvm'")
+      }
+      opts.llvmArgs = append(opts.llvmArgs, args[1])
+      consumedArgs = 2
+
+    case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-m"), args[0] == "-funsafe-math-optimizations", args[0] == "-ffp-contract=off":
+      // TODO(pcc): Handle code generation options.
+
+    case args[0] == "-no-prefix":
+      noPrefix = true
+
+    case args[0] == "-o":
+      if len(args) == 1 {
+        return opts, errors.New("missing argument after '-o'")
+      }
+      opts.output = args[1]
+      consumedArgs = 2
+
+    case args[0] == "-pie":
+      opts.pieLink = true
+
+    case args[0] == "-dumpversion",
+      args[0] == "-print-libgcc-file-name",
+      args[0] == "-print-multi-os-directory",
+      args[0] == "--version":
+      actionKind = actionPrint
+      opts.output = args[0]
+
+    case args[0] == "-static":
+      opts.staticLink = true
+
+    case args[0] == "-static-libgcc":
+      opts.staticLibgcc = true
+
+    case args[0] == "-static-libgo":
+      opts.staticLibgo = true
+
+    default:
+      return opts, fmt.Errorf("unrecognized command line option '%s'", args[0])
+    }
+
+    args = args[consumedArgs:]
+  }
+
+  if actionKind != actionPrint && len(goInputs) == 0 && !hasOtherNonFlagInputs {
+    return opts, errors.New("no input files")
+  }
+
+  if !noPrefix {
+    opts.prefix, err = getInstPrefix()
+    if err != nil {
+      return opts, err
+    }
+  }
+
+  if opts.sanitizer.crtPrefix == "" {
+    opts.sanitizer.crtPrefix = opts.prefix
+  }
+
+  if opts.sanitizer.isPIEDefault() {
+    // This should really only be turning on -fPIE, but this isn't
+    // easy to do from Go, and -fPIC is a superset of it anyway.
+    opts.pic = true
+    opts.pieLink = true
+  }
+
+  switch actionKind {
+  case actionLink:
+    if len(goInputs) != 0 {
+      opts.actions = []action{action{actionCompile, goInputs}}
+    }
+    opts.actions = append(opts.actions, action{actionLink, otherInputs})
+
+  case actionCompile, actionAssemble:
+    if len(goInputs) != 0 {
+      opts.actions = []action{action{actionKind, goInputs}}
+    }
+
+  case actionPrint:
+    opts.actions = []action{action{actionKind, nil}}
+  }
+
+  if opts.output == "" && len(opts.actions) != 0 {
+    switch actionKind {
+    case actionCompile, actionAssemble:
+      base := filepath.Base(goInputs[0])
+      base = base[0 : len(base)-3]
+      if actionKind == actionCompile {
+        opts.output = base + ".o"
+      } else {
+        opts.output = base + ".s"
+      }
+
+    case actionLink:
+      opts.output = "a.out"
+    }
+  }
+
+  return opts, nil
+}
+
+func runPasses(opts *driverOptions, tm llvm.TargetMachine, m llvm.Module) {
+  fpm := llvm.NewFunctionPassManagerForModule(m)
+  defer fpm.Dispose()
+
+  mpm := llvm.NewPassManager()
+  defer mpm.Dispose()
+
+  pmb := llvm.NewPassManagerBuilder()
+  defer pmb.Dispose()
+
+  pmb.SetOptLevel(opts.optLevel)
+  pmb.SetSizeLevel(opts.sizeLevel)
+
+  target := tm.TargetData()
+  mpm.Add(target)
+  fpm.Add(target)
+  tm.AddAnalysisPasses(mpm)
+  tm.AddAnalysisPasses(fpm)
+
+  mpm.AddVerifierPass()
+  fpm.AddVerifierPass()
+
+  pmb.Populate(mpm)
+  pmb.PopulateFunc(fpm)
+
+  if opts.optLevel == 0 {
+    // Remove references (via the descriptor) to dead functions,
+    // for compatibility with other compilers.
+    mpm.AddGlobalDCEPass()
+  }
+
+  opts.sanitizer.addPasses(mpm, fpm)
+
+  fpm.InitializeFunc()
+  for fn := m.FirstFunction(); !fn.IsNil(); fn = llvm.NextFunction(fn) {
+    fpm.RunFunc(fn)
+  }
+  fpm.FinalizeFunc()
+
+  mpm.Run(m)
+}
+
+func getMetadataSectionInlineAsm(name string) string {
+  // ELF: creates a non-allocated excluded section.
+  return ".section \"" + name + "\", \"e\"\n"
+}
+
+func getDataInlineAsm(data []byte) string {
+  edata := make([]byte, 0, len(data)*4+10)
+
+  edata = append(edata, ".ascii \""...)
+  for i := range data {
+    switch data[i] {
+    case '\000':
+      edata = append(edata, "\\000"...)
+      continue
+    case '\n':
+      edata = append(edata, "\\n"...)
+      continue
+    case '"', '\\':
+      edata = append(edata, '\\')
+    }
+    edata = append(edata, data[i])
+  }
+  edata = append(edata, "\"\n"...)
+  return string(edata)
+}
+
+// Get the lib-relative path to the standard libraries for the given driver
+// options. This is normally '.' but can vary for cross compilation, LTO,
+// sanitizers etc.
+func getVariantDir(opts *driverOptions) string {
+  switch {
+  case opts.lto:
+    return "llvm-lto.0"
+  case opts.sanitizer.address:
+    return "llvm-asan.0"
+  case opts.sanitizer.thread:
+    return "llvm-tsan.0"
+  case opts.sanitizer.memory:
+    return "llvm-msan.0"
+  case opts.sanitizer.dataflow:
+    return "llvm-dfsan.0"
+  default:
+    return "."
+  }
+}
+
+func performAction(opts *driverOptions, kind actionKind, inputs []string, output string) error {
+  switch kind {
+  case actionPrint:
+    switch opts.output {
+    case "-dumpversion":
+      fmt.Println("llgo-"+llvmVersion())
+      return nil
+    case "-print-libgcc-file-name":
+      cmd := exec.Command(opts.bprefix+"gcc", "-print-libgcc-file-name")
+      out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+      os.Stdout.Write(out)
+      return err
+    case "-print-multi-os-directory":
+      fmt.Println(getVariantDir(opts))
+      return nil
+    case "--version":
+      displayVersion()
+      return nil
+    default:
+      panic("unexpected print command")
+    }
+
+  case actionCompile, actionAssemble:
+    compiler, err := initCompiler(opts)
+    if err != nil {
+      return err
+    }
+
+    module, err := compiler.Compile(inputs, opts.pkgpath)
+    if err != nil {
+      return err
+    }
+
+    defer module.Dispose()
+
+    target, err := llvm.GetTargetFromTriple(opts.triple)
+    if err != nil {
+      return err
+    }
+
+    optLevel := [...]llvm.CodeGenOptLevel{
+      llvm.CodeGenLevelNone,
+      llvm.CodeGenLevelLess,
+      llvm.CodeGenLevelDefault,
+      llvm.CodeGenLevelAggressive,
+    }[opts.optLevel]
+
+    relocMode := llvm.RelocStatic
+    if opts.pic {
+      relocMode = llvm.RelocPIC
+    }
+
+    tm := target.CreateTargetMachine(opts.triple, "", "", optLevel,
+      relocMode, llvm.CodeModelDefault)
+    defer tm.Dispose()
+
+    runPasses(opts, tm, module.Module)
+
+    var file *os.File
+    if output == "-" {
+      file = os.Stdout
+    } else {
+      file, err = os.Create(output)
+      if err != nil {
+        return err
+      }
+      defer file.Close()
+    }
+
+    switch {
+    case !opts.lto && !opts.emitIR:
+      if module.ExportData != nil {
+        asm := getMetadataSectionInlineAsm(".go_export")
+        asm += getDataInlineAsm(module.ExportData)
+        module.Module.SetInlineAsm(asm)
+      }
+
+      fileType := llvm.AssemblyFile
+      if kind == actionCompile {
+        fileType = llvm.ObjectFile
+      }
+      mb, err := tm.EmitToMemoryBuffer(module.Module, fileType)
+      if err != nil {
+        return err
+      }
+      defer mb.Dispose()
+
+      bytes := mb.Bytes()
+      _, err = file.Write(bytes)
+      return err
+
+    case opts.lto:
+      bcmb := llvm.WriteBitcodeToMemoryBuffer(module.Module)
+      defer bcmb.Dispose()
+
+      // This is a bit of a hack. We just want an object file
+      // containing some metadata sections. This might be simpler
+      // if we had bindings for the MC library, but for now we create
+      // a fresh module containing only inline asm that creates the
+      // sections.
+      outmodule := llvm.NewModule("")
+      defer outmodule.Dispose()
+      asm := getMetadataSectionInlineAsm(".llvmbc")
+      asm += getDataInlineAsm(bcmb.Bytes())
+      if module.ExportData != nil {
+        asm += getMetadataSectionInlineAsm(".go_export")
+        asm += getDataInlineAsm(module.ExportData)
+      }
+      outmodule.SetInlineAsm(asm)
+
+      fileType := llvm.AssemblyFile
+      if kind == actionCompile {
+        fileType = llvm.ObjectFile
+      }
+      mb, err := tm.EmitToMemoryBuffer(outmodule, fileType)
+      if err != nil {
+        return err
+      }
+      defer mb.Dispose()
+
+      bytes := mb.Bytes()
+      _, err = file.Write(bytes)
+      return err
+
+    case kind == actionCompile:
+      err := llvm.WriteBitcodeToFile(module.Module, file)
+      return err
+
+    case kind == actionAssemble:
+      _, err := file.WriteString(module.Module.String())
+      return err
+
+    default:
+      panic("unexpected action kind")
+    }
+
+  case actionLink:
+    // TODO(pcc): Teach this to do LTO.
+    args := []string{"-o", output}
+    if opts.pic {
+      args = append(args, "-fPIC")
+    }
+    if opts.pieLink {
+      args = append(args, "-pie")
+    }
+    if opts.staticLink {
+      args = append(args, "-static")
+    }
+    if opts.staticLibgcc {
+      args = append(args, "-static-libgcc")
+    }
+    for _, p := range opts.libPaths {
+      args = append(args, "-L", p)
+    }
+    for _, p := range opts.importPaths {
+      args = append(args, "-I", p)
+    }
+    args = append(args, inputs...)
+    var linkerPath string
+    if opts.gccgoPath == "" {
+      // TODO(pcc): See if we can avoid calling gcc here.
+      // We currently rely on it to find crt*.o and compile
+      // any C source files passed as arguments.
+      linkerPath = opts.bprefix + "gcc"
+
+      if opts.prefix != "" {
+        libdir := filepath.Join(opts.prefix, "lib", getVariantDir(opts))
+        args = append(args, "-L", libdir)
+        if !opts.staticLibgo {
+          args = append(args, "-Wl,-rpath,"+libdir)
+        }
+      }
+
+      args = append(args, "-lgobegin-llgo")
+      if opts.staticLibgo {
+        args = append(args, "-Wl,-Bstatic", "-lgo-llgo", "-Wl,-Bdynamic", "-lpthread", "-lm")
+      } else {
+        args = append(args, "-lgo-llgo")
+      }
+    } else {
+      linkerPath = opts.gccgoPath
+      if opts.staticLibgo {
+        args = append(args, "-static-libgo")
+      }
+    }
+
+    args = opts.sanitizer.addLibs(opts.triple, args)
+
+    cmd := exec.Command(linkerPath, args...)
+    out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+    if err != nil {
+      os.Stderr.Write(out)
+    }
+    return err
+
+  default:
+    panic("unexpected action kind")
+  }
+}
+
+func performActions(opts *driverOptions) error {
+  var extraInput string
+
+  for _, plugin := range opts.plugins {
+    err := llvm.LoadLibraryPermanently(plugin)
+    if err != nil {
+      return err
+    }
+  }
+
+  llvm.ParseCommandLineOptions(append([]string{"llgo"}, opts.llvmArgs...), "llgo (LLVM option parsing)\n")
+
+  for i, action := range opts.actions {
+    var output string
+    if i == len(opts.actions)-1 {
+      output = opts.output
+    } else {
+      tmpfile, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "llgo")
+      if err != nil {
+        return err
+      }
+      output = tmpfile.Name() + ".o"
+      tmpfile.Close()
+      err = os.Remove(tmpfile.Name())
+      if err != nil {
+        return err
+      }
+      defer os.Remove(output)
+    }
+
+    inputs := action.inputs
+    if extraInput != "" {
+      inputs = append([]string{extraInput}, inputs...)
+    }
+
+    err := performAction(opts, action.kind, inputs, output)
+    if err != nil {
+      return err
+    }
+
+    extraInput = output
+  }
+
+  return nil
+}
+
+func main() {
+  llvm.InitializeAllTargets()
+  llvm.InitializeAllTargetMCs()
+  llvm.InitializeAllTargetInfos()
+  llvm.InitializeAllAsmParsers()
+  llvm.InitializeAllAsmPrinters()
+
+  opts, err := parseArguments(os.Args[1:])
+  if err != nil {
+    report(err)
+    os.Exit(1)
+  }
+
+  err = performActions(&opts)
+  if err != nil {
+    report(err)
+    os.Exit(1)
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/debug/debug.go

+//===- debug.go - debug info builder --------------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This package builds LLVM debug info from go/* data structures.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package debug
+
+import (
+  "debug/dwarf"
+  "fmt"
+  "go/token"
+  "os"
+  "strings"
+
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/ssa"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types/typeutil"
+
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+const (
+  // non-standard debug metadata tags
+  tagAutoVariable dwarf.Tag = 0x100
+  tagArgVariable  dwarf.Tag = 0x101
+)
+
+type PrefixMap struct {
+  Source, Replacement string
+}
+
+// DIBuilder builds debug metadata for Go programs.
+type DIBuilder struct {
+  // builder is the current builder; there is one per CU.
+  builder    *llvm.DIBuilder
+  module     llvm.Module
+  files      map[*token.File]llvm.Value
+  cu, fn, lb llvm.Value
+  fnFile     string
+  debugScope []llvm.Value
+  sizes      types.Sizes
+  fset       *token.FileSet
+  prefixMaps []PrefixMap
+  types      typeutil.Map
+  voidType   llvm.Value
+}
+
+// NewDIBuilder creates a new debug information builder.
+func NewDIBuilder(sizes types.Sizes, module llvm.Module, fset *token.FileSet, prefixMaps []PrefixMap) *DIBuilder {
+  var d DIBuilder
+  d.module = module
+  d.files = make(map[*token.File]llvm.Value)
+  d.sizes = sizes
+  d.fset = fset
+  d.prefixMaps = prefixMaps
+  d.builder = llvm.NewDIBuilder(d.module)
+  d.cu = d.createCompileUnit()
+  return &d
+}
+
+// Destroy destroys the DIBuilder.
+func (d *DIBuilder) Destroy() {
+  d.builder.Destroy()
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) scope() llvm.Value {
+  if d.lb.C != nil {
+    return d.lb
+  }
+  if d.fn.C != nil {
+    return d.fn
+  }
+  return d.cu
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) remapFilePath(path string) string {
+  for _, pm := range d.prefixMaps {
+    if strings.HasPrefix(path, pm.Source) {
+      return pm.Replacement + path[len(pm.Source):]
+    }
+  }
+  return path
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) getFile(file *token.File) llvm.Value {
+  if diFile := d.files[file]; !diFile.IsNil() {
+    return diFile
+  }
+  diFile := d.builder.CreateFile(d.remapFilePath(file.Name()), "")
+  d.files[file] = diFile
+  return diFile
+}
+
+// createCompileUnit creates and returns debug metadata for the compile
+// unit as a whole, using the first file in the file set as a representative
+// (the choice of file is arbitrary).
+func (d *DIBuilder) createCompileUnit() llvm.Value {
+  var file *token.File
+  d.fset.Iterate(func(f *token.File) bool {
+    file = f
+    return false
+  })
+  dir, err := os.Getwd()
+  if err != nil {
+    panic("could not get current directory: " + err.Error())
+  }
+  return d.builder.CreateCompileUnit(llvm.DICompileUnit{
+    Language: llvm.DW_LANG_Go,
+    File:     d.remapFilePath(file.Name()),
+    Dir:      dir,
+    Producer: "llgo",
+  })
+}
+
+// PushFunction creates debug metadata for the specified function,
+// and pushes it onto the scope stack.
+func (d *DIBuilder) PushFunction(fnptr llvm.Value, sig *types.Signature, pos token.Pos) {
+  var diFile llvm.Value
+  var line int
+  if file := d.fset.File(pos); file != nil {
+    d.fnFile = file.Name()
+    diFile = d.getFile(file)
+    line = file.Line(pos)
+  }
+  d.fn = d.builder.CreateFunction(d.scope(), llvm.DIFunction{
+    Name:         fnptr.Name(), // TODO(axw) unmangled name?
+    LinkageName:  fnptr.Name(),
+    File:         diFile,
+    Line:         line,
+    Type:         d.DIType(sig),
+    IsDefinition: true,
+    Function:     fnptr,
+  })
+}
+
+// PopFunction pops the previously pushed function off the scope stack.
+func (d *DIBuilder) PopFunction() {
+  d.lb = llvm.Value{nil}
+  d.fn = llvm.Value{nil}
+  d.fnFile = ""
+}
+
+// Declare creates an llvm.dbg.declare call for the specified function
+// parameter or local variable.
+func (d *DIBuilder) Declare(b llvm.Builder, v ssa.Value, llv llvm.Value, paramIndex int) {
+  tag := tagAutoVariable
+  if paramIndex >= 0 {
+    tag = tagArgVariable
+  }
+  var diFile llvm.Value
+  var line int
+  if file := d.fset.File(v.Pos()); file != nil {
+    line = file.Line(v.Pos())
+    diFile = d.getFile(file)
+  }
+  localVar := d.builder.CreateLocalVariable(d.scope(), llvm.DILocalVariable{
+    Tag:   tag,
+    Name:  llv.Name(),
+    File:  diFile,
+    Line:  line,
+    ArgNo: paramIndex + 1,
+    Type:  d.DIType(v.Type()),
+  })
+  expr := d.builder.CreateExpression(nil)
+  d.builder.InsertDeclareAtEnd(llv, localVar, expr, b.GetInsertBlock())
+}
+
+// Value creates an llvm.dbg.value call for the specified register value.
+func (d *DIBuilder) Value(b llvm.Builder, v ssa.Value, llv llvm.Value, paramIndex int) {
+  // TODO(axw)
+}
+
+// SetLocation sets the current debug location.
+func (d *DIBuilder) SetLocation(b llvm.Builder, pos token.Pos) {
+  if !pos.IsValid() {
+    return
+  }
+  position := d.fset.Position(pos)
+  d.lb = llvm.Value{nil}
+  if position.Filename != d.fnFile && position.Filename != "" {
+    // This can happen rarely, e.g. in init functions.
+    diFile := d.builder.CreateFile(d.remapFilePath(position.Filename), "")
+    d.lb = d.builder.CreateLexicalBlockFile(d.scope(), diFile, 0)
+  }
+  b.SetCurrentDebugLocation(llvm.MDNode([]llvm.Value{
+    llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), uint64(position.Line), false),
+    llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), uint64(position.Column), false),
+    d.scope(),
+    llvm.Value{},
+  }))
+}
+
+// Finalize must be called after all compilation units are translated,
+// generating the final debug metadata for the module.
+func (d *DIBuilder) Finalize() {
+  d.module.AddNamedMetadataOperand(
+    "llvm.module.flags",
+    llvm.MDNode([]llvm.Value{
+      llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), 2, false), // Warn on mismatch
+      llvm.MDString("Dwarf Version"),
+      llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), 4, false),
+    }),
+  )
+  d.module.AddNamedMetadataOperand(
+    "llvm.module.flags",
+    llvm.MDNode([]llvm.Value{
+      llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), 1, false), // Error on mismatch
+      llvm.MDString("Debug Info Version"),
+      llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), 1, false),
+    }),
+  )
+  d.builder.Finalize()
+}
+
+// DIType maps a Go type to DIType debug metadata value.
+func (d *DIBuilder) DIType(t types.Type) llvm.Value {
+  return d.typeDebugDescriptor(t, types.TypeString(nil, t))
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) typeDebugDescriptor(t types.Type, name string) llvm.Value {
+  // Signature needs to be handled specially, to preprocess
+  // methods, moving the receiver to the parameter list.
+  if t, ok := t.(*types.Signature); ok {
+    return d.descriptorSignature(t, name)
+  }
+  if t == nil {
+    if d.voidType.IsNil() {
+      d.voidType = d.builder.CreateBasicType(llvm.DIBasicType{Name: "void"})
+    }
+    return d.voidType
+  }
+  if dt, ok := d.types.At(t).(llvm.Value); ok {
+    return dt
+  }
+  dt := d.descriptor(t, name)
+  d.types.Set(t, dt)
+  return dt
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) descriptor(t types.Type, name string) llvm.Value {
+  switch t := t.(type) {
+  case *types.Basic:
+    return d.descriptorBasic(t, name)
+  case *types.Pointer:
+    return d.descriptorPointer(t)
+  case *types.Struct:
+    return d.descriptorStruct(t, name)
+  case *types.Named:
+    return d.descriptorNamed(t)
+  case *types.Array:
+    return d.descriptorArray(t, name)
+  case *types.Slice:
+    return d.descriptorSlice(t, name)
+  case *types.Map:
+    return d.descriptorMap(t, name)
+  case *types.Chan:
+    return d.descriptorChan(t, name)
+  case *types.Interface:
+    return d.descriptorInterface(t, name)
+  default:
+    panic(fmt.Sprintf("unhandled type: %T", t))
+  }
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) descriptorBasic(t *types.Basic, name string) llvm.Value {
+  switch t.Kind() {
+  case types.String:
+    return d.typeDebugDescriptor(types.NewStruct([]*types.Var{
+      types.NewVar(0, nil, "ptr", types.NewPointer(types.Typ[types.Uint8])),
+      types.NewVar(0, nil, "len", types.Typ[types.Int]),
+    }, nil), name)
+  case types.UnsafePointer:
+    return d.builder.CreateBasicType(llvm.DIBasicType{
+      Name:        name,
+      SizeInBits:  uint64(d.sizes.Sizeof(t) * 8),
+      AlignInBits: uint64(d.sizes.Alignof(t) * 8),
+      Encoding:    llvm.DW_ATE_unsigned,
+    })
+  default:
+    bt := llvm.DIBasicType{
+      Name:        t.String(),
+      SizeInBits:  uint64(d.sizes.Sizeof(t) * 8),
+      AlignInBits: uint64(d.sizes.Alignof(t) * 8),
+    }
+    switch bi := t.Info(); {
+    case bi&types.IsBoolean != 0:
+      bt.Encoding = llvm.DW_ATE_boolean
+    case bi&types.IsUnsigned != 0:
+      bt.Encoding = llvm.DW_ATE_unsigned
+    case bi&types.IsInteger != 0:
+      bt.Encoding = llvm.DW_ATE_signed
+    case bi&types.IsFloat != 0:
+      bt.Encoding = llvm.DW_ATE_float
+    case bi&types.IsComplex != 0:
+      bt.Encoding = llvm.DW_ATE_imaginary_float
+    case bi&types.IsUnsigned != 0:
+      bt.Encoding = llvm.DW_ATE_unsigned
+    default:
+      panic(fmt.Sprintf("unhandled: %#v", t))
+    }
+    return d.builder.CreateBasicType(bt)
+  }
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) descriptorPointer(t *types.Pointer) llvm.Value {
+  return d.builder.CreatePointerType(llvm.DIPointerType{
+    Pointee:     d.DIType(t.Elem()),
+    SizeInBits:  uint64(d.sizes.Sizeof(t) * 8),
+    AlignInBits: uint64(d.sizes.Alignof(t) * 8),
+  })
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) descriptorStruct(t *types.Struct, name string) llvm.Value {
+  fields := make([]*types.Var, t.NumFields())
+  for i := range fields {
+    fields[i] = t.Field(i)
+  }
+  offsets := d.sizes.Offsetsof(fields)
+  members := make([]llvm.Value, len(fields))
+  for i, f := range fields {
+    // TODO(axw) file/line where member is defined.
+    t := f.Type()
+    members[i] = d.builder.CreateMemberType(d.cu, llvm.DIMemberType{
+      Name:         f.Name(),
+      Type:         d.DIType(t),
+      SizeInBits:   uint64(d.sizes.Sizeof(t) * 8),
+      AlignInBits:  uint64(d.sizes.Alignof(t) * 8),
+      OffsetInBits: uint64(offsets[i] * 8),
+    })
+  }
+  // TODO(axw) file/line where struct is defined.
+  return d.builder.CreateStructType(d.cu, llvm.DIStructType{
+    Name:        name,
+    SizeInBits:  uint64(d.sizes.Sizeof(t) * 8),
+    AlignInBits: uint64(d.sizes.Alignof(t) * 8),
+    Elements:    members,
+  })
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) descriptorNamed(t *types.Named) llvm.Value {
+  // Create a placeholder for the named type, to terminate cycles.
+  placeholder := llvm.MDNode(nil)
+  d.types.Set(t, placeholder)
+  var diFile llvm.Value
+  var line int
+  if file := d.fset.File(t.Obj().Pos()); file != nil {
+    line = file.Line(t.Obj().Pos())
+    diFile = d.getFile(file)
+  }
+  typedef := d.builder.CreateTypedef(llvm.DITypedef{
+    Type: d.DIType(t.Underlying()),
+    Name: t.Obj().Name(),
+    File: diFile,
+    Line: line,
+  })
+  placeholder.ReplaceAllUsesWith(typedef)
+  return typedef
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) descriptorArray(t *types.Array, name string) llvm.Value {
+  return d.builder.CreateArrayType(llvm.DIArrayType{
+    SizeInBits:  uint64(d.sizes.Sizeof(t) * 8),
+    AlignInBits: uint64(d.sizes.Alignof(t) * 8),
+    ElementType: d.DIType(t.Elem()),
+    Subscripts:  []llvm.DISubrange{{Count: t.Len()}},
+  })
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) descriptorSlice(t *types.Slice, name string) llvm.Value {
+  sliceStruct := types.NewStruct([]*types.Var{
+    types.NewVar(0, nil, "ptr", types.NewPointer(t.Elem())),
+    types.NewVar(0, nil, "len", types.Typ[types.Int]),
+    types.NewVar(0, nil, "cap", types.Typ[types.Int]),
+  }, nil)
+  return d.typeDebugDescriptor(sliceStruct, name)
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) descriptorMap(t *types.Map, name string) llvm.Value {
+  return d.descriptorBasic(types.Typ[types.Uintptr], name)
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) descriptorChan(t *types.Chan, name string) llvm.Value {
+  return d.descriptorBasic(types.Typ[types.Uintptr], name)
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) descriptorInterface(t *types.Interface, name string) llvm.Value {
+  ifaceStruct := types.NewStruct([]*types.Var{
+    types.NewVar(0, nil, "type", types.NewPointer(types.Typ[types.Uint8])),
+    types.NewVar(0, nil, "data", types.NewPointer(types.Typ[types.Uint8])),
+  }, nil)
+  return d.typeDebugDescriptor(ifaceStruct, name)
+}
+
+func (d *DIBuilder) descriptorSignature(t *types.Signature, name string) llvm.Value {
+  // If there's a receiver change the receiver to an
+  // additional (first) parameter, and take the value of
+  // the resulting signature instead.
+  if recv := t.Recv(); recv != nil {
+    params := t.Params()
+    paramvars := make([]*types.Var, int(params.Len()+1))
+    paramvars[0] = recv
+    for i := 0; i < int(params.Len()); i++ {
+      paramvars[i+1] = params.At(i)
+    }
+    params = types.NewTuple(paramvars...)
+    t := types.NewSignature(nil, nil, params, t.Results(), t.Variadic())
+    return d.typeDebugDescriptor(t, name)
+  }
+  if dt, ok := d.types.At(t).(llvm.Value); ok {
+    return dt
+  }
+
+  var returnType llvm.Value
+  results := t.Results()
+  switch n := results.Len(); n {
+  case 0:
+    returnType = d.DIType(nil) // void
+  case 1:
+    returnType = d.DIType(results.At(0).Type())
+  default:
+    fields := make([]*types.Var, results.Len())
+    for i := range fields {
+      f := results.At(i)
+      // Structs may not have multiple fields
+      // with the same name, excepting "_".
+      if f.Name() == "" {
+        f = types.NewVar(f.Pos(), f.Pkg(), "_", f.Type())
+      }
+      fields[i] = f
+    }
+    returnType = d.typeDebugDescriptor(types.NewStruct(fields, nil), "")
+  }
+
+  var paramTypes []llvm.Value
+  params := t.Params()
+  if params != nil && params.Len() > 0 {
+    paramTypes = make([]llvm.Value, params.Len()+1)
+    paramTypes[0] = returnType
+    for i := range paramTypes[1:] {
+      paramTypes[i+1] = d.DIType(params.At(i).Type())
+    }
+  } else {
+    paramTypes = []llvm.Value{returnType}
+  }
+
+  // TODO(axw) get position of type definition for File field
+  return d.builder.CreateSubroutineType(llvm.DISubroutineType{
+    Parameters: paramTypes,
+  })
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/annotations.go

+//===- annotations.go - annotation processor ------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file converts llgo annotations into attributes.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/loader"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/ssa"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "go/ast"
+  "go/token"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+// processAnnotations takes an *ssa.Package and a
+// *importer.PackageInfo, and processes all of the
+// llgo source annotations attached to each top-level
+// function and global variable.
+func (c *compiler) processAnnotations(u *unit, pkginfo *loader.PackageInfo) {
+  members := make(map[types.Object]llvm.Value, len(u.globals))
+  for k, v := range u.globals {
+    members[k.(ssa.Member).Object()] = v
+  }
+  applyAttributes := func(attrs []Attribute, idents ...*ast.Ident) {
+    if len(attrs) == 0 {
+      return
+    }
+    for _, ident := range idents {
+      if v := members[pkginfo.ObjectOf(ident)]; !v.IsNil() {
+        for _, attr := range attrs {
+          attr.Apply(v)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  for _, f := range pkginfo.Files {
+    for _, decl := range f.Decls {
+      switch decl := decl.(type) {
+      case *ast.FuncDecl:
+        attrs := parseAttributes(decl.Doc)
+        applyAttributes(attrs, decl.Name)
+      case *ast.GenDecl:
+        if decl.Tok != token.VAR {
+          continue
+        }
+        for _, spec := range decl.Specs {
+          varspec := spec.(*ast.ValueSpec)
+          attrs := parseAttributes(decl.Doc)
+          applyAttributes(attrs, varspec.Names...)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/attribute.go

+//===- attribute.go - attribute processor ---------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file processes llgo and //extern attributes.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "fmt"
+  "go/ast"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+  "strings"
+)
+
+const AttributeCommentPrefix = "#llgo "
+
+// Attribute represents an attribute associated with a
+// global variable or function.
+type Attribute interface {
+  Apply(llvm.Value)
+}
+
+// parseAttribute parses zero or more #llgo comment attributes associated with
+// a global variable or function. The comment group provided will be processed
+// one line at a time using parseAttribute.
+func parseAttributes(doc *ast.CommentGroup) []Attribute {
+  var attributes []Attribute
+  if doc == nil {
+    return attributes
+  }
+  for _, comment := range doc.List {
+    if strings.HasPrefix(comment.Text, "//extern ") {
+      nameattr := nameAttribute(strings.TrimSpace(comment.Text[9:]))
+      attributes = append(attributes, nameattr)
+      continue
+    }
+    text := comment.Text[2:]
+    if strings.HasPrefix(comment.Text, "/*") {
+      text = text[:len(text)-2]
+    }
+    attr := parseAttribute(strings.TrimSpace(text))
+    if attr != nil {
+      attributes = append(attributes, attr)
+    }
+  }
+  return attributes
+}
+
+// parseAttribute parses a single #llgo comment attribute associated with
+// a global variable or function. The string provided will be parsed
+// if it begins with AttributeCommentPrefix, otherwise nil is returned.
+func parseAttribute(line string) Attribute {
+  if !strings.HasPrefix(line, AttributeCommentPrefix) {
+    return nil
+  }
+  line = strings.TrimSpace(line[len(AttributeCommentPrefix):])
+  colon := strings.IndexRune(line, ':')
+  var key, value string
+  if colon == -1 {
+    key = line
+  } else {
+    key, value = line[:colon], line[colon+1:]
+  }
+  switch key {
+  case "linkage":
+    return parseLinkageAttribute(value)
+  case "name":
+    return nameAttribute(strings.TrimSpace(value))
+  case "attr":
+    return parseLLVMAttribute(strings.TrimSpace(value))
+  case "thread_local":
+    return tlsAttribute{}
+  default:
+    // FIXME decide what to do here. return error? log warning?
+    panic("unknown attribute key: " + key)
+  }
+  return nil
+}
+
+type linkageAttribute llvm.Linkage
+
+func (a linkageAttribute) Apply(v llvm.Value) {
+  v.SetLinkage(llvm.Linkage(a))
+}
+
+func parseLinkageAttribute(value string) linkageAttribute {
+  var result linkageAttribute
+  value = strings.Replace(value, ",", " ", -1)
+  for _, field := range strings.Fields(value) {
+    switch strings.ToLower(field) {
+    case "private":
+      result |= linkageAttribute(llvm.PrivateLinkage)
+    case "internal":
+      result |= linkageAttribute(llvm.InternalLinkage)
+    case "available_externally":
+      result |= linkageAttribute(llvm.AvailableExternallyLinkage)
+    case "linkonce":
+      result |= linkageAttribute(llvm.LinkOnceAnyLinkage)
+    case "common":
+      result |= linkageAttribute(llvm.CommonLinkage)
+    case "weak":
+      result |= linkageAttribute(llvm.WeakAnyLinkage)
+    case "appending":
+      result |= linkageAttribute(llvm.AppendingLinkage)
+    case "extern_weak":
+      result |= linkageAttribute(llvm.ExternalWeakLinkage)
+    case "linkonce_odr":
+      result |= linkageAttribute(llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage)
+    case "weak_odr":
+      result |= linkageAttribute(llvm.WeakODRLinkage)
+    case "external":
+      result |= linkageAttribute(llvm.ExternalLinkage)
+    }
+  }
+  return result
+}
+
+type nameAttribute string
+
+func (a nameAttribute) Apply(v llvm.Value) {
+  if !v.IsAFunction().IsNil() {
+    name := string(a)
+    curr := v.GlobalParent().NamedFunction(name)
+    if !curr.IsNil() && curr != v {
+      if curr.BasicBlocksCount() != 0 {
+        panic(fmt.Errorf("Want to take the name %s from a function that has a body!", name))
+      }
+      curr.SetName(name + "_llgo_replaced")
+      curr.ReplaceAllUsesWith(llvm.ConstBitCast(v, curr.Type()))
+    }
+    v.SetName(name)
+  } else {
+    v.SetName(string(a))
+  }
+}
+
+func parseLLVMAttribute(value string) llvmAttribute {
+  var result llvmAttribute
+  value = strings.Replace(value, ",", " ", -1)
+  for _, field := range strings.Fields(value) {
+    switch strings.ToLower(field) {
+    case "noreturn":
+      result |= llvmAttribute(llvm.NoReturnAttribute)
+    case "nounwind":
+      result |= llvmAttribute(llvm.NoUnwindAttribute)
+    case "noinline":
+      result |= llvmAttribute(llvm.NoInlineAttribute)
+    case "alwaysinline":
+      result |= llvmAttribute(llvm.AlwaysInlineAttribute)
+    }
+  }
+  return result
+}
+
+type llvmAttribute llvm.Attribute
+
+func (a llvmAttribute) Apply(v llvm.Value) {
+  if !v.IsAFunction().IsNil() {
+    v.AddFunctionAttr(llvm.Attribute(a))
+  } else {
+    v.AddAttribute(llvm.Attribute(a))
+  }
+}
+
+type tlsAttribute struct{}
+
+func (tlsAttribute) Apply(v llvm.Value) {
+  v.SetThreadLocal(true)
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/builtins.go

+//===- builtins.go - IR generation for builtins ---------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements IR generation for the built-in functions.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+func (fr *frame) callCap(arg *govalue) *govalue {
+  var v llvm.Value
+  switch typ := arg.Type().Underlying().(type) {
+  case *types.Array:
+    v = llvm.ConstInt(fr.llvmtypes.inttype, uint64(typ.Len()), false)
+  case *types.Pointer:
+    atyp := typ.Elem().Underlying().(*types.Array)
+    v = llvm.ConstInt(fr.llvmtypes.inttype, uint64(atyp.Len()), false)
+  case *types.Slice:
+    v = fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(arg.value, 2, "")
+  case *types.Chan:
+    v = fr.runtime.chanCap.call(fr, arg.value)[0]
+  }
+  return newValue(v, types.Typ[types.Int])
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) callLen(arg *govalue) *govalue {
+  var lenvalue llvm.Value
+  switch typ := arg.Type().Underlying().(type) {
+  case *types.Array:
+    lenvalue = llvm.ConstInt(fr.llvmtypes.inttype, uint64(typ.Len()), false)
+  case *types.Pointer:
+    atyp := typ.Elem().Underlying().(*types.Array)
+    lenvalue = llvm.ConstInt(fr.llvmtypes.inttype, uint64(atyp.Len()), false)
+  case *types.Slice:
+    lenvalue = fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(arg.value, 1, "")
+  case *types.Map:
+    lenvalue = fr.runtime.mapLen.call(fr, arg.value)[0]
+  case *types.Basic:
+    if isString(typ) {
+      lenvalue = fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(arg.value, 1, "")
+    }
+  case *types.Chan:
+    lenvalue = fr.runtime.chanLen.call(fr, arg.value)[0]
+  }
+  return newValue(lenvalue, types.Typ[types.Int])
+}
+
+// callAppend takes two slices of the same type, and yields
+// the result of appending the second to the first.
+func (fr *frame) callAppend(a, b *govalue) *govalue {
+  bptr := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(b.value, 0, "")
+  blen := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(b.value, 1, "")
+  elemsizeInt64 := fr.types.Sizeof(a.Type().Underlying().(*types.Slice).Elem())
+  elemsize := llvm.ConstInt(fr.target.IntPtrType(), uint64(elemsizeInt64), false)
+  result := fr.runtime.append.call(fr, a.value, bptr, blen, elemsize)[0]
+  return newValue(result, a.Type())
+}
+
+// callCopy takes two slices a and b of the same type, and
+// yields the result of calling "copy(a, b)".
+func (fr *frame) callCopy(dest, source *govalue) *govalue {
+  aptr := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(dest.value, 0, "")
+  alen := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(dest.value, 1, "")
+  bptr := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(source.value, 0, "")
+  blen := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(source.value, 1, "")
+  aless := fr.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntULT, alen, blen, "")
+  minlen := fr.builder.CreateSelect(aless, alen, blen, "")
+  elemsizeInt64 := fr.types.Sizeof(dest.Type().Underlying().(*types.Slice).Elem())
+  elemsize := llvm.ConstInt(fr.types.inttype, uint64(elemsizeInt64), false)
+  bytes := fr.builder.CreateMul(minlen, elemsize, "")
+  fr.runtime.copy.call(fr, aptr, bptr, bytes)
+  return newValue(minlen, types.Typ[types.Int])
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) callRecover(isDeferredRecover bool) *govalue {
+  startbb := fr.builder.GetInsertBlock()
+  recoverbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  contbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  canRecover := fr.builder.CreateTrunc(fr.canRecover, llvm.Int1Type(), "")
+  fr.builder.CreateCondBr(canRecover, recoverbb, contbb)
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(recoverbb)
+  var recovered llvm.Value
+  if isDeferredRecover {
+    recovered = fr.runtime.deferredRecover.call(fr)[0]
+  } else {
+    recovered = fr.runtime.recover.call(fr)[0]
+  }
+  recoverbb = fr.builder.GetInsertBlock()
+  fr.builder.CreateBr(contbb)
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(contbb)
+  eface := types.NewInterface(nil, nil)
+  llv := fr.builder.CreatePHI(fr.types.ToLLVM(eface), "")
+  llv.AddIncoming(
+    []llvm.Value{llvm.ConstNull(llv.Type()), recovered},
+    []llvm.BasicBlock{startbb, recoverbb},
+  )
+  return newValue(llv, eface)
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) callPanic(arg *govalue) {
+  fr.runtime.panic.call(fr, arg.value)
+  fr.builder.CreateUnreachable()
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/cabi.go

+//===- cabi.go - C ABI abstraction layer ----------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements an abstraction layer for the platform's C ABI (currently
+// supports only Linux/x86_64).
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+type abiArgInfo int
+
+const (
+  AIK_Direct = abiArgInfo(iota)
+  AIK_Indirect
+)
+
+type backendType interface {
+  ToLLVM(llvm.Context) llvm.Type
+}
+
+type ptrBType struct {
+}
+
+func (t ptrBType) ToLLVM(c llvm.Context) llvm.Type {
+  return llvm.PointerType(c.Int8Type(), 0)
+}
+
+type intBType struct {
+  width  int
+  signed bool
+}
+
+func (t intBType) ToLLVM(c llvm.Context) llvm.Type {
+  return c.IntType(t.width * 8)
+}
+
+type floatBType struct {
+  isDouble bool
+}
+
+func (t floatBType) ToLLVM(c llvm.Context) llvm.Type {
+  if t.isDouble {
+    return c.DoubleType()
+  } else {
+    return c.FloatType()
+  }
+}
+
+type structBType struct {
+  fields []backendType
+}
+
+func (t structBType) ToLLVM(c llvm.Context) llvm.Type {
+  var lfields []llvm.Type
+  for _, f := range t.fields {
+    lfields = append(lfields, f.ToLLVM(c))
+  }
+  return c.StructType(lfields, false)
+}
+
+type arrayBType struct {
+  length uint64
+  elem   backendType
+}
+
+func (t arrayBType) ToLLVM(c llvm.Context) llvm.Type {
+  return llvm.ArrayType(t.elem.ToLLVM(c), int(t.length))
+}
+
+// align returns the smallest y >= x such that y % a == 0.
+func align(x, a int64) int64 {
+  y := x + a - 1
+  return y - y%a
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) sizeofStruct(fields ...types.Type) int64 {
+  var o int64
+  for _, f := range fields {
+    a := tm.Alignof(f)
+    o = align(o, a)
+    o += tm.Sizeof(f)
+  }
+  return o
+}
+
+// This decides whether the x86_64 classification algorithm produces MEMORY for
+// the given type. Given the subset of types that Go supports, this is exactly
+// equivalent to testing the type's size.  See in particular the first step of
+// the algorithm and its footnote.
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) classify(t ...types.Type) abiArgInfo {
+  if tm.sizeofStruct(t...) > 16 {
+    return AIK_Indirect
+  }
+  return AIK_Direct
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) sliceBackendType() backendType {
+  i8ptr := &ptrBType{}
+  uintptr := &intBType{tm.target.PointerSize(), false}
+  return &structBType{[]backendType{i8ptr, uintptr, uintptr}}
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) getBackendType(t types.Type) backendType {
+  switch t := t.(type) {
+  case *types.Named:
+    return tm.getBackendType(t.Underlying())
+
+  case *types.Basic:
+    switch t.Kind() {
+    case types.Bool, types.Uint8:
+      return &intBType{1, false}
+    case types.Int8:
+      return &intBType{1, true}
+    case types.Uint16:
+      return &intBType{2, false}
+    case types.Int16:
+      return &intBType{2, true}
+    case types.Uint32:
+      return &intBType{4, false}
+    case types.Int32:
+      return &intBType{4, true}
+    case types.Uint64:
+      return &intBType{8, false}
+    case types.Int64:
+      return &intBType{8, true}
+    case types.Uint, types.Uintptr:
+      return &intBType{tm.target.PointerSize(), false}
+    case types.Int:
+      return &intBType{tm.target.PointerSize(), true}
+    case types.Float32:
+      return &floatBType{false}
+    case types.Float64:
+      return &floatBType{true}
+    case types.UnsafePointer:
+      return &ptrBType{}
+    case types.Complex64:
+      f32 := &floatBType{false}
+      return &structBType{[]backendType{f32, f32}}
+    case types.Complex128:
+      f64 := &floatBType{true}
+      return &structBType{[]backendType{f64, f64}}
+    case types.String:
+      return &structBType{[]backendType{&ptrBType{}, &intBType{tm.target.PointerSize(), false}}}
+    }
+
+  case *types.Struct:
+    var fields []backendType
+    for i := 0; i != t.NumFields(); i++ {
+      f := t.Field(i)
+      fields = append(fields, tm.getBackendType(f.Type()))
+    }
+    return &structBType{fields}
+
+  case *types.Pointer, *types.Signature, *types.Map, *types.Chan:
+    return &ptrBType{}
+
+  case *types.Interface:
+    i8ptr := &ptrBType{}
+    return &structBType{[]backendType{i8ptr, i8ptr}}
+
+  case *types.Slice:
+    return tm.sliceBackendType()
+
+  case *types.Array:
+    return &arrayBType{uint64(t.Len()), tm.getBackendType(t.Elem())}
+  }
+
+  panic("unhandled type: " + t.String())
+}
+
+type offsetedType struct {
+  typ    backendType
+  offset uint64
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) getBackendOffsets(bt backendType) (offsets []offsetedType) {
+  switch bt := bt.(type) {
+  case *structBType:
+    t := bt.ToLLVM(tm.ctx)
+    for i, f := range bt.fields {
+      offset := tm.target.ElementOffset(t, i)
+      fieldOffsets := tm.getBackendOffsets(f)
+      for _, fo := range fieldOffsets {
+        offsets = append(offsets, offsetedType{fo.typ, offset + fo.offset})
+      }
+    }
+
+  case *arrayBType:
+    size := tm.target.TypeAllocSize(bt.elem.ToLLVM(tm.ctx))
+    fieldOffsets := tm.getBackendOffsets(bt.elem)
+    for i := uint64(0); i != bt.length; i++ {
+      for _, fo := range fieldOffsets {
+        offsets = append(offsets, offsetedType{fo.typ, i*size + fo.offset})
+      }
+    }
+
+  default:
+    offsets = []offsetedType{offsetedType{bt, 0}}
+  }
+
+  return
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) classifyEightbyte(offsets []offsetedType, numInt, numSSE *int) llvm.Type {
+  if len(offsets) == 1 {
+    if _, ok := offsets[0].typ.(*floatBType); ok {
+      *numSSE++
+    } else {
+      *numInt++
+    }
+    return offsets[0].typ.ToLLVM(tm.ctx)
+  }
+  // This implements classification for the basic types and step 4 of the
+  // classification algorithm. At this point, the only two possible
+  // classifications are SSE (floats) and INTEGER (everything else).
+  sse := true
+  for _, ot := range offsets {
+    if _, ok := ot.typ.(*floatBType); !ok {
+      sse = false
+      break
+    }
+  }
+  if sse {
+    // This can only be (float, float), which uses an SSE vector.
+    *numSSE++
+    return llvm.VectorType(tm.ctx.FloatType(), 2)
+  } else {
+    *numInt++
+    width := offsets[len(offsets)-1].offset + tm.target.TypeAllocSize(offsets[len(offsets)-1].typ.ToLLVM(tm.ctx)) - offsets[0].offset
+    return tm.ctx.IntType(int(width) * 8)
+  }
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) expandType(argTypes []llvm.Type, argAttrs []llvm.Attribute, bt backendType) ([]llvm.Type, []llvm.Attribute, int, int) {
+  var numInt, numSSE int
+
+  switch bt := bt.(type) {
+  case *structBType, *arrayBType:
+    bo := tm.getBackendOffsets(bt)
+    sp := 0
+    for sp != len(bo) && bo[sp].offset < 8 {
+      sp++
+    }
+    eb1 := bo[0:sp]
+    eb2 := bo[sp:]
+    if len(eb2) > 0 {
+      argTypes = append(argTypes, tm.classifyEightbyte(eb1, &numInt, &numSSE), tm.classifyEightbyte(eb2, &numInt, &numSSE))
+      argAttrs = append(argAttrs, 0, 0)
+    } else {
+      argTypes = append(argTypes, tm.classifyEightbyte(eb1, &numInt, &numSSE))
+      argAttrs = append(argAttrs, 0)
+    }
+
+  default:
+    argTypes = append(argTypes, tm.classifyEightbyte([]offsetedType{{bt, 0}}, &numInt, &numSSE))
+    argAttrs = append(argAttrs, 0)
+  }
+
+  return argTypes, argAttrs, numInt, numSSE
+}
+
+type argInfo interface {
+  // Emit instructions to builder to ABI encode val and store result to args.
+  encode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, args []llvm.Value, val llvm.Value)
+
+  // Emit instructions to builder to ABI decode and return the resulting Value.
+  decode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder) llvm.Value
+}
+
+type retInfo interface {
+  // Prepare args to receive a value. allocaBuilder refers to a builder in the entry block.
+  prepare(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, args []llvm.Value)
+
+  // Emit instructions to builder to ABI decode the return value(s), if any. call is the
+  // call instruction. Must be called after prepare().
+  decode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, call llvm.Value) []llvm.Value
+
+  // Emit instructions to builder to ABI encode the return value(s), if any, and return.
+  encode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, vals []llvm.Value)
+}
+
+type directArgInfo struct {
+  argOffset int
+  argTypes  []llvm.Type
+  valType   llvm.Type
+}
+
+func directEncode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, argTypes []llvm.Type, args []llvm.Value, val llvm.Value) {
+  valType := val.Type()
+
+  switch len(argTypes) {
+  case 0:
+    // do nothing
+
+  case 1:
+    if argTypes[0].C == valType.C {
+      args[0] = val
+      return
+    }
+    alloca := allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(valType, "")
+    bitcast := builder.CreateBitCast(alloca, llvm.PointerType(argTypes[0], 0), "")
+    builder.CreateStore(val, alloca)
+    args[0] = builder.CreateLoad(bitcast, "")
+
+  case 2:
+    encodeType := llvm.StructType(argTypes, false)
+    alloca := allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(valType, "")
+    bitcast := builder.CreateBitCast(alloca, llvm.PointerType(encodeType, 0), "")
+    builder.CreateStore(val, alloca)
+    args[0] = builder.CreateLoad(builder.CreateStructGEP(bitcast, 0, ""), "")
+    args[1] = builder.CreateLoad(builder.CreateStructGEP(bitcast, 1, ""), "")
+
+  default:
+    panic("unexpected argTypes size")
+  }
+}
+
+func (ai *directArgInfo) encode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, args []llvm.Value, val llvm.Value) {
+  directEncode(ctx, allocaBuilder, builder, ai.argTypes, args[ai.argOffset:ai.argOffset+len(ai.argTypes)], val)
+}
+
+func directDecode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, valType llvm.Type, args []llvm.Value) llvm.Value {
+  var alloca llvm.Value
+
+  switch len(args) {
+  case 0:
+    return llvm.ConstNull(ctx.StructType(nil, false))
+
+  case 1:
+    if args[0].Type().C == valType.C {
+      return args[0]
+    }
+    alloca = allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(valType, "")
+    bitcast := builder.CreateBitCast(alloca, llvm.PointerType(args[0].Type(), 0), "")
+    builder.CreateStore(args[0], bitcast)
+
+  case 2:
+    alloca = allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(valType, "")
+    var argTypes []llvm.Type
+    for _, a := range args {
+      argTypes = append(argTypes, a.Type())
+    }
+    encodeType := ctx.StructType(argTypes, false)
+    bitcast := builder.CreateBitCast(alloca, llvm.PointerType(encodeType, 0), "")
+    builder.CreateStore(args[0], builder.CreateStructGEP(bitcast, 0, ""))
+    builder.CreateStore(args[1], builder.CreateStructGEP(bitcast, 1, ""))
+
+  default:
+    panic("unexpected argTypes size")
+  }
+
+  return builder.CreateLoad(alloca, "")
+}
+
+func (ai *directArgInfo) decode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder) llvm.Value {
+  var args []llvm.Value
+  fn := builder.GetInsertBlock().Parent()
+  for i, _ := range ai.argTypes {
+    args = append(args, fn.Param(ai.argOffset+i))
+  }
+  return directDecode(ctx, allocaBuilder, builder, ai.valType, args)
+}
+
+type indirectArgInfo struct {
+  argOffset int
+}
+
+func (ai *indirectArgInfo) encode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, args []llvm.Value, val llvm.Value) {
+  alloca := allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(val.Type(), "")
+  builder.CreateStore(val, alloca)
+  args[ai.argOffset] = alloca
+}
+
+func (ai *indirectArgInfo) decode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder) llvm.Value {
+  fn := builder.GetInsertBlock().Parent()
+  return builder.CreateLoad(fn.Param(ai.argOffset), "")
+}
+
+type directRetInfo struct {
+  numResults  int
+  retTypes    []llvm.Type
+  resultsType llvm.Type
+}
+
+func (ri *directRetInfo) prepare(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, args []llvm.Value) {
+}
+
+func (ri *directRetInfo) decode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, call llvm.Value) []llvm.Value {
+  var args []llvm.Value
+  switch len(ri.retTypes) {
+  case 0:
+    return nil
+  case 1:
+    args = []llvm.Value{call}
+  default:
+    args = make([]llvm.Value, len(ri.retTypes))
+    for i := 0; i != len(ri.retTypes); i++ {
+      args[i] = builder.CreateExtractValue(call, i, "")
+    }
+  }
+
+  d := directDecode(ctx, allocaBuilder, builder, ri.resultsType, args)
+
+  if ri.numResults == 1 {
+    return []llvm.Value{d}
+  } else {
+    results := make([]llvm.Value, ri.numResults)
+    for i := 0; i != ri.numResults; i++ {
+      results[i] = builder.CreateExtractValue(d, i, "")
+    }
+    return results
+  }
+}
+
+func (ri *directRetInfo) encode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, vals []llvm.Value) {
+  if len(ri.retTypes) == 0 {
+    builder.CreateRetVoid()
+    return
+  }
+
+  var val llvm.Value
+  switch ri.numResults {
+  case 1:
+    val = vals[0]
+  default:
+    val = llvm.Undef(ri.resultsType)
+    for i, v := range vals {
+      val = builder.CreateInsertValue(val, v, i, "")
+    }
+  }
+
+  args := make([]llvm.Value, len(ri.retTypes))
+  directEncode(ctx, allocaBuilder, builder, ri.retTypes, args, val)
+
+  var retval llvm.Value
+  switch len(ri.retTypes) {
+  case 1:
+    retval = args[0]
+  default:
+    retval = llvm.Undef(ctx.StructType(ri.retTypes, false))
+    for i, a := range args {
+      retval = builder.CreateInsertValue(retval, a, i, "")
+    }
+  }
+  builder.CreateRet(retval)
+}
+
+type indirectRetInfo struct {
+  numResults  int
+  sretSlot    llvm.Value
+  resultsType llvm.Type
+}
+
+func (ri *indirectRetInfo) prepare(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, args []llvm.Value) {
+  ri.sretSlot = allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(ri.resultsType, "")
+  args[0] = ri.sretSlot
+}
+
+func (ri *indirectRetInfo) decode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, call llvm.Value) []llvm.Value {
+  if ri.numResults == 1 {
+    return []llvm.Value{builder.CreateLoad(ri.sretSlot, "")}
+  } else {
+    vals := make([]llvm.Value, ri.numResults)
+    for i, _ := range vals {
+      vals[i] = builder.CreateLoad(builder.CreateStructGEP(ri.sretSlot, i, ""), "")
+    }
+    return vals
+  }
+}
+
+func (ri *indirectRetInfo) encode(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, vals []llvm.Value) {
+  fn := builder.GetInsertBlock().Parent()
+  sretSlot := fn.Param(0)
+
+  if ri.numResults == 1 {
+    builder.CreateStore(vals[0], sretSlot)
+  } else {
+    for i, v := range vals {
+      builder.CreateStore(v, builder.CreateStructGEP(sretSlot, i, ""))
+    }
+  }
+  builder.CreateRetVoid()
+}
+
+type functionTypeInfo struct {
+  functionType llvm.Type
+  argAttrs     []llvm.Attribute
+  retAttr      llvm.Attribute
+  argInfos     []argInfo
+  retInf       retInfo
+}
+
+func (fi *functionTypeInfo) declare(m llvm.Module, name string) llvm.Value {
+  fn := llvm.AddFunction(m, name, fi.functionType)
+  fn.AddFunctionAttr(fi.retAttr)
+  for i, a := range fi.argAttrs {
+    if a != 0 {
+      fn.Param(i).AddAttribute(a)
+    }
+  }
+  return fn
+}
+
+func (fi *functionTypeInfo) call(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, callee llvm.Value, args []llvm.Value) []llvm.Value {
+  callArgs := make([]llvm.Value, len(fi.argAttrs))
+  for i, a := range args {
+    fi.argInfos[i].encode(ctx, allocaBuilder, builder, callArgs, a)
+  }
+  fi.retInf.prepare(ctx, allocaBuilder, callArgs)
+  typedCallee := builder.CreateBitCast(callee, llvm.PointerType(fi.functionType, 0), "")
+  call := builder.CreateCall(typedCallee, callArgs, "")
+  call.AddInstrAttribute(0, fi.retAttr)
+  for i, a := range fi.argAttrs {
+    call.AddInstrAttribute(i+1, a)
+  }
+  return fi.retInf.decode(ctx, allocaBuilder, builder, call)
+}
+
+func (fi *functionTypeInfo) invoke(ctx llvm.Context, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder, builder llvm.Builder, callee llvm.Value, args []llvm.Value, cont, lpad llvm.BasicBlock) []llvm.Value {
+  callArgs := make([]llvm.Value, len(fi.argAttrs))
+  for i, a := range args {
+    fi.argInfos[i].encode(ctx, allocaBuilder, builder, callArgs, a)
+  }
+  fi.retInf.prepare(ctx, allocaBuilder, callArgs)
+  typedCallee := builder.CreateBitCast(callee, llvm.PointerType(fi.functionType, 0), "")
+  call := builder.CreateInvoke(typedCallee, callArgs, cont, lpad, "")
+  call.AddInstrAttribute(0, fi.retAttr)
+  for i, a := range fi.argAttrs {
+    call.AddInstrAttribute(i+1, a)
+  }
+  builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(cont)
+  return fi.retInf.decode(ctx, allocaBuilder, builder, call)
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) getFunctionTypeInfo(args []types.Type, results []types.Type) (fi functionTypeInfo) {
+  var returnType llvm.Type
+  var argTypes []llvm.Type
+  if len(results) == 0 {
+    returnType = llvm.VoidType()
+    fi.retInf = &directRetInfo{}
+  } else {
+    aik := tm.classify(results...)
+
+    var resultsType llvm.Type
+    if len(results) == 1 {
+      resultsType = tm.ToLLVM(results[0])
+    } else {
+      elements := make([]llvm.Type, len(results))
+      for i := range elements {
+        elements[i] = tm.ToLLVM(results[i])
+      }
+      resultsType = tm.ctx.StructType(elements, false)
+    }
+
+    switch aik {
+    case AIK_Direct:
+      var retFields []backendType
+      for _, t := range results {
+        retFields = append(retFields, tm.getBackendType(t))
+      }
+      bt := &structBType{retFields}
+
+      retTypes, retAttrs, _, _ := tm.expandType(nil, nil, bt)
+      switch len(retTypes) {
+      case 0: // e.g., empty struct
+        returnType = llvm.VoidType()
+      case 1:
+        returnType = retTypes[0]
+        fi.retAttr = retAttrs[0]
+      case 2:
+        returnType = llvm.StructType(retTypes, false)
+      default:
+        panic("unexpected expandType result")
+      }
+      fi.retInf = &directRetInfo{numResults: len(results), retTypes: retTypes, resultsType: resultsType}
+
+    case AIK_Indirect:
+      returnType = llvm.VoidType()
+      argTypes = []llvm.Type{llvm.PointerType(resultsType, 0)}
+      fi.argAttrs = []llvm.Attribute{llvm.StructRetAttribute}
+      fi.retInf = &indirectRetInfo{numResults: len(results), resultsType: resultsType}
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Keep track of the number of INTEGER/SSE class registers remaining.
+  remainingInt := 6
+  remainingSSE := 8
+
+  for _, arg := range args {
+    aik := tm.classify(arg)
+
+    isDirect := aik == AIK_Direct
+    if isDirect {
+      bt := tm.getBackendType(arg)
+      directArgTypes, directArgAttrs, numInt, numSSE := tm.expandType(argTypes, fi.argAttrs, bt)
+
+      // Check if the argument can fit into the remaining registers, or if
+      // it would just occupy one register (which pushes the whole argument
+      // onto the stack anyway).
+      if numInt <= remainingInt && numSSE <= remainingSSE || numInt+numSSE == 1 {
+        remainingInt -= numInt
+        remainingSSE -= numSSE
+        argInfo := &directArgInfo{argOffset: len(argTypes), valType: bt.ToLLVM(tm.ctx)}
+        fi.argInfos = append(fi.argInfos, argInfo)
+        argTypes = directArgTypes
+        fi.argAttrs = directArgAttrs
+        argInfo.argTypes = argTypes[argInfo.argOffset:len(argTypes)]
+      } else {
+        // No remaining registers; pass on the stack.
+        isDirect = false
+      }
+    }
+
+    if !isDirect {
+      fi.argInfos = append(fi.argInfos, &indirectArgInfo{len(argTypes)})
+      argTypes = append(argTypes, llvm.PointerType(tm.ToLLVM(arg), 0))
+      fi.argAttrs = append(fi.argAttrs, llvm.ByValAttribute)
+    }
+  }
+
+  fi.functionType = llvm.FunctionType(returnType, argTypes, false)
+  return
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) getSignatureInfo(sig *types.Signature) functionTypeInfo {
+  var args, results []types.Type
+  if sig.Recv() != nil {
+    recvtype := sig.Recv().Type()
+    if _, ok := recvtype.Underlying().(*types.Pointer); !ok && recvtype != types.Typ[types.UnsafePointer] {
+      recvtype = types.NewPointer(recvtype)
+    }
+    args = []types.Type{recvtype}
+  }
+
+  for i := 0; i != sig.Params().Len(); i++ {
+    args = append(args, sig.Params().At(i).Type())
+  }
+  for i := 0; i != sig.Results().Len(); i++ {
+    results = append(results, sig.Results().At(i).Type())
+  }
+  return tm.getFunctionTypeInfo(args, results)
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/call.go

+//===- call.go - IR generation for calls ----------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements IR generation for calls.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+// createCall emits the code for a function call,
+// taking into account receivers, and panic/defer.
+func (fr *frame) createCall(fn *govalue, argValues []*govalue) []*govalue {
+  fntyp := fn.Type().Underlying().(*types.Signature)
+  typinfo := fr.types.getSignatureInfo(fntyp)
+
+  args := make([]llvm.Value, len(argValues))
+  for i, arg := range argValues {
+    args[i] = arg.value
+  }
+  var results []llvm.Value
+  if fr.unwindBlock.IsNil() {
+    results = typinfo.call(fr.types.ctx, fr.allocaBuilder, fr.builder, fn.value, args)
+  } else {
+    contbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+    results = typinfo.invoke(fr.types.ctx, fr.allocaBuilder, fr.builder, fn.value, args, contbb, fr.unwindBlock)
+  }
+
+  resultValues := make([]*govalue, len(results))
+  for i, res := range results {
+    resultValues[i] = newValue(res, fntyp.Results().At(i).Type())
+  }
+  return resultValues
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/channels.go

+//===- channels.go - IR generation for channels ---------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements IR generation for channels.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+// makeChan implements make(chantype[, size])
+func (fr *frame) makeChan(chantyp types.Type, size *govalue) *govalue {
+  // TODO(pcc): call __go_new_channel_big here if needed
+  dyntyp := fr.types.ToRuntime(chantyp)
+  size = fr.convert(size, types.Typ[types.Uintptr])
+  ch := fr.runtime.newChannel.call(fr, dyntyp, size.value)[0]
+  return newValue(ch, chantyp)
+}
+
+// chanSend implements ch<- x
+func (fr *frame) chanSend(ch *govalue, elem *govalue) {
+  elemtyp := ch.Type().Underlying().(*types.Chan).Elem()
+  elem = fr.convert(elem, elemtyp)
+  elemptr := fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(elem.value.Type(), "")
+  fr.builder.CreateStore(elem.value, elemptr)
+  elemptr = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(elemptr, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), "")
+  chantyp := fr.types.ToRuntime(ch.Type())
+  fr.runtime.sendBig.call(fr, chantyp, ch.value, elemptr)
+}
+
+// chanRecv implements x[, ok] = <-ch
+func (fr *frame) chanRecv(ch *govalue, commaOk bool) (x, ok *govalue) {
+  elemtyp := ch.Type().Underlying().(*types.Chan).Elem()
+  ptr := fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(fr.types.ToLLVM(elemtyp), "")
+  ptri8 := fr.builder.CreateBitCast(ptr, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), "")
+  chantyp := fr.types.ToRuntime(ch.Type())
+
+  if commaOk {
+    okval := fr.runtime.chanrecv2.call(fr, chantyp, ch.value, ptri8)[0]
+    ok = newValue(okval, types.Typ[types.Bool])
+  } else {
+    fr.runtime.receive.call(fr, chantyp, ch.value, ptri8)
+  }
+  x = newValue(fr.builder.CreateLoad(ptr, ""), elemtyp)
+  return
+}
+
+// chanClose implements close(ch)
+func (fr *frame) chanClose(ch *govalue) {
+  fr.runtime.builtinClose.call(fr, ch.value)
+}
+
+// selectState is equivalent to ssa.SelectState
+type selectState struct {
+  Dir  types.ChanDir
+  Chan *govalue
+  Send *govalue
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) chanSelect(states []selectState, blocking bool) (index, recvOk *govalue, recvElems []*govalue) {
+  n := uint64(len(states))
+  if !blocking {
+    // non-blocking means there's a default case
+    n++
+  }
+  size := llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), n, false)
+  selectp := fr.runtime.newSelect.call(fr, size)[0]
+
+  // Allocate stack for the values to send and receive.
+  //
+  // TODO(axw) check if received elements have any users, and
+  // elide stack allocation if not (pass nil to recv2 instead.)
+  ptrs := make([]llvm.Value, len(states))
+  for i, state := range states {
+    chantyp := state.Chan.Type().Underlying().(*types.Chan)
+    elemtyp := fr.types.ToLLVM(chantyp.Elem())
+    ptrs[i] = fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(elemtyp, "")
+    if state.Dir == types.SendOnly {
+      fr.builder.CreateStore(state.Send.value, ptrs[i])
+    } else {
+      recvElems = append(recvElems, newValue(ptrs[i], chantyp.Elem()))
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Create select{send,recv2} calls.
+  var receivedp llvm.Value
+  if len(recvElems) > 0 {
+    receivedp = fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(fr.types.ToLLVM(types.Typ[types.Bool]), "")
+  }
+  if !blocking {
+    // If the default case is chosen, the index must be -1.
+    fr.runtime.selectdefault.call(fr, selectp, llvm.ConstAllOnes(llvm.Int32Type()))
+  }
+  for i, state := range states {
+    ch := state.Chan.value
+    index := llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), uint64(i), false)
+    if state.Dir == types.SendOnly {
+      fr.runtime.selectsend.call(fr, selectp, ch, ptrs[i], index)
+    } else {
+      fr.runtime.selectrecv2.call(fr, selectp, ch, ptrs[i], receivedp, index)
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Fire off the select.
+  index = newValue(fr.runtime.selectgo.call(fr, selectp)[0], types.Typ[types.Int])
+  if len(recvElems) > 0 {
+    recvOk = newValue(fr.builder.CreateLoad(receivedp, ""), types.Typ[types.Bool])
+    for _, recvElem := range recvElems {
+      recvElem.value = fr.builder.CreateLoad(recvElem.value, "")
+    }
+  }
+  return index, recvOk, recvElems
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/closures.go

+//===- closures.go - IR generation for closures ---------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements IR generation for closures.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+)
+
+// makeClosure creates a closure from a function pointer and
+// a set of bindings. The bindings are addresses of captured
+// variables.
+func (fr *frame) makeClosure(fn *govalue, bindings []*govalue) *govalue {
+  govalues := append([]*govalue{fn}, bindings...)
+  fields := make([]*types.Var, len(govalues))
+  for i, v := range govalues {
+    field := types.NewField(0, nil, "_", v.Type(), false)
+    fields[i] = field
+  }
+  block := fr.createTypeMalloc(types.NewStruct(fields, nil))
+  for i, v := range govalues {
+    addressPtr := fr.builder.CreateStructGEP(block, i, "")
+    fr.builder.CreateStore(v.value, addressPtr)
+  }
+  closure := fr.builder.CreateBitCast(block, fn.value.Type(), "")
+  return newValue(closure, fn.Type())
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/compiler.go

+//===- compiler.go - IR generator entry point -----------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements the main IR generator entry point, (*Compiler).Compile.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "bytes"
+  "fmt"
+  "go/token"
+  "log"
+  "sort"
+  "strconv"
+  "strings"
+
+  llgobuild "llvm.org/llgo/build"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/debug"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/gccgoimporter"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/importer"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/loader"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/ssa"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+)
+
+type Module struct {
+  llvm.Module
+  Path       string
+  ExportData []byte
+  disposed   bool
+}
+
+func (m *Module) Dispose() {
+  if m.disposed {
+    return
+  }
+  m.Module.Dispose()
+  m.disposed = true
+}
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+type CompilerOptions struct {
+  // TargetTriple is the LLVM triple for the target.
+  TargetTriple string
+
+  // GenerateDebug decides whether debug data is
+  // generated in the output module.
+  GenerateDebug bool
+
+  // DebugPrefixMaps is a list of mappings from source prefixes to
+  // replacement prefixes, to be applied in debug info.
+  DebugPrefixMaps []debug.PrefixMap
+
+  // Logger is a logger used for tracing compilation.
+  Logger *log.Logger
+
+  // DumpSSA is a debugging option that dumps each SSA function
+  // to stderr before generating code for it.
+  DumpSSA bool
+
+  // GccgoPath is the path to the gccgo binary whose libgo we read import
+  // data from. If blank, the caller is expected to supply an import
+  // path in ImportPaths.
+  GccgoPath string
+
+  // ImportPaths is the list of additional import paths
+  ImportPaths []string
+
+  // SanitizerAttribute is an attribute to apply to functions to enable
+  // dynamic instrumentation using a sanitizer.
+  SanitizerAttribute llvm.Attribute
+}
+
+type Compiler struct {
+  opts       CompilerOptions
+  dataLayout string
+  pnacl      bool
+}
+
+func NewCompiler(opts CompilerOptions) (*Compiler, error) {
+  compiler := &Compiler{opts: opts}
+  if strings.ToLower(compiler.opts.TargetTriple) == "pnacl" {
+    compiler.opts.TargetTriple = PNaClTriple
+    compiler.pnacl = true
+  }
+  dataLayout, err := llvmDataLayout(compiler.opts.TargetTriple)
+  if err != nil {
+    return nil, err
+  }
+  compiler.dataLayout = dataLayout
+  return compiler, nil
+}
+
+func (c *Compiler) Compile(filenames []string, importpath string) (m *Module, err error) {
+  target := llvm.NewTargetData(c.dataLayout)
+  compiler := &compiler{
+    CompilerOptions: c.opts,
+    dataLayout:      c.dataLayout,
+    target:          target,
+    pnacl:           c.pnacl,
+    llvmtypes:       NewLLVMTypeMap(llvm.GlobalContext(), target),
+  }
+  return compiler.compile(filenames, importpath)
+}
+
+type compiler struct {
+  CompilerOptions
+
+  module     *Module
+  dataLayout string
+  target     llvm.TargetData
+  fileset    *token.FileSet
+
+  runtime   *runtimeInterface
+  llvmtypes *llvmTypeMap
+  types     *TypeMap
+
+  // runtimetypespkg is the type-checked runtime/types.go file,
+  // which is used for evaluating the types of runtime functions.
+  runtimetypespkg *types.Package
+
+  // pnacl is set to true if the target triple was originally
+  // specified as "pnacl". This is necessary, as the TargetTriple
+  // field will have been updated to the true triple used to
+  // compile PNaCl modules.
+  pnacl bool
+
+  debug *debug.DIBuilder
+}
+
+func (c *compiler) logf(format string, v ...interface{}) {
+  if c.Logger != nil {
+    c.Logger.Printf(format, v...)
+  }
+}
+
+func (c *compiler) addCommonFunctionAttrs(fn llvm.Value) {
+  fn.AddTargetDependentFunctionAttr("disable-tail-calls", "true")
+  fn.AddTargetDependentFunctionAttr("split-stack", "")
+  if attr := c.SanitizerAttribute; attr != 0 {
+    fn.AddFunctionAttr(attr)
+  }
+}
+
+func (compiler *compiler) compile(filenames []string, importpath string) (m *Module, err error) {
+  buildctx, err := llgobuild.ContextFromTriple(compiler.TargetTriple)
+  if err != nil {
+    return nil, err
+  }
+
+  initmap := make(map[*types.Package]gccgoimporter.InitData)
+  var importer types.Importer
+  if compiler.GccgoPath == "" {
+    paths := append(append([]string{}, compiler.ImportPaths...), ".")
+    importer = gccgoimporter.GetImporter(paths, initmap)
+  } else {
+    var inst gccgoimporter.GccgoInstallation
+    err = inst.InitFromDriver(compiler.GccgoPath)
+    if err != nil {
+      return nil, err
+    }
+    importer = inst.GetImporter(compiler.ImportPaths, initmap)
+  }
+
+  impcfg := &loader.Config{
+    Fset: token.NewFileSet(),
+    TypeChecker: types.Config{
+      Import: importer,
+      Sizes:  compiler.llvmtypes,
+    },
+    Build: &buildctx.Context,
+  }
+  // Must use parseFiles, so we retain comments;
+  // this is important for annotation processing.
+  astFiles, err := parseFiles(impcfg.Fset, filenames)
+  if err != nil {
+    return nil, err
+  }
+  // If no import path is specified, then set the import
+  // path to be the same as the package's name.
+  if importpath == "" {
+    importpath = astFiles[0].Name.String()
+  }
+  impcfg.CreateFromFiles(importpath, astFiles...)
+  iprog, err := impcfg.Load()
+  if err != nil {
+    return nil, err
+  }
+  program := ssa.Create(iprog, ssa.BareInits)
+  mainPkginfo := iprog.InitialPackages()[0]
+  mainPkg := program.CreatePackage(mainPkginfo)
+
+  // Create a Module, which contains the LLVM module.
+  modulename := importpath
+  compiler.module = &Module{Module: llvm.NewModule(modulename), Path: modulename}
+  compiler.module.SetTarget(compiler.TargetTriple)
+  compiler.module.SetDataLayout(compiler.dataLayout)
+
+  // Create a new translation unit.
+  unit := newUnit(compiler, mainPkg)
+
+  // Create the runtime interface.
+  compiler.runtime, err = newRuntimeInterface(compiler.module.Module, compiler.llvmtypes)
+  if err != nil {
+    return nil, err
+  }
+
+  mainPkg.Build()
+
+  // Create a struct responsible for mapping static types to LLVM types,
+  // and to runtime/dynamic type values.
+  compiler.types = NewTypeMap(
+    mainPkg,
+    compiler.llvmtypes,
+    compiler.module.Module,
+    compiler.runtime,
+    MethodResolver(unit),
+  )
+
+  if compiler.GenerateDebug {
+    compiler.debug = debug.NewDIBuilder(
+      types.Sizes(compiler.llvmtypes),
+      compiler.module.Module,
+      impcfg.Fset,
+      compiler.DebugPrefixMaps,
+    )
+    defer compiler.debug.Destroy()
+    defer compiler.debug.Finalize()
+  }
+
+  unit.translatePackage(mainPkg)
+  compiler.processAnnotations(unit, mainPkginfo)
+
+  if importpath == "main" {
+    if err = compiler.createInitMainFunction(mainPkg, initmap); err != nil {
+      return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create __go_init_main: %v", err)
+    }
+  } else {
+    compiler.module.ExportData = compiler.buildExportData(mainPkg, initmap)
+  }
+
+  return compiler.module, nil
+}
+
+type byPriorityThenFunc []gccgoimporter.PackageInit
+
+func (a byPriorityThenFunc) Len() int      { return len(a) }
+func (a byPriorityThenFunc) Swap(i, j int) { a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] }
+func (a byPriorityThenFunc) Less(i, j int) bool {
+  switch {
+  case a[i].Priority < a[j].Priority:
+    return true
+  case a[i].Priority > a[j].Priority:
+    return false
+  case a[i].InitFunc < a[j].InitFunc:
+    return true
+  default:
+    return false
+  }
+}
+
+func (c *compiler) buildPackageInitData(mainPkg *ssa.Package, initmap map[*types.Package]gccgoimporter.InitData) gccgoimporter.InitData {
+  var inits []gccgoimporter.PackageInit
+  for _, imp := range mainPkg.Object.Imports() {
+    inits = append(inits, initmap[imp].Inits...)
+  }
+  sort.Sort(byPriorityThenFunc(inits))
+
+  // Deduplicate init entries. We want to preserve the entry with the highest priority.
+  // Normally a package's priorities will be consistent among its dependencies, but it is
+  // possible for them to be different. For example, if a standard library test augments a
+  // package which is a dependency of 'regexp' (which is imported by every test main package)
+  // with additional dependencies, those dependencies may cause the package under test to
+  // receive a higher priority than indicated by its init clause in 'regexp'.
+  uniqinits := make([]gccgoimporter.PackageInit, len(inits))
+  uniqinitpos := len(inits)
+  uniqinitnames := make(map[string]struct{})
+  for i, _ := range inits {
+    init := inits[len(inits)-1-i]
+    if _, ok := uniqinitnames[init.InitFunc]; !ok {
+      uniqinitnames[init.InitFunc] = struct{}{}
+      uniqinitpos--
+      uniqinits[uniqinitpos] = init
+    }
+  }
+  uniqinits = uniqinits[uniqinitpos:]
+
+  ourprio := 1
+  if len(uniqinits) != 0 {
+    ourprio = uniqinits[len(uniqinits)-1].Priority + 1
+  }
+
+  if imp := mainPkg.Func("init"); imp != nil {
+    impname := c.types.mc.mangleFunctionName(imp)
+    uniqinits = append(uniqinits, gccgoimporter.PackageInit{mainPkg.Object.Name(), impname, ourprio})
+  }
+
+  return gccgoimporter.InitData{ourprio, uniqinits}
+}
+
+func (c *compiler) createInitMainFunction(mainPkg *ssa.Package, initmap map[*types.Package]gccgoimporter.InitData) error {
+  initdata := c.buildPackageInitData(mainPkg, initmap)
+
+  ftyp := llvm.FunctionType(llvm.VoidType(), nil, false)
+  initMain := llvm.AddFunction(c.module.Module, "__go_init_main", ftyp)
+  c.addCommonFunctionAttrs(initMain)
+  entry := llvm.AddBasicBlock(initMain, "entry")
+
+  builder := llvm.GlobalContext().NewBuilder()
+  defer builder.Dispose()
+  builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(entry)
+
+  for _, init := range initdata.Inits {
+    initfn := c.module.Module.NamedFunction(init.InitFunc)
+    if initfn.IsNil() {
+      initfn = llvm.AddFunction(c.module.Module, init.InitFunc, ftyp)
+    }
+    builder.CreateCall(initfn, nil, "")
+  }
+
+  builder.CreateRetVoid()
+  return nil
+}
+
+func (c *compiler) buildExportData(mainPkg *ssa.Package, initmap map[*types.Package]gccgoimporter.InitData) []byte {
+  exportData := importer.ExportData(mainPkg.Object)
+  b := bytes.NewBuffer(exportData)
+
+  initdata := c.buildPackageInitData(mainPkg, initmap)
+  b.WriteString("v1;\npriority ")
+  b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(initdata.Priority))
+  b.WriteString(";\n")
+
+  if len(initdata.Inits) != 0 {
+    b.WriteString("init")
+    for _, init := range initdata.Inits {
+      b.WriteRune(' ')
+      b.WriteString(init.Name)
+      b.WriteRune(' ')
+      b.WriteString(init.InitFunc)
+      b.WriteRune(' ')
+      b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(init.Priority))
+    }
+    b.WriteString(";\n")
+  }
+
+  return b.Bytes()
+}
+
+// vim: set ft=go :

tools/llgo/irgen/errors.go

+//===- errors.go - IR generation for run-time panics ----------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements IR generation for triggering run-time panics.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+const (
+  // From go-runtime-error.c
+  gccgoRuntimeErrorSLICE_INDEX_OUT_OF_BOUNDS  = 0
+  gccgoRuntimeErrorARRAY_INDEX_OUT_OF_BOUNDS  = 1
+  gccgoRuntimeErrorSTRING_INDEX_OUT_OF_BOUNDS = 2
+  gccgoRuntimeErrorSLICE_SLICE_OUT_OF_BOUNDS  = 3
+  gccgoRuntimeErrorARRAY_SLICE_OUT_OF_BOUNDS  = 4
+  gccgoRuntimeErrorSTRING_SLICE_OUT_OF_BOUNDS = 5
+  gccgoRuntimeErrorNIL_DEREFERENCE            = 6
+  gccgoRuntimeErrorMAKE_SLICE_OUT_OF_BOUNDS   = 7
+  gccgoRuntimeErrorMAKE_MAP_OUT_OF_BOUNDS     = 8
+  gccgoRuntimeErrorMAKE_CHAN_OUT_OF_BOUNDS    = 9
+  gccgoRuntimeErrorDIVISION_BY_ZERO           = 10
+  gccgoRuntimeErrorCount                      = 11
+)
+
+func (fr *frame) setBranchWeightMetadata(br llvm.Value, trueweight, falseweight uint64) {
+  mdprof := llvm.MDKindID("prof")
+
+  mdnode := llvm.MDNode([]llvm.Value{
+    llvm.MDString("branch_weights"),
+    llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), trueweight, false),
+    llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), falseweight, false),
+  })
+
+  br.SetMetadata(mdprof, mdnode)
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) condBrRuntimeError(cond llvm.Value, errcode uint64) {
+  if cond.IsNull() {
+    return
+  }
+
+  errorbb := fr.runtimeErrorBlocks[errcode]
+  newbb := errorbb.C == nil
+  if newbb {
+    errorbb = llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+    fr.runtimeErrorBlocks[errcode] = errorbb
+  }
+
+  contbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+
+  br := fr.builder.CreateCondBr(cond, errorbb, contbb)
+  fr.setBranchWeightMetadata(br, 1, 1000)
+
+  if newbb {
+    fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(errorbb)
+    fr.runtime.runtimeError.call(fr, llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), errcode, false))
+    fr.builder.CreateUnreachable()
+  }
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(contbb)
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/indirect.go

+//===- indirect.go - IR generation for thunks -----------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements IR generation for thunks required by the "defer" and
+// "go" builtins.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/ssa"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+// createThunk creates a thunk from a
+// given function and arguments, suitable for use with
+// "defer" and "go".
+func (fr *frame) createThunk(call ssa.CallInstruction) (thunk llvm.Value, arg llvm.Value) {
+  seenarg := make(map[ssa.Value]bool)
+  var args []ssa.Value
+  var argtypes []*types.Var
+
+  packArg := func(arg ssa.Value) {
+    switch arg.(type) {
+    case *ssa.Builtin, *ssa.Function, *ssa.Const, *ssa.Global:
+      // Do nothing: we can generate these in the thunk
+    default:
+      if !seenarg[arg] {
+        seenarg[arg] = true
+        args = append(args, arg)
+        field := types.NewField(0, nil, "_", arg.Type(), true)
+        argtypes = append(argtypes, field)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  packArg(call.Common().Value)
+  for _, arg := range call.Common().Args {
+    packArg(arg)
+  }
+
+  var isRecoverCall bool
+  i8ptr := llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0)
+  var structllptr llvm.Type
+  if len(args) == 0 {
+    if builtin, ok := call.Common().Value.(*ssa.Builtin); ok {
+      isRecoverCall = builtin.Name() == "recover"
+    }
+    if isRecoverCall {
+      // When creating a thunk for recover(), we must pass fr.canRecover.
+      arg = fr.builder.CreateZExt(fr.canRecover, fr.target.IntPtrType(), "")
+      arg = fr.builder.CreateIntToPtr(arg, i8ptr, "")
+    } else {
+      arg = llvm.ConstPointerNull(i8ptr)
+    }
+  } else {
+    structtype := types.NewStruct(argtypes, nil)
+    arg = fr.createTypeMalloc(structtype)
+    structllptr = arg.Type()
+    for i, ssaarg := range args {
+      argptr := fr.builder.CreateStructGEP(arg, i, "")
+      fr.builder.CreateStore(fr.llvmvalue(ssaarg), argptr)
+    }
+    arg = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(arg, i8ptr, "")
+  }
+
+  thunkfntype := llvm.FunctionType(llvm.VoidType(), []llvm.Type{i8ptr}, false)
+  thunkfn := llvm.AddFunction(fr.module.Module, "", thunkfntype)
+  thunkfn.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
+  fr.addCommonFunctionAttrs(thunkfn)
+
+  thunkfr := newFrame(fr.unit, thunkfn)
+  defer thunkfr.dispose()
+
+  prologuebb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(thunkfn, "prologue")
+  thunkfr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(prologuebb)
+
+  if isRecoverCall {
+    thunkarg := thunkfn.Param(0)
+    thunkarg = thunkfr.builder.CreatePtrToInt(thunkarg, fr.target.IntPtrType(), "")
+    thunkfr.canRecover = thunkfr.builder.CreateTrunc(thunkarg, llvm.Int1Type(), "")
+  } else if len(args) > 0 {
+    thunkarg := thunkfn.Param(0)
+    thunkarg = thunkfr.builder.CreateBitCast(thunkarg, structllptr, "")
+    for i, ssaarg := range args {
+      thunkargptr := thunkfr.builder.CreateStructGEP(thunkarg, i, "")
+      thunkarg := thunkfr.builder.CreateLoad(thunkargptr, "")
+      thunkfr.env[ssaarg] = newValue(thunkarg, ssaarg.Type())
+    }
+  }
+
+  _, isDefer := call.(*ssa.Defer)
+
+  entrybb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(thunkfn, "entry")
+  br := thunkfr.builder.CreateBr(entrybb)
+  thunkfr.allocaBuilder.SetInsertPointBefore(br)
+
+  thunkfr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(entrybb)
+  var exitbb llvm.BasicBlock
+  if isDefer {
+    exitbb = llvm.AddBasicBlock(thunkfn, "exit")
+    thunkfr.runtime.setDeferRetaddr.call(thunkfr, llvm.BlockAddress(thunkfn, exitbb))
+  }
+  if isDefer && isRecoverCall {
+    thunkfr.callRecover(true)
+  } else {
+    thunkfr.callInstruction(call)
+  }
+  if isDefer {
+    thunkfr.builder.CreateBr(exitbb)
+    thunkfr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(exitbb)
+  }
+  thunkfr.builder.CreateRetVoid()
+
+  thunk = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(thunkfn, i8ptr, "")
+  return
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/interfaces.go

+//===- interfaces.go - IR generation for interfaces -----------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements IR generation for dealing with interface values.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+// interfaceMethod returns a function and receiver pointer for the specified
+// interface and method pair.
+func (fr *frame) interfaceMethod(lliface llvm.Value, ifacety types.Type, method *types.Func) (fn, recv *govalue) {
+  llitab := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(lliface, 0, "")
+  recv = newValue(fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(lliface, 1, ""), types.Typ[types.UnsafePointer])
+  methodset := fr.types.MethodSet(ifacety)
+  // TODO(axw) cache ordered method index
+  index := -1
+  for i, m := range orderedMethodSet(methodset) {
+    if m.Obj() == method {
+      index = i
+      break
+    }
+  }
+  if index == -1 {
+    panic("could not find method index")
+  }
+  llitab = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(llitab, llvm.PointerType(llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), 0), "")
+  // Skip runtime type pointer.
+  llifnptr := fr.builder.CreateGEP(llitab, []llvm.Value{
+    llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), uint64(index+1), false),
+  }, "")
+
+  llifn := fr.builder.CreateLoad(llifnptr, "")
+  // Replace receiver type with unsafe.Pointer.
+  recvparam := types.NewParam(0, nil, "", types.Typ[types.UnsafePointer])
+  sig := method.Type().(*types.Signature)
+  sig = types.NewSignature(nil, recvparam, sig.Params(), sig.Results(), sig.Variadic())
+  fn = newValue(llifn, sig)
+  return
+}
+
+// compareInterfaces emits code to compare two interfaces for
+// equality.
+func (fr *frame) compareInterfaces(a, b *govalue) *govalue {
+  aNull := a.value.IsNull()
+  bNull := b.value.IsNull()
+  if aNull && bNull {
+    return newValue(boolLLVMValue(true), types.Typ[types.Bool])
+  }
+
+  compare := fr.runtime.emptyInterfaceCompare
+  aI := a.Type().Underlying().(*types.Interface).NumMethods() > 0
+  bI := b.Type().Underlying().(*types.Interface).NumMethods() > 0
+  switch {
+  case aI && bI:
+    compare = fr.runtime.interfaceCompare
+  case aI:
+    a = fr.convertI2E(a)
+  case bI:
+    b = fr.convertI2E(b)
+  }
+
+  result := compare.call(fr, a.value, b.value)[0]
+  result = fr.builder.CreateIsNull(result, "")
+  result = fr.builder.CreateZExt(result, llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+  return newValue(result, types.Typ[types.Bool])
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) makeInterface(llv llvm.Value, vty types.Type, iface types.Type) *govalue {
+  if _, ok := vty.Underlying().(*types.Pointer); !ok {
+    ptr := fr.createTypeMalloc(vty)
+    fr.builder.CreateStore(llv, ptr)
+    llv = ptr
+  }
+  return fr.makeInterfaceFromPointer(llv, vty, iface)
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) makeInterfaceFromPointer(vptr llvm.Value, vty types.Type, iface types.Type) *govalue {
+  i8ptr := llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0)
+  llv := fr.builder.CreateBitCast(vptr, i8ptr, "")
+  value := llvm.Undef(fr.types.ToLLVM(iface))
+  itab := fr.types.getItabPointer(vty, iface.Underlying().(*types.Interface))
+  value = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(value, itab, 0, "")
+  value = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(value, llv, 1, "")
+  return newValue(value, iface)
+}
+
+// Reads the type descriptor from the given interface type.
+func (fr *frame) getInterfaceTypeDescriptor(v *govalue) llvm.Value {
+  isempty := v.Type().Underlying().(*types.Interface).NumMethods() == 0
+  itab := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(v.value, 0, "")
+  if isempty {
+    return itab
+  } else {
+    itabnonnull := fr.builder.CreateIsNotNull(itab, "")
+    return fr.loadOrNull(itabnonnull, itab, types.Typ[types.UnsafePointer]).value
+  }
+}
+
+// Reads the value from the given interface type, assuming that the
+// interface holds a value of the correct type.
+func (fr *frame) getInterfaceValue(v *govalue, ty types.Type) *govalue {
+  val := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(v.value, 1, "")
+  if _, ok := ty.Underlying().(*types.Pointer); !ok {
+    typedval := fr.builder.CreateBitCast(val, llvm.PointerType(fr.types.ToLLVM(ty), 0), "")
+    val = fr.builder.CreateLoad(typedval, "")
+  }
+  return newValue(val, ty)
+}
+
+// If cond is true, reads the value from the given interface type, otherwise
+// returns a nil value.
+func (fr *frame) getInterfaceValueOrNull(cond llvm.Value, v *govalue, ty types.Type) *govalue {
+  val := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(v.value, 1, "")
+  if _, ok := ty.Underlying().(*types.Pointer); ok {
+    val = fr.builder.CreateSelect(cond, val, llvm.ConstNull(val.Type()), "")
+  } else {
+    val = fr.loadOrNull(cond, val, ty).value
+  }
+  return newValue(val, ty)
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) interfaceTypeCheck(val *govalue, ty types.Type) (v *govalue, okval *govalue) {
+  tytd := fr.types.ToRuntime(ty)
+  if _, ok := ty.Underlying().(*types.Interface); ok {
+    var result []llvm.Value
+    if val.Type().Underlying().(*types.Interface).NumMethods() > 0 {
+      result = fr.runtime.ifaceI2I2.call(fr, tytd, val.value)
+    } else {
+      result = fr.runtime.ifaceE2I2.call(fr, tytd, val.value)
+    }
+    v = newValue(result[0], ty)
+    okval = newValue(result[1], types.Typ[types.Bool])
+  } else {
+    valtd := fr.getInterfaceTypeDescriptor(val)
+    tyequal := fr.runtime.typeDescriptorsEqual.call(fr, valtd, tytd)[0]
+    okval = newValue(tyequal, types.Typ[types.Bool])
+    tyequal = fr.builder.CreateTrunc(tyequal, llvm.Int1Type(), "")
+
+    v = fr.getInterfaceValueOrNull(tyequal, val, ty)
+  }
+  return
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) interfaceTypeAssert(val *govalue, ty types.Type) *govalue {
+  if _, ok := ty.Underlying().(*types.Interface); ok {
+    return fr.changeInterface(val, ty, true)
+  } else {
+    valtytd := fr.types.ToRuntime(val.Type())
+    valtd := fr.getInterfaceTypeDescriptor(val)
+    tytd := fr.types.ToRuntime(ty)
+    fr.runtime.checkInterfaceType.call(fr, valtd, tytd, valtytd)
+
+    return fr.getInterfaceValue(val, ty)
+  }
+}
+
+// convertI2E converts a non-empty interface value to an empty interface.
+func (fr *frame) convertI2E(v *govalue) *govalue {
+  td := fr.getInterfaceTypeDescriptor(v)
+  val := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(v.value, 1, "")
+
+  typ := types.NewInterface(nil, nil)
+  intf := llvm.Undef(fr.types.ToLLVM(typ))
+  intf = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(intf, td, 0, "")
+  intf = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(intf, val, 1, "")
+  return newValue(intf, typ)
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) changeInterface(v *govalue, ty types.Type, assert bool) *govalue {
+  td := fr.getInterfaceTypeDescriptor(v)
+  tytd := fr.types.ToRuntime(ty)
+  var itab llvm.Value
+  if assert {
+    itab = fr.runtime.assertInterface.call(fr, tytd, td)[0]
+  } else {
+    itab = fr.runtime.convertInterface.call(fr, tytd, td)[0]
+  }
+  val := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(v.value, 1, "")
+
+  intf := llvm.Undef(fr.types.ToLLVM(ty))
+  intf = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(intf, itab, 0, "")
+  intf = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(intf, val, 1, "")
+  return newValue(intf, ty)
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/maps.go

+//===- maps.go - IR generation for maps -----------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements IR generation for maps.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+// makeMap implements make(maptype[, initial space])
+func (fr *frame) makeMap(typ types.Type, cap_ *govalue) *govalue {
+  // TODO(pcc): call __go_new_map_big here if needed
+  dyntyp := fr.types.getMapDescriptorPointer(typ)
+  dyntyp = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(dyntyp, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), "")
+  var cap llvm.Value
+  if cap_ != nil {
+    cap = fr.convert(cap_, types.Typ[types.Uintptr]).value
+  } else {
+    cap = llvm.ConstNull(fr.types.inttype)
+  }
+  m := fr.runtime.newMap.call(fr, dyntyp, cap)
+  return newValue(m[0], typ)
+}
+
+// mapLookup implements v[, ok] = m[k]
+func (fr *frame) mapLookup(m, k *govalue) (v *govalue, ok *govalue) {
+  llk := k.value
+  pk := fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(llk.Type(), "")
+  fr.builder.CreateStore(llk, pk)
+  valptr := fr.runtime.mapIndex.call(fr, m.value, pk, boolLLVMValue(false))[0]
+  valptr.AddInstrAttribute(2, llvm.NoCaptureAttribute)
+  valptr.AddInstrAttribute(2, llvm.ReadOnlyAttribute)
+  okbit := fr.builder.CreateIsNotNull(valptr, "")
+
+  elemtyp := m.Type().Underlying().(*types.Map).Elem()
+  ok = newValue(fr.builder.CreateZExt(okbit, llvm.Int8Type(), ""), types.Typ[types.Bool])
+  v = fr.loadOrNull(okbit, valptr, elemtyp)
+  return
+}
+
+// mapUpdate implements m[k] = v
+func (fr *frame) mapUpdate(m, k, v *govalue) {
+  llk := k.value
+  pk := fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(llk.Type(), "")
+  fr.builder.CreateStore(llk, pk)
+  valptr := fr.runtime.mapIndex.call(fr, m.value, pk, boolLLVMValue(true))[0]
+  valptr.AddInstrAttribute(2, llvm.NoCaptureAttribute)
+  valptr.AddInstrAttribute(2, llvm.ReadOnlyAttribute)
+
+  elemtyp := m.Type().Underlying().(*types.Map).Elem()
+  llelemtyp := fr.types.ToLLVM(elemtyp)
+  typedvalptr := fr.builder.CreateBitCast(valptr, llvm.PointerType(llelemtyp, 0), "")
+  fr.builder.CreateStore(v.value, typedvalptr)
+}
+
+// mapDelete implements delete(m, k)
+func (fr *frame) mapDelete(m, k *govalue) {
+  llk := k.value
+  pk := fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(llk.Type(), "")
+  fr.builder.CreateStore(llk, pk)
+  fr.runtime.mapdelete.call(fr, m.value, pk)
+}
+
+// mapIterInit creates a map iterator
+func (fr *frame) mapIterInit(m *govalue) []*govalue {
+  // We represent an iterator as a tuple (map, *bool). The second element
+  // controls whether the code we generate for "next" (below) calls the
+  // runtime function for the first or the next element. We let the
+  // optimizer reorganize this into something more sensible.
+  isinit := fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(llvm.Int1Type(), "")
+  fr.builder.CreateStore(llvm.ConstNull(llvm.Int1Type()), isinit)
+
+  return []*govalue{m, newValue(isinit, types.NewPointer(types.Typ[types.Bool]))}
+}
+
+// mapIterNext advances the iterator, and returns the tuple (ok, k, v).
+func (fr *frame) mapIterNext(iter []*govalue) []*govalue {
+  maptyp := iter[0].Type().Underlying().(*types.Map)
+  ktyp := maptyp.Key()
+  klltyp := fr.types.ToLLVM(ktyp)
+  vtyp := maptyp.Elem()
+  vlltyp := fr.types.ToLLVM(vtyp)
+
+  m, isinitptr := iter[0], iter[1]
+
+  i8ptr := llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0)
+  mapiterbufty := llvm.ArrayType(i8ptr, 4)
+  mapiterbuf := fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(mapiterbufty, "")
+  mapiterbufelem0ptr := fr.builder.CreateStructGEP(mapiterbuf, 0, "")
+
+  keybuf := fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(klltyp, "")
+  keyptr := fr.builder.CreateBitCast(keybuf, i8ptr, "")
+  valbuf := fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(vlltyp, "")
+  valptr := fr.builder.CreateBitCast(valbuf, i8ptr, "")
+
+  isinit := fr.builder.CreateLoad(isinitptr.value, "")
+
+  initbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  nextbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  contbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+
+  fr.builder.CreateCondBr(isinit, nextbb, initbb)
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(initbb)
+  fr.builder.CreateStore(llvm.ConstAllOnes(llvm.Int1Type()), isinitptr.value)
+  fr.runtime.mapiterinit.call(fr, m.value, mapiterbufelem0ptr)
+  fr.builder.CreateBr(contbb)
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(nextbb)
+  fr.runtime.mapiternext.call(fr, mapiterbufelem0ptr)
+  fr.builder.CreateBr(contbb)
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(contbb)
+  mapiterbufelem0 := fr.builder.CreateLoad(mapiterbufelem0ptr, "")
+  okbit := fr.builder.CreateIsNotNull(mapiterbufelem0, "")
+  ok := fr.builder.CreateZExt(okbit, llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+
+  loadbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  cont2bb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  fr.builder.CreateCondBr(okbit, loadbb, cont2bb)
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(loadbb)
+  fr.runtime.mapiter2.call(fr, mapiterbufelem0ptr, keyptr, valptr)
+  loadbb = fr.builder.GetInsertBlock()
+  loadedkey := fr.builder.CreateLoad(keybuf, "")
+  loadedval := fr.builder.CreateLoad(valbuf, "")
+  fr.builder.CreateBr(cont2bb)
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(cont2bb)
+  k := fr.builder.CreatePHI(klltyp, "")
+  k.AddIncoming(
+    []llvm.Value{llvm.ConstNull(klltyp), loadedkey},
+    []llvm.BasicBlock{contbb, loadbb},
+  )
+  v := fr.builder.CreatePHI(vlltyp, "")
+  v.AddIncoming(
+    []llvm.Value{llvm.ConstNull(vlltyp), loadedval},
+    []llvm.BasicBlock{contbb, loadbb},
+  )
+
+  return []*govalue{newValue(ok, types.Typ[types.Bool]), newValue(k, ktyp), newValue(v, vtyp)}
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/parser.go

+//===- parser.go - parser wrapper -----------------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file contains functions for calling the parser in an appropriate way for
+// llgo.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "fmt"
+  "go/ast"
+  "go/parser"
+  "go/scanner"
+  "go/token"
+)
+
+func parseFile(fset *token.FileSet, filename string) (*ast.File, error) {
+  mode := parser.DeclarationErrors | parser.ParseComments
+  return parser.ParseFile(fset, filename, nil, mode)
+}
+
+func parseFiles(fset *token.FileSet, filenames []string) ([]*ast.File, error) {
+  files := make([]*ast.File, len(filenames))
+  for i, filename := range filenames {
+    file, err := parseFile(fset, filename)
+    if _, ok := err.(scanner.ErrorList); ok {
+      return nil, err
+    } else if err != nil {
+      return nil, fmt.Errorf("%q: %v", filename, err)
+    }
+    files[i] = file
+  }
+  return files, nil
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/predicates.go

+//===- predicates.go - type predicates ------------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements commonly used type predicates.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+)
+
+func isBoolean(typ types.Type) bool {
+  t, ok := typ.Underlying().(*types.Basic)
+  return ok && t.Info()&types.IsBoolean != 0
+}
+
+func isInteger(typ types.Type) bool {
+  t, ok := typ.Underlying().(*types.Basic)
+  return ok && t.Info()&types.IsInteger != 0
+}
+
+func isUnsigned(typ types.Type) bool {
+  t, ok := typ.Underlying().(*types.Basic)
+  return ok && t.Info()&types.IsUnsigned != 0
+}
+
+func isFloat(typ types.Type) bool {
+  t, ok := typ.Underlying().(*types.Basic)
+  return ok && t.Info()&types.IsFloat != 0
+}
+
+func isComplex(typ types.Type) bool {
+  t, ok := typ.Underlying().(*types.Basic)
+  return ok && t.Info()&types.IsComplex != 0
+}
+
+func isString(typ types.Type) bool {
+  t, ok := typ.Underlying().(*types.Basic)
+  return ok && t.Info()&types.IsString != 0
+}
+
+func isUntyped(typ types.Type) bool {
+  t, ok := typ.Underlying().(*types.Basic)
+  return ok && t.Info()&types.IsUntyped != 0
+}
+
+func isSlice(typ types.Type, bkind types.BasicKind) bool {
+  t, ok := typ.Underlying().(*types.Slice)
+  return ok && types.Identical(t.Elem().Underlying(), types.Typ[bkind])
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/println.go

+//===- println.go - IR generation for print and println -------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements IR generation for the print and println built-in
+// functions.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "fmt"
+
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+)
+
+func (fr *frame) printValues(println_ bool, values ...*govalue) {
+  for i, value := range values {
+    llvm_value := value.value
+
+    typ := value.Type().Underlying()
+    if name, isname := typ.(*types.Named); isname {
+      typ = name.Underlying()
+    }
+
+    if println_ && i > 0 {
+      fr.runtime.printSpace.call(fr)
+    }
+    switch typ := typ.(type) {
+    case *types.Basic:
+      switch typ.Kind() {
+      case types.Uint8, types.Uint16, types.Uint32, types.Uintptr, types.Uint, types.Uint64:
+        i64 := fr.llvmtypes.ctx.Int64Type()
+        zext := fr.builder.CreateZExt(llvm_value, i64, "")
+        fr.runtime.printUint64.call(fr, zext)
+
+      case types.Int, types.Int8, types.Int16, types.Int32, types.Int64:
+        i64 := fr.llvmtypes.ctx.Int64Type()
+        sext := fr.builder.CreateSExt(llvm_value, i64, "")
+        fr.runtime.printInt64.call(fr, sext)
+
+      case types.Float32:
+        llvm_value = fr.builder.CreateFPExt(llvm_value, fr.llvmtypes.ctx.DoubleType(), "")
+        fallthrough
+      case types.Float64:
+        fr.runtime.printDouble.call(fr, llvm_value)
+
+      case types.Complex64:
+        llvm_value = fr.convert(value, types.Typ[types.Complex128]).value
+        fallthrough
+      case types.Complex128:
+        fr.runtime.printComplex.call(fr, llvm_value)
+
+      case types.String, types.UntypedString:
+        fr.runtime.printString.call(fr, llvm_value)
+
+      case types.Bool:
+        fr.runtime.printBool.call(fr, llvm_value)
+
+      case types.UnsafePointer:
+        fr.runtime.printPointer.call(fr, llvm_value)
+
+      default:
+        panic(fmt.Sprint("Unhandled Basic Kind: ", typ.Kind))
+      }
+
+    case *types.Interface:
+      if typ.Empty() {
+        fr.runtime.printEmptyInterface.call(fr, llvm_value)
+      } else {
+        fr.runtime.printInterface.call(fr, llvm_value)
+      }
+
+    case *types.Slice:
+      fr.runtime.printSlice.call(fr, llvm_value)
+
+    case *types.Pointer, *types.Map, *types.Chan, *types.Signature:
+      fr.runtime.printPointer.call(fr, llvm_value)
+
+    default:
+      panic(fmt.Sprintf("Unhandled type kind: %s (%T)", typ, typ))
+    }
+  }
+  if println_ {
+    fr.runtime.printNl.call(fr)
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/runtime.go

+//===- runtime.go - IR generation for runtime calls -----------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements IR generation for calls to the runtime library.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "strconv"
+
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+type runtimeFnInfo struct {
+  fi *functionTypeInfo
+  fn llvm.Value
+}
+
+func (rfi *runtimeFnInfo) init(tm *llvmTypeMap, m llvm.Module, name string, args []types.Type, results []types.Type) {
+  rfi.fi = new(functionTypeInfo)
+  *rfi.fi = tm.getFunctionTypeInfo(args, results)
+  rfi.fn = rfi.fi.declare(m, name)
+}
+
+func (rfi *runtimeFnInfo) call(f *frame, args ...llvm.Value) []llvm.Value {
+  if f.unwindBlock.IsNil() {
+    return rfi.callOnly(f, args...)
+  } else {
+    return rfi.invoke(f, f.unwindBlock, args...)
+  }
+}
+
+func (rfi *runtimeFnInfo) callOnly(f *frame, args ...llvm.Value) []llvm.Value {
+  return rfi.fi.call(f.llvmtypes.ctx, f.allocaBuilder, f.builder, rfi.fn, args)
+}
+
+func (rfi *runtimeFnInfo) invoke(f *frame, lpad llvm.BasicBlock, args ...llvm.Value) []llvm.Value {
+  contbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(f.function, "")
+  return rfi.fi.invoke(f.llvmtypes.ctx, f.allocaBuilder, f.builder, rfi.fn, args, contbb, lpad)
+}
+
+// runtimeInterface is a struct containing references to
+// runtime types and intrinsic function declarations.
+type runtimeInterface struct {
+  // LLVM intrinsics
+  memcpy,
+  memset,
+  returnaddress llvm.Value
+
+  // Exception handling support
+  gccgoPersonality   llvm.Value
+  gccgoExceptionType llvm.Type
+
+  // Runtime intrinsics
+  append,
+  assertInterface,
+  canRecover,
+  chanCap,
+  chanLen,
+  chanrecv2,
+  checkDefer,
+  checkInterfaceType,
+  builtinClose,
+  convertInterface,
+  copy,
+  Defer,
+  deferredRecover,
+  emptyInterfaceCompare,
+  getClosure,
+  Go,
+  ifaceE2I2,
+  ifaceI2I2,
+  intArrayToString,
+  interfaceCompare,
+  intToString,
+  makeSlice,
+  mapdelete,
+  mapiter2,
+  mapiterinit,
+  mapiternext,
+  mapIndex,
+  mapLen,
+  New,
+  newChannel,
+  newMap,
+  NewNopointers,
+  newSelect,
+  panic,
+  printBool,
+  printComplex,
+  printDouble,
+  printEmptyInterface,
+  printInterface,
+  printInt64,
+  printNl,
+  printPointer,
+  printSlice,
+  printSpace,
+  printString,
+  printUint64,
+  receive,
+  recover,
+  registerGcRoots,
+  runtimeError,
+  selectdefault,
+  selectrecv2,
+  selectsend,
+  selectgo,
+  sendBig,
+  setClosure,
+  setDeferRetaddr,
+  strcmp,
+  stringiter2,
+  stringPlus,
+  stringSlice,
+  stringToIntArray,
+  typeDescriptorsEqual,
+  undefer runtimeFnInfo
+}
+
+func newRuntimeInterface(module llvm.Module, tm *llvmTypeMap) (*runtimeInterface, error) {
+  var ri runtimeInterface
+
+  Bool := types.Typ[types.Bool]
+  Complex128 := types.Typ[types.Complex128]
+  Float64 := types.Typ[types.Float64]
+  Int32 := types.Typ[types.Int32]
+  Int64 := types.Typ[types.Int64]
+  Int := types.Typ[types.Int]
+  Rune := types.Typ[types.Rune]
+  String := types.Typ[types.String]
+  Uintptr := types.Typ[types.Uintptr]
+  UnsafePointer := types.Typ[types.UnsafePointer]
+
+  EmptyInterface := types.NewInterface(nil, nil)
+  IntSlice := types.NewSlice(types.Typ[types.Int])
+
+  for _, rt := range [...]struct {
+    name      string
+    rfi       *runtimeFnInfo
+    args, res []types.Type
+    attrs     []llvm.Attribute
+  }{
+    {
+      name: "__go_append",
+      rfi:  &ri.append,
+      args: []types.Type{IntSlice, UnsafePointer, Uintptr, Uintptr},
+      res:  []types.Type{IntSlice},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_assert_interface",
+      rfi:  &ri.assertInterface,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer},
+      res:  []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_can_recover",
+      rfi:  &ri.canRecover,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+      res:  []types.Type{Bool},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_chan_cap",
+      rfi:  &ri.chanCap,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+      res:  []types.Type{Int},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_chan_len",
+      rfi:  &ri.chanLen,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+      res:  []types.Type{Int},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.chanrecv2",
+      rfi:  &ri.chanrecv2,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer},
+      res:  []types.Type{Bool},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_check_defer",
+      rfi:  &ri.checkDefer,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_check_interface_type",
+      rfi:  &ri.checkInterfaceType,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_builtin_close",
+      rfi:  &ri.builtinClose,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_convert_interface",
+      rfi:  &ri.convertInterface,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer},
+      res:  []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_copy",
+      rfi:  &ri.copy,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, Uintptr},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_defer",
+      rfi:  &ri.Defer,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_deferred_recover",
+      rfi:  &ri.deferredRecover,
+      res:  []types.Type{EmptyInterface},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_empty_interface_compare",
+      rfi:  &ri.emptyInterfaceCompare,
+      args: []types.Type{EmptyInterface, EmptyInterface},
+      res:  []types.Type{Int},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_get_closure",
+      rfi:  &ri.getClosure,
+      res:  []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_go",
+      rfi:  &ri.Go,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.ifaceE2I2",
+      rfi:  &ri.ifaceE2I2,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, EmptyInterface},
+      res:  []types.Type{EmptyInterface, Bool},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.ifaceI2I2",
+      rfi:  &ri.ifaceI2I2,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, EmptyInterface},
+      res:  []types.Type{EmptyInterface, Bool},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_int_array_to_string",
+      rfi:  &ri.intArrayToString,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, Int},
+      res:  []types.Type{String},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_int_to_string",
+      rfi:  &ri.intToString,
+      args: []types.Type{Int},
+      res:  []types.Type{String},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_interface_compare",
+      rfi:  &ri.interfaceCompare,
+      args: []types.Type{EmptyInterface, EmptyInterface},
+      res:  []types.Type{Int},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_make_slice2",
+      rfi:  &ri.makeSlice,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, Uintptr, Uintptr},
+      res:  []types.Type{IntSlice},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.mapdelete",
+      rfi:  &ri.mapdelete,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.mapiter2",
+      rfi:  &ri.mapiter2,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.mapiterinit",
+      rfi:  &ri.mapiterinit,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.mapiternext",
+      rfi:  &ri.mapiternext,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_map_index",
+      rfi:  &ri.mapIndex,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, Bool},
+      res:  []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_map_len",
+      rfi:  &ri.mapLen,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+      res:  []types.Type{Int},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_new",
+      rfi:  &ri.New,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, Uintptr},
+      res:  []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_new_channel",
+      rfi:  &ri.newChannel,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, Uintptr},
+      res:  []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_new_map",
+      rfi:  &ri.newMap,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, Uintptr},
+      res:  []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_new_nopointers",
+      rfi:  &ri.NewNopointers,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, Uintptr},
+      res:  []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.newselect",
+      rfi:  &ri.newSelect,
+      args: []types.Type{Int32},
+      res:  []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name:  "__go_panic",
+      rfi:   &ri.panic,
+      args:  []types.Type{EmptyInterface},
+      attrs: []llvm.Attribute{llvm.NoReturnAttribute},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_print_bool",
+      rfi:  &ri.printBool,
+      args: []types.Type{Bool},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_print_complex",
+      rfi:  &ri.printComplex,
+      args: []types.Type{Complex128},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_print_double",
+      rfi:  &ri.printDouble,
+      args: []types.Type{Float64},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_print_empty_interface",
+      rfi:  &ri.printEmptyInterface,
+      args: []types.Type{EmptyInterface},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_print_interface",
+      rfi:  &ri.printInterface,
+      args: []types.Type{EmptyInterface},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_print_int64",
+      rfi:  &ri.printInt64,
+      args: []types.Type{Int64},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_print_nl",
+      rfi:  &ri.printNl,
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_print_pointer",
+      rfi:  &ri.printPointer,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_print_slice",
+      rfi:  &ri.printSlice,
+      args: []types.Type{IntSlice},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_print_space",
+      rfi:  &ri.printSpace,
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_print_string",
+      rfi:  &ri.printString,
+      args: []types.Type{String},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_print_uint64",
+      rfi:  &ri.printUint64,
+      args: []types.Type{Int64},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_receive",
+      rfi:  &ri.receive,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_recover",
+      rfi:  &ri.recover,
+      res:  []types.Type{EmptyInterface},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_register_gc_roots",
+      rfi:  &ri.registerGcRoots,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name:  "__go_runtime_error",
+      rfi:   &ri.runtimeError,
+      args:  []types.Type{Int32},
+      attrs: []llvm.Attribute{llvm.NoReturnAttribute},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.selectdefault",
+      rfi:  &ri.selectdefault,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, Int32},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.selectgo",
+      rfi:  &ri.selectgo,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+      res:  []types.Type{Int},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.selectrecv2",
+      rfi:  &ri.selectrecv2,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, Int32},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.selectsend",
+      rfi:  &ri.selectsend,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, Int32},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_send_big",
+      rfi:  &ri.sendBig,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_set_closure",
+      rfi:  &ri.setClosure,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_set_defer_retaddr",
+      rfi:  &ri.setDeferRetaddr,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+      res:  []types.Type{Bool},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_strcmp",
+      rfi:  &ri.strcmp,
+      args: []types.Type{String, String},
+      res:  []types.Type{Int},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_string_plus",
+      rfi:  &ri.stringPlus,
+      args: []types.Type{String, String},
+      res:  []types.Type{String},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_string_slice",
+      rfi:  &ri.stringSlice,
+      args: []types.Type{String, Int, Int},
+      res:  []types.Type{String},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_string_to_int_array",
+      rfi:  &ri.stringToIntArray,
+      args: []types.Type{String},
+      res:  []types.Type{IntSlice},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "runtime.stringiter2",
+      rfi:  &ri.stringiter2,
+      args: []types.Type{String, Int},
+      res:  []types.Type{Int, Rune},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_type_descriptors_equal",
+      rfi:  &ri.typeDescriptorsEqual,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer, UnsafePointer},
+      res:  []types.Type{Bool},
+    },
+    {
+      name: "__go_undefer",
+      rfi:  &ri.undefer,
+      args: []types.Type{UnsafePointer},
+    },
+  } {
+    rt.rfi.init(tm, module, rt.name, rt.args, rt.res)
+    for _, attr := range rt.attrs {
+      rt.rfi.fn.AddFunctionAttr(attr)
+    }
+  }
+
+  memsetName := "llvm.memset.p0i8.i" + strconv.Itoa(tm.target.IntPtrType().IntTypeWidth())
+  memsetType := llvm.FunctionType(
+    llvm.VoidType(),
+    []llvm.Type{
+      llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0),
+      llvm.Int8Type(),
+      tm.target.IntPtrType(),
+      llvm.Int32Type(),
+      llvm.Int1Type(),
+    },
+    false,
+  )
+  ri.memset = llvm.AddFunction(module, memsetName, memsetType)
+
+  memcpyName := "llvm.memcpy.p0i8.p0i8.i" + strconv.Itoa(tm.target.IntPtrType().IntTypeWidth())
+  memcpyType := llvm.FunctionType(
+    llvm.VoidType(),
+    []llvm.Type{
+      llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0),
+      llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0),
+      tm.target.IntPtrType(),
+      llvm.Int32Type(),
+      llvm.Int1Type(),
+    },
+    false,
+  )
+  ri.memcpy = llvm.AddFunction(module, memcpyName, memcpyType)
+
+  returnaddressType := llvm.FunctionType(
+    llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0),
+    []llvm.Type{llvm.Int32Type()},
+    false,
+  )
+  ri.returnaddress = llvm.AddFunction(module, "llvm.returnaddress", returnaddressType)
+
+  gccgoPersonalityType := llvm.FunctionType(
+    llvm.Int32Type(),
+    []llvm.Type{
+      llvm.Int32Type(),
+      llvm.Int64Type(),
+      llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0),
+      llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0),
+    },
+    false,
+  )
+  ri.gccgoPersonality = llvm.AddFunction(module, "__gccgo_personality_v0", gccgoPersonalityType)
+
+  ri.gccgoExceptionType = llvm.StructType(
+    []llvm.Type{
+      llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0),
+      llvm.Int32Type(),
+    },
+    false,
+  )
+
+  return &ri, nil
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) createZExtOrTrunc(v llvm.Value, t llvm.Type, name string) llvm.Value {
+  switch n := v.Type().IntTypeWidth() - t.IntTypeWidth(); {
+  case n < 0:
+    v = fr.builder.CreateZExt(v, fr.target.IntPtrType(), name)
+  case n > 0:
+    v = fr.builder.CreateTrunc(v, fr.target.IntPtrType(), name)
+  }
+  return v
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) createMalloc(size llvm.Value) llvm.Value {
+  return fr.runtime.NewNopointers.callOnly(fr,
+    llvm.ConstNull(llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0)),
+    fr.createZExtOrTrunc(size, fr.target.IntPtrType(), ""))[0]
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) createTypeMalloc(t types.Type) llvm.Value {
+  size := llvm.ConstInt(fr.target.IntPtrType(), uint64(fr.llvmtypes.Sizeof(t)), false)
+  malloc := fr.runtime.New.callOnly(fr, fr.types.ToRuntime(t), size)[0]
+  return fr.builder.CreateBitCast(malloc, llvm.PointerType(fr.types.ToLLVM(t), 0), "")
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) memsetZero(ptr llvm.Value, size llvm.Value) {
+  memset := fr.runtime.memset
+  ptr = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(ptr, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), "")
+  fill := llvm.ConstNull(llvm.Int8Type())
+  size = fr.createZExtOrTrunc(size, fr.target.IntPtrType(), "")
+  align := llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), 1, false)
+  isvolatile := llvm.ConstNull(llvm.Int1Type())
+  fr.builder.CreateCall(memset, []llvm.Value{ptr, fill, size, align, isvolatile}, "")
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) memcpy(dest llvm.Value, src llvm.Value, size llvm.Value) {
+  memcpy := fr.runtime.memcpy
+  dest = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(dest, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), "")
+  src = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(src, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), "")
+  size = fr.createZExtOrTrunc(size, fr.target.IntPtrType(), "")
+  align := llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), 1, false)
+  isvolatile := llvm.ConstNull(llvm.Int1Type())
+  fr.builder.CreateCall(memcpy, []llvm.Value{dest, src, size, align, isvolatile}, "")
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) returnAddress(level uint64) llvm.Value {
+  returnaddress := fr.runtime.returnaddress
+  levelValue := llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int32Type(), level, false)
+  return fr.builder.CreateCall(returnaddress, []llvm.Value{levelValue}, "")
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/slice.go

+//===- slice.go - IR generation for slices --------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements IR generation for slices.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+// makeSlice allocates a new slice with the optional length and capacity,
+// initialising its contents to their zero values.
+func (fr *frame) makeSlice(sliceType types.Type, length, capacity *govalue) *govalue {
+  length = fr.convert(length, types.Typ[types.Uintptr])
+  capacity = fr.convert(capacity, types.Typ[types.Uintptr])
+  runtimeType := fr.types.ToRuntime(sliceType)
+  llslice := fr.runtime.makeSlice.call(fr, runtimeType, length.value, capacity.value)
+  return newValue(llslice[0], sliceType)
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) slice(x llvm.Value, xtyp types.Type, low, high, max llvm.Value) llvm.Value {
+  if !low.IsNil() {
+    low = fr.createZExtOrTrunc(low, fr.types.inttype, "")
+  } else {
+    low = llvm.ConstNull(fr.types.inttype)
+  }
+  if !high.IsNil() {
+    high = fr.createZExtOrTrunc(high, fr.types.inttype, "")
+  }
+  if !max.IsNil() {
+    max = fr.createZExtOrTrunc(max, fr.types.inttype, "")
+  }
+
+  var arrayptr, arraylen, arraycap llvm.Value
+  var elemtyp types.Type
+  var errcode uint64
+  switch typ := xtyp.Underlying().(type) {
+  case *types.Pointer: // *array
+    errcode = gccgoRuntimeErrorARRAY_SLICE_OUT_OF_BOUNDS
+    arraytyp := typ.Elem().Underlying().(*types.Array)
+    elemtyp = arraytyp.Elem()
+    arrayptr = x
+    arrayptr = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(arrayptr, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), "")
+    arraylen = llvm.ConstInt(fr.llvmtypes.inttype, uint64(arraytyp.Len()), false)
+    arraycap = arraylen
+  case *types.Slice:
+    errcode = gccgoRuntimeErrorSLICE_SLICE_OUT_OF_BOUNDS
+    elemtyp = typ.Elem()
+    arrayptr = fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(x, 0, "")
+    arraylen = fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(x, 1, "")
+    arraycap = fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(x, 2, "")
+  case *types.Basic:
+    if high.IsNil() {
+      high = llvm.ConstAllOnes(fr.types.inttype) // -1
+    }
+    result := fr.runtime.stringSlice.call(fr, x, low, high)
+    return result[0]
+  default:
+    panic("unimplemented")
+  }
+  if high.IsNil() {
+    high = arraylen
+  }
+  if max.IsNil() {
+    max = arraycap
+  }
+
+  // Bounds checking: 0 <= low <= high <= max <= cap
+  zero := llvm.ConstNull(fr.types.inttype)
+  l0 := fr.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSLT, low, zero, "")
+  hl := fr.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSLT, high, low, "")
+  mh := fr.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSLT, max, high, "")
+  cm := fr.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSLT, arraycap, max, "")
+
+  cond := fr.builder.CreateOr(l0, hl, "")
+  cond = fr.builder.CreateOr(cond, mh, "")
+  cond = fr.builder.CreateOr(cond, cm, "")
+
+  fr.condBrRuntimeError(cond, errcode)
+
+  slicelen := fr.builder.CreateSub(high, low, "")
+  slicecap := fr.builder.CreateSub(max, low, "")
+
+  elemsize := llvm.ConstInt(fr.llvmtypes.inttype, uint64(fr.llvmtypes.Sizeof(elemtyp)), false)
+  offset := fr.builder.CreateMul(low, elemsize, "")
+
+  sliceptr := fr.builder.CreateInBoundsGEP(arrayptr, []llvm.Value{offset}, "")
+
+  llslicetyp := fr.llvmtypes.sliceBackendType().ToLLVM(fr.llvmtypes.ctx)
+  sliceValue := llvm.Undef(llslicetyp)
+  sliceValue = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(sliceValue, sliceptr, 0, "")
+  sliceValue = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(sliceValue, slicelen, 1, "")
+  sliceValue = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(sliceValue, slicecap, 2, "")
+
+  return sliceValue
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/ssa.go

+//===- ssa.go - IR generation from go/ssa ---------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements the top-level LLVM IR generation from go/ssa form.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "fmt"
+  "go/ast"
+  "go/token"
+  "os"
+  "sort"
+
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/ssa"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/ssa/ssautil"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/ssaopt"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+// A globalInit is used to temporarily store a global's initializer until
+// we are ready to build it.
+type globalInit struct {
+  val   llvm.Value
+  elems []globalInit
+}
+
+func (gi *globalInit) update(typ llvm.Type, indices []uint32, val llvm.Value) {
+  if len(indices) == 0 {
+    gi.val = val
+    return
+  }
+
+  if gi.val.C != nil {
+    gi.val = llvm.ConstInsertValue(gi.val, val, indices)
+  }
+
+  tk := typ.TypeKind()
+
+  if len(gi.elems) == 0 {
+    switch tk {
+    case llvm.StructTypeKind:
+      gi.elems = make([]globalInit, typ.StructElementTypesCount())
+    case llvm.ArrayTypeKind:
+      gi.elems = make([]globalInit, typ.ArrayLength())
+    default:
+      panic("unexpected type")
+    }
+  }
+
+  var eltyp llvm.Type
+  switch tk {
+  case llvm.StructTypeKind:
+    eltyp = typ.StructElementTypes()[indices[0]]
+  case llvm.ArrayTypeKind:
+    eltyp = typ.ElementType()
+  default:
+    panic("unexpected type")
+  }
+
+  gi.elems[indices[0]].update(eltyp, indices[1:], val)
+}
+
+func (gi *globalInit) build(typ llvm.Type) llvm.Value {
+  if gi.val.C != nil {
+    return gi.val
+  }
+  if len(gi.elems) == 0 {
+    return llvm.ConstNull(typ)
+  }
+
+  switch typ.TypeKind() {
+  case llvm.StructTypeKind:
+    eltypes := typ.StructElementTypes()
+    elems := make([]llvm.Value, len(eltypes))
+    for i, eltyp := range eltypes {
+      elems[i] = gi.elems[i].build(eltyp)
+    }
+    return llvm.ConstStruct(elems, false)
+  case llvm.ArrayTypeKind:
+    eltyp := typ.ElementType()
+    elems := make([]llvm.Value, len(gi.elems))
+    for i := range gi.elems {
+      elems[i] = gi.elems[i].build(eltyp)
+    }
+    return llvm.ConstArray(eltyp, elems)
+  default:
+    panic("unexpected type")
+  }
+}
+
+type unit struct {
+  *compiler
+  pkg         *ssa.Package
+  globals     map[ssa.Value]llvm.Value
+  globalInits map[llvm.Value]*globalInit
+
+  // funcDescriptors maps *ssa.Functions to function descriptors,
+  // the first-class representation of functions.
+  funcDescriptors map[*ssa.Function]llvm.Value
+
+  // undefinedFuncs contains functions that have been resolved
+  // (declared) but not defined.
+  undefinedFuncs map[*ssa.Function]bool
+
+  gcRoots []llvm.Value
+}
+
+func newUnit(c *compiler, pkg *ssa.Package) *unit {
+  u := &unit{
+    compiler:        c,
+    pkg:             pkg,
+    globals:         make(map[ssa.Value]llvm.Value),
+    globalInits:     make(map[llvm.Value]*globalInit),
+    funcDescriptors: make(map[*ssa.Function]llvm.Value),
+    undefinedFuncs:  make(map[*ssa.Function]bool),
+  }
+  return u
+}
+
+type byMemberName []ssa.Member
+
+func (ms byMemberName) Len() int { return len(ms) }
+func (ms byMemberName) Swap(i, j int) {
+  ms[i], ms[j] = ms[j], ms[i]
+}
+func (ms byMemberName) Less(i, j int) bool {
+  return ms[i].Name() < ms[j].Name()
+}
+
+type byFunctionString []*ssa.Function
+
+func (fns byFunctionString) Len() int { return len(fns) }
+func (fns byFunctionString) Swap(i, j int) {
+  fns[i], fns[j] = fns[j], fns[i]
+}
+func (fns byFunctionString) Less(i, j int) bool {
+  return fns[i].String() < fns[j].String()
+}
+
+// Emit functions in order of their fully qualified names. This is so that a
+// bootstrap build can be verified by comparing the stage2 and stage3 binaries.
+func (u *unit) defineFunctionsInOrder(functions map[*ssa.Function]bool) {
+  fns := []*ssa.Function{}
+  for f, _ := range functions {
+    fns = append(fns, f)
+  }
+  sort.Sort(byFunctionString(fns))
+  for _, f := range fns {
+    u.defineFunction(f)
+  }
+}
+
+// translatePackage translates an *ssa.Package into an LLVM module, and returns
+// the translation unit information.
+func (u *unit) translatePackage(pkg *ssa.Package) {
+  ms := make([]ssa.Member, len(pkg.Members))
+  i := 0
+  for _, m := range pkg.Members {
+    ms[i] = m
+    i++
+  }
+
+  sort.Sort(byMemberName(ms))
+
+  // Initialize global storage and type descriptors for this package.
+  // We must create globals regardless of whether they're referenced,
+  // hence the duplication in frame.value.
+  for _, m := range ms {
+    switch v := m.(type) {
+    case *ssa.Global:
+      elemtyp := deref(v.Type())
+      llelemtyp := u.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(elemtyp)
+      vname := u.types.mc.mangleGlobalName(v)
+      global := llvm.AddGlobal(u.module.Module, llelemtyp, vname)
+      if !v.Object().Exported() {
+        global.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
+      }
+      u.addGlobal(global, elemtyp)
+      global = llvm.ConstBitCast(global, u.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(v.Type()))
+      u.globals[v] = global
+    case *ssa.Type:
+      u.types.getTypeDescriptorPointer(v.Type())
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Define functions.
+  u.defineFunctionsInOrder(ssautil.AllFunctions(pkg.Prog))
+
+  // Emit initializers for type descriptors, which may trigger
+  // the resolution of additional functions.
+  u.types.emitTypeDescInitializers()
+
+  // Define remaining functions that were resolved during
+  // runtime type mapping, but not defined.
+  u.defineFunctionsInOrder(u.undefinedFuncs)
+
+  // Set initializers for globals.
+  for global, init := range u.globalInits {
+    initval := init.build(global.Type().ElementType())
+    global.SetInitializer(initval)
+  }
+}
+
+func (u *unit) addGlobal(global llvm.Value, ty types.Type) {
+  u.globalInits[global] = new(globalInit)
+
+  if hasPointers(ty) {
+    global = llvm.ConstBitCast(global, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0))
+    size := llvm.ConstInt(u.types.inttype, uint64(u.types.Sizeof(ty)), false)
+    root := llvm.ConstStruct([]llvm.Value{global, size}, false)
+    u.gcRoots = append(u.gcRoots, root)
+  }
+}
+
+// ResolveMethod implements MethodResolver.ResolveMethod.
+func (u *unit) ResolveMethod(s *types.Selection) *govalue {
+  m := u.pkg.Prog.Method(s)
+  llfn := u.resolveFunctionGlobal(m)
+  llfn = llvm.ConstBitCast(llfn, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0))
+  return newValue(llfn, m.Signature)
+}
+
+// resolveFunctionDescriptorGlobal returns a reference to the LLVM global
+// storing the function's descriptor.
+func (u *unit) resolveFunctionDescriptorGlobal(f *ssa.Function) llvm.Value {
+  llfd, ok := u.funcDescriptors[f]
+  if !ok {
+    name := u.types.mc.mangleFunctionName(f) + "$descriptor"
+    llfd = llvm.AddGlobal(u.module.Module, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), name)
+    llfd.SetGlobalConstant(true)
+    u.funcDescriptors[f] = llfd
+  }
+  return llfd
+}
+
+// resolveFunctionDescriptor returns a function's
+// first-class value representation.
+func (u *unit) resolveFunctionDescriptor(f *ssa.Function) *govalue {
+  llfd := u.resolveFunctionDescriptorGlobal(f)
+  llfd = llvm.ConstBitCast(llfd, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0))
+  return newValue(llfd, f.Signature)
+}
+
+// resolveFunctionGlobal returns an llvm.Value for a function global.
+func (u *unit) resolveFunctionGlobal(f *ssa.Function) llvm.Value {
+  if v, ok := u.globals[f]; ok {
+    return v
+  }
+  name := u.types.mc.mangleFunctionName(f)
+  // It's possible that the function already exists in the module;
+  // for example, if it's a runtime intrinsic that the compiler
+  // has already referenced.
+  llvmFunction := u.module.Module.NamedFunction(name)
+  if llvmFunction.IsNil() {
+    fti := u.llvmtypes.getSignatureInfo(f.Signature)
+    llvmFunction = fti.declare(u.module.Module, name)
+    u.undefinedFuncs[f] = true
+  }
+  u.globals[f] = llvmFunction
+  return llvmFunction
+}
+
+func (u *unit) getFunctionLinkage(f *ssa.Function) llvm.Linkage {
+  switch {
+  case f.Pkg == nil:
+    // Synthetic functions outside packages may appear in multiple packages.
+    return llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage
+
+  case f.Parent() != nil:
+    // Anonymous.
+    return llvm.InternalLinkage
+
+  case f.Signature.Recv() == nil && !ast.IsExported(f.Name()) &&
+    !(f.Name() == "main" && f.Pkg.Object.Path() == "main") &&
+    f.Name() != "init":
+    // Unexported methods may be referenced as part of an interface method
+    // table in another package. TODO(pcc): detect when this cannot happen.
+    return llvm.InternalLinkage
+
+  default:
+    return llvm.ExternalLinkage
+  }
+}
+
+func (u *unit) defineFunction(f *ssa.Function) {
+  // Only define functions from this package, or synthetic
+  // wrappers (which do not have a package).
+  if f.Pkg != nil && f.Pkg != u.pkg {
+    return
+  }
+
+  llfn := u.resolveFunctionGlobal(f)
+  linkage := u.getFunctionLinkage(f)
+
+  isMethod := f.Signature.Recv() != nil
+
+  // Methods cannot be referred to via a descriptor.
+  if !isMethod {
+    llfd := u.resolveFunctionDescriptorGlobal(f)
+    llfd.SetInitializer(llvm.ConstBitCast(llfn, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0)))
+    llfd.SetLinkage(linkage)
+  }
+
+  // We only need to emit a descriptor for functions without bodies.
+  if len(f.Blocks) == 0 {
+    return
+  }
+
+  ssaopt.LowerAllocsToStack(f)
+
+  if u.DumpSSA {
+    f.WriteTo(os.Stderr)
+  }
+
+  fr := newFrame(u, llfn)
+  defer fr.dispose()
+  fr.addCommonFunctionAttrs(fr.function)
+  fr.function.SetLinkage(linkage)
+
+  fr.logf("Define function: %s", f.String())
+  fti := u.llvmtypes.getSignatureInfo(f.Signature)
+  delete(u.undefinedFuncs, f)
+  fr.retInf = fti.retInf
+
+  // Push the compile unit and function onto the debug context.
+  if u.GenerateDebug {
+    u.debug.PushFunction(fr.function, f.Signature, f.Pos())
+    defer u.debug.PopFunction()
+    u.debug.SetLocation(fr.builder, f.Pos())
+  }
+
+  // If a function calls recover, we create a separate function to
+  // hold the real function, and this function calls __go_can_recover
+  // and bridges to it.
+  if callsRecover(f) {
+    fr = fr.bridgeRecoverFunc(fr.function, fti)
+  }
+
+  fr.blocks = make([]llvm.BasicBlock, len(f.Blocks))
+  fr.lastBlocks = make([]llvm.BasicBlock, len(f.Blocks))
+  for i, block := range f.Blocks {
+    fr.blocks[i] = llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, fmt.Sprintf(".%d.%s", i, block.Comment))
+  }
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(fr.blocks[0])
+
+  prologueBlock := llvm.InsertBasicBlock(fr.blocks[0], "prologue")
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(prologueBlock)
+
+  // Map parameter positions to indices. We use this
+  // when processing locals to map back to parameters
+  // when generating debug metadata.
+  paramPos := make(map[token.Pos]int)
+  for i, param := range f.Params {
+    paramPos[param.Pos()] = i
+    llparam := fti.argInfos[i].decode(llvm.GlobalContext(), fr.builder, fr.builder)
+    if isMethod && i == 0 {
+      if _, ok := param.Type().Underlying().(*types.Pointer); !ok {
+        llparam = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(llparam, llvm.PointerType(fr.types.ToLLVM(param.Type()), 0), "")
+        llparam = fr.builder.CreateLoad(llparam, "")
+      }
+    }
+    fr.env[param] = newValue(llparam, param.Type())
+  }
+
+  // Load closure, extract free vars.
+  if len(f.FreeVars) > 0 {
+    for _, fv := range f.FreeVars {
+      fr.env[fv] = newValue(llvm.ConstNull(u.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(fv.Type())), fv.Type())
+    }
+    elemTypes := make([]llvm.Type, len(f.FreeVars)+1)
+    elemTypes[0] = llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0) // function pointer
+    for i, fv := range f.FreeVars {
+      elemTypes[i+1] = u.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(fv.Type())
+    }
+    structType := llvm.StructType(elemTypes, false)
+    closure := fr.runtime.getClosure.call(fr)[0]
+    closure = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(closure, llvm.PointerType(structType, 0), "")
+    for i, fv := range f.FreeVars {
+      ptr := fr.builder.CreateStructGEP(closure, i+1, "")
+      ptr = fr.builder.CreateLoad(ptr, "")
+      fr.env[fv] = newValue(ptr, fv.Type())
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Allocate stack space for locals in the prologue block.
+  for _, local := range f.Locals {
+    typ := fr.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(deref(local.Type()))
+    alloca := fr.builder.CreateAlloca(typ, local.Comment)
+    fr.memsetZero(alloca, llvm.SizeOf(typ))
+    bcalloca := fr.builder.CreateBitCast(alloca, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), "")
+    value := newValue(bcalloca, local.Type())
+    fr.env[local] = value
+    if fr.GenerateDebug {
+      paramIndex, ok := paramPos[local.Pos()]
+      if !ok {
+        paramIndex = -1
+      }
+      fr.debug.Declare(fr.builder, local, alloca, paramIndex)
+    }
+  }
+
+  // If this is the "init" function, enable init-specific optimizations.
+  if !isMethod && f.Name() == "init" {
+    fr.isInit = true
+  }
+
+  // If the function contains any defers, we must first create
+  // an unwind block. We can short-circuit the check for defers with
+  // f.Recover != nil.
+  if f.Recover != nil || hasDefer(f) {
+    fr.unwindBlock = llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+    fr.frameptr = fr.builder.CreateAlloca(llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+  }
+
+  term := fr.builder.CreateBr(fr.blocks[0])
+  fr.allocaBuilder.SetInsertPointBefore(term)
+
+  for _, block := range f.DomPreorder() {
+    fr.translateBlock(block, fr.blocks[block.Index])
+  }
+
+  fr.fixupPhis()
+
+  if !fr.unwindBlock.IsNil() {
+    fr.setupUnwindBlock(f.Recover, f.Signature.Results())
+  }
+
+  // The init function needs to register the GC roots first. We do this
+  // after generating code for it because allocations may have caused
+  // additional GC roots to be created.
+  if fr.isInit {
+    fr.builder.SetInsertPointBefore(prologueBlock.FirstInstruction())
+    fr.registerGcRoots()
+  }
+}
+
+type pendingPhi struct {
+  ssa  *ssa.Phi
+  llvm llvm.Value
+}
+
+type frame struct {
+  *unit
+  function               llvm.Value
+  builder, allocaBuilder llvm.Builder
+  retInf                 retInfo
+  blocks                 []llvm.BasicBlock
+  lastBlocks             []llvm.BasicBlock
+  runtimeErrorBlocks     [gccgoRuntimeErrorCount]llvm.BasicBlock
+  unwindBlock            llvm.BasicBlock
+  frameptr               llvm.Value
+  env                    map[ssa.Value]*govalue
+  ptr                    map[ssa.Value]llvm.Value
+  tuples                 map[ssa.Value][]*govalue
+  phis                   []pendingPhi
+  canRecover             llvm.Value
+  isInit                 bool
+}
+
+func newFrame(u *unit, fn llvm.Value) *frame {
+  return &frame{
+    unit:          u,
+    function:      fn,
+    builder:       llvm.GlobalContext().NewBuilder(),
+    allocaBuilder: llvm.GlobalContext().NewBuilder(),
+    env:           make(map[ssa.Value]*govalue),
+    ptr:           make(map[ssa.Value]llvm.Value),
+    tuples:        make(map[ssa.Value][]*govalue),
+  }
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) dispose() {
+  fr.builder.Dispose()
+  fr.allocaBuilder.Dispose()
+}
+
+// bridgeRecoverFunc creates a function that may call recover(), and creates
+// a call to it from the current frame. The created function will be called
+// with a boolean parameter that indicates whether it may call recover().
+//
+// The created function will have the same name as the current frame's function
+// with "$recover" appended, having the same return types and parameters with
+// an additional boolean parameter appended.
+//
+// A new frame will be returned for the newly created function.
+func (fr *frame) bridgeRecoverFunc(llfn llvm.Value, fti functionTypeInfo) *frame {
+  // The bridging function must not be inlined, or the return address
+  // may not correspond to the source function.
+  llfn.AddFunctionAttr(llvm.NoInlineAttribute)
+
+  // Call __go_can_recover, passing in the function's return address.
+  entry := llvm.AddBasicBlock(llfn, "entry")
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(entry)
+  canRecover := fr.runtime.canRecover.call(fr, fr.returnAddress(0))[0]
+  returnType := fti.functionType.ReturnType()
+  argTypes := fti.functionType.ParamTypes()
+  argTypes = append(argTypes, canRecover.Type())
+
+  // Create and call the $recover function.
+  ftiRecover := fti
+  ftiRecover.functionType = llvm.FunctionType(returnType, argTypes, false)
+  llfnRecover := ftiRecover.declare(fr.module.Module, llfn.Name()+"$recover")
+  fr.addCommonFunctionAttrs(llfnRecover)
+  llfnRecover.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
+  args := make([]llvm.Value, len(argTypes)-1, len(argTypes))
+  for i := range args {
+    args[i] = llfn.Param(i)
+  }
+  args = append(args, canRecover)
+  result := fr.builder.CreateCall(llfnRecover, args, "")
+  if returnType.TypeKind() == llvm.VoidTypeKind {
+    fr.builder.CreateRetVoid()
+  } else {
+    fr.builder.CreateRet(result)
+  }
+
+  // The $recover function must condition calls to __go_recover on
+  // the result of __go_can_recover passed in as an argument.
+  fr = newFrame(fr.unit, llfnRecover)
+  fr.retInf = ftiRecover.retInf
+  fr.canRecover = fr.function.Param(len(argTypes) - 1)
+  return fr
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) registerGcRoots() {
+  if len(fr.gcRoots) != 0 {
+    rootty := fr.gcRoots[0].Type()
+    roots := append(fr.gcRoots, llvm.ConstNull(rootty))
+    rootsarr := llvm.ConstArray(rootty, roots)
+    rootsstruct := llvm.ConstStruct([]llvm.Value{llvm.ConstNull(llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0)), rootsarr}, false)
+
+    rootsglobal := llvm.AddGlobal(fr.module.Module, rootsstruct.Type(), "")
+    rootsglobal.SetInitializer(rootsstruct)
+    rootsglobal.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
+    fr.runtime.registerGcRoots.callOnly(fr, llvm.ConstBitCast(rootsglobal, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0)))
+  }
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) fixupPhis() {
+  for _, phi := range fr.phis {
+    values := make([]llvm.Value, len(phi.ssa.Edges))
+    blocks := make([]llvm.BasicBlock, len(phi.ssa.Edges))
+    block := phi.ssa.Block()
+    for i, edge := range phi.ssa.Edges {
+      values[i] = fr.llvmvalue(edge)
+      blocks[i] = fr.lastBlock(block.Preds[i])
+    }
+    phi.llvm.AddIncoming(values, blocks)
+  }
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) createLandingPad(cleanup bool) llvm.Value {
+  lp := fr.builder.CreateLandingPad(fr.runtime.gccgoExceptionType, fr.runtime.gccgoPersonality, 0, "")
+  if cleanup {
+    lp.SetCleanup(true)
+  } else {
+    lp.AddClause(llvm.ConstNull(llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0)))
+  }
+  return lp
+}
+
+// Runs defers. If a defer panics, check for recovers in later defers.
+func (fr *frame) runDefers() {
+  loopbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  fr.builder.CreateBr(loopbb)
+
+  retrylpad := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(retrylpad)
+  fr.createLandingPad(false)
+  fr.runtime.checkDefer.callOnly(fr, fr.frameptr)
+  fr.builder.CreateBr(loopbb)
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(loopbb)
+  fr.runtime.undefer.invoke(fr, retrylpad, fr.frameptr)
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) setupUnwindBlock(rec *ssa.BasicBlock, results *types.Tuple) {
+  recoverbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  if rec != nil {
+    fr.translateBlock(rec, recoverbb)
+  } else if results.Len() == 0 || results.At(0).Anonymous() {
+    // TODO(pcc): Remove this code after https://codereview.appspot.com/87210044/ lands
+    fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(recoverbb)
+    values := make([]llvm.Value, results.Len())
+    for i := range values {
+      values[i] = llvm.ConstNull(fr.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(results.At(i).Type()))
+    }
+    fr.retInf.encode(llvm.GlobalContext(), fr.allocaBuilder, fr.builder, values)
+  } else {
+    fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(recoverbb)
+    fr.builder.CreateUnreachable()
+  }
+
+  checkunwindbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(checkunwindbb)
+  exc := fr.createLandingPad(true)
+  fr.runDefers()
+
+  frame := fr.builder.CreateLoad(fr.frameptr, "")
+  shouldresume := fr.builder.CreateIsNull(frame, "")
+
+  resumebb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  fr.builder.CreateCondBr(shouldresume, resumebb, recoverbb)
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(resumebb)
+  fr.builder.CreateResume(exc)
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(fr.unwindBlock)
+  fr.createLandingPad(false)
+  fr.runtime.checkDefer.invoke(fr, checkunwindbb, fr.frameptr)
+  fr.runDefers()
+  fr.builder.CreateBr(recoverbb)
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) translateBlock(b *ssa.BasicBlock, llb llvm.BasicBlock) {
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(llb)
+  for _, instr := range b.Instrs {
+    fr.instruction(instr)
+  }
+  fr.lastBlocks[b.Index] = fr.builder.GetInsertBlock()
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) block(b *ssa.BasicBlock) llvm.BasicBlock {
+  return fr.blocks[b.Index]
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) lastBlock(b *ssa.BasicBlock) llvm.BasicBlock {
+  return fr.lastBlocks[b.Index]
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) value(v ssa.Value) (result *govalue) {
+  switch v := v.(type) {
+  case nil:
+    return nil
+  case *ssa.Function:
+    return fr.resolveFunctionDescriptor(v)
+  case *ssa.Const:
+    return fr.newValueFromConst(v.Value, v.Type())
+  case *ssa.Global:
+    if g, ok := fr.globals[v]; ok {
+      return newValue(g, v.Type())
+    }
+    // Create an external global. Globals for this package are defined
+    // on entry to translatePackage, and have initialisers.
+    llelemtyp := fr.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(deref(v.Type()))
+    vname := fr.types.mc.mangleGlobalName(v)
+    llglobal := llvm.AddGlobal(fr.module.Module, llelemtyp, vname)
+    llglobal = llvm.ConstBitCast(llglobal, fr.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(v.Type()))
+    fr.globals[v] = llglobal
+    return newValue(llglobal, v.Type())
+  }
+  if value, ok := fr.env[v]; ok {
+    return value
+  }
+
+  panic("Instruction not visited yet")
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) llvmvalue(v ssa.Value) llvm.Value {
+  if gv := fr.value(v); gv != nil {
+    return gv.value
+  } else {
+    return llvm.Value{nil}
+  }
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) isNonNull(v ssa.Value) bool {
+  switch v.(type) {
+  case
+    // Globals have a fixed (non-nil) address.
+    *ssa.Global,
+    // The language does not specify what happens if an allocation fails.
+    *ssa.Alloc,
+    // These have already been nil checked.
+    *ssa.FieldAddr, *ssa.IndexAddr:
+    return true
+  default:
+    return false
+  }
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) nilCheck(v ssa.Value, llptr llvm.Value) {
+  if !fr.isNonNull(v) {
+    ptrnull := fr.builder.CreateIsNull(llptr, "")
+    fr.condBrRuntimeError(ptrnull, gccgoRuntimeErrorNIL_DEREFERENCE)
+  }
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) canAvoidElementLoad(refs []ssa.Instruction) bool {
+  for _, ref := range refs {
+    switch ref.(type) {
+    case *ssa.Field, *ssa.Index:
+      // ok
+    default:
+      return false
+    }
+  }
+
+  return true
+}
+
+// If this value is sufficiently large, look through referrers to see if we can
+// avoid a load.
+func (fr *frame) canAvoidLoad(instr *ssa.UnOp, op llvm.Value) bool {
+  if fr.types.Sizeof(instr.Type()) < 16 {
+    // Don't bother with small values.
+    return false
+  }
+
+  // Keep track of whether our pointer may escape. We conservatively assume
+  // that MakeInterfaces will escape.
+  esc := false
+
+  // We only know how to avoid loads if they are used to create an interface
+  // or read an element of the structure. If we see any other referrer, abort.
+  for _, ref := range *instr.Referrers() {
+    switch ref.(type) {
+    case *ssa.MakeInterface:
+      esc = true
+    case *ssa.Field, *ssa.Index:
+      // ok
+    default:
+      return false
+    }
+  }
+
+  var opcopy llvm.Value
+  if esc {
+    opcopy = fr.createTypeMalloc(instr.Type())
+  } else {
+    opcopy = fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(fr.types.ToLLVM(instr.Type()), "")
+  }
+  fr.memcpy(opcopy, op, llvm.ConstInt(fr.types.inttype, uint64(fr.types.Sizeof(instr.Type())), false))
+
+  fr.ptr[instr] = opcopy
+  return true
+}
+
+// Return true iff we think it might be beneficial to turn this alloc instruction
+// into a statically allocated global.
+// Precondition: we are compiling the init function.
+func (fr *frame) shouldStaticallyAllocate(alloc *ssa.Alloc) bool {
+  // First, see if the allocated type is an array or struct, and if so determine
+  // the number of elements in the type. If the type is anything else, we
+  // statically allocate unconditionally.
+  var numElems int64
+  switch ty := deref(alloc.Type()).Underlying().(type) {
+  case *types.Array:
+    numElems = ty.Len()
+  case *types.Struct:
+    numElems = int64(ty.NumFields())
+  default:
+    return true
+  }
+
+  // We treat the number of referrers to the alloc instruction as a rough
+  // proxy for the number of elements initialized. If the data structure
+  // is densely initialized (> 1/4 elements initialized), enable the
+  // optimization.
+  return int64(len(*alloc.Referrers()))*4 > numElems
+}
+
+// If val is a constant and addr refers to a global variable which is defined in
+// this module or an element thereof, simulate the effect of storing val at addr
+// in the global variable's initializer and return true, otherwise return false.
+// Precondition: we are compiling the init function.
+func (fr *frame) maybeStoreInInitializer(val, addr llvm.Value) bool {
+  if val.IsAConstant().IsNil() {
+    return false
+  }
+
+  if !addr.IsAConstantExpr().IsNil() && addr.OperandsCount() >= 2 &&
+    // TODO(pcc): Explicitly check that this is a constant GEP.
+    // I don't think there are any other kinds of constantexpr which
+    // satisfy the conditions we test for here, so this is probably safe.
+    !addr.Operand(0).IsAGlobalVariable().IsNil() &&
+    addr.Operand(1).IsNull() {
+    gv := addr.Operand(0)
+    globalInit, ok := fr.globalInits[gv]
+    if !ok {
+      return false
+    }
+    indices := make([]uint32, addr.OperandsCount()-2)
+    for i := range indices {
+      op := addr.Operand(i + 2)
+      if op.IsAConstantInt().IsNil() {
+        return false
+      }
+      indices[i] = uint32(op.ZExtValue())
+    }
+    globalInit.update(gv.Type().ElementType(), indices, val)
+    return true
+  } else if !addr.IsAGlobalVariable().IsNil() {
+    if globalInit, ok := fr.globalInits[addr]; ok {
+      globalInit.update(addr.Type().ElementType(), nil, val)
+      return true
+    }
+    return false
+  } else {
+    return false
+  }
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) instruction(instr ssa.Instruction) {
+  fr.logf("[%T] %v @ %s\n", instr, instr, fr.pkg.Prog.Fset.Position(instr.Pos()))
+  if fr.GenerateDebug {
+    fr.debug.SetLocation(fr.builder, instr.Pos())
+  }
+
+  switch instr := instr.(type) {
+  case *ssa.Alloc:
+    typ := deref(instr.Type())
+    llvmtyp := fr.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(typ)
+    var value llvm.Value
+    if !instr.Heap {
+      value = fr.env[instr].value
+      fr.memsetZero(value, llvm.SizeOf(llvmtyp))
+    } else if fr.isInit && fr.shouldStaticallyAllocate(instr) {
+      // If this is the init function and we think it may be beneficial,
+      // allocate memory statically in the object file rather than on the
+      // heap. This allows us to optimize constant stores into such
+      // variables as static initializations.
+      global := llvm.AddGlobal(fr.module.Module, llvmtyp, "")
+      global.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
+      fr.addGlobal(global, typ)
+      ptr := llvm.ConstBitCast(global, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0))
+      fr.env[instr] = newValue(ptr, instr.Type())
+    } else {
+      value = fr.createTypeMalloc(typ)
+      value.SetName(instr.Comment)
+      value = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(value, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), "")
+      fr.env[instr] = newValue(value, instr.Type())
+    }
+
+  case *ssa.BinOp:
+    lhs, rhs := fr.value(instr.X), fr.value(instr.Y)
+    fr.env[instr] = fr.binaryOp(lhs, instr.Op, rhs)
+
+  case *ssa.Call:
+    tuple := fr.callInstruction(instr)
+    if len(tuple) == 1 {
+      fr.env[instr] = tuple[0]
+    } else {
+      fr.tuples[instr] = tuple
+    }
+
+  case *ssa.ChangeInterface:
+    x := fr.value(instr.X)
+    // The source type must be a non-empty interface,
+    // as ChangeInterface cannot fail (E2I may fail).
+    if instr.Type().Underlying().(*types.Interface).NumMethods() > 0 {
+      x = fr.changeInterface(x, instr.Type(), false)
+    } else {
+      x = fr.convertI2E(x)
+    }
+    fr.env[instr] = x
+
+  case *ssa.ChangeType:
+    value := fr.llvmvalue(instr.X)
+    if _, ok := instr.Type().Underlying().(*types.Pointer); ok {
+      value = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(value, fr.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(instr.Type()), "")
+    }
+    fr.env[instr] = newValue(value, instr.Type())
+
+  case *ssa.Convert:
+    v := fr.value(instr.X)
+    fr.env[instr] = fr.convert(v, instr.Type())
+
+  case *ssa.Defer:
+    fn, arg := fr.createThunk(instr)
+    fr.runtime.Defer.call(fr, fr.frameptr, fn, arg)
+
+  case *ssa.Extract:
+    var elem llvm.Value
+    if t, ok := fr.tuples[instr.Tuple]; ok {
+      elem = t[instr.Index].value
+    } else {
+      tuple := fr.llvmvalue(instr.Tuple)
+      elem = fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(tuple, instr.Index, instr.Name())
+    }
+    elemtyp := instr.Type()
+    fr.env[instr] = newValue(elem, elemtyp)
+
+  case *ssa.Field:
+    fieldtyp := instr.Type()
+    if p, ok := fr.ptr[instr.X]; ok {
+      field := fr.builder.CreateStructGEP(p, instr.Field, instr.Name())
+      if fr.canAvoidElementLoad(*instr.Referrers()) {
+        fr.ptr[instr] = field
+      } else {
+        fr.env[instr] = newValue(fr.builder.CreateLoad(field, ""), fieldtyp)
+      }
+    } else {
+      value := fr.llvmvalue(instr.X)
+      field := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, instr.Field, instr.Name())
+      fr.env[instr] = newValue(field, fieldtyp)
+    }
+
+  case *ssa.FieldAddr:
+    ptr := fr.llvmvalue(instr.X)
+    fr.nilCheck(instr.X, ptr)
+    xtyp := instr.X.Type().Underlying().(*types.Pointer).Elem()
+    ptrtyp := llvm.PointerType(fr.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(xtyp), 0)
+    ptr = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(ptr, ptrtyp, "")
+    fieldptr := fr.builder.CreateStructGEP(ptr, instr.Field, instr.Name())
+    fieldptr = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(fieldptr, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), "")
+    fieldptrtyp := instr.Type()
+    fr.env[instr] = newValue(fieldptr, fieldptrtyp)
+
+  case *ssa.Go:
+    fn, arg := fr.createThunk(instr)
+    fr.runtime.Go.call(fr, fn, arg)
+
+  case *ssa.If:
+    cond := fr.llvmvalue(instr.Cond)
+    block := instr.Block()
+    trueBlock := fr.block(block.Succs[0])
+    falseBlock := fr.block(block.Succs[1])
+    cond = fr.builder.CreateTrunc(cond, llvm.Int1Type(), "")
+    fr.builder.CreateCondBr(cond, trueBlock, falseBlock)
+
+  case *ssa.Index:
+    var arrayptr llvm.Value
+
+    if ptr, ok := fr.ptr[instr.X]; ok {
+      arrayptr = ptr
+    } else {
+      array := fr.llvmvalue(instr.X)
+      arrayptr = fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(array.Type(), "")
+
+      fr.builder.CreateStore(array, arrayptr)
+    }
+    index := fr.llvmvalue(instr.Index)
+
+    arraytyp := instr.X.Type().Underlying().(*types.Array)
+    arraylen := llvm.ConstInt(fr.llvmtypes.inttype, uint64(arraytyp.Len()), false)
+
+    // The index may not have been promoted to int (for example, if it
+    // came from a composite literal).
+    index = fr.createZExtOrTrunc(index, fr.types.inttype, "")
+
+    // Bounds checking: 0 <= index < len
+    zero := llvm.ConstNull(fr.types.inttype)
+    i0 := fr.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSLT, index, zero, "")
+    li := fr.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSLE, arraylen, index, "")
+
+    cond := fr.builder.CreateOr(i0, li, "")
+
+    fr.condBrRuntimeError(cond, gccgoRuntimeErrorARRAY_INDEX_OUT_OF_BOUNDS)
+
+    addr := fr.builder.CreateGEP(arrayptr, []llvm.Value{zero, index}, "")
+    if fr.canAvoidElementLoad(*instr.Referrers()) {
+      fr.ptr[instr] = addr
+    } else {
+      fr.env[instr] = newValue(fr.builder.CreateLoad(addr, ""), instr.Type())
+    }
+
+  case *ssa.IndexAddr:
+    x := fr.llvmvalue(instr.X)
+    index := fr.llvmvalue(instr.Index)
+    var arrayptr, arraylen llvm.Value
+    var elemtyp types.Type
+    var errcode uint64
+    switch typ := instr.X.Type().Underlying().(type) {
+    case *types.Slice:
+      elemtyp = typ.Elem()
+      arrayptr = fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(x, 0, "")
+      arraylen = fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(x, 1, "")
+      errcode = gccgoRuntimeErrorSLICE_INDEX_OUT_OF_BOUNDS
+    case *types.Pointer: // *array
+      arraytyp := typ.Elem().Underlying().(*types.Array)
+      elemtyp = arraytyp.Elem()
+      fr.nilCheck(instr.X, x)
+      arrayptr = x
+      arraylen = llvm.ConstInt(fr.llvmtypes.inttype, uint64(arraytyp.Len()), false)
+      errcode = gccgoRuntimeErrorARRAY_INDEX_OUT_OF_BOUNDS
+    }
+
+    // The index may not have been promoted to int (for example, if it
+    // came from a composite literal).
+    index = fr.createZExtOrTrunc(index, fr.types.inttype, "")
+
+    // Bounds checking: 0 <= index < len
+    zero := llvm.ConstNull(fr.types.inttype)
+    i0 := fr.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSLT, index, zero, "")
+    li := fr.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSLE, arraylen, index, "")
+
+    cond := fr.builder.CreateOr(i0, li, "")
+
+    fr.condBrRuntimeError(cond, errcode)
+
+    ptrtyp := llvm.PointerType(fr.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(elemtyp), 0)
+    arrayptr = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(arrayptr, ptrtyp, "")
+    addr := fr.builder.CreateGEP(arrayptr, []llvm.Value{index}, "")
+    addr = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(addr, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), "")
+    fr.env[instr] = newValue(addr, types.NewPointer(elemtyp))
+
+  case *ssa.Jump:
+    succ := instr.Block().Succs[0]
+    fr.builder.CreateBr(fr.block(succ))
+
+  case *ssa.Lookup:
+    x := fr.value(instr.X)
+    index := fr.value(instr.Index)
+    if isString(x.Type().Underlying()) {
+      fr.env[instr] = fr.stringIndex(x, index)
+    } else {
+      v, ok := fr.mapLookup(x, index)
+      if instr.CommaOk {
+        fr.tuples[instr] = []*govalue{v, ok}
+      } else {
+        fr.env[instr] = v
+      }
+    }
+
+  case *ssa.MakeChan:
+    fr.env[instr] = fr.makeChan(instr.Type(), fr.value(instr.Size))
+
+  case *ssa.MakeClosure:
+    llfn := fr.resolveFunctionGlobal(instr.Fn.(*ssa.Function))
+    llfn = llvm.ConstBitCast(llfn, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0))
+    fn := newValue(llfn, instr.Fn.(*ssa.Function).Signature)
+    bindings := make([]*govalue, len(instr.Bindings))
+    for i, binding := range instr.Bindings {
+      bindings[i] = fr.value(binding)
+    }
+    fr.env[instr] = fr.makeClosure(fn, bindings)
+
+  case *ssa.MakeInterface:
+    // fr.ptr[instr.X] will be set if a pointer load was elided by canAvoidLoad
+    if ptr, ok := fr.ptr[instr.X]; ok {
+      fr.env[instr] = fr.makeInterfaceFromPointer(ptr, instr.X.Type(), instr.Type())
+    } else {
+      receiver := fr.llvmvalue(instr.X)
+      fr.env[instr] = fr.makeInterface(receiver, instr.X.Type(), instr.Type())
+    }
+
+  case *ssa.MakeMap:
+    fr.env[instr] = fr.makeMap(instr.Type(), fr.value(instr.Reserve))
+
+  case *ssa.MakeSlice:
+    length := fr.value(instr.Len)
+    capacity := fr.value(instr.Cap)
+    fr.env[instr] = fr.makeSlice(instr.Type(), length, capacity)
+
+  case *ssa.MapUpdate:
+    m := fr.value(instr.Map)
+    k := fr.value(instr.Key)
+    v := fr.value(instr.Value)
+    fr.mapUpdate(m, k, v)
+
+  case *ssa.Next:
+    iter := fr.tuples[instr.Iter]
+    if instr.IsString {
+      fr.tuples[instr] = fr.stringIterNext(iter)
+    } else {
+      fr.tuples[instr] = fr.mapIterNext(iter)
+    }
+
+  case *ssa.Panic:
+    arg := fr.value(instr.X)
+    fr.callPanic(arg)
+
+  case *ssa.Phi:
+    typ := instr.Type()
+    phi := fr.builder.CreatePHI(fr.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(typ), instr.Comment)
+    fr.env[instr] = newValue(phi, typ)
+    fr.phis = append(fr.phis, pendingPhi{instr, phi})
+
+  case *ssa.Range:
+    x := fr.value(instr.X)
+    switch x.Type().Underlying().(type) {
+    case *types.Map:
+      fr.tuples[instr] = fr.mapIterInit(x)
+    case *types.Basic: // string
+      fr.tuples[instr] = fr.stringIterInit(x)
+    default:
+      panic(fmt.Sprintf("unhandled range for type %T", x.Type()))
+    }
+
+  case *ssa.Return:
+    vals := make([]llvm.Value, len(instr.Results))
+    for i, res := range instr.Results {
+      vals[i] = fr.llvmvalue(res)
+    }
+    fr.retInf.encode(llvm.GlobalContext(), fr.allocaBuilder, fr.builder, vals)
+
+  case *ssa.RunDefers:
+    fr.runDefers()
+
+  case *ssa.Select:
+    states := make([]selectState, len(instr.States))
+    for i, state := range instr.States {
+      states[i] = selectState{
+        Dir:  state.Dir,
+        Chan: fr.value(state.Chan),
+        Send: fr.value(state.Send),
+      }
+    }
+    index, recvOk, recvElems := fr.chanSelect(states, instr.Blocking)
+    tuple := append([]*govalue{index, recvOk}, recvElems...)
+    fr.tuples[instr] = tuple
+
+  case *ssa.Send:
+    fr.chanSend(fr.value(instr.Chan), fr.value(instr.X))
+
+  case *ssa.Slice:
+    x := fr.llvmvalue(instr.X)
+    low := fr.llvmvalue(instr.Low)
+    high := fr.llvmvalue(instr.High)
+    max := fr.llvmvalue(instr.Max)
+    slice := fr.slice(x, instr.X.Type(), low, high, max)
+    fr.env[instr] = newValue(slice, instr.Type())
+
+  case *ssa.Store:
+    addr := fr.llvmvalue(instr.Addr)
+    value := fr.llvmvalue(instr.Val)
+    addr = fr.builder.CreateBitCast(addr, llvm.PointerType(value.Type(), 0), "")
+    // If this is the init function, see if we can simulate the effect
+    // of the store in a global's initializer, in which case we can avoid
+    // generating code for it.
+    if !fr.isInit || !fr.maybeStoreInInitializer(value, addr) {
+      fr.nilCheck(instr.Addr, addr)
+      fr.builder.CreateStore(value, addr)
+    }
+
+  case *ssa.TypeAssert:
+    x := fr.value(instr.X)
+    if instr.CommaOk {
+      v, ok := fr.interfaceTypeCheck(x, instr.AssertedType)
+      fr.tuples[instr] = []*govalue{v, ok}
+    } else {
+      fr.env[instr] = fr.interfaceTypeAssert(x, instr.AssertedType)
+    }
+
+  case *ssa.UnOp:
+    operand := fr.value(instr.X)
+    switch instr.Op {
+    case token.ARROW:
+      x, ok := fr.chanRecv(operand, instr.CommaOk)
+      if instr.CommaOk {
+        fr.tuples[instr] = []*govalue{x, ok}
+      } else {
+        fr.env[instr] = x
+      }
+    case token.MUL:
+      fr.nilCheck(instr.X, operand.value)
+      if !fr.canAvoidLoad(instr, operand.value) {
+        // The bitcast is necessary to handle recursive pointer loads.
+        llptr := fr.builder.CreateBitCast(operand.value, llvm.PointerType(fr.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(instr.Type()), 0), "")
+        fr.env[instr] = newValue(fr.builder.CreateLoad(llptr, ""), instr.Type())
+      }
+    default:
+      fr.env[instr] = fr.unaryOp(operand, instr.Op)
+    }
+
+  default:
+    panic(fmt.Sprintf("unhandled: %v", instr))
+  }
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) callBuiltin(typ types.Type, builtin *ssa.Builtin, args []ssa.Value) []*govalue {
+  switch builtin.Name() {
+  case "print", "println":
+    llargs := make([]*govalue, len(args))
+    for i, arg := range args {
+      llargs[i] = fr.value(arg)
+    }
+    fr.printValues(builtin.Name() == "println", llargs...)
+    return nil
+
+  case "panic":
+    fr.callPanic(fr.value(args[0]))
+    return nil
+
+  case "recover":
+    return []*govalue{fr.callRecover(false)}
+
+  case "append":
+    return []*govalue{fr.callAppend(fr.value(args[0]), fr.value(args[1]))}
+
+  case "close":
+    fr.chanClose(fr.value(args[0]))
+    return nil
+
+  case "cap":
+    return []*govalue{fr.callCap(fr.value(args[0]))}
+
+  case "len":
+    return []*govalue{fr.callLen(fr.value(args[0]))}
+
+  case "copy":
+    return []*govalue{fr.callCopy(fr.value(args[0]), fr.value(args[1]))}
+
+  case "delete":
+    fr.mapDelete(fr.value(args[0]), fr.value(args[1]))
+    return nil
+
+  case "real":
+    return []*govalue{fr.extractRealValue(fr.value(args[0]))}
+
+  case "imag":
+    return []*govalue{fr.extractImagValue(fr.value(args[0]))}
+
+  case "complex":
+    r := fr.llvmvalue(args[0])
+    i := fr.llvmvalue(args[1])
+    cmplx := llvm.Undef(fr.llvmtypes.ToLLVM(typ))
+    cmplx = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(cmplx, r, 0, "")
+    cmplx = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(cmplx, i, 1, "")
+    return []*govalue{newValue(cmplx, typ)}
+
+  case "ssa:wrapnilchk":
+    ptr := fr.value(args[0])
+    fr.nilCheck(args[0], ptr.value)
+    return []*govalue{ptr}
+
+  default:
+    panic("unimplemented: " + builtin.Name())
+  }
+}
+
+// callInstruction translates function call instructions.
+func (fr *frame) callInstruction(instr ssa.CallInstruction) []*govalue {
+  call := instr.Common()
+  if builtin, ok := call.Value.(*ssa.Builtin); ok {
+    var typ types.Type
+    if v := instr.Value(); v != nil {
+      typ = v.Type()
+    }
+    return fr.callBuiltin(typ, builtin, call.Args)
+  }
+
+  args := make([]*govalue, len(call.Args))
+  for i, arg := range call.Args {
+    args[i] = fr.value(arg)
+  }
+
+  var fn *govalue
+  if call.IsInvoke() {
+    var recv *govalue
+    fn, recv = fr.interfaceMethod(fr.llvmvalue(call.Value), call.Value.Type(), call.Method)
+    args = append([]*govalue{recv}, args...)
+  } else {
+    if ssafn, ok := call.Value.(*ssa.Function); ok {
+      llfn := fr.resolveFunctionGlobal(ssafn)
+      llfn = llvm.ConstBitCast(llfn, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0))
+      fn = newValue(llfn, ssafn.Type())
+    } else {
+      // First-class function values are stored as *{*fnptr}, so
+      // we must extract the function pointer. We must also
+      // call __go_set_closure, in case the function is a closure.
+      fn = fr.value(call.Value)
+      fr.runtime.setClosure.call(fr, fn.value)
+      fnptr := fr.builder.CreateBitCast(fn.value, llvm.PointerType(fn.value.Type(), 0), "")
+      fnptr = fr.builder.CreateLoad(fnptr, "")
+      fn = newValue(fnptr, fn.Type())
+    }
+    if recv := call.Signature().Recv(); recv != nil {
+      if _, ok := recv.Type().Underlying().(*types.Pointer); !ok {
+        recvalloca := fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(args[0].value.Type(), "")
+        fr.builder.CreateStore(args[0].value, recvalloca)
+        args[0] = newValue(recvalloca, types.NewPointer(args[0].Type()))
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return fr.createCall(fn, args)
+}
+
+func hasDefer(f *ssa.Function) bool {
+  for _, b := range f.Blocks {
+    for _, instr := range b.Instrs {
+      if _, ok := instr.(*ssa.Defer); ok {
+        return true
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return false
+}
+
+func callsRecover(f *ssa.Function) bool {
+  for _, b := range f.Blocks {
+    for _, instr := range b.Instrs {
+      if instr, ok := instr.(ssa.CallInstruction); ok {
+        b, ok := instr.Common().Value.(*ssa.Builtin)
+        if ok && b.Name() == "recover" {
+          return true
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return false
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/strings.go

+//===- strings.go - IR generation for string ops --------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements IR generation for string operations.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "go/token"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+func (fr *frame) concatenateStrings(lhs, rhs *govalue) *govalue {
+  result := fr.runtime.stringPlus.call(fr, lhs.value, rhs.value)
+  return newValue(result[0], types.Typ[types.String])
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) compareStrings(lhs, rhs *govalue, op token.Token) *govalue {
+  result := fr.runtime.strcmp.call(fr, lhs.value, rhs.value)[0]
+  zero := llvm.ConstNull(fr.types.inttype)
+  var pred llvm.IntPredicate
+  switch op {
+  case token.EQL:
+    pred = llvm.IntEQ
+  case token.LSS:
+    pred = llvm.IntSLT
+  case token.GTR:
+    pred = llvm.IntSGT
+  case token.LEQ:
+    pred = llvm.IntSLE
+  case token.GEQ:
+    pred = llvm.IntSGE
+  case token.NEQ:
+    panic("NEQ is handled in govalue.BinaryOp")
+  default:
+    panic("unreachable")
+  }
+  result = fr.builder.CreateICmp(pred, result, zero, "")
+  result = fr.builder.CreateZExt(result, llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+  return newValue(result, types.Typ[types.Bool])
+}
+
+// stringIndex implements v = m[i]
+func (fr *frame) stringIndex(s, i *govalue) *govalue {
+  ptr := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(s.value, 0, "")
+  ptr = fr.builder.CreateGEP(ptr, []llvm.Value{i.value}, "")
+  return newValue(fr.builder.CreateLoad(ptr, ""), types.Typ[types.Byte])
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) stringIterInit(str *govalue) []*govalue {
+  indexptr := fr.allocaBuilder.CreateAlloca(fr.types.inttype, "")
+  fr.builder.CreateStore(llvm.ConstNull(fr.types.inttype), indexptr)
+  return []*govalue{str, newValue(indexptr, types.Typ[types.Int])}
+}
+
+// stringIterNext advances the iterator, and returns the tuple (ok, k, v).
+func (fr *frame) stringIterNext(iter []*govalue) []*govalue {
+  str, indexptr := iter[0], iter[1]
+  k := fr.builder.CreateLoad(indexptr.value, "")
+
+  result := fr.runtime.stringiter2.call(fr, str.value, k)
+  fr.builder.CreateStore(result[0], indexptr.value)
+  ok := fr.builder.CreateIsNotNull(result[0], "")
+  ok = fr.builder.CreateZExt(ok, llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+  v := result[1]
+
+  return []*govalue{newValue(ok, types.Typ[types.Bool]), newValue(k, types.Typ[types.Int]), newValue(v, types.Typ[types.Rune])}
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) runeToString(v *govalue) *govalue {
+  v = fr.convert(v, types.Typ[types.Int])
+  result := fr.runtime.intToString.call(fr, v.value)
+  return newValue(result[0], types.Typ[types.String])
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) stringToRuneSlice(v *govalue) *govalue {
+  result := fr.runtime.stringToIntArray.call(fr, v.value)
+  runeslice := types.NewSlice(types.Typ[types.Rune])
+  return newValue(result[0], runeslice)
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) runeSliceToString(v *govalue) *govalue {
+  llv := v.value
+  ptr := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(llv, 0, "")
+  len := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(llv, 1, "")
+  result := fr.runtime.intArrayToString.call(fr, ptr, len)
+  return newValue(result[0], types.Typ[types.String])
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/targets.go

+//===- targets.go - target data -------------------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file contains functions for retrieving target-specific data.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "fmt"
+  "strings"
+
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+// PNaClTriple is the LLVM target triple that should be used to compile
+// modules to be compatible with PNaCl (Portable Native Client).
+const PNaClTriple = "armv7-none-linux-gnueabi"
+
+// Below are the target data representation constants generated by clang.
+// For unknown targets, we enumerate all targets known to LLVM and use
+// the first one with a matching architecture.
+const (
+  x86TargetData = "e-p:64:64:64-i1:8:8-i8:8:8-i16:16:16-i32:32:32-i64:64:64-f32:32:32-f64:64:64-v64:64:64-v128:128:128-a0:0:64-s0:64:64-f80:128:128-n8:16:32:64-S128"
+)
+
+// llvmDataLayout returns the data layout string
+// representation for the specified LLVM triple.
+func llvmDataLayout(triple string) (string, error) {
+  // Triples are several fields separated by '-' characters.
+  // The first field is the architecture. The architecture's
+  // canonical form may include a '-' character, which would
+  // have been translated to '_' for inclusion in a triple.
+  arch := parseArch(triple[:strings.IndexRune(triple, '-')])
+  switch arch {
+  case "x86-64":
+    return x86TargetData, nil
+  }
+  for target := llvm.FirstTarget(); target.C != nil; target = target.NextTarget() {
+    if arch == target.Name() {
+      machine := target.CreateTargetMachine(
+        triple, "", "",
+        llvm.CodeGenLevelDefault,
+        llvm.RelocDefault,
+        llvm.CodeModelDefault,
+      )
+      target := machine.TargetData().String()
+      machine.Dispose()
+      return target, nil
+    }
+  }
+  return "", fmt.Errorf("Invalid target triple: %s", triple)
+}
+
+// Based on parseArch from LLVM's lib/Support/Triple.cpp.
+// This is used to match the target machine type.
+func parseArch(arch string) string {
+  switch arch {
+  case "i386", "i486", "i586", "i686", "i786", "i886", "i986":
+    return "x86"
+  case "amd64", "x86_64":
+    return "x86-64"
+  case "powerpc":
+    return "ppc"
+  case "powerpc64", "ppu":
+    return "ppc64"
+  case "mblaze":
+    return "mblaze"
+  case "arm", "xscale":
+    return "arm"
+  case "thumb":
+    return "thumb"
+  case "spu", "cellspu":
+    return "cellspu"
+  case "msp430":
+    return "msp430"
+  case "mips", "mipseb", "mipsallegrex":
+    return "mips"
+  case "mipsel", "mipsallegrexel":
+    return "mipsel"
+  case "mips64", "mips64eb":
+    return "mips64"
+  case "mipsel64":
+    return "mipsel64"
+  case "r600", "hexagon", "sparc", "sparcv9", "tce",
+    "xcore", "nvptx", "nvptx64", "le32", "amdil":
+    return arch
+  }
+  if strings.HasPrefix(arch, "armv") {
+    return "arm"
+  } else if strings.HasPrefix(arch, "thumbv") {
+    return "thumb"
+  }
+  return "unknown"
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/typemap.go

+//===- typemap.go - type and type descriptor mapping ----------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements the mapping from go/types types to LLVM types and to
+// type descriptors.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "bytes"
+  "fmt"
+  "sort"
+  "strconv"
+  "strings"
+
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/ssa"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/ssa/ssautil"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types/typeutil"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+type MethodResolver interface {
+  ResolveMethod(*types.Selection) *govalue
+}
+
+// llvmTypeMap is provides a means of mapping from a types.Map
+// to llgo's corresponding LLVM type representation.
+type llvmTypeMap struct {
+  sizes      *types.StdSizes
+  ctx        llvm.Context
+  target     llvm.TargetData
+  inttype    llvm.Type
+  stringType llvm.Type
+
+  types typeutil.Map
+}
+
+type typeDescInfo struct {
+  global        llvm.Value
+  commonTypePtr llvm.Value
+  mapDescPtr    llvm.Value
+  gc, gcPtr     llvm.Value
+
+  interfaceMethodTables typeutil.Map
+}
+
+type TypeMap struct {
+  *llvmTypeMap
+  mc manglerContext
+
+  module         llvm.Module
+  pkgpath        string
+  types, algs    typeutil.Map
+  runtime        *runtimeInterface
+  methodResolver MethodResolver
+  types.MethodSetCache
+
+  commonTypeType, uncommonTypeType, ptrTypeType, funcTypeType, arrayTypeType, sliceTypeType, mapTypeType, chanTypeType, interfaceTypeType, structTypeType llvm.Type
+  mapDescType                                                                                                                                             llvm.Type
+
+  methodType, imethodType, structFieldType llvm.Type
+
+  typeSliceType, methodSliceType, imethodSliceType, structFieldSliceType llvm.Type
+
+  hashFnType, equalFnType llvm.Type
+
+  hashFnEmptyInterface, hashFnInterface, hashFnFloat, hashFnComplex, hashFnString, hashFnIdentity, hashFnError        llvm.Value
+  equalFnEmptyInterface, equalFnInterface, equalFnFloat, equalFnComplex, equalFnString, equalFnIdentity, equalFnError llvm.Value
+
+  zeroType  llvm.Type
+  zeroValue llvm.Value
+}
+
+func NewLLVMTypeMap(ctx llvm.Context, target llvm.TargetData) *llvmTypeMap {
+  // spec says int is either 32-bit or 64-bit.
+  // ABI currently requires sizeof(int) == sizeof(uint) == sizeof(uintptr).
+  inttype := ctx.IntType(8 * target.PointerSize())
+
+  i8ptr := llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0)
+  elements := []llvm.Type{i8ptr, inttype}
+  stringType := llvm.StructType(elements, false)
+
+  return &llvmTypeMap{
+    ctx: ctx,
+    sizes: &types.StdSizes{
+      WordSize: int64(target.PointerSize()),
+      MaxAlign: 8,
+    },
+    target:     target,
+    inttype:    inttype,
+    stringType: stringType,
+  }
+}
+
+func NewTypeMap(pkg *ssa.Package, llvmtm *llvmTypeMap, module llvm.Module, r *runtimeInterface, mr MethodResolver) *TypeMap {
+  tm := &TypeMap{
+    llvmTypeMap:    llvmtm,
+    module:         module,
+    pkgpath:        pkg.Object.Path(),
+    runtime:        r,
+    methodResolver: mr,
+  }
+
+  tm.mc.init(pkg.Prog, &tm.MethodSetCache)
+
+  uintptrType := tm.inttype
+  voidPtrType := llvm.PointerType(tm.ctx.Int8Type(), 0)
+  boolType := llvm.Int8Type()
+  stringPtrType := llvm.PointerType(tm.stringType, 0)
+
+  // Create runtime algorithm function types.
+  params := []llvm.Type{voidPtrType, uintptrType}
+  tm.hashFnType = llvm.FunctionType(uintptrType, params, false)
+  params = []llvm.Type{voidPtrType, voidPtrType, uintptrType}
+  tm.equalFnType = llvm.FunctionType(boolType, params, false)
+
+  tm.hashFnEmptyInterface = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_hash_empty_interface", tm.hashFnType)
+  tm.hashFnInterface = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_hash_interface", tm.hashFnType)
+  tm.hashFnFloat = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_hash_float", tm.hashFnType)
+  tm.hashFnComplex = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_hash_complex", tm.hashFnType)
+  tm.hashFnString = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_hash_string", tm.hashFnType)
+  tm.hashFnIdentity = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_hash_identity", tm.hashFnType)
+  tm.hashFnError = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_hash_error", tm.hashFnType)
+
+  tm.equalFnEmptyInterface = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_equal_empty_interface", tm.equalFnType)
+  tm.equalFnInterface = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_equal_interface", tm.equalFnType)
+  tm.equalFnFloat = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_equal_float", tm.equalFnType)
+  tm.equalFnComplex = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_equal_complex", tm.equalFnType)
+  tm.equalFnString = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_equal_string", tm.equalFnType)
+  tm.equalFnIdentity = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_equal_identity", tm.equalFnType)
+  tm.equalFnError = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, "__go_type_equal_error", tm.equalFnType)
+
+  // The body of this type is set in emitTypeDescInitializers once we have scanned
+  // every type, as it needs to be as large and well aligned as the
+  // largest/most aligned type.
+  tm.zeroType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("zero")
+  tm.zeroValue = llvm.AddGlobal(tm.module, tm.zeroType, "go$zerovalue")
+  tm.zeroValue.SetLinkage(llvm.CommonLinkage)
+  tm.zeroValue.SetInitializer(llvm.ConstNull(tm.zeroType))
+
+  tm.commonTypeType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("commonType")
+  commonTypeTypePtr := llvm.PointerType(tm.commonTypeType, 0)
+
+  tm.methodType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("method")
+  tm.methodType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    stringPtrType,     // name
+    stringPtrType,     // pkgPath
+    commonTypeTypePtr, // mtype (without receiver)
+    commonTypeTypePtr, // type (with receiver)
+    voidPtrType,       // function
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.methodSliceType = tm.makeNamedSliceType("methodSlice", tm.methodType)
+
+  tm.uncommonTypeType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("uncommonType")
+  tm.uncommonTypeType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    stringPtrType,      // name
+    stringPtrType,      // pkgPath
+    tm.methodSliceType, // methods
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.commonTypeType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    tm.ctx.Int8Type(),                        // Kind
+    tm.ctx.Int8Type(),                        // align
+    tm.ctx.Int8Type(),                        // fieldAlign
+    uintptrType,                              // size
+    tm.ctx.Int32Type(),                       // hash
+    llvm.PointerType(tm.hashFnType, 0),       // hashfn
+    llvm.PointerType(tm.equalFnType, 0),      // equalfn
+    voidPtrType,                              // gc
+    stringPtrType,                            // string
+    llvm.PointerType(tm.uncommonTypeType, 0), // uncommonType
+    commonTypeTypePtr,                        // ptrToThis
+    llvm.PointerType(tm.zeroType, 0),         // zero
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.typeSliceType = tm.makeNamedSliceType("typeSlice", commonTypeTypePtr)
+
+  tm.ptrTypeType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("ptrType")
+  tm.ptrTypeType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    tm.commonTypeType,
+    commonTypeTypePtr,
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.funcTypeType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("funcType")
+  tm.funcTypeType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    tm.commonTypeType,
+    tm.ctx.Int8Type(), // dotdotdot
+    tm.typeSliceType,  // in
+    tm.typeSliceType,  // out
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.arrayTypeType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("arrayType")
+  tm.arrayTypeType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    tm.commonTypeType,
+    commonTypeTypePtr, // elem
+    commonTypeTypePtr, // slice
+    tm.inttype,        // len
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.sliceTypeType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("sliceType")
+  tm.sliceTypeType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    tm.commonTypeType,
+    commonTypeTypePtr, // elem
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.mapTypeType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("mapType")
+  tm.mapTypeType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    tm.commonTypeType,
+    commonTypeTypePtr, // key
+    commonTypeTypePtr, // elem
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.chanTypeType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("chanType")
+  tm.chanTypeType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    tm.commonTypeType,
+    commonTypeTypePtr, // elem
+    tm.inttype,        // dir
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.imethodType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("imethod")
+  tm.imethodType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    stringPtrType,     // name
+    stringPtrType,     // pkgPath
+    commonTypeTypePtr, // typ
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.imethodSliceType = tm.makeNamedSliceType("imethodSlice", tm.imethodType)
+
+  tm.interfaceTypeType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("interfaceType")
+  tm.interfaceTypeType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    tm.commonTypeType,
+    tm.imethodSliceType,
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.structFieldType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("structField")
+  tm.structFieldType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    stringPtrType,     // name
+    stringPtrType,     // pkgPath
+    commonTypeTypePtr, // typ
+    stringPtrType,     // tag
+    tm.inttype,        // offset
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.structFieldSliceType = tm.makeNamedSliceType("structFieldSlice", tm.structFieldType)
+
+  tm.structTypeType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("structType")
+  tm.structTypeType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    tm.commonTypeType,
+    tm.structFieldSliceType, // fields
+  }, false)
+
+  tm.mapDescType = tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed("mapDesc")
+  tm.mapDescType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    commonTypeTypePtr, // map_descriptor
+    tm.inttype,        // entry_size
+    tm.inttype,        // key_offset
+    tm.inttype,        // value_offset
+  }, false)
+
+  return tm
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) ToLLVM(t types.Type) llvm.Type {
+  return tm.toLLVM(t, "")
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) toLLVM(t types.Type, name string) llvm.Type {
+  lt, ok := tm.types.At(t).(llvm.Type)
+  if !ok {
+    lt = tm.makeLLVMType(t, name)
+    if lt.IsNil() {
+      panic(fmt.Sprint("Failed to create LLVM type for: ", t))
+    }
+    tm.types.Set(t, lt)
+  }
+  return lt
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) makeLLVMType(t types.Type, name string) llvm.Type {
+  return tm.getBackendType(t).ToLLVM(tm.ctx)
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) Offsetsof(fields []*types.Var) []int64 {
+  offsets := make([]int64, len(fields))
+  var o int64
+  for i, f := range fields {
+    a := tm.Alignof(f.Type())
+    o = align(o, a)
+    offsets[i] = o
+    o += tm.Sizeof(f.Type())
+  }
+  return offsets
+}
+
+var basicSizes = [...]byte{
+  types.Bool:       1,
+  types.Int8:       1,
+  types.Int16:      2,
+  types.Int32:      4,
+  types.Int64:      8,
+  types.Uint8:      1,
+  types.Uint16:     2,
+  types.Uint32:     4,
+  types.Uint64:     8,
+  types.Float32:    4,
+  types.Float64:    8,
+  types.Complex64:  8,
+  types.Complex128: 16,
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) Sizeof(T types.Type) int64 {
+  switch t := T.Underlying().(type) {
+  case *types.Basic:
+    k := t.Kind()
+    if int(k) < len(basicSizes) {
+      if s := basicSizes[k]; s > 0 {
+        return int64(s)
+      }
+    }
+    if k == types.String {
+      return tm.sizes.WordSize * 2
+    }
+  case *types.Array:
+    a := tm.Alignof(t.Elem())
+    z := tm.Sizeof(t.Elem())
+    return align(z, a) * t.Len() // may be 0
+  case *types.Slice:
+    return tm.sizes.WordSize * 3
+  case *types.Struct:
+    n := t.NumFields()
+    if n == 0 {
+      return 0
+    }
+    fields := make([]*types.Var, t.NumFields())
+    for i := 0; i != t.NumFields(); i++ {
+      fields[i] = t.Field(i)
+    }
+    offsets := tm.Offsetsof(fields)
+    return align(offsets[n-1]+tm.Sizeof(t.Field(n-1).Type()), tm.Alignof(t))
+  case *types.Interface:
+    return tm.sizes.WordSize * 2
+  }
+  return tm.sizes.WordSize // catch-all
+}
+
+func (tm *llvmTypeMap) Alignof(t types.Type) int64 {
+  return tm.sizes.Alignof(t)
+}
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) ToRuntime(t types.Type) llvm.Value {
+  return llvm.ConstBitCast(tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(t), llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0))
+}
+
+type localNamedTypeInfo struct {
+  functionName string
+  scopeNum     int
+}
+
+type namedTypeInfo struct {
+  pkgname, pkgpath string
+  name             string
+  localNamedTypeInfo
+}
+
+type manglerContext struct {
+  ti  map[*types.Named]localNamedTypeInfo
+  msc *types.MethodSetCache
+}
+
+// Assembles the method set into the order that gccgo uses (unexported methods first).
+// TODO(pcc): cache this.
+func orderedMethodSet(ms *types.MethodSet) []*types.Selection {
+  oms := make([]*types.Selection, ms.Len())
+  omsi := 0
+  for i := 0; i != ms.Len(); i++ {
+    if sel := ms.At(i); !sel.Obj().Exported() {
+      oms[omsi] = sel
+      omsi++
+    }
+  }
+  for i := 0; i != ms.Len(); i++ {
+    if sel := ms.At(i); sel.Obj().Exported() {
+      oms[omsi] = sel
+      omsi++
+    }
+  }
+  return oms
+}
+
+func (ctx *manglerContext) init(prog *ssa.Program, msc *types.MethodSetCache) {
+  ctx.msc = msc
+  ctx.ti = make(map[*types.Named]localNamedTypeInfo)
+  for f, _ := range ssautil.AllFunctions(prog) {
+    scopeNum := 0
+    var addNamedTypesToMap func(*types.Scope)
+    addNamedTypesToMap = func(scope *types.Scope) {
+      hasNamedTypes := false
+      for _, n := range scope.Names() {
+        if tn, ok := scope.Lookup(n).(*types.TypeName); ok {
+          hasNamedTypes = true
+          ctx.ti[tn.Type().(*types.Named)] = localNamedTypeInfo{f.Name(), scopeNum}
+        }
+      }
+      if hasNamedTypes {
+        scopeNum++
+      }
+      for i := 0; i != scope.NumChildren(); i++ {
+        addNamedTypesToMap(scope.Child(i))
+      }
+    }
+    if fobj, ok := f.Object().(*types.Func); ok && fobj.Scope() != nil {
+      addNamedTypesToMap(fobj.Scope())
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+func (ctx *manglerContext) getNamedTypeInfo(t types.Type) (nti namedTypeInfo) {
+  switch t := t.(type) {
+  case *types.Basic:
+    switch t.Kind() {
+    case types.Byte:
+      nti.name = "uint8"
+    case types.Rune:
+      nti.name = "int32"
+    case types.UnsafePointer:
+      nti.pkgname = "unsafe"
+      nti.pkgpath = "unsafe"
+      nti.name = "Pointer"
+    default:
+      nti.name = t.Name()
+    }
+
+  case *types.Named:
+    obj := t.Obj()
+    if pkg := obj.Pkg(); pkg != nil {
+      nti.pkgname = obj.Pkg().Name()
+      nti.pkgpath = obj.Pkg().Path()
+    }
+    nti.name = obj.Name()
+    nti.localNamedTypeInfo = ctx.ti[t]
+
+  default:
+    panic("not a named type")
+  }
+
+  return
+}
+
+func (ctx *manglerContext) mangleSignature(s *types.Signature, recv *types.Var, b *bytes.Buffer) {
+  b.WriteRune('F')
+  if recv != nil {
+    b.WriteRune('m')
+    ctx.mangleType(recv.Type(), b)
+  }
+
+  if p := s.Params(); p.Len() != 0 {
+    b.WriteRune('p')
+    for i := 0; i != p.Len(); i++ {
+      ctx.mangleType(p.At(i).Type(), b)
+    }
+    if s.Variadic() {
+      b.WriteRune('V')
+    }
+    b.WriteRune('e')
+  }
+
+  if r := s.Results(); r.Len() != 0 {
+    b.WriteRune('r')
+    for i := 0; i != r.Len(); i++ {
+      ctx.mangleType(r.At(i).Type(), b)
+    }
+    b.WriteRune('e')
+  }
+
+  b.WriteRune('e')
+}
+
+func (ctx *manglerContext) manglePackagePath(pkgpath string, b *bytes.Buffer) {
+  pkgpath = strings.Replace(pkgpath, "/", "_", -1)
+  pkgpath = strings.Replace(pkgpath, ".", "_", -1)
+  b.WriteString(pkgpath)
+}
+
+func (ctx *manglerContext) mangleType(t types.Type, b *bytes.Buffer) {
+  switch t := t.(type) {
+  case *types.Basic, *types.Named:
+    var nb bytes.Buffer
+    ti := ctx.getNamedTypeInfo(t)
+    if ti.pkgpath != "" {
+      ctx.manglePackagePath(ti.pkgpath, &nb)
+      nb.WriteRune('.')
+    }
+    if ti.functionName != "" {
+      nb.WriteString(ti.functionName)
+      nb.WriteRune('$')
+      if ti.scopeNum != 0 {
+        nb.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(ti.scopeNum))
+        nb.WriteRune('$')
+      }
+    }
+    nb.WriteString(ti.name)
+
+    b.WriteRune('N')
+    b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(nb.Len()))
+    b.WriteRune('_')
+    b.WriteString(nb.String())
+
+  case *types.Pointer:
+    b.WriteRune('p')
+    ctx.mangleType(t.Elem(), b)
+
+  case *types.Map:
+    b.WriteRune('M')
+    ctx.mangleType(t.Key(), b)
+    b.WriteString("__")
+    ctx.mangleType(t.Elem(), b)
+
+  case *types.Chan:
+    b.WriteRune('C')
+    ctx.mangleType(t.Elem(), b)
+    switch t.Dir() {
+    case types.SendOnly:
+      b.WriteRune('s')
+    case types.RecvOnly:
+      b.WriteRune('r')
+    case types.SendRecv:
+      b.WriteString("sr")
+    }
+    b.WriteRune('e')
+
+  case *types.Signature:
+    ctx.mangleSignature(t, t.Recv(), b)
+
+  case *types.Array:
+    b.WriteRune('A')
+    ctx.mangleType(t.Elem(), b)
+    b.WriteString(strconv.FormatInt(t.Len(), 10))
+    b.WriteRune('e')
+
+  case *types.Slice:
+    b.WriteRune('A')
+    ctx.mangleType(t.Elem(), b)
+    b.WriteRune('e')
+
+  case *types.Struct:
+    b.WriteRune('S')
+    for i := 0; i != t.NumFields(); i++ {
+      f := t.Field(i)
+      if f.Anonymous() {
+        b.WriteString("0_")
+      } else {
+        b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(len(f.Name())))
+        b.WriteRune('_')
+        b.WriteString(f.Name())
+      }
+      ctx.mangleType(f.Type(), b)
+      // TODO: tags are mangled here
+    }
+    b.WriteRune('e')
+
+  case *types.Interface:
+    b.WriteRune('I')
+    methodset := ctx.msc.MethodSet(t)
+    for _, m := range orderedMethodSet(methodset) {
+      method := m.Obj()
+      var nb bytes.Buffer
+      if !method.Exported() {
+        nb.WriteRune('.')
+        nb.WriteString(method.Pkg().Path())
+        nb.WriteRune('.')
+      }
+      nb.WriteString(method.Name())
+
+      b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(nb.Len()))
+      b.WriteRune('_')
+      b.WriteString(nb.String())
+
+      ctx.mangleSignature(method.Type().(*types.Signature), nil, b)
+    }
+    b.WriteRune('e')
+
+  default:
+    panic(fmt.Sprintf("unhandled type: %#v", t))
+  }
+}
+
+func (ctx *manglerContext) mangleTypeDescriptorName(t types.Type, b *bytes.Buffer) {
+  switch t := t.(type) {
+  case *types.Basic, *types.Named:
+    b.WriteString("__go_tdn_")
+    ti := ctx.getNamedTypeInfo(t)
+    if ti.pkgpath != "" {
+      ctx.manglePackagePath(ti.pkgpath, b)
+      b.WriteRune('.')
+    }
+    if ti.functionName != "" {
+      b.WriteString(ti.functionName)
+      b.WriteRune('.')
+      if ti.scopeNum != 0 {
+        b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(ti.scopeNum))
+        b.WriteRune('.')
+      }
+    }
+    b.WriteString(ti.name)
+
+  default:
+    b.WriteString("__go_td_")
+    ctx.mangleType(t, b)
+  }
+}
+
+func (ctx *manglerContext) mangleMapDescriptorName(t types.Type, b *bytes.Buffer) {
+  b.WriteString("__go_map_")
+  ctx.mangleType(t, b)
+}
+
+func (ctx *manglerContext) mangleImtName(srctype types.Type, targettype *types.Interface, b *bytes.Buffer) {
+  b.WriteString("__go_imt_")
+  ctx.mangleType(targettype, b)
+  b.WriteString("__")
+  ctx.mangleType(srctype, b)
+}
+
+func (ctx *manglerContext) mangleHashFunctionName(t types.Type) string {
+  var b bytes.Buffer
+  b.WriteString("__go_type_hash_")
+  ctx.mangleType(t, &b)
+  return b.String()
+}
+
+func (ctx *manglerContext) mangleEqualFunctionName(t types.Type) string {
+  var b bytes.Buffer
+  b.WriteString("__go_type_equal_")
+  ctx.mangleType(t, &b)
+  return b.String()
+}
+
+func (ctx *manglerContext) mangleFunctionName(f *ssa.Function) string {
+  var b bytes.Buffer
+
+  if f.Parent() != nil {
+    // Anonymous functions are not guaranteed to
+    // have unique identifiers at the global scope.
+    b.WriteString(ctx.mangleFunctionName(f.Parent()))
+    b.WriteRune(':')
+    b.WriteString(f.String())
+    return b.String()
+  }
+
+  pkg := f.Pkg
+  var pkgobj *types.Package
+  if pkg != nil {
+    pkgobj = pkg.Object
+  } else if f.Signature.Recv() != nil {
+    pkgobj = f.Signature.Recv().Pkg()
+  } else {
+    b.WriteString(f.String())
+    return b.String()
+  }
+
+  if pkg != nil {
+    ctx.manglePackagePath(pkgobj.Path(), &b)
+    b.WriteRune('.')
+  }
+  if f.Signature.Recv() == nil && f.Name() == "init" {
+    b.WriteString(".import")
+  } else {
+    b.WriteString(f.Name())
+  }
+  if f.Signature.Recv() != nil {
+    b.WriteRune('.')
+    ctx.mangleType(f.Signature.Recv().Type(), &b)
+  }
+
+  return b.String()
+}
+
+func (ctx *manglerContext) mangleGlobalName(g *ssa.Global) string {
+  var b bytes.Buffer
+
+  ctx.manglePackagePath(g.Pkg.Object.Path(), &b)
+  b.WriteRune('.')
+  b.WriteString(g.Name())
+
+  return b.String()
+}
+
+const (
+  // From gofrontend/types.h
+  gccgoTypeClassERROR = iota
+  gccgoTypeClassVOID
+  gccgoTypeClassBOOLEAN
+  gccgoTypeClassINTEGER
+  gccgoTypeClassFLOAT
+  gccgoTypeClassCOMPLEX
+  gccgoTypeClassSTRING
+  gccgoTypeClassSINK
+  gccgoTypeClassFUNCTION
+  gccgoTypeClassPOINTER
+  gccgoTypeClassNIL
+  gccgoTypeClassCALL_MULTIPLE_RESULT
+  gccgoTypeClassSTRUCT
+  gccgoTypeClassARRAY
+  gccgoTypeClassMAP
+  gccgoTypeClassCHANNEL
+  gccgoTypeClassINTERFACE
+  gccgoTypeClassNAMED
+  gccgoTypeClassFORWARD
+)
+
+func getStringHash(s string, h uint32) uint32 {
+  for _, c := range []byte(s) {
+    h ^= uint32(c)
+    h += 16777619
+  }
+  return h
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getTypeHash(t types.Type) uint32 {
+  switch t := t.(type) {
+  case *types.Basic, *types.Named:
+    nti := tm.mc.getNamedTypeInfo(t)
+    h := getStringHash(nti.functionName+nti.name+nti.pkgpath, 0)
+    h ^= uint32(nti.scopeNum)
+    return gccgoTypeClassNAMED + h
+
+  case *types.Signature:
+    var h uint32
+
+    p := t.Params()
+    for i := 0; i != p.Len(); i++ {
+      h += tm.getTypeHash(p.At(i).Type()) << uint32(i+1)
+    }
+
+    r := t.Results()
+    for i := 0; i != r.Len(); i++ {
+      h += tm.getTypeHash(r.At(i).Type()) << uint32(i+2)
+    }
+
+    if t.Variadic() {
+      h += 1
+    }
+    h <<= 4
+    return gccgoTypeClassFUNCTION + h
+
+  case *types.Pointer:
+    return gccgoTypeClassPOINTER + (tm.getTypeHash(t.Elem()) << 4)
+
+  case *types.Struct:
+    var h uint32
+    for i := 0; i != t.NumFields(); i++ {
+      h = (h << 1) + tm.getTypeHash(t.Field(i).Type())
+    }
+    h <<= 2
+    return gccgoTypeClassSTRUCT + h
+
+  case *types.Array:
+    return gccgoTypeClassARRAY + tm.getTypeHash(t.Elem()) + 1
+
+  case *types.Slice:
+    return gccgoTypeClassARRAY + tm.getTypeHash(t.Elem()) + 1
+
+  case *types.Map:
+    return gccgoTypeClassMAP + tm.getTypeHash(t.Key()) + tm.getTypeHash(t.Elem()) + 2
+
+  case *types.Chan:
+    var h uint32
+
+    switch t.Dir() {
+    case types.SendOnly:
+      h = 1
+    case types.RecvOnly:
+      h = 2
+    case types.SendRecv:
+      h = 3
+    }
+
+    h += tm.getTypeHash(t.Elem()) << 2
+    h <<= 3
+    return gccgoTypeClassCHANNEL + h
+
+  case *types.Interface:
+    var h uint32
+    for _, m := range orderedMethodSet(tm.MethodSet(t)) {
+      h = getStringHash(m.Obj().Name(), h)
+      h <<= 1
+    }
+    return gccgoTypeClassINTERFACE + h
+
+  default:
+    panic(fmt.Sprintf("unhandled type: %#v", t))
+  }
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) writeType(typ types.Type, b *bytes.Buffer) {
+  switch t := typ.(type) {
+  case *types.Basic, *types.Named:
+    ti := tm.mc.getNamedTypeInfo(t)
+    if ti.pkgpath != "" {
+      b.WriteByte('\t')
+      tm.mc.manglePackagePath(ti.pkgpath, b)
+      b.WriteByte('\t')
+      b.WriteString(ti.pkgname)
+      b.WriteByte('.')
+    }
+    if ti.functionName != "" {
+      b.WriteByte('\t')
+      b.WriteString(ti.functionName)
+      b.WriteByte('$')
+      if ti.scopeNum != 0 {
+        b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(ti.scopeNum))
+        b.WriteByte('$')
+      }
+      b.WriteByte('\t')
+    }
+    b.WriteString(ti.name)
+
+  case *types.Array:
+    fmt.Fprintf(b, "[%d]", t.Len())
+    tm.writeType(t.Elem(), b)
+
+  case *types.Slice:
+    b.WriteString("[]")
+    tm.writeType(t.Elem(), b)
+
+  case *types.Struct:
+    if t.NumFields() == 0 {
+      b.WriteString("struct {}")
+      return
+    }
+    b.WriteString("struct { ")
+    for i := 0; i != t.NumFields(); i++ {
+      f := t.Field(i)
+      if i > 0 {
+        b.WriteString("; ")
+      }
+      if !f.Anonymous() {
+        b.WriteString(f.Name())
+        b.WriteByte(' ')
+      }
+      tm.writeType(f.Type(), b)
+      if tag := t.Tag(i); tag != "" {
+        fmt.Fprintf(b, " %q", tag)
+      }
+    }
+    b.WriteString(" }")
+
+  case *types.Pointer:
+    b.WriteByte('*')
+    tm.writeType(t.Elem(), b)
+
+  case *types.Signature:
+    b.WriteString("func")
+    tm.writeSignature(t, b)
+
+  case *types.Interface:
+    if t.NumMethods() == 0 && t.NumEmbeddeds() == 0 {
+      b.WriteString("interface {}")
+      return
+    }
+    // We write the source-level methods and embedded types rather
+    // than the actual method set since resolved method signatures
+    // may have non-printable cycles if parameters have anonymous
+    // interface types that (directly or indirectly) embed the
+    // current interface. For instance, consider the result type
+    // of m:
+    //
+    //     type T interface{
+    //         m() interface{ T }
+    //     }
+    //
+    b.WriteString("interface { ")
+    // print explicit interface methods and embedded types
+    for i := 0; i != t.NumMethods(); i++ {
+      m := t.Method(i)
+      if i > 0 {
+        b.WriteString("; ")
+      }
+      if !m.Exported() {
+        b.WriteString(m.Pkg().Path())
+        b.WriteByte('.')
+      }
+      b.WriteString(m.Name())
+      tm.writeSignature(m.Type().(*types.Signature), b)
+    }
+    for i := 0; i != t.NumEmbeddeds(); i++ {
+      typ := t.Embedded(i)
+      if i > 0 || t.NumMethods() > 0 {
+        b.WriteString("; ")
+      }
+      tm.writeType(typ, b)
+    }
+    b.WriteString(" }")
+
+  case *types.Map:
+    b.WriteString("map[")
+    tm.writeType(t.Key(), b)
+    b.WriteByte(']')
+    tm.writeType(t.Elem(), b)
+
+  case *types.Chan:
+    var s string
+    var parens bool
+    switch t.Dir() {
+    case types.SendRecv:
+      s = "chan "
+      // chan (<-chan T) requires parentheses
+      if c, _ := t.Elem().(*types.Chan); c != nil && c.Dir() == types.RecvOnly {
+        parens = true
+      }
+    case types.SendOnly:
+      s = "chan<- "
+    case types.RecvOnly:
+      s = "<-chan "
+    default:
+      panic("unreachable")
+    }
+    b.WriteString(s)
+    if parens {
+      b.WriteByte('(')
+    }
+    tm.writeType(t.Elem(), b)
+    if parens {
+      b.WriteByte(')')
+    }
+
+  default:
+    panic(fmt.Sprintf("unhandled type: %#v", t))
+  }
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) writeTuple(tup *types.Tuple, variadic bool, b *bytes.Buffer) {
+  b.WriteByte('(')
+  if tup != nil {
+    for i := 0; i != tup.Len(); i++ {
+      v := tup.At(i)
+      if i > 0 {
+        b.WriteString(", ")
+      }
+      typ := v.Type()
+      if variadic && i == tup.Len()-1 {
+        b.WriteString("...")
+        typ = typ.(*types.Slice).Elem()
+      }
+      tm.writeType(typ, b)
+    }
+  }
+  b.WriteByte(')')
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) writeSignature(sig *types.Signature, b *bytes.Buffer) {
+  tm.writeTuple(sig.Params(), sig.Variadic(), b)
+
+  n := sig.Results().Len()
+  if n == 0 {
+    // no result
+    return
+  }
+
+  b.WriteByte(' ')
+  if n == 1 {
+    tm.writeType(sig.Results().At(0).Type(), b)
+    return
+  }
+
+  // multiple results
+  tm.writeTuple(sig.Results(), false, b)
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getTypeDescType(t types.Type) llvm.Type {
+  switch t.Underlying().(type) {
+  case *types.Basic:
+    return tm.commonTypeType
+  case *types.Pointer:
+    return tm.ptrTypeType
+  case *types.Signature:
+    return tm.funcTypeType
+  case *types.Array:
+    return tm.arrayTypeType
+  case *types.Slice:
+    return tm.sliceTypeType
+  case *types.Map:
+    return tm.mapTypeType
+  case *types.Chan:
+    return tm.chanTypeType
+  case *types.Struct:
+    return tm.structTypeType
+  case *types.Interface:
+    return tm.interfaceTypeType
+  default:
+    panic(fmt.Sprintf("unhandled type: %#v", t))
+  }
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getNamedTypeLinkage(nt *types.Named) (linkage llvm.Linkage, emit bool) {
+  if pkg := nt.Obj().Pkg(); pkg != nil {
+    linkage = llvm.ExternalLinkage
+    emit = pkg.Path() == tm.pkgpath
+  } else {
+    linkage = llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage
+    emit = true
+  }
+
+  return
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getTypeDescLinkage(t types.Type) (linkage llvm.Linkage, emit bool) {
+  switch t := t.(type) {
+  case *types.Named:
+    linkage, emit = tm.getNamedTypeLinkage(t)
+
+  case *types.Pointer:
+    elem := t.Elem()
+    if nt, ok := elem.(*types.Named); ok {
+      // Thanks to the ptrToThis member, pointers to named types appear
+      // in exactly the same objects as the named types themselves, so
+      // we can give them the same linkage.
+      linkage, emit = tm.getNamedTypeLinkage(nt)
+      return
+    }
+    linkage = llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage
+    emit = true
+
+  default:
+    linkage = llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage
+    emit = true
+  }
+
+  return
+}
+
+type typeAndInfo struct {
+  typ        types.Type
+  typeString string
+  tdi        *typeDescInfo
+}
+
+type byTypeName []typeAndInfo
+
+func (ts byTypeName) Len() int { return len(ts) }
+func (ts byTypeName) Swap(i, j int) {
+  ts[i], ts[j] = ts[j], ts[i]
+}
+func (ts byTypeName) Less(i, j int) bool {
+  return ts[i].typeString < ts[j].typeString
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) emitTypeDescInitializers() {
+  var maxSize, maxAlign int64
+  maxAlign = 1
+
+  for changed := true; changed; {
+    changed = false
+
+    var ts []typeAndInfo
+
+    tm.types.Iterate(func(key types.Type, value interface{}) {
+      tdi := value.(*typeDescInfo)
+      if tdi.global.Initializer().C == nil {
+        linkage, emit := tm.getTypeDescLinkage(key)
+        tdi.global.SetLinkage(linkage)
+        tdi.gc.SetLinkage(linkage)
+        if emit {
+          changed = true
+          ts = append(ts, typeAndInfo{key, key.String(), tdi})
+        }
+      }
+    })
+
+    if changed {
+      sort.Sort(byTypeName(ts))
+      for _, t := range ts {
+        tm.emitTypeDescInitializer(t.typ, t.tdi)
+        if size := tm.Sizeof(t.typ); size > maxSize {
+          maxSize = size
+        }
+        if align := tm.Alignof(t.typ); align > maxAlign {
+          maxAlign = align
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  tm.zeroType.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{llvm.ArrayType(tm.ctx.Int8Type(), int(maxSize))}, false)
+  tm.zeroValue.SetAlignment(int(maxAlign))
+}
+
+const (
+  // From libgo/runtime/mgc0.h
+  gcOpcodeEND = iota
+  gcOpcodePTR
+  gcOpcodeAPTR
+  gcOpcodeARRAY_START
+  gcOpcodeARRAY_NEXT
+  gcOpcodeCALL
+  gcOpcodeCHAN_PTR
+  gcOpcodeSTRING
+  gcOpcodeEFACE
+  gcOpcodeIFACE
+  gcOpcodeSLICE
+  gcOpcodeREGION
+
+  gcStackCapacity = 8
+)
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeGcInst(val int64) llvm.Value {
+  c := llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, uint64(val), false)
+  return llvm.ConstIntToPtr(c, llvm.PointerType(tm.ctx.Int8Type(), 0))
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) appendGcInsts(insts []llvm.Value, t types.Type, offset, stackSize int64) []llvm.Value {
+  switch u := t.Underlying().(type) {
+  case *types.Basic:
+    switch u.Kind() {
+    case types.String:
+      insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodeSTRING), tm.makeGcInst(offset))
+    case types.UnsafePointer:
+      insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodeAPTR), tm.makeGcInst(offset))
+    }
+  case *types.Pointer:
+    insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodePTR), tm.makeGcInst(offset),
+      tm.getGcPointer(u.Elem()))
+  case *types.Signature, *types.Map:
+    insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodeAPTR), tm.makeGcInst(offset))
+  case *types.Array:
+    if u.Len() == 0 {
+      return insts
+    } else if stackSize >= gcStackCapacity {
+      insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodeREGION), tm.makeGcInst(offset),
+        tm.makeGcInst(tm.Sizeof(t)), tm.getGcPointer(t))
+    } else {
+      insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodeARRAY_START), tm.makeGcInst(offset),
+        tm.makeGcInst(u.Len()), tm.makeGcInst(tm.Sizeof(u.Elem())))
+      insts = tm.appendGcInsts(insts, u.Elem(), 0, stackSize+1)
+      insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodeARRAY_NEXT))
+    }
+  case *types.Slice:
+    if tm.Sizeof(u.Elem()) == 0 {
+      insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodeAPTR), tm.makeGcInst(offset))
+    } else {
+      insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodeSLICE), tm.makeGcInst(offset),
+        tm.getGcPointer(u.Elem()))
+    }
+  case *types.Chan:
+    insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodeCHAN_PTR), tm.makeGcInst(offset),
+      tm.ToRuntime(t))
+  case *types.Struct:
+    fields := make([]*types.Var, u.NumFields())
+    for i := range fields {
+      fields[i] = u.Field(i)
+    }
+    offsets := tm.Offsetsof(fields)
+
+    for i, field := range fields {
+      insts = tm.appendGcInsts(insts, field.Type(), offset+offsets[i], stackSize)
+    }
+  case *types.Interface:
+    if u.NumMethods() == 0 {
+      insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodeEFACE), tm.makeGcInst(offset))
+    } else {
+      insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodeIFACE), tm.makeGcInst(offset))
+    }
+  default:
+    panic(fmt.Sprintf("unhandled type: %#v", t))
+  }
+
+  return insts
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) emitTypeDescInitializer(t types.Type, tdi *typeDescInfo) {
+  // initialize type descriptor
+  tdi.global.SetInitializer(tm.makeTypeDescInitializer(t))
+
+  // initialize GC program
+  insts := []llvm.Value{tm.makeGcInst(tm.Sizeof(t))}
+  insts = tm.appendGcInsts(insts, t, 0, 0)
+  insts = append(insts, tm.makeGcInst(gcOpcodeEND))
+
+  i8ptr := llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0)
+  instArray := llvm.ConstArray(i8ptr, insts)
+
+  newGc := llvm.AddGlobal(tm.module, instArray.Type(), "")
+  newGc.SetGlobalConstant(true)
+  newGc.SetInitializer(instArray)
+  gcName := tdi.gc.Name()
+  tdi.gc.SetName("")
+  newGc.SetName(gcName)
+  newGc.SetLinkage(tdi.gc.Linkage())
+
+  tdi.gc.ReplaceAllUsesWith(llvm.ConstBitCast(newGc, tdi.gc.Type()))
+  tdi.gc.EraseFromParentAsGlobal()
+  tdi.gc = llvm.Value{nil}
+  tdi.gcPtr = llvm.ConstBitCast(newGc, i8ptr)
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeTypeDescInitializer(t types.Type) llvm.Value {
+  switch u := t.Underlying().(type) {
+  case *types.Basic:
+    return tm.makeBasicType(t, u)
+  case *types.Pointer:
+    return tm.makePointerType(t, u)
+  case *types.Signature:
+    return tm.makeFuncType(t, u)
+  case *types.Array:
+    return tm.makeArrayType(t, u)
+  case *types.Slice:
+    return tm.makeSliceType(t, u)
+  case *types.Map:
+    return tm.makeMapType(t, u)
+  case *types.Chan:
+    return tm.makeChanType(t, u)
+  case *types.Struct:
+    return tm.makeStructType(t, u)
+  case *types.Interface:
+    return tm.makeInterfaceType(t, u)
+  default:
+    panic(fmt.Sprintf("unhandled type: %#v", t))
+  }
+}
+
+type algorithmFns struct {
+  hash, equal llvm.Value
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getStructAlgorithmFunctions(st *types.Struct) (hash, equal llvm.Value) {
+  if algs, ok := tm.algs.At(st).(algorithmFns); ok {
+    return algs.hash, algs.equal
+  }
+
+  hashes := make([]llvm.Value, st.NumFields())
+  equals := make([]llvm.Value, st.NumFields())
+
+  for i := range hashes {
+    fhash, fequal := tm.getAlgorithmFunctions(st.Field(i).Type())
+    if fhash == tm.hashFnError {
+      return fhash, fequal
+    }
+    hashes[i], equals[i] = fhash, fequal
+  }
+
+  i8ptr := llvm.PointerType(tm.ctx.Int8Type(), 0)
+  llsptrty := llvm.PointerType(tm.ToLLVM(st), 0)
+
+  builder := tm.ctx.NewBuilder()
+  defer builder.Dispose()
+
+  hash = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, tm.mc.mangleHashFunctionName(st), tm.hashFnType)
+  hash.SetLinkage(llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage)
+  builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(llvm.AddBasicBlock(hash, "entry"))
+  sptr := builder.CreateBitCast(hash.Param(0), llsptrty, "")
+
+  hashval := llvm.ConstNull(tm.inttype)
+  i33 := llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, 33, false)
+
+  for i, fhash := range hashes {
+    fptr := builder.CreateStructGEP(sptr, i, "")
+    fptr = builder.CreateBitCast(fptr, i8ptr, "")
+
+    fsize := llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, uint64(tm.sizes.Sizeof(st.Field(i).Type())), false)
+
+    hashcall := builder.CreateCall(fhash, []llvm.Value{fptr, fsize}, "")
+    hashval = builder.CreateMul(hashval, i33, "")
+    hashval = builder.CreateAdd(hashval, hashcall, "")
+  }
+
+  builder.CreateRet(hashval)
+
+  equal = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, tm.mc.mangleEqualFunctionName(st), tm.equalFnType)
+  equal.SetLinkage(llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage)
+  eqentrybb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(equal, "entry")
+  eqretzerobb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(equal, "retzero")
+
+  builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(eqentrybb)
+  s1ptr := builder.CreateBitCast(equal.Param(0), llsptrty, "")
+  s2ptr := builder.CreateBitCast(equal.Param(1), llsptrty, "")
+
+  zerobool := llvm.ConstNull(tm.ctx.Int8Type())
+  onebool := llvm.ConstInt(tm.ctx.Int8Type(), 1, false)
+
+  for i, fequal := range equals {
+    f1ptr := builder.CreateStructGEP(s1ptr, i, "")
+    f1ptr = builder.CreateBitCast(f1ptr, i8ptr, "")
+    f2ptr := builder.CreateStructGEP(s2ptr, i, "")
+    f2ptr = builder.CreateBitCast(f2ptr, i8ptr, "")
+
+    fsize := llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, uint64(tm.sizes.Sizeof(st.Field(i).Type())), false)
+
+    equalcall := builder.CreateCall(fequal, []llvm.Value{f1ptr, f2ptr, fsize}, "")
+    equaleqzero := builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntEQ, equalcall, zerobool, "")
+
+    contbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(equal, "cont")
+    builder.CreateCondBr(equaleqzero, eqretzerobb, contbb)
+
+    builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(contbb)
+  }
+
+  builder.CreateRet(onebool)
+
+  builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(eqretzerobb)
+  builder.CreateRet(zerobool)
+
+  tm.algs.Set(st, algorithmFns{hash, equal})
+  return
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getArrayAlgorithmFunctions(at *types.Array) (hash, equal llvm.Value) {
+  if algs, ok := tm.algs.At(at).(algorithmFns); ok {
+    return algs.hash, algs.equal
+  }
+
+  ehash, eequal := tm.getAlgorithmFunctions(at.Elem())
+  if ehash == tm.hashFnError {
+    return ehash, eequal
+  }
+
+  i8ptr := llvm.PointerType(tm.ctx.Int8Type(), 0)
+  llelemty := llvm.PointerType(tm.ToLLVM(at.Elem()), 0)
+
+  i1 := llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, 1, false)
+  alen := llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, uint64(at.Len()), false)
+  esize := llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, uint64(tm.sizes.Sizeof(at.Elem())), false)
+
+  builder := tm.ctx.NewBuilder()
+  defer builder.Dispose()
+
+  hash = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, tm.mc.mangleHashFunctionName(at), tm.hashFnType)
+  hash.SetLinkage(llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage)
+  hashentrybb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(hash, "entry")
+  builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(hashentrybb)
+  if at.Len() == 0 {
+    builder.CreateRet(llvm.ConstNull(tm.inttype))
+  } else {
+    i33 := llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, 33, false)
+
+    aptr := builder.CreateBitCast(hash.Param(0), llelemty, "")
+    loopbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(hash, "loop")
+    builder.CreateBr(loopbb)
+
+    exitbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(hash, "exit")
+
+    builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(loopbb)
+    indexphi := builder.CreatePHI(tm.inttype, "")
+    index := indexphi
+    hashvalphi := builder.CreatePHI(tm.inttype, "")
+    hashval := hashvalphi
+
+    eptr := builder.CreateGEP(aptr, []llvm.Value{index}, "")
+    eptr = builder.CreateBitCast(eptr, i8ptr, "")
+
+    hashcall := builder.CreateCall(ehash, []llvm.Value{eptr, esize}, "")
+    hashval = builder.CreateMul(hashval, i33, "")
+    hashval = builder.CreateAdd(hashval, hashcall, "")
+
+    index = builder.CreateAdd(index, i1, "")
+
+    indexphi.AddIncoming(
+      []llvm.Value{llvm.ConstNull(tm.inttype), index},
+      []llvm.BasicBlock{hashentrybb, loopbb},
+    )
+    hashvalphi.AddIncoming(
+      []llvm.Value{llvm.ConstNull(tm.inttype), hashval},
+      []llvm.BasicBlock{hashentrybb, loopbb},
+    )
+
+    exit := builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntEQ, index, alen, "")
+    builder.CreateCondBr(exit, exitbb, loopbb)
+
+    builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(exitbb)
+    builder.CreateRet(hashval)
+  }
+
+  zerobool := llvm.ConstNull(tm.ctx.Int8Type())
+  onebool := llvm.ConstInt(tm.ctx.Int8Type(), 1, false)
+
+  equal = llvm.AddFunction(tm.module, tm.mc.mangleEqualFunctionName(at), tm.equalFnType)
+  equal.SetLinkage(llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage)
+  eqentrybb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(equal, "entry")
+  builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(eqentrybb)
+  if at.Len() == 0 {
+    builder.CreateRet(onebool)
+  } else {
+    a1ptr := builder.CreateBitCast(equal.Param(0), llelemty, "")
+    a2ptr := builder.CreateBitCast(equal.Param(1), llelemty, "")
+    loopbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(equal, "loop")
+    builder.CreateBr(loopbb)
+
+    exitbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(equal, "exit")
+    retzerobb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(equal, "retzero")
+
+    builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(loopbb)
+    indexphi := builder.CreatePHI(tm.inttype, "")
+    index := indexphi
+
+    e1ptr := builder.CreateGEP(a1ptr, []llvm.Value{index}, "")
+    e1ptr = builder.CreateBitCast(e1ptr, i8ptr, "")
+    e2ptr := builder.CreateGEP(a2ptr, []llvm.Value{index}, "")
+    e2ptr = builder.CreateBitCast(e2ptr, i8ptr, "")
+
+    equalcall := builder.CreateCall(eequal, []llvm.Value{e1ptr, e2ptr, esize}, "")
+    equaleqzero := builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntEQ, equalcall, zerobool, "")
+
+    contbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(equal, "cont")
+    builder.CreateCondBr(equaleqzero, retzerobb, contbb)
+
+    builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(contbb)
+
+    index = builder.CreateAdd(index, i1, "")
+
+    indexphi.AddIncoming(
+      []llvm.Value{llvm.ConstNull(tm.inttype), index},
+      []llvm.BasicBlock{eqentrybb, contbb},
+    )
+
+    exit := builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntEQ, index, alen, "")
+    builder.CreateCondBr(exit, exitbb, loopbb)
+
+    builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(exitbb)
+    builder.CreateRet(onebool)
+
+    builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(retzerobb)
+    builder.CreateRet(zerobool)
+  }
+
+  tm.algs.Set(at, algorithmFns{hash, equal})
+  return
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getAlgorithmFunctions(t types.Type) (hash, equal llvm.Value) {
+  switch t := t.Underlying().(type) {
+  case *types.Interface:
+    if t.NumMethods() == 0 {
+      hash = tm.hashFnEmptyInterface
+      equal = tm.equalFnEmptyInterface
+    } else {
+      hash = tm.hashFnInterface
+      equal = tm.equalFnInterface
+    }
+  case *types.Basic:
+    switch t.Kind() {
+    case types.Float32, types.Float64:
+      hash = tm.hashFnFloat
+      equal = tm.equalFnFloat
+    case types.Complex64, types.Complex128:
+      hash = tm.hashFnComplex
+      equal = tm.equalFnComplex
+    case types.String:
+      hash = tm.hashFnString
+      equal = tm.equalFnString
+    default:
+      hash = tm.hashFnIdentity
+      equal = tm.equalFnIdentity
+    }
+  case *types.Signature, *types.Map, *types.Slice:
+    hash = tm.hashFnError
+    equal = tm.equalFnError
+  case *types.Struct:
+    hash, equal = tm.getStructAlgorithmFunctions(t)
+  case *types.Array:
+    hash, equal = tm.getArrayAlgorithmFunctions(t)
+  default:
+    hash = tm.hashFnIdentity
+    equal = tm.equalFnIdentity
+  }
+
+  return
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getTypeDescInfo(t types.Type) *typeDescInfo {
+  if tdi, ok := tm.types.At(t).(*typeDescInfo); ok {
+    return tdi
+  }
+
+  var b bytes.Buffer
+  tm.mc.mangleTypeDescriptorName(t, &b)
+
+  global := llvm.AddGlobal(tm.module, tm.getTypeDescType(t), b.String())
+  global.SetGlobalConstant(true)
+  ptr := llvm.ConstBitCast(global, llvm.PointerType(tm.commonTypeType, 0))
+
+  gc := llvm.AddGlobal(tm.module, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0), b.String()+"$gc")
+  gc.SetGlobalConstant(true)
+  gcPtr := llvm.ConstBitCast(gc, llvm.PointerType(tm.ctx.Int8Type(), 0))
+
+  var mapDescPtr llvm.Value
+  if m, ok := t.Underlying().(*types.Map); ok {
+    var mapb bytes.Buffer
+    tm.mc.mangleMapDescriptorName(t, &mapb)
+
+    mapDescPtr = llvm.AddGlobal(tm.module, tm.mapDescType, mapb.String())
+    mapDescPtr.SetGlobalConstant(true)
+    mapDescPtr.SetLinkage(llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage)
+    mapDescPtr.SetInitializer(tm.makeMapDesc(ptr, m))
+  }
+
+  tdi := &typeDescInfo{
+    global:        global,
+    commonTypePtr: ptr,
+    mapDescPtr:    mapDescPtr,
+    gc:            gc,
+    gcPtr:         gcPtr,
+  }
+  tm.types.Set(t, tdi)
+  return tdi
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getTypeDescriptorPointer(t types.Type) llvm.Value {
+  return tm.getTypeDescInfo(t).commonTypePtr
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getMapDescriptorPointer(t types.Type) llvm.Value {
+  return tm.getTypeDescInfo(t).mapDescPtr
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getGcPointer(t types.Type) llvm.Value {
+  return tm.getTypeDescInfo(t).gcPtr
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getItabPointer(srctype types.Type, targettype *types.Interface) llvm.Value {
+  if targettype.NumMethods() == 0 {
+    return tm.ToRuntime(srctype)
+  } else {
+    return tm.getImtPointer(srctype, targettype)
+  }
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) getImtPointer(srctype types.Type, targettype *types.Interface) llvm.Value {
+  tdi := tm.getTypeDescInfo(srctype)
+
+  if ptr, ok := tdi.interfaceMethodTables.At(targettype).(llvm.Value); ok {
+    return ptr
+  }
+
+  srcms := tm.MethodSet(srctype)
+  targetms := tm.MethodSet(targettype)
+
+  i8ptr := llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0)
+
+  elems := make([]llvm.Value, targetms.Len()+1)
+  elems[0] = tm.ToRuntime(srctype)
+  for i, targetm := range orderedMethodSet(targetms) {
+    srcm := srcms.Lookup(targetm.Obj().Pkg(), targetm.Obj().Name())
+
+    elems[i+1] = tm.methodResolver.ResolveMethod(srcm).value
+  }
+  imtinit := llvm.ConstArray(i8ptr, elems)
+
+  var b bytes.Buffer
+  tm.mc.mangleImtName(srctype, targettype, &b)
+  imt := llvm.AddGlobal(tm.module, imtinit.Type(), b.String())
+  imt.SetGlobalConstant(true)
+  imt.SetInitializer(imtinit)
+  imt.SetLinkage(llvm.LinkOnceODRLinkage)
+
+  imtptr := llvm.ConstBitCast(imt, i8ptr)
+  tdi.interfaceMethodTables.Set(targettype, imtptr)
+  return imtptr
+}
+
+const (
+  // From gofrontend/types.h
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindBOOL           = 1
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindINT            = 2
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindINT8           = 3
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindINT16          = 4
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindINT32          = 5
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindINT64          = 6
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUINT           = 7
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUINT8          = 8
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUINT16         = 9
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUINT32         = 10
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUINT64         = 11
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUINTPTR        = 12
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindFLOAT32        = 13
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindFLOAT64        = 14
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindCOMPLEX64      = 15
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindCOMPLEX128     = 16
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindARRAY          = 17
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindCHAN           = 18
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindFUNC           = 19
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindINTERFACE      = 20
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindMAP            = 21
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindPTR            = 22
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindSLICE          = 23
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindSTRING         = 24
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindSTRUCT         = 25
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUNSAFE_POINTER = 26
+  gccgoRuntimeTypeKindNO_POINTERS    = (1 << 7)
+)
+
+func hasPointers(t types.Type) bool {
+  switch t := t.(type) {
+  case *types.Basic:
+    return t.Kind() == types.String || t.Kind() == types.UnsafePointer
+
+  case *types.Signature, *types.Pointer, *types.Slice, *types.Map, *types.Chan, *types.Interface:
+    return true
+
+  case *types.Struct:
+    for i := 0; i != t.NumFields(); i++ {
+      if hasPointers(t.Field(i).Type()) {
+        return true
+      }
+    }
+    return false
+
+  case *types.Named:
+    return hasPointers(t.Underlying())
+
+  case *types.Array:
+    return hasPointers(t.Elem())
+
+  default:
+    panic("unrecognized type")
+  }
+}
+
+func runtimeTypeKind(t types.Type) (k uint8) {
+  switch t := t.(type) {
+  case *types.Basic:
+    switch t.Kind() {
+    case types.Bool:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindBOOL
+    case types.Int:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindINT
+    case types.Int8:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindINT8
+    case types.Int16:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindINT16
+    case types.Int32:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindINT32
+    case types.Int64:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindINT64
+    case types.Uint:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUINT
+    case types.Uint8:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUINT8
+    case types.Uint16:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUINT16
+    case types.Uint32:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUINT32
+    case types.Uint64:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUINT64
+    case types.Uintptr:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUINTPTR
+    case types.Float32:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindFLOAT32
+    case types.Float64:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindFLOAT64
+    case types.Complex64:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindCOMPLEX64
+    case types.Complex128:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindCOMPLEX128
+    case types.String:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindSTRING
+    case types.UnsafePointer:
+      k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindUNSAFE_POINTER
+    default:
+      panic("unrecognized builtin type")
+    }
+  case *types.Array:
+    k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindARRAY
+  case *types.Slice:
+    k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindSLICE
+  case *types.Struct:
+    k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindSTRUCT
+  case *types.Pointer:
+    k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindPTR
+  case *types.Signature:
+    k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindFUNC
+  case *types.Interface:
+    k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindINTERFACE
+  case *types.Map:
+    k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindMAP
+  case *types.Chan:
+    k = gccgoRuntimeTypeKindCHAN
+  case *types.Named:
+    return runtimeTypeKind(t.Underlying())
+  default:
+    panic("unrecognized type")
+  }
+
+  if !hasPointers(t) {
+    k |= gccgoRuntimeTypeKindNO_POINTERS
+  }
+
+  return
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeCommonType(t types.Type) llvm.Value {
+  var vals [12]llvm.Value
+  vals[0] = llvm.ConstInt(tm.ctx.Int8Type(), uint64(runtimeTypeKind(t)), false)
+  vals[1] = llvm.ConstInt(tm.ctx.Int8Type(), uint64(tm.Alignof(t)), false)
+  vals[2] = vals[1]
+  vals[3] = llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, uint64(tm.Sizeof(t)), false)
+  vals[4] = llvm.ConstInt(tm.ctx.Int32Type(), uint64(tm.getTypeHash(t)), false)
+  hash, equal := tm.getAlgorithmFunctions(t)
+  vals[5] = hash
+  vals[6] = equal
+  vals[7] = tm.getGcPointer(t)
+  var b bytes.Buffer
+  tm.writeType(t, &b)
+  vals[8] = tm.globalStringPtr(b.String())
+  vals[9] = tm.makeUncommonTypePtr(t)
+  if _, ok := t.(*types.Named); ok {
+    vals[10] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(types.NewPointer(t))
+  } else {
+    vals[10] = llvm.ConstPointerNull(llvm.PointerType(tm.commonTypeType, 0))
+  }
+  vals[11] = tm.zeroValue
+
+  return llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.commonTypeType, vals[:])
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeBasicType(t types.Type, u *types.Basic) llvm.Value {
+  return tm.makeCommonType(t)
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeArrayType(t types.Type, a *types.Array) llvm.Value {
+  var vals [4]llvm.Value
+  vals[0] = tm.makeCommonType(t)
+  vals[1] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(a.Elem())
+  vals[2] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(types.NewSlice(a.Elem()))
+  vals[3] = llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, uint64(a.Len()), false)
+
+  return llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.arrayTypeType, vals[:])
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeSliceType(t types.Type, s *types.Slice) llvm.Value {
+  var vals [2]llvm.Value
+  vals[0] = tm.makeCommonType(t)
+  vals[1] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(s.Elem())
+
+  return llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.sliceTypeType, vals[:])
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeStructType(t types.Type, s *types.Struct) llvm.Value {
+  var vals [2]llvm.Value
+  vals[0] = tm.makeCommonType(t)
+
+  fieldVars := make([]*types.Var, s.NumFields())
+  for i := range fieldVars {
+    fieldVars[i] = s.Field(i)
+  }
+  offsets := tm.Offsetsof(fieldVars)
+  structFields := make([]llvm.Value, len(fieldVars))
+  for i, field := range fieldVars {
+    var sfvals [5]llvm.Value
+    if !field.Anonymous() {
+      sfvals[0] = tm.globalStringPtr(field.Name())
+    } else {
+      sfvals[0] = llvm.ConstPointerNull(llvm.PointerType(tm.stringType, 0))
+    }
+    if !field.Exported() && field.Pkg() != nil {
+      sfvals[1] = tm.globalStringPtr(field.Pkg().Path())
+    } else {
+      sfvals[1] = llvm.ConstPointerNull(llvm.PointerType(tm.stringType, 0))
+    }
+    sfvals[2] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(field.Type())
+    if tag := s.Tag(i); tag != "" {
+      sfvals[3] = tm.globalStringPtr(tag)
+    } else {
+      sfvals[3] = llvm.ConstPointerNull(llvm.PointerType(tm.stringType, 0))
+    }
+    sfvals[4] = llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, uint64(offsets[i]), false)
+
+    structFields[i] = llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.structFieldType, sfvals[:])
+  }
+  vals[1] = tm.makeSlice(structFields, tm.structFieldSliceType)
+
+  return llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.structTypeType, vals[:])
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makePointerType(t types.Type, p *types.Pointer) llvm.Value {
+  var vals [2]llvm.Value
+  vals[0] = tm.makeCommonType(t)
+  vals[1] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(p.Elem())
+
+  return llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.ptrTypeType, vals[:])
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) rtypeSlice(t *types.Tuple) llvm.Value {
+  rtypes := make([]llvm.Value, t.Len())
+  for i := range rtypes {
+    rtypes[i] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(t.At(i).Type())
+  }
+  return tm.makeSlice(rtypes, tm.typeSliceType)
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeFuncType(t types.Type, f *types.Signature) llvm.Value {
+  var vals [4]llvm.Value
+  vals[0] = tm.makeCommonType(t)
+  // dotdotdot
+  variadic := 0
+  if f.Variadic() {
+    variadic = 1
+  }
+  vals[1] = llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int8Type(), uint64(variadic), false)
+  // in
+  vals[2] = tm.rtypeSlice(f.Params())
+  // out
+  vals[3] = tm.rtypeSlice(f.Results())
+
+  return llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.funcTypeType, vals[:])
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeInterfaceType(t types.Type, i *types.Interface) llvm.Value {
+  var vals [2]llvm.Value
+  vals[0] = tm.makeCommonType(t)
+
+  methodset := tm.MethodSet(i)
+  imethods := make([]llvm.Value, methodset.Len())
+  for index, ms := range orderedMethodSet(methodset) {
+    method := ms.Obj()
+    var imvals [3]llvm.Value
+    imvals[0] = tm.globalStringPtr(method.Name())
+    if !method.Exported() && method.Pkg() != nil {
+      imvals[1] = tm.globalStringPtr(method.Pkg().Path())
+    } else {
+      imvals[1] = llvm.ConstPointerNull(llvm.PointerType(tm.stringType, 0))
+    }
+    mtyp := method.Type().(*types.Signature)
+    mftyp := types.NewSignature(nil, nil, mtyp.Params(), mtyp.Results(), mtyp.Variadic())
+    imvals[2] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(mftyp)
+
+    imethods[index] = llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.imethodType, imvals[:])
+  }
+  vals[1] = tm.makeSlice(imethods, tm.imethodSliceType)
+
+  return llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.interfaceTypeType, vals[:])
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeMapType(t types.Type, m *types.Map) llvm.Value {
+  var vals [3]llvm.Value
+  vals[0] = tm.makeCommonType(t)
+  vals[1] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(m.Key())
+  vals[2] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(m.Elem())
+
+  return llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.mapTypeType, vals[:])
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeMapDesc(ptr llvm.Value, m *types.Map) llvm.Value {
+  mapEntryType := structBType{[]backendType{
+    tm.getBackendType(types.Typ[types.UnsafePointer]),
+    tm.getBackendType(m.Key()),
+    tm.getBackendType(m.Elem()),
+  }}.ToLLVM(tm.ctx)
+
+  var vals [4]llvm.Value
+  // map_descriptor
+  vals[0] = ptr
+  // entry_size
+  vals[1] = llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, tm.target.TypeAllocSize(mapEntryType), false)
+  // key_offset
+  vals[2] = llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, tm.target.ElementOffset(mapEntryType, 1), false)
+  // value_offset
+  vals[3] = llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, tm.target.ElementOffset(mapEntryType, 2), false)
+
+  return llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.mapDescType, vals[:])
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeChanType(t types.Type, c *types.Chan) llvm.Value {
+  var vals [3]llvm.Value
+  vals[0] = tm.makeCommonType(t)
+  vals[1] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(c.Elem())
+
+  // From gofrontend/go/types.cc
+  // These bits must match the ones in libgo/runtime/go-type.h.
+  var dir int
+  switch c.Dir() {
+  case types.RecvOnly:
+    dir = 1
+  case types.SendOnly:
+    dir = 2
+  case types.SendRecv:
+    dir = 3
+  }
+  vals[2] = llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, uint64(dir), false)
+
+  return llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.chanTypeType, vals[:])
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeUncommonTypePtr(t types.Type) llvm.Value {
+  _, isbasic := t.(*types.Basic)
+  _, isnamed := t.(*types.Named)
+
+  var mset types.MethodSet
+  // We store interface methods on the interface type.
+  if _, ok := t.Underlying().(*types.Interface); !ok {
+    mset = *tm.MethodSet(t)
+  }
+
+  if !isbasic && !isnamed && mset.Len() == 0 {
+    return llvm.ConstPointerNull(llvm.PointerType(tm.uncommonTypeType, 0))
+  }
+
+  var vals [3]llvm.Value
+
+  nullStringPtr := llvm.ConstPointerNull(llvm.PointerType(tm.stringType, 0))
+  vals[0] = nullStringPtr
+  vals[1] = nullStringPtr
+
+  if isbasic || isnamed {
+    nti := tm.mc.getNamedTypeInfo(t)
+    vals[0] = tm.globalStringPtr(nti.name)
+    if nti.pkgpath != "" {
+      path := nti.pkgpath
+      if nti.functionName != "" {
+        path += "." + nti.functionName
+        if nti.scopeNum != 0 {
+          path += "$" + strconv.Itoa(nti.scopeNum)
+        }
+      }
+      vals[1] = tm.globalStringPtr(path)
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Store methods. All methods must be stored, not only exported ones;
+  // this is to allow satisfying of interfaces with non-exported methods.
+  methods := make([]llvm.Value, mset.Len())
+  omset := orderedMethodSet(&mset)
+  for i := range methods {
+    var mvals [5]llvm.Value
+
+    sel := omset[i]
+    mname := sel.Obj().Name()
+    mfunc := tm.methodResolver.ResolveMethod(sel)
+    ftyp := mfunc.Type().(*types.Signature)
+
+    // name
+    mvals[0] = tm.globalStringPtr(mname)
+
+    // pkgPath
+    mvals[1] = nullStringPtr
+    if pkg := sel.Obj().Pkg(); pkg != nil && !sel.Obj().Exported() {
+      mvals[1] = tm.globalStringPtr(pkg.Path())
+    }
+
+    // mtyp (method type, no receiver)
+    mftyp := types.NewSignature(nil, nil, ftyp.Params(), ftyp.Results(), ftyp.Variadic())
+    mvals[2] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(mftyp)
+
+    // typ (function type, with receiver)
+    recvparam := types.NewParam(0, nil, "", t)
+    params := ftyp.Params()
+    rfparams := make([]*types.Var, params.Len()+1)
+    rfparams[0] = recvparam
+    for i := 0; i != ftyp.Params().Len(); i++ {
+      rfparams[i+1] = params.At(i)
+    }
+    rftyp := types.NewSignature(nil, nil, types.NewTuple(rfparams...), ftyp.Results(), ftyp.Variadic())
+    mvals[3] = tm.getTypeDescriptorPointer(rftyp)
+
+    // function
+    mvals[4] = mfunc.value
+
+    methods[i] = llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.methodType, mvals[:])
+  }
+
+  vals[2] = tm.makeSlice(methods, tm.methodSliceType)
+
+  uncommonType := llvm.ConstNamedStruct(tm.uncommonTypeType, vals[:])
+
+  uncommonTypePtr := llvm.AddGlobal(tm.module, tm.uncommonTypeType, "")
+  uncommonTypePtr.SetGlobalConstant(true)
+  uncommonTypePtr.SetInitializer(uncommonType)
+  uncommonTypePtr.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
+  return uncommonTypePtr
+}
+
+// globalStringPtr returns a *string with the specified value.
+func (tm *TypeMap) globalStringPtr(value string) llvm.Value {
+  strval := llvm.ConstString(value, false)
+  strglobal := llvm.AddGlobal(tm.module, strval.Type(), "")
+  strglobal.SetGlobalConstant(true)
+  strglobal.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
+  strglobal.SetInitializer(strval)
+  strglobal = llvm.ConstBitCast(strglobal, llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0))
+  strlen := llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, uint64(len(value)), false)
+  str := llvm.ConstStruct([]llvm.Value{strglobal, strlen}, false)
+  g := llvm.AddGlobal(tm.module, str.Type(), "")
+  g.SetGlobalConstant(true)
+  g.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
+  g.SetInitializer(str)
+  return g
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeNamedSliceType(tname string, elemtyp llvm.Type) llvm.Type {
+  t := tm.ctx.StructCreateNamed(tname)
+  t.StructSetBody([]llvm.Type{
+    llvm.PointerType(elemtyp, 0),
+    tm.inttype,
+    tm.inttype,
+  }, false)
+  return t
+}
+
+func (tm *TypeMap) makeSlice(values []llvm.Value, slicetyp llvm.Type) llvm.Value {
+  ptrtyp := slicetyp.StructElementTypes()[0]
+  var globalptr llvm.Value
+  if len(values) > 0 {
+    array := llvm.ConstArray(ptrtyp.ElementType(), values)
+    globalptr = llvm.AddGlobal(tm.module, array.Type(), "")
+    globalptr.SetGlobalConstant(true)
+    globalptr.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
+    globalptr.SetInitializer(array)
+    globalptr = llvm.ConstBitCast(globalptr, ptrtyp)
+  } else {
+    globalptr = llvm.ConstNull(ptrtyp)
+  }
+  len_ := llvm.ConstInt(tm.inttype, uint64(len(values)), false)
+  slice := llvm.ConstNull(slicetyp)
+  slice = llvm.ConstInsertValue(slice, globalptr, []uint32{0})
+  slice = llvm.ConstInsertValue(slice, len_, []uint32{1})
+  slice = llvm.ConstInsertValue(slice, len_, []uint32{2})
+  return slice
+}
+
+func isGlobalObject(obj types.Object) bool {
+  pkg := obj.Pkg()
+  return pkg == nil || obj.Parent() == pkg.Scope()
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/types.go

+//===- types.go - convenience functions for types -------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements convenience functions for dealing with types.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+)
+
+func deref(t types.Type) types.Type {
+  return t.Underlying().(*types.Pointer).Elem()
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/utils.go

+//===- utils.go - misc utils ----------------------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements misellaneous utilities for IR generation.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+func (fr *frame) loadOrNull(cond, ptr llvm.Value, ty types.Type) *govalue {
+  startbb := fr.builder.GetInsertBlock()
+  loadbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  contbb := llvm.AddBasicBlock(fr.function, "")
+  fr.builder.CreateCondBr(cond, loadbb, contbb)
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(loadbb)
+  llty := fr.types.ToLLVM(ty)
+  typedptr := fr.builder.CreateBitCast(ptr, llvm.PointerType(llty, 0), "")
+  loadedval := fr.builder.CreateLoad(typedptr, "")
+  fr.builder.CreateBr(contbb)
+
+  fr.builder.SetInsertPointAtEnd(contbb)
+  llv := fr.builder.CreatePHI(llty, "")
+  llv.AddIncoming(
+    []llvm.Value{llvm.ConstNull(llty), loadedval},
+    []llvm.BasicBlock{startbb, loadbb},
+  )
+  return newValue(llv, ty)
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/value.go

+//===- value.go - govalue and operations ----------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file defines the govalue type, which combines an LLVM value with its Go
+// type, and implements various basic operations on govalues.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+import (
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/exact"
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/types"
+  "fmt"
+  "go/token"
+  "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"
+)
+
+// govalue contains an LLVM value and a Go type,
+// representing the result of a Go expression.
+type govalue struct {
+  value llvm.Value
+  typ   types.Type
+}
+
+func (v *govalue) String() string {
+  return fmt.Sprintf("[llgo.govalue typ:%s value:%v]", v.typ, v.value)
+}
+
+// Create a new dynamic value from a (LLVM Value, Type) pair.
+func newValue(v llvm.Value, t types.Type) *govalue {
+  return &govalue{v, t}
+}
+
+// TODO(axw) remove this, use .typ directly
+func (v *govalue) Type() types.Type {
+  return v.typ
+}
+
+// newValueFromConst converts a constant value to an LLVM value.
+func (fr *frame) newValueFromConst(v exact.Value, typ types.Type) *govalue {
+  switch {
+  case v == nil:
+    llvmtyp := fr.types.ToLLVM(typ)
+    return newValue(llvm.ConstNull(llvmtyp), typ)
+
+  case isString(typ):
+    if isUntyped(typ) {
+      typ = types.Typ[types.String]
+    }
+    llvmtyp := fr.types.ToLLVM(typ)
+    strval := exact.StringVal(v)
+    strlen := len(strval)
+    i8ptr := llvm.PointerType(llvm.Int8Type(), 0)
+    var ptr llvm.Value
+    if strlen > 0 {
+      init := llvm.ConstString(strval, false)
+      ptr = llvm.AddGlobal(fr.module.Module, init.Type(), "")
+      ptr.SetInitializer(init)
+      ptr.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
+      ptr = llvm.ConstBitCast(ptr, i8ptr)
+    } else {
+      ptr = llvm.ConstNull(i8ptr)
+    }
+    len_ := llvm.ConstInt(fr.types.inttype, uint64(strlen), false)
+    llvmvalue := llvm.Undef(llvmtyp)
+    llvmvalue = llvm.ConstInsertValue(llvmvalue, ptr, []uint32{0})
+    llvmvalue = llvm.ConstInsertValue(llvmvalue, len_, []uint32{1})
+    return newValue(llvmvalue, typ)
+
+  case isInteger(typ):
+    if isUntyped(typ) {
+      typ = types.Typ[types.Int]
+    }
+    llvmtyp := fr.types.ToLLVM(typ)
+    var llvmvalue llvm.Value
+    if isUnsigned(typ) {
+      v, _ := exact.Uint64Val(v)
+      llvmvalue = llvm.ConstInt(llvmtyp, v, false)
+    } else {
+      v, _ := exact.Int64Val(v)
+      llvmvalue = llvm.ConstInt(llvmtyp, uint64(v), true)
+    }
+    return newValue(llvmvalue, typ)
+
+  case isBoolean(typ):
+    if isUntyped(typ) {
+      typ = types.Typ[types.Bool]
+    }
+    return newValue(boolLLVMValue(exact.BoolVal(v)), typ)
+
+  case isFloat(typ):
+    if isUntyped(typ) {
+      typ = types.Typ[types.Float64]
+    }
+    llvmtyp := fr.types.ToLLVM(typ)
+    floatval, _ := exact.Float64Val(v)
+    llvmvalue := llvm.ConstFloat(llvmtyp, floatval)
+    return newValue(llvmvalue, typ)
+
+  case typ == types.Typ[types.UnsafePointer]:
+    llvmtyp := fr.types.ToLLVM(typ)
+    v, _ := exact.Uint64Val(v)
+    llvmvalue := llvm.ConstInt(fr.types.inttype, v, false)
+    llvmvalue = llvm.ConstIntToPtr(llvmvalue, llvmtyp)
+    return newValue(llvmvalue, typ)
+
+  case isComplex(typ):
+    if isUntyped(typ) {
+      typ = types.Typ[types.Complex128]
+    }
+    llvmtyp := fr.types.ToLLVM(typ)
+    floattyp := llvmtyp.StructElementTypes()[0]
+    llvmvalue := llvm.ConstNull(llvmtyp)
+    realv := exact.Real(v)
+    imagv := exact.Imag(v)
+    realfloatval, _ := exact.Float64Val(realv)
+    imagfloatval, _ := exact.Float64Val(imagv)
+    llvmre := llvm.ConstFloat(floattyp, realfloatval)
+    llvmim := llvm.ConstFloat(floattyp, imagfloatval)
+    llvmvalue = llvm.ConstInsertValue(llvmvalue, llvmre, []uint32{0})
+    llvmvalue = llvm.ConstInsertValue(llvmvalue, llvmim, []uint32{1})
+    return newValue(llvmvalue, typ)
+  }
+
+  // Special case for string -> [](byte|rune)
+  if u, ok := typ.Underlying().(*types.Slice); ok && isInteger(u.Elem()) {
+    if v.Kind() == exact.String {
+      strval := fr.newValueFromConst(v, types.Typ[types.String])
+      return fr.convert(strval, typ)
+    }
+  }
+
+  panic(fmt.Sprintf("unhandled: t=%s(%T), v=%v(%T)", typ, typ, v, v))
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) binaryOp(lhs *govalue, op token.Token, rhs *govalue) *govalue {
+  if op == token.NEQ {
+    result := fr.binaryOp(lhs, token.EQL, rhs)
+    return fr.unaryOp(result, token.NOT)
+  }
+
+  var result llvm.Value
+  b := fr.builder
+
+  switch typ := lhs.typ.Underlying().(type) {
+  case *types.Struct:
+    // TODO(axw) use runtime equality algorithm (will be suitably inlined).
+    // For now, we use compare all fields unconditionally and bitwise AND
+    // to avoid branching (i.e. so we don't create additional blocks).
+    value := newValue(boolLLVMValue(true), types.Typ[types.Bool])
+    for i := 0; i < typ.NumFields(); i++ {
+      t := typ.Field(i).Type()
+      lhs := newValue(b.CreateExtractValue(lhs.value, i, ""), t)
+      rhs := newValue(b.CreateExtractValue(rhs.value, i, ""), t)
+      value = fr.binaryOp(value, token.AND, fr.binaryOp(lhs, token.EQL, rhs))
+    }
+    return value
+
+  case *types.Array:
+    // TODO(pcc): as above.
+    value := newValue(boolLLVMValue(true), types.Typ[types.Bool])
+    t := typ.Elem()
+    for i := int64(0); i < typ.Len(); i++ {
+      lhs := newValue(b.CreateExtractValue(lhs.value, int(i), ""), t)
+      rhs := newValue(b.CreateExtractValue(rhs.value, int(i), ""), t)
+      value = fr.binaryOp(value, token.AND, fr.binaryOp(lhs, token.EQL, rhs))
+    }
+    return value
+
+  case *types.Slice:
+    // []T == nil or nil == []T
+    lhsptr := b.CreateExtractValue(lhs.value, 0, "")
+    rhsptr := b.CreateExtractValue(rhs.value, 0, "")
+    isnil := b.CreateICmp(llvm.IntEQ, lhsptr, rhsptr, "")
+    isnil = b.CreateZExt(isnil, llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+    return newValue(isnil, types.Typ[types.Bool])
+
+  case *types.Signature:
+    // func == nil or nil == func
+    isnil := b.CreateICmp(llvm.IntEQ, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    isnil = b.CreateZExt(isnil, llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+    return newValue(isnil, types.Typ[types.Bool])
+
+  case *types.Interface:
+    return fr.compareInterfaces(lhs, rhs)
+  }
+
+  // Strings.
+  if isString(lhs.typ) {
+    if isString(rhs.typ) {
+      switch op {
+      case token.ADD:
+        return fr.concatenateStrings(lhs, rhs)
+      case token.EQL, token.LSS, token.GTR, token.LEQ, token.GEQ:
+        return fr.compareStrings(lhs, rhs, op)
+      default:
+        panic(fmt.Sprint("Unimplemented operator: ", op))
+      }
+    }
+    panic("unimplemented")
+  }
+
+  // Complex numbers.
+  if isComplex(lhs.typ) {
+    // XXX Should we represent complex numbers as vectors?
+    lhsval := lhs.value
+    rhsval := rhs.value
+    a_ := b.CreateExtractValue(lhsval, 0, "")
+    b_ := b.CreateExtractValue(lhsval, 1, "")
+    c_ := b.CreateExtractValue(rhsval, 0, "")
+    d_ := b.CreateExtractValue(rhsval, 1, "")
+    switch op {
+    case token.QUO:
+      // (a+bi)/(c+di) = (ac+bd)/(c**2+d**2) + (bc-ad)/(c**2+d**2)i
+      ac := b.CreateFMul(a_, c_, "")
+      bd := b.CreateFMul(b_, d_, "")
+      bc := b.CreateFMul(b_, c_, "")
+      ad := b.CreateFMul(a_, d_, "")
+      cpow2 := b.CreateFMul(c_, c_, "")
+      dpow2 := b.CreateFMul(d_, d_, "")
+      denom := b.CreateFAdd(cpow2, dpow2, "")
+      realnumer := b.CreateFAdd(ac, bd, "")
+      imagnumer := b.CreateFSub(bc, ad, "")
+      real_ := b.CreateFDiv(realnumer, denom, "")
+      imag_ := b.CreateFDiv(imagnumer, denom, "")
+      lhsval = b.CreateInsertValue(lhsval, real_, 0, "")
+      result = b.CreateInsertValue(lhsval, imag_, 1, "")
+    case token.MUL:
+      // (a+bi)(c+di) = (ac-bd)+(bc+ad)i
+      ac := b.CreateFMul(a_, c_, "")
+      bd := b.CreateFMul(b_, d_, "")
+      bc := b.CreateFMul(b_, c_, "")
+      ad := b.CreateFMul(a_, d_, "")
+      real_ := b.CreateFSub(ac, bd, "")
+      imag_ := b.CreateFAdd(bc, ad, "")
+      lhsval = b.CreateInsertValue(lhsval, real_, 0, "")
+      result = b.CreateInsertValue(lhsval, imag_, 1, "")
+    case token.ADD:
+      real_ := b.CreateFAdd(a_, c_, "")
+      imag_ := b.CreateFAdd(b_, d_, "")
+      lhsval = b.CreateInsertValue(lhsval, real_, 0, "")
+      result = b.CreateInsertValue(lhsval, imag_, 1, "")
+    case token.SUB:
+      real_ := b.CreateFSub(a_, c_, "")
+      imag_ := b.CreateFSub(b_, d_, "")
+      lhsval = b.CreateInsertValue(lhsval, real_, 0, "")
+      result = b.CreateInsertValue(lhsval, imag_, 1, "")
+    case token.EQL:
+      realeq := b.CreateFCmp(llvm.FloatOEQ, a_, c_, "")
+      imageq := b.CreateFCmp(llvm.FloatOEQ, b_, d_, "")
+      result = b.CreateAnd(realeq, imageq, "")
+      result = b.CreateZExt(result, llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+      return newValue(result, types.Typ[types.Bool])
+    default:
+      panic(fmt.Errorf("unhandled operator: %v", op))
+    }
+    return newValue(result, lhs.typ)
+  }
+
+  // Floats and integers.
+  // TODO determine the NaN rules.
+
+  switch op {
+  case token.MUL:
+    if isFloat(lhs.typ) {
+      result = b.CreateFMul(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    } else {
+      result = b.CreateMul(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    }
+    return newValue(result, lhs.typ)
+  case token.QUO:
+    switch {
+    case isFloat(lhs.typ):
+      result = b.CreateFDiv(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    case !isUnsigned(lhs.typ):
+      result = b.CreateSDiv(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    default:
+      result = b.CreateUDiv(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    }
+    return newValue(result, lhs.typ)
+  case token.REM:
+    switch {
+    case isFloat(lhs.typ):
+      result = b.CreateFRem(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    case !isUnsigned(lhs.typ):
+      result = b.CreateSRem(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    default:
+      result = b.CreateURem(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    }
+    return newValue(result, lhs.typ)
+  case token.ADD:
+    if isFloat(lhs.typ) {
+      result = b.CreateFAdd(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    } else {
+      result = b.CreateAdd(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    }
+    return newValue(result, lhs.typ)
+  case token.SUB:
+    if isFloat(lhs.typ) {
+      result = b.CreateFSub(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    } else {
+      result = b.CreateSub(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    }
+    return newValue(result, lhs.typ)
+  case token.SHL, token.SHR:
+    return fr.shift(lhs, rhs, op)
+  case token.EQL:
+    if isFloat(lhs.typ) {
+      result = b.CreateFCmp(llvm.FloatOEQ, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    } else {
+      result = b.CreateICmp(llvm.IntEQ, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    }
+    result = b.CreateZExt(result, llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+    return newValue(result, types.Typ[types.Bool])
+  case token.LSS:
+    switch {
+    case isFloat(lhs.typ):
+      result = b.CreateFCmp(llvm.FloatOLT, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    case !isUnsigned(lhs.typ):
+      result = b.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSLT, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    default:
+      result = b.CreateICmp(llvm.IntULT, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    }
+    result = b.CreateZExt(result, llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+    return newValue(result, types.Typ[types.Bool])
+  case token.LEQ:
+    switch {
+    case isFloat(lhs.typ):
+      result = b.CreateFCmp(llvm.FloatOLE, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    case !isUnsigned(lhs.typ):
+      result = b.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSLE, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    default:
+      result = b.CreateICmp(llvm.IntULE, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    }
+    result = b.CreateZExt(result, llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+    return newValue(result, types.Typ[types.Bool])
+  case token.GTR:
+    switch {
+    case isFloat(lhs.typ):
+      result = b.CreateFCmp(llvm.FloatOGT, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    case !isUnsigned(lhs.typ):
+      result = b.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSGT, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    default:
+      result = b.CreateICmp(llvm.IntUGT, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    }
+    result = b.CreateZExt(result, llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+    return newValue(result, types.Typ[types.Bool])
+  case token.GEQ:
+    switch {
+    case isFloat(lhs.typ):
+      result = b.CreateFCmp(llvm.FloatOGE, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    case !isUnsigned(lhs.typ):
+      result = b.CreateICmp(llvm.IntSGE, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    default:
+      result = b.CreateICmp(llvm.IntUGE, lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    }
+    result = b.CreateZExt(result, llvm.Int8Type(), "")
+    return newValue(result, types.Typ[types.Bool])
+  case token.AND: // a & b
+    result = b.CreateAnd(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    return newValue(result, lhs.typ)
+  case token.AND_NOT: // a &^ b
+    rhsval := rhs.value
+    rhsval = b.CreateXor(rhsval, llvm.ConstAllOnes(rhsval.Type()), "")
+    result = b.CreateAnd(lhs.value, rhsval, "")
+    return newValue(result, lhs.typ)
+  case token.OR: // a | b
+    result = b.CreateOr(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    return newValue(result, lhs.typ)
+  case token.XOR: // a ^ b
+    result = b.CreateXor(lhs.value, rhs.value, "")
+    return newValue(result, lhs.typ)
+  default:
+    panic(fmt.Sprint("Unimplemented operator: ", op))
+  }
+  panic("unreachable")
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) shift(lhs *govalue, rhs *govalue, op token.Token) *govalue {
+  rhs = fr.convert(rhs, lhs.Type())
+  lhsval := lhs.value
+  bits := rhs.value
+  unsigned := isUnsigned(lhs.Type())
+  // Shifting >= width of lhs yields undefined behaviour, so we must select.
+  max := llvm.ConstInt(bits.Type(), uint64(lhsval.Type().IntTypeWidth()-1), false)
+  var result llvm.Value
+  lessEqualWidth := fr.builder.CreateICmp(llvm.IntULE, bits, max, "")
+  if !unsigned && op == token.SHR {
+    bits := fr.builder.CreateSelect(lessEqualWidth, bits, max, "")
+    result = fr.builder.CreateAShr(lhsval, bits, "")
+  } else {
+    if op == token.SHL {
+      result = fr.builder.CreateShl(lhsval, bits, "")
+    } else {
+      result = fr.builder.CreateLShr(lhsval, bits, "")
+    }
+    zero := llvm.ConstNull(lhsval.Type())
+    result = fr.builder.CreateSelect(lessEqualWidth, result, zero, "")
+  }
+  return newValue(result, lhs.typ)
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) unaryOp(v *govalue, op token.Token) *govalue {
+  switch op {
+  case token.SUB:
+    var value llvm.Value
+    if isComplex(v.typ) {
+      realv := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(v.value, 0, "")
+      imagv := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(v.value, 1, "")
+      negzero := llvm.ConstFloatFromString(realv.Type(), "-0")
+      realv = fr.builder.CreateFSub(negzero, realv, "")
+      imagv = fr.builder.CreateFSub(negzero, imagv, "")
+      value = llvm.Undef(v.value.Type())
+      value = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(value, realv, 0, "")
+      value = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(value, imagv, 1, "")
+    } else if isFloat(v.typ) {
+      negzero := llvm.ConstFloatFromString(fr.types.ToLLVM(v.Type()), "-0")
+      value = fr.builder.CreateFSub(negzero, v.value, "")
+    } else {
+      value = fr.builder.CreateNeg(v.value, "")
+    }
+    return newValue(value, v.typ)
+  case token.ADD:
+    return v // No-op
+  case token.NOT:
+    value := fr.builder.CreateXor(v.value, boolLLVMValue(true), "")
+    return newValue(value, v.typ)
+  case token.XOR:
+    lhs := v.value
+    rhs := llvm.ConstAllOnes(lhs.Type())
+    value := fr.builder.CreateXor(lhs, rhs, "")
+    return newValue(value, v.typ)
+  default:
+    panic(fmt.Sprintf("Unhandled operator: %s", op))
+  }
+}
+
+func (fr *frame) convert(v *govalue, dsttyp types.Type) *govalue {
+  b := fr.builder
+
+  // If it's a stack allocated value, we'll want to compare the
+  // value type, not the pointer type.
+  srctyp := v.typ
+
+  // Get the underlying type, if any.
+  origdsttyp := dsttyp
+  dsttyp = dsttyp.Underlying()
+  srctyp = srctyp.Underlying()
+
+  // Identical (underlying) types? Just swap in the destination type.
+  if types.Identical(srctyp, dsttyp) {
+    return newValue(v.value, origdsttyp)
+  }
+
+  // Both pointer types with identical underlying types? Same as above.
+  if srctyp, ok := srctyp.(*types.Pointer); ok {
+    if dsttyp, ok := dsttyp.(*types.Pointer); ok {
+      srctyp := srctyp.Elem().Underlying()
+      dsttyp := dsttyp.Elem().Underlying()
+      if types.Identical(srctyp, dsttyp) {
+        return newValue(v.value, origdsttyp)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // string ->
+  if isString(srctyp) {
+    // (untyped) string -> string
+    // XXX should untyped strings be able to escape go/types?
+    if isString(dsttyp) {
+      return newValue(v.value, origdsttyp)
+    }
+
+    // string -> []byte
+    if isSlice(dsttyp, types.Byte) {
+      value := v.value
+      strdata := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, 0, "")
+      strlen := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, 1, "")
+
+      // Data must be copied, to prevent changes in
+      // the byte slice from mutating the string.
+      newdata := fr.createMalloc(strlen)
+      fr.memcpy(newdata, strdata, strlen)
+
+      struct_ := llvm.Undef(fr.types.ToLLVM(dsttyp))
+      struct_ = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(struct_, newdata, 0, "")
+      struct_ = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(struct_, strlen, 1, "")
+      struct_ = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(struct_, strlen, 2, "")
+      return newValue(struct_, origdsttyp)
+    }
+
+    // string -> []rune
+    if isSlice(dsttyp, types.Rune) {
+      return fr.stringToRuneSlice(v)
+    }
+  }
+
+  // []byte -> string
+  if isSlice(srctyp, types.Byte) && isString(dsttyp) {
+    value := v.value
+    data := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, 0, "")
+    len := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(value, 1, "")
+
+    // Data must be copied, to prevent changes in
+    // the byte slice from mutating the string.
+    newdata := fr.createMalloc(len)
+    fr.memcpy(newdata, data, len)
+
+    struct_ := llvm.Undef(fr.types.ToLLVM(types.Typ[types.String]))
+    struct_ = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(struct_, newdata, 0, "")
+    struct_ = fr.builder.CreateInsertValue(struct_, len, 1, "")
+    return newValue(struct_, types.Typ[types.String])
+  }
+
+  // []rune -> string
+  if isSlice(srctyp, types.Rune) && isString(dsttyp) {
+    return fr.runeSliceToString(v)
+  }
+
+  // rune -> string
+  if isString(dsttyp) && isInteger(srctyp) {
+    return fr.runeToString(v)
+  }
+
+  // Unsafe pointer conversions.
+  llvm_type := fr.types.ToLLVM(dsttyp)
+  if dsttyp == types.Typ[types.UnsafePointer] { // X -> unsafe.Pointer
+    if _, isptr := srctyp.(*types.Pointer); isptr {
+      return newValue(v.value, origdsttyp)
+    } else if srctyp == types.Typ[types.Uintptr] {
+      value := b.CreateIntToPtr(v.value, llvm_type, "")
+      return newValue(value, origdsttyp)
+    }
+  } else if srctyp == types.Typ[types.UnsafePointer] { // unsafe.Pointer -> X
+    if _, isptr := dsttyp.(*types.Pointer); isptr {
+      return newValue(v.value, origdsttyp)
+    } else if dsttyp == types.Typ[types.Uintptr] {
+      value := b.CreatePtrToInt(v.value, llvm_type, "")
+      return newValue(value, origdsttyp)
+    }
+  }
+
+  lv := v.value
+  srcType := lv.Type()
+  switch srcType.TypeKind() {
+  case llvm.IntegerTypeKind:
+    switch llvm_type.TypeKind() {
+    case llvm.IntegerTypeKind:
+      srcBits := srcType.IntTypeWidth()
+      dstBits := llvm_type.IntTypeWidth()
+      delta := srcBits - dstBits
+      switch {
+      case delta < 0:
+        if !isUnsigned(srctyp) {
+          lv = b.CreateSExt(lv, llvm_type, "")
+        } else {
+          lv = b.CreateZExt(lv, llvm_type, "")
+        }
+      case delta > 0:
+        lv = b.CreateTrunc(lv, llvm_type, "")
+      }
+      return newValue(lv, origdsttyp)
+    case llvm.FloatTypeKind, llvm.DoubleTypeKind:
+      if !isUnsigned(v.Type()) {
+        lv = b.CreateSIToFP(lv, llvm_type, "")
+      } else {
+        lv = b.CreateUIToFP(lv, llvm_type, "")
+      }
+      return newValue(lv, origdsttyp)
+    }
+  case llvm.DoubleTypeKind:
+    switch llvm_type.TypeKind() {
+    case llvm.FloatTypeKind:
+      lv = b.CreateFPTrunc(lv, llvm_type, "")
+      return newValue(lv, origdsttyp)
+    case llvm.IntegerTypeKind:
+      if !isUnsigned(dsttyp) {
+        lv = b.CreateFPToSI(lv, llvm_type, "")
+      } else {
+        lv = b.CreateFPToUI(lv, llvm_type, "")
+      }
+      return newValue(lv, origdsttyp)
+    }
+  case llvm.FloatTypeKind:
+    switch llvm_type.TypeKind() {
+    case llvm.DoubleTypeKind:
+      lv = b.CreateFPExt(lv, llvm_type, "")
+      return newValue(lv, origdsttyp)
+    case llvm.IntegerTypeKind:
+      if !isUnsigned(dsttyp) {
+        lv = b.CreateFPToSI(lv, llvm_type, "")
+      } else {
+        lv = b.CreateFPToUI(lv, llvm_type, "")
+      }
+      return newValue(lv, origdsttyp)
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Complex -> complex. Complexes are only convertible to other
+  // complexes, contant conversions aside. So we can just check the
+  // source type here; given that the types are not identical
+  // (checked above), we can assume the destination type is the alternate
+  // complex type.
+  if isComplex(srctyp) {
+    var fpcast func(llvm.Builder, llvm.Value, llvm.Type, string) llvm.Value
+    var fptype llvm.Type
+    if srctyp == types.Typ[types.Complex64] {
+      fpcast = (llvm.Builder).CreateFPExt
+      fptype = llvm.DoubleType()
+    } else {
+      fpcast = (llvm.Builder).CreateFPTrunc
+      fptype = llvm.FloatType()
+    }
+    if fpcast != nil {
+      realv := b.CreateExtractValue(lv, 0, "")
+      imagv := b.CreateExtractValue(lv, 1, "")
+      realv = fpcast(b, realv, fptype, "")
+      imagv = fpcast(b, imagv, fptype, "")
+      lv = llvm.Undef(fr.types.ToLLVM(dsttyp))
+      lv = b.CreateInsertValue(lv, realv, 0, "")
+      lv = b.CreateInsertValue(lv, imagv, 1, "")
+      return newValue(lv, origdsttyp)
+    }
+  }
+  panic(fmt.Sprintf("unimplemented conversion: %s (%s) -> %s", v.typ, lv.Type(), origdsttyp))
+}
+
+// extractRealValue extracts the real component of a complex number.
+func (fr *frame) extractRealValue(v *govalue) *govalue {
+  component := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(v.value, 0, "")
+  if component.Type().TypeKind() == llvm.FloatTypeKind {
+    return newValue(component, types.Typ[types.Float32])
+  }
+  return newValue(component, types.Typ[types.Float64])
+}
+
+// extractRealValue extracts the imaginary component of a complex number.
+func (fr *frame) extractImagValue(v *govalue) *govalue {
+  component := fr.builder.CreateExtractValue(v.value, 1, "")
+  if component.Type().TypeKind() == llvm.FloatTypeKind {
+    return newValue(component, types.Typ[types.Float32])
+  }
+  return newValue(component, types.Typ[types.Float64])
+}
+
+func boolLLVMValue(v bool) (lv llvm.Value) {
+  if v {
+    return llvm.ConstInt(llvm.Int8Type(), 1, false)
+  }
+  return llvm.ConstNull(llvm.Int8Type())
+}

tools/llgo/irgen/version.go

+//===- version.go - version info ------------------------------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file specifies the Go version supported by the IR generator.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+package irgen
+
+const (
+  goVersion = "go1.3"
+)
+
+// GoVersion returns the version of Go that we are targeting.
+func GoVersion() string {
+  return goVersion
+}

tools/llgo/libgo-noext.diff

+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/chan.goc
+--- a/libgo/runtime/chan.goc  Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/chan.goc  Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
+    mysg.releasetime = -1;
+  }
+ 
+- runtime_lock(c);
++ runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+  if(raceenabled)
+    runtime_racereadpc(c, pc, chansend);
+  if(c->closed)
+@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
+  if(sg != nil) {
+    if(raceenabled)
+      racesync(c, sg);
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+ 
+    gp = sg->g;
+    gp->param = sg;
+@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
+  }
+ 
+  if(!block) {
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+    return false;
+  }
+ 
+@@ -150,10 +150,10 @@
+  mysg.selectdone = nil;
+  g->param = nil;
+  enqueue(&c->sendq, &mysg);
+- runtime_parkunlock(c, "chan send");
++ runtime_parkunlock(&c->lock, "chan send");
+ 
+  if(g->param == nil) {
+-   runtime_lock(c);
++   runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+    if(!c->closed)
+      runtime_throw("chansend: spurious wakeup");
+    goto closed;
+@@ -170,16 +170,16 @@
+ 
+  if(c->qcount >= c->dataqsiz) {
+    if(!block) {
+-     runtime_unlock(c);
++     runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+      return false;
+    }
+    mysg.g = g;
+    mysg.elem = nil;
+    mysg.selectdone = nil;
+    enqueue(&c->sendq, &mysg);
+-   runtime_parkunlock(c, "chan send");
++   runtime_parkunlock(&c->lock, "chan send");
+ 
+-   runtime_lock(c);
++   runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+    goto asynch;
+  }
+ 
+@@ -196,18 +196,18 @@
+  sg = dequeue(&c->recvq);
+  if(sg != nil) {
+    gp = sg->g;
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+    if(sg->releasetime)
+      sg->releasetime = runtime_cputicks();
+    runtime_ready(gp);
+  } else
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+  if(mysg.releasetime > 0)
+    runtime_blockevent(mysg.releasetime - t0, 2);
+  return true;
+ 
+ closed:
+- runtime_unlock(c);
++ runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+  runtime_panicstring("send on closed channel");
+  return false;  // not reached
+ }
+@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@
+    mysg.releasetime = -1;
+  }
+ 
+- runtime_lock(c);
++ runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+  if(c->dataqsiz > 0)
+    goto asynch;
+ 
+@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
+  if(sg != nil) {
+    if(raceenabled)
+      racesync(c, sg);
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+ 
+    if(ep != nil)
+      runtime_memmove(ep, sg->elem, c->elemsize);
+@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@
+  }
+ 
+  if(!block) {
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+    return false;
+  }
+ 
+@@ -283,10 +283,10 @@
+  mysg.selectdone = nil;
+  g->param = nil;
+  enqueue(&c->recvq, &mysg);
+- runtime_parkunlock(c, "chan receive");
++ runtime_parkunlock(&c->lock, "chan receive");
+ 
+  if(g->param == nil) {
+-   runtime_lock(c);
++   runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+    if(!c->closed)
+      runtime_throw("chanrecv: spurious wakeup");
+    goto closed;
+@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@
+      goto closed;
+ 
+    if(!block) {
+-     runtime_unlock(c);
++     runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+      if(received != nil)
+        *received = false;
+      return false;
+@@ -313,9 +313,9 @@
+    mysg.elem = nil;
+    mysg.selectdone = nil;
+    enqueue(&c->recvq, &mysg);
+-   runtime_parkunlock(c, "chan receive");
++   runtime_parkunlock(&c->lock, "chan receive");
+ 
+-   runtime_lock(c);
++   runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+    goto asynch;
+  }
+ 
+@@ -334,12 +334,12 @@
+  sg = dequeue(&c->sendq);
+  if(sg != nil) {
+    gp = sg->g;
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+    if(sg->releasetime)
+      sg->releasetime = runtime_cputicks();
+    runtime_ready(gp);
+  } else
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+ 
+  if(received != nil)
+    *received = true;
+@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@
+    *received = false;
+  if(raceenabled)
+    runtime_raceacquire(c);
+- runtime_unlock(c);
++ runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+  if(mysg.releasetime > 0)
+    runtime_blockevent(mysg.releasetime - t0, 2);
+  return true;
+@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@
+    c0 = sel->lockorder[i];
+    if(c0 && c0 != c) {
+      c = sel->lockorder[i];
+-     runtime_lock(c);
++     runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+    }
+  }
+ }
+@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@
+    c = sel->lockorder[i];
+    if(i>0 && sel->lockorder[i-1] == c)
+      continue;  // will unlock it on the next iteration
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+  }
+ }
+ 
+@@ -1071,9 +1071,9 @@
+  if(runtime_gcwaiting())
+    runtime_gosched();
+ 
+- runtime_lock(c);
++ runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+  if(c->closed) {
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+    runtime_panicstring("close of closed channel");
+  }
+ 
+@@ -1108,7 +1108,7 @@
+    runtime_ready(gp);
+  }
+ 
+- runtime_unlock(c);
++ runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+ }
+ 
+ void
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/chan.h
+--- a/libgo/runtime/chan.h  Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/chan.h  Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
+  uintgo  recvx;      // receive index
+  WaitQ recvq;      // list of recv waiters
+  WaitQ sendq;      // list of send waiters
+- Lock;
++ Lock  lock;
+ };
+ 
+ // Buffer follows Hchan immediately in memory.
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/heapdump.c
+--- a/libgo/runtime/heapdump.c  Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/heapdump.c  Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@
+        if(sp->kind != KindSpecialFinalizer)
+          continue;
+        spf = (SpecialFinalizer*)sp;
+-       p = (byte*)((s->start << PageShift) + spf->offset);
++       p = (byte*)((s->start << PageShift) + spf->special.offset);
+        dumpfinalizer(p, spf->fn, spf->ft, spf->ot);
+      }
+    }
+@@ -566,7 +566,7 @@
+      if(sp->kind != KindSpecialProfile)
+        continue;
+      spp = (SpecialProfile*)sp;
+-     p = (byte*)((s->start << PageShift) + spp->offset);
++     p = (byte*)((s->start << PageShift) + spp->special.offset);
+      dumpint(TagAllocSample);
+      dumpint((uintptr)p);
+      dumpint((uintptr)spp->b);
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/malloc.goc
+--- a/libgo/runtime/malloc.goc  Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/malloc.goc  Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -440,9 +440,9 @@
+  m->mcache->local_nlookup++;
+  if (sizeof(void*) == 4 && m->mcache->local_nlookup >= (1<<30)) {
+    // purge cache stats to prevent overflow
+-   runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap);
++   runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+    runtime_purgecachedstats(m->mcache);
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+  }
+ 
+  s = runtime_MHeap_LookupMaybe(&runtime_mheap, v);
+@@ -743,7 +743,7 @@
+ 
+ static struct
+ {
+- Lock;
++ Lock  lock;
+  byte* pos;
+  byte* end;
+ } persistent;
+@@ -772,19 +772,19 @@
+    align = 8;
+  if(size >= PersistentAllocMaxBlock)
+    return runtime_SysAlloc(size, stat);
+- runtime_lock(&persistent);
++ runtime_lock(&persistent.lock);
+  persistent.pos = (byte*)ROUND((uintptr)persistent.pos, align);
+  if(persistent.pos + size > persistent.end) {
+    persistent.pos = runtime_SysAlloc(PersistentAllocChunk, &mstats.other_sys);
+    if(persistent.pos == nil) {
+-     runtime_unlock(&persistent);
++     runtime_unlock(&persistent.lock);
+      runtime_throw("runtime: cannot allocate memory");
+    }
+    persistent.end = persistent.pos + PersistentAllocChunk;
+  }
+  p = persistent.pos;
+  persistent.pos += size;
+- runtime_unlock(&persistent);
++ runtime_unlock(&persistent.lock);
+  if(stat != &mstats.other_sys) {
+    // reaccount the allocation against provided stat
+    runtime_xadd64(stat, size);
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/malloc.h
+--- a/libgo/runtime/malloc.h  Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/malloc.h  Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@
+ typedef struct SpecialFinalizer SpecialFinalizer;
+ struct SpecialFinalizer
+ {
+- Special;
++ Special   special;
+  FuncVal*  fn;
+  const FuncType* ft;
+  const PtrType*  ot;
+@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@
+ typedef struct SpecialProfile SpecialProfile;
+ struct SpecialProfile
+ {
+- Special;
++ Special special;
+  Bucket* b;
+ };
+ 
+@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@
+ // Central list of free objects of a given size.
+ struct MCentral
+ {
+- Lock;
++ Lock  lock;
+  int32 sizeclass;
+  MSpan nonempty; // list of spans with a free object
+  MSpan empty;  // list of spans with no free objects (or cached in an MCache)
+@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@
+ // but all the other global data is here too.
+ struct MHeap
+ {
+- Lock;
++ Lock lock;
+  MSpan free[MaxMHeapList]; // free lists of given length
+  MSpan freelarge;    // free lists length >= MaxMHeapList
+  MSpan busy[MaxMHeapList]; // busy lists of large objects of given length
+@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@
+  // spaced CacheLineSize bytes apart, so that each MCentral.Lock
+  // gets its own cache line.
+  struct {
+-   MCentral;
++   MCentral mcentral;
+    byte pad[64];
+  } central[NumSizeClasses];
+ 
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/mcache.c
+--- a/libgo/runtime/mcache.c  Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/mcache.c  Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@
+  MCache *c;
+  int32 i;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+  c = runtime_FixAlloc_Alloc(&runtime_mheap.cachealloc);
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+  runtime_memclr((byte*)c, sizeof(*c));
+  for(i = 0; i < NumSizeClasses; i++)
+    c->alloc[i] = &emptymspan;
+@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@
+ runtime_freemcache(MCache *c)
+ {
+  runtime_MCache_ReleaseAll(c);
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+  runtime_purgecachedstats(c);
+  runtime_FixAlloc_Free(&runtime_mheap.cachealloc, c);
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+ }
+ 
+ // Gets a span that has a free object in it and assigns it
+@@ -64,19 +64,19 @@
+  if(s->freelist != nil)
+    runtime_throw("refill on a nonempty span");
+  if(s != &emptymspan)
+-   runtime_MCentral_UncacheSpan(&runtime_mheap.central[sizeclass], s);
++   runtime_MCentral_UncacheSpan(&runtime_mheap.central[sizeclass].mcentral, s);
+ 
+  // Push any explicitly freed objects to the central lists.
+  // Not required, but it seems like a good time to do it.
+  l = &c->free[sizeclass];
+  if(l->nlist > 0) {
+-   runtime_MCentral_FreeList(&runtime_mheap.central[sizeclass], l->list);
++   runtime_MCentral_FreeList(&runtime_mheap.central[sizeclass].mcentral, l->list);
+    l->list = nil;
+    l->nlist = 0;
+  }
+ 
+  // Get a new cached span from the central lists.
+- s = runtime_MCentral_CacheSpan(&runtime_mheap.central[sizeclass]);
++ s = runtime_MCentral_CacheSpan(&runtime_mheap.central[sizeclass].mcentral);
+  if(s == nil)
+    runtime_throw("out of memory");
+  if(s->freelist == nil) {
+@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
+  // We transfer a span at a time from MCentral to MCache,
+  // so we'll do the same in the other direction.
+  if(l->nlist >= (runtime_class_to_allocnpages[sizeclass]<<PageShift)/size) {
+-   runtime_MCentral_FreeList(&runtime_mheap.central[sizeclass], l->list);
++   runtime_MCentral_FreeList(&runtime_mheap.central[sizeclass].mcentral, l->list);
+    l->list = nil;
+    l->nlist = 0;
+  }
+@@ -118,12 +118,12 @@
+  for(i=0; i<NumSizeClasses; i++) {
+    s = c->alloc[i];
+    if(s != &emptymspan) {
+-     runtime_MCentral_UncacheSpan(&runtime_mheap.central[i], s);
++     runtime_MCentral_UncacheSpan(&runtime_mheap.central[i].mcentral, s);
+      c->alloc[i] = &emptymspan;
+    }
+    l = &c->free[i];
+    if(l->nlist > 0) {
+-     runtime_MCentral_FreeList(&runtime_mheap.central[i], l->list);
++     runtime_MCentral_FreeList(&runtime_mheap.central[i].mcentral, l->list);
+      l->list = nil;
+      l->nlist = 0;
+    }
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/mcentral.c
+--- a/libgo/runtime/mcentral.c  Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/mcentral.c  Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -39,14 +39,14 @@
+  int32 cap, n;
+  uint32 sg;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(c);
++ runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+  sg = runtime_mheap.sweepgen;
+ retry:
+  for(s = c->nonempty.next; s != &c->nonempty; s = s->next) {
+    if(s->sweepgen == sg-2 && runtime_cas(&s->sweepgen, sg-2, sg-1)) {
+-     runtime_unlock(c);
++     runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+      runtime_MSpan_Sweep(s);
+-     runtime_lock(c);
++     runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+      // the span could have been moved to heap, retry
+      goto retry;
+    }
+@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@
+      runtime_MSpanList_Remove(s);
+      // swept spans are at the end of the list
+      runtime_MSpanList_InsertBack(&c->empty, s);
+-     runtime_unlock(c);
++     runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+      runtime_MSpan_Sweep(s);
+-     runtime_lock(c);
++     runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+      // the span could be moved to nonempty or heap, retry
+      goto retry;
+    }
+@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
+ 
+  // Replenish central list if empty.
+  if(!MCentral_Grow(c)) {
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+    return nil;
+  }
+  goto retry;
+@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
+  runtime_MSpanList_Remove(s);
+  runtime_MSpanList_InsertBack(&c->empty, s);
+  s->incache = true;
+- runtime_unlock(c);
++ runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+  return s;
+ }
+ 
+@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
+  MLink *v;
+  int32 cap, n;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(c);
++ runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+ 
+  s->incache = false;
+ 
+@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
+    runtime_MSpanList_Remove(s);
+    runtime_MSpanList_Insert(&c->nonempty, s);
+  }
+- runtime_unlock(c);
++ runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+ }
+ 
+ // Free the list of objects back into the central free list c.
+@@ -145,12 +145,12 @@
+ {
+  MLink *next;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(c);
++ runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+  for(; start != nil; start = next) {
+    next = start->next;
+    MCentral_Free(c, start);
+  }
+- runtime_unlock(c);
++ runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+ }
+ 
+ // Helper: free one object back into the central free list.
+@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
+  // If s is completely freed, return it to the heap.
+  if(s->ref == 0) {
+    MCentral_ReturnToHeap(c, s); // unlocks c
+-   runtime_lock(c);
++   runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+  }
+ }
+ 
+@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@
+ {
+  if(s->incache)
+    runtime_throw("freespan into cached span");
+- runtime_lock(c);
++ runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+ 
+  // Move to nonempty if necessary.
+  if(s->freelist == nil) {
+@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
+  runtime_atomicstore(&s->sweepgen, runtime_mheap.sweepgen);
+ 
+  if(s->ref != 0) {
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+    return false;
+  }
+ 
+@@ -260,12 +260,12 @@
+  byte *p;
+  MSpan *s;
+ 
+- runtime_unlock(c);
++ runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+  runtime_MGetSizeClassInfo(c->sizeclass, &size, &npages, &n);
+  s = runtime_MHeap_Alloc(&runtime_mheap, npages, c->sizeclass, 0, 1);
+  if(s == nil) {
+    // TODO(rsc): Log out of memory
+-   runtime_lock(c);
++   runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+    return false;
+  }
+ 
+@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@
+  *tailp = nil;
+  runtime_markspan((byte*)(s->start<<PageShift), size, n, size*n < (s->npages<<PageShift));
+ 
+- runtime_lock(c);
++ runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+  c->nfree += n;
+  runtime_MSpanList_Insert(&c->nonempty, s);
+  return true;
+@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@
+  if(s->ref != 0)
+    runtime_throw("ref wrong");
+  c->nfree -= (s->npages << PageShift) / size;
+- runtime_unlock(c);
++ runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+  runtime_unmarkspan((byte*)(s->start<<PageShift), s->npages<<PageShift);
+  runtime_MHeap_Free(&runtime_mheap, s, 0);
+ }
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/mgc0.c
+--- a/libgo/runtime/mgc0.c  Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/mgc0.c  Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@
+  Note  alldone;
+  ParFor  *markfor;
+ 
+- Lock;
++ Lock  lock;
+  byte  *chunk;
+  uintptr nchunk;
+ } work __attribute__((aligned(8)));
+@@ -1337,7 +1337,7 @@
+        // retain everything it points to.
+        spf = (SpecialFinalizer*)sp;
+        // A finalizer can be set for an inner byte of an object, find object beginning.
+-       p = (void*)((s->start << PageShift) + spf->offset/s->elemsize*s->elemsize);
++       p = (void*)((s->start << PageShift) + spf->special.offset/s->elemsize*s->elemsize);
+        enqueue1(&wbuf, (Obj){p, s->elemsize, 0});
+        enqueue1(&wbuf, (Obj){(void*)&spf->fn, PtrSize, 0});
+        enqueue1(&wbuf, (Obj){(void*)&spf->ft, PtrSize, 0});
+@@ -1378,7 +1378,7 @@
+  b = (Workbuf*)runtime_lfstackpop(&work.empty);
+  if(b == nil) {
+    // Need to allocate.
+-   runtime_lock(&work);
++   runtime_lock(&work.lock);
+    if(work.nchunk < sizeof *b) {
+      work.nchunk = 1<<20;
+      work.chunk = runtime_SysAlloc(work.nchunk, &mstats.gc_sys);
+@@ -1388,7 +1388,7 @@
+    b = (Workbuf*)work.chunk;
+    work.chunk += sizeof *b;
+    work.nchunk -= sizeof *b;
+-   runtime_unlock(&work);
++   runtime_unlock(&work.lock);
+  }
+  b->nobj = 0;
+  return b;
+@@ -1802,7 +1802,7 @@
+    c->local_nsmallfree[cl] += nfree;
+    c->local_cachealloc -= nfree * size;
+    runtime_xadd64(&mstats.next_gc, -(uint64)(nfree * size * (gcpercent + 100)/100));
+-   res = runtime_MCentral_FreeSpan(&runtime_mheap.central[cl], s, nfree, head.next, end);
++   res = runtime_MCentral_FreeSpan(&runtime_mheap.central[cl].mcentral, s, nfree, head.next, end);
+    //MCentral_FreeSpan updates sweepgen
+  }
+  return res;
+@@ -2147,10 +2147,10 @@
+    return;
+ 
+  if(gcpercent == GcpercentUnknown) { // first time through
+-   runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap);
++   runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+    if(gcpercent == GcpercentUnknown)
+      gcpercent = readgogc();
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+  }
+  if(gcpercent < 0)
+    return;
+@@ -2421,7 +2421,7 @@
+ 
+  // Pass back: pauses, last gc (absolute time), number of gc, total pause ns.
+  p = (uint64*)pauses->array;
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+  n = mstats.numgc;
+  if(n > nelem(mstats.pause_ns))
+    n = nelem(mstats.pause_ns);
+@@ -2436,7 +2436,7 @@
+  p[n] = mstats.last_gc;
+  p[n+1] = mstats.numgc;
+  p[n+2] = mstats.pause_total_ns; 
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+  pauses->__count = n+3;
+ }
+ 
+@@ -2444,14 +2444,14 @@
+ runtime_setgcpercent(int32 in) {
+  int32 out;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+  if(gcpercent == GcpercentUnknown)
+    gcpercent = readgogc();
+  out = gcpercent;
+  if(in < 0)
+    in = -1;
+  gcpercent = in;
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+  return out;
+ }
+ 
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/mheap.c
+--- a/libgo/runtime/mheap.c Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/mheap.c Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
+  runtime_MSpanList_Init(&h->freelarge);
+  runtime_MSpanList_Init(&h->busylarge);
+  for(i=0; i<nelem(h->central); i++)
+-   runtime_MCentral_Init(&h->central[i], i);
++   runtime_MCentral_Init(&h->central[i].mcentral, i);
+ }
+ 
+ void
+@@ -109,9 +109,9 @@
+      runtime_MSpanList_Remove(s);
+      // swept spans are at the end of the list
+      runtime_MSpanList_InsertBack(list, s);
+-     runtime_unlock(h);
++     runtime_unlock(&h->lock);
+      n += runtime_MSpan_Sweep(s);
+-     runtime_lock(h);
++     runtime_lock(&h->lock);
+      if(n >= npages)
+        return n;
+      // the span could have been moved elsewhere
+@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@
+  }
+ 
+  // Now sweep everything that is not yet swept.
+- runtime_unlock(h);
++ runtime_unlock(&h->lock);
+  for(;;) {
+    n = runtime_sweepone();
+    if(n == (uintptr)-1)  // all spans are swept
+@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@
+    if(reclaimed >= npage)
+      break;
+  }
+- runtime_lock(h);
++ runtime_lock(&h->lock);
+ }
+ 
+ // Allocate a new span of npage pages from the heap
+@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
+ {
+  MSpan *s;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(h);
++ runtime_lock(&h->lock);
+  mstats.heap_alloc += runtime_m()->mcache->local_cachealloc;
+  runtime_m()->mcache->local_cachealloc = 0;
+  s = MHeap_AllocLocked(h, npage, sizeclass);
+@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
+        runtime_MSpanList_InsertBack(&h->busylarge, s);
+    }
+  }
+- runtime_unlock(h);
++ runtime_unlock(&h->lock);
+  if(s != nil) {
+    if(needzero && s->needzero)
+      runtime_memclr((byte*)(s->start<<PageShift), s->npages<<PageShift);
+@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@
+ void
+ runtime_MHeap_Free(MHeap *h, MSpan *s, int32 acct)
+ {
+- runtime_lock(h);
++ runtime_lock(&h->lock);
+  mstats.heap_alloc += runtime_m()->mcache->local_cachealloc;
+  runtime_m()->mcache->local_cachealloc = 0;
+  mstats.heap_inuse -= s->npages<<PageShift;
+@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@
+    mstats.heap_objects--;
+  }
+  MHeap_FreeLocked(h, s);
+- runtime_unlock(h);
++ runtime_unlock(&h->lock);
+ }
+ 
+ static void
+@@ -548,10 +548,10 @@
+    runtime_noteclear(&note);
+    runtime_notetsleepg(&note, tick);
+ 
+-   runtime_lock(h);
++   runtime_lock(&h->lock);
+    unixnow = runtime_unixnanotime();
+    if(unixnow - mstats.last_gc > forcegc) {
+-     runtime_unlock(h);
++     runtime_unlock(&h->lock);
+      // The scavenger can not block other goroutines,
+      // otherwise deadlock detector can fire spuriously.
+      // GC blocks other goroutines via the runtime_worldsema.
+@@ -561,11 +561,11 @@
+      runtime_notetsleepg(&note, -1);
+      if(runtime_debug.gctrace > 0)
+        runtime_printf("scvg%d: GC forced\n", k);
+-     runtime_lock(h);
++     runtime_lock(&h->lock);
+    }
+    now = runtime_nanotime();
+    scavenge(k, now, limit);
+-   runtime_unlock(h);
++   runtime_unlock(&h->lock);
+  }
+ }
+ 
+@@ -575,9 +575,9 @@
+ runtime_debug_freeOSMemory(void)
+ {
+  runtime_gc(2);  // force GC and do eager sweep
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+  scavenge(-1, ~(uintptr)0, 0);
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap.lock);
+ }
+ 
+ // Initialize a new span with the given start and npages.
+@@ -752,11 +752,11 @@
+  runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap.speciallock);
+  s = runtime_FixAlloc_Alloc(&runtime_mheap.specialfinalizeralloc);
+  runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap.speciallock);
+- s->kind = KindSpecialFinalizer;
++ s->special.kind = KindSpecialFinalizer;
+  s->fn = f;
+  s->ft = ft;
+  s->ot = ot;
+- if(addspecial(p, s))
++ if(addspecial(p, &s->special))
+    return true;
+ 
+  // There was an old finalizer
+@@ -789,9 +789,9 @@
+  runtime_lock(&runtime_mheap.speciallock);
+  s = runtime_FixAlloc_Alloc(&runtime_mheap.specialprofilealloc);
+  runtime_unlock(&runtime_mheap.speciallock);
+- s->kind = KindSpecialProfile;
++ s->special.kind = KindSpecialProfile;
+  s->b = b;
+- if(!addspecial(p, s))
++ if(!addspecial(p, &s->special))
+    runtime_throw("setprofilebucket: profile already set");
+ }
+ 
+@@ -879,14 +879,14 @@
+  // remove the span from whatever list it is in now
+  if(s->sizeclass > 0) {
+    // must be in h->central[x].empty
+-   c = &h->central[s->sizeclass];
+-   runtime_lock(c);
++   c = &h->central[s->sizeclass].mcentral;
++   runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+    runtime_MSpanList_Remove(s);
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
+-   runtime_lock(h);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
++   runtime_lock(&h->lock);
+  } else {
+    // must be in h->busy/busylarge
+-   runtime_lock(h);
++   runtime_lock(&h->lock);
+    runtime_MSpanList_Remove(s);
+  }
+  // heap is locked now
+@@ -933,18 +933,18 @@
+ 
+  // place the span into a new list
+  if(s->sizeclass > 0) {
+-   runtime_unlock(h);
+-   c = &h->central[s->sizeclass];
+-   runtime_lock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&h->lock);
++   c = &h->central[s->sizeclass].mcentral;
++   runtime_lock(&c->lock);
+    // swept spans are at the end of the list
+    runtime_MSpanList_InsertBack(&c->empty, s);
+-   runtime_unlock(c);
++   runtime_unlock(&c->lock);
+  } else {
+    // Swept spans are at the end of lists.
+    if(s->npages < nelem(h->free))
+      runtime_MSpanList_InsertBack(&h->busy[s->npages], s);
+    else
+      runtime_MSpanList_InsertBack(&h->busylarge, s);
+-   runtime_unlock(h);
++   runtime_unlock(&h->lock);
+  }
+ }
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/netpoll.goc
+--- a/libgo/runtime/netpoll.goc Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/netpoll.goc Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
+  // pollReset, pollWait, pollWaitCanceled and runtime_netpollready (IO rediness notification)
+  // proceed w/o taking the lock. So closing, rg, rd, wg and wd are manipulated
+  // in a lock-free way by all operations.
+- Lock;   // protectes the following fields
++ Lock  lock; // protectes the following fields
+  uintptr fd;
+  bool  closing;
+  uintptr seq;  // protects from stale timers and ready notifications
+@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
+ 
+ static struct
+ {
+- Lock;
++ Lock    lock;
+  PollDesc* first;
+  // PollDesc objects must be type-stable,
+  // because we can get ready notification from epoll/kqueue
+@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
+ 
+ func runtime_pollOpen(fd uintptr) (pd *PollDesc, errno int) {
+  pd = allocPollDesc();
+- runtime_lock(pd);
++ runtime_lock(&pd->lock);
+  if(pd->wg != nil && pd->wg != READY)
+    runtime_throw("runtime_pollOpen: blocked write on free descriptor");
+  if(pd->rg != nil && pd->rg != READY)
+@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
+  pd->rd = 0;
+  pd->wg = nil;
+  pd->wd = 0;
+- runtime_unlock(pd);
++ runtime_unlock(&pd->lock);
+ 
+  errno = runtime_netpollopen(fd, pd);
+ }
+@@ -125,10 +125,10 @@
+  if(pd->rg != nil && pd->rg != READY)
+    runtime_throw("runtime_pollClose: blocked read on closing descriptor");
+  runtime_netpollclose(pd->fd);
+- runtime_lock(&pollcache);
++ runtime_lock(&pollcache.lock);
+  pd->link = pollcache.first;
+  pollcache.first = pd;
+- runtime_unlock(&pollcache);
++ runtime_unlock(&pollcache.lock);
+ }
+ 
+ func runtime_pollReset(pd *PollDesc, mode int) (err int) {
+@@ -169,9 +169,9 @@
+ func runtime_pollSetDeadline(pd *PollDesc, d int64, mode int) {
+  G *rg, *wg;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(pd);
++ runtime_lock(&pd->lock);
+  if(pd->closing) {
+-   runtime_unlock(pd);
++   runtime_unlock(&pd->lock);
+    return;
+  }
+  pd->seq++;  // invalidate current timers
+@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@
+    rg = netpollunblock(pd, 'r', false);
+  if(pd->wd < 0)
+    wg = netpollunblock(pd, 'w', false);
+- runtime_unlock(pd);
++ runtime_unlock(&pd->lock);
+  if(rg)
+    runtime_ready(rg);
+  if(wg)
+@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@
+ func runtime_pollUnblock(pd *PollDesc) {
+  G *rg, *wg;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(pd);
++ runtime_lock(&pd->lock);
+  if(pd->closing)
+    runtime_throw("runtime_pollUnblock: already closing");
+  pd->closing = true;
+@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@
+    runtime_deltimer(&pd->wt);
+    pd->wt.fv = nil;
+  }
+- runtime_unlock(pd);
++ runtime_unlock(&pd->lock);
+  if(rg)
+    runtime_ready(rg);
+  if(wg)
+@@ -277,13 +277,13 @@
+ void
+ runtime_netpolllock(PollDesc *pd)
+ {
+- runtime_lock(pd);
++ runtime_lock(&pd->lock);
+ }
+ 
+ void
+ runtime_netpollunlock(PollDesc *pd)
+ {
+- runtime_unlock(pd);
++ runtime_unlock(&pd->lock);
+ }
+ 
+ // make pd ready, newly runnable goroutines (if any) are enqueued info gpp list
+@@ -401,10 +401,10 @@
+  // If it's stale, ignore the timer event.
+  seq = (uintptr)arg.type;
+  rg = wg = nil;
+- runtime_lock(pd);
++ runtime_lock(&pd->lock);
+  if(seq != pd->seq) {
+    // The descriptor was reused or timers were reset.
+-   runtime_unlock(pd);
++   runtime_unlock(&pd->lock);
+    return;
+  }
+  if(read) {
+@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@
+    runtime_atomicstorep(&pd->wt.fv, nil);  // full memory barrier between store to wd and load of wg in netpollunblock
+    wg = netpollunblock(pd, 'w', false);
+  }
+- runtime_unlock(pd);
++ runtime_unlock(&pd->lock);
+  if(rg)
+    runtime_ready(rg);
+  if(wg)
+@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@
+  PollDesc *pd;
+  uint32 i, n;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&pollcache);
++ runtime_lock(&pollcache.lock);
+  if(pollcache.first == nil) {
+    n = PollBlockSize/sizeof(*pd);
+    if(n == 0)
+@@ -467,6 +467,6 @@
+  }
+  pd = pollcache.first;
+  pollcache.first = pd->link;
+- runtime_unlock(&pollcache);
++ runtime_unlock(&pollcache.lock);
+  return pd;
+ }
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/proc.c
+--- a/libgo/runtime/proc.c  Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/proc.c  Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@
+ 
+ typedef struct Sched Sched;
+ struct Sched {
+- Lock;
++ Lock  lock;
+ 
+  uint64  goidgen;
+  M*  midle;   // idle m's waiting for work
+@@ -770,7 +770,7 @@
+ 
+  mp->fastrand = 0x49f6428aUL + mp->id + runtime_cputicks();
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  mp->id = runtime_sched.mcount++;
+  checkmcount();
+  runtime_mpreinit(mp);
+@@ -781,7 +781,7 @@
+  // runtime_NumCgoCall() iterates over allm w/o schedlock,
+  // so we need to publish it safely.
+  runtime_atomicstorep(&runtime_allm, mp);
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+ }
+ 
+ // Mark gp ready to run.
+@@ -808,7 +808,7 @@
+ 
+  // Figure out how many CPUs to use during GC.
+  // Limited by gomaxprocs, number of actual CPUs, and MaxGcproc.
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  n = runtime_gomaxprocs;
+  if(n > runtime_ncpu)
+    n = runtime_ncpu > 0 ? runtime_ncpu : 1;
+@@ -816,7 +816,7 @@
+    n = MaxGcproc;
+  if(n > runtime_sched.nmidle+1) // one M is currently running
+    n = runtime_sched.nmidle+1;
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  return n;
+ }
+ 
+@@ -825,14 +825,14 @@
+ {
+  int32 n;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  n = runtime_gomaxprocs;
+  if(n > runtime_ncpu)
+    n = runtime_ncpu;
+  if(n > MaxGcproc)
+    n = MaxGcproc;
+  n -= runtime_sched.nmidle+1; // one M is currently running
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  return n > 0;
+ }
+ 
+@@ -842,7 +842,7 @@
+  M *mp;
+  int32 n, pos;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  pos = 0;
+  for(n = 1; n < nproc; n++) {  // one M is currently running
+    if(runtime_allp[pos]->mcache == m->mcache)
+@@ -855,7 +855,7 @@
+    pos++;
+    runtime_notewakeup(&mp->park);
+  }
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+ }
+ 
+ // Similar to stoptheworld but best-effort and can be called several times.
+@@ -894,7 +894,7 @@
+  P *p;
+  bool wait;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  runtime_sched.stopwait = runtime_gomaxprocs;
+  runtime_atomicstore((uint32*)&runtime_sched.gcwaiting, 1);
+  preemptall();
+@@ -914,7 +914,7 @@
+    runtime_sched.stopwait--;
+  }
+  wait = runtime_sched.stopwait > 0;
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+ 
+  // wait for remaining P's to stop voluntarily
+  if(wait) {
+@@ -948,7 +948,7 @@
+  gp = runtime_netpoll(false);  // non-blocking
+  injectglist(gp);
+  add = needaddgcproc();
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  if(newprocs) {
+    procresize(newprocs);
+    newprocs = 0;
+@@ -972,7 +972,7 @@
+    runtime_sched.sysmonwait = false;
+    runtime_notewakeup(&runtime_sched.sysmonnote);
+  }
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+ 
+  while(p1) {
+    p = p1;
+@@ -1404,9 +1404,9 @@
+  }
+ 
+ retry:
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  mput(m);
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  runtime_notesleep(&m->park);
+  runtime_noteclear(&m->park);
+  if(m->helpgc) {
+@@ -1433,18 +1433,18 @@
+  M *mp;
+  void (*fn)(void);
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  if(p == nil) {
+    p = pidleget();
+    if(p == nil) {
+-     runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++     runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+      if(spinning)
+        runtime_xadd(&runtime_sched.nmspinning, -1);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  mp = mget();
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  if(mp == nil) {
+    fn = nil;
+    if(spinning)
+@@ -1477,28 +1477,28 @@
+    startm(p, true);
+    return;
+  }
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  if(runtime_sched.gcwaiting) {
+    p->status = Pgcstop;
+    if(--runtime_sched.stopwait == 0)
+      runtime_notewakeup(&runtime_sched.stopnote);
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    return;
+  }
+  if(runtime_sched.runqsize) {
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    startm(p, false);
+    return;
+  }
+  // If this is the last running P and nobody is polling network,
+  // need to wakeup another M to poll network.
+  if(runtime_sched.npidle == (uint32)runtime_gomaxprocs-1 && runtime_atomicload64(&runtime_sched.lastpoll) != 0) {
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    startm(p, false);
+    return;
+  }
+  pidleput(p);
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+ }
+ 
+ // Tries to add one more P to execute G's.
+@@ -1570,11 +1570,11 @@
+    runtime_xadd(&runtime_sched.nmspinning, -1);
+  }
+  p = releasep();
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  p->status = Pgcstop;
+  if(--runtime_sched.stopwait == 0)
+    runtime_notewakeup(&runtime_sched.stopnote);
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  stopm();
+ }
+ 
+@@ -1625,9 +1625,9 @@
+    return gp;
+  // global runq
+  if(runtime_sched.runqsize) {
+-   runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    gp = globrunqget(m->p, 0);
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    if(gp)
+      return gp;
+  }
+@@ -1661,19 +1661,19 @@
+  }
+ stop:
+  // return P and block
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  if(runtime_sched.gcwaiting) {
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    goto top;
+  }
+  if(runtime_sched.runqsize) {
+    gp = globrunqget(m->p, 0);
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    return gp;
+  }
+  p = releasep();
+  pidleput(p);
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  if(m->spinning) {
+    m->spinning = false;
+    runtime_xadd(&runtime_sched.nmspinning, -1);
+@@ -1682,9 +1682,9 @@
+  for(i = 0; i < runtime_gomaxprocs; i++) {
+    p = runtime_allp[i];
+    if(p && p->runqhead != p->runqtail) {
+-     runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++     runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+      p = pidleget();
+-     runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++     runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+      if(p) {
+        acquirep(p);
+        goto top;
+@@ -1701,9 +1701,9 @@
+    gp = runtime_netpoll(true);  // block until new work is available
+    runtime_atomicstore64(&runtime_sched.lastpoll, runtime_nanotime());
+    if(gp) {
+-     runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++     runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+      p = pidleget();
+-     runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++     runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+      if(p) {
+        acquirep(p);
+        injectglist(gp->schedlink);
+@@ -1746,14 +1746,14 @@
+ 
+  if(glist == nil)
+    return;
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  for(n = 0; glist; n++) {
+    gp = glist;
+    glist = gp->schedlink;
+    gp->status = Grunnable;
+    globrunqput(gp);
+  }
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+ 
+  for(; n && runtime_sched.npidle; n--)
+    startm(nil, false);
+@@ -1784,9 +1784,9 @@
+  // This is a fancy way to say tick%61==0,
+  // it uses 2 MUL instructions instead of a single DIV and so is faster on modern processors.
+  if(tick - (((uint64)tick*0x4325c53fu)>>36)*61 == 0 && runtime_sched.runqsize > 0) {
+-   runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    gp = globrunqget(m->p, 1);
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    if(gp)
+      resetspinning();
+  }
+@@ -1880,9 +1880,9 @@
+  gp->status = Grunnable;
+  gp->m = nil;
+  m->curg = nil;
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  globrunqput(gp);
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  if(m->lockedg) {
+    stoplockedm();
+    execute(gp);  // Never returns.
+@@ -1985,24 +1985,24 @@
+  g->status = Gsyscall;
+ 
+  if(runtime_atomicload(&runtime_sched.sysmonwait)) {  // TODO: fast atomic
+-   runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    if(runtime_atomicload(&runtime_sched.sysmonwait)) {
+      runtime_atomicstore(&runtime_sched.sysmonwait, 0);
+      runtime_notewakeup(&runtime_sched.sysmonnote);
+    }
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  }
+ 
+  m->mcache = nil;
+  m->p->m = nil;
+  runtime_atomicstore(&m->p->status, Psyscall);
+  if(runtime_sched.gcwaiting) {
+-   runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    if (runtime_sched.stopwait > 0 && runtime_cas(&m->p->status, Psyscall, Pgcstop)) {
+      if(--runtime_sched.stopwait == 0)
+        runtime_notewakeup(&runtime_sched.stopnote);
+    }
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  }
+ 
+  m->locks--;
+@@ -2113,13 +2113,13 @@
+  // Try to get any other idle P.
+  m->p = nil;
+  if(runtime_sched.pidle) {
+-   runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    p = pidleget();
+    if(p && runtime_atomicload(&runtime_sched.sysmonwait)) {
+      runtime_atomicstore(&runtime_sched.sysmonwait, 0);
+      runtime_notewakeup(&runtime_sched.sysmonnote);
+    }
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    if(p) {
+      acquirep(p);
+      return true;
+@@ -2138,7 +2138,7 @@
+  gp->status = Grunnable;
+  gp->m = nil;
+  m->curg = nil;
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  p = pidleget();
+  if(p == nil)
+    globrunqput(gp);
+@@ -2146,7 +2146,7 @@
+    runtime_atomicstore(&runtime_sched.sysmonwait, 0);
+    runtime_notewakeup(&runtime_sched.sysmonnote);
+  }
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  if(p) {
+    acquirep(p);
+    execute(gp);  // Never returns.
+@@ -2425,13 +2425,13 @@
+ 
+  if(n > MaxGomaxprocs)
+    n = MaxGomaxprocs;
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  ret = runtime_gomaxprocs;
+  if(n <= 0 || n == ret) {
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    return ret;
+  }
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+ 
+  runtime_semacquire(&runtime_worldsema, false);
+  m->gcing = 1;
+@@ -2536,7 +2536,7 @@
+ }
+ 
+ static struct {
+- Lock;
++ Lock lock;
+  void (*fn)(uintptr*, int32);
+  int32 hz;
+  uintptr pcbuf[TracebackMaxFrames];
+@@ -2568,9 +2568,9 @@
+  if(mp->mcache == nil)
+    traceback = false;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&prof);
++ runtime_lock(&prof.lock);
+  if(prof.fn == nil) {
+-   runtime_unlock(&prof);
++   runtime_unlock(&prof.lock);
+    mp->mallocing--;
+    return;
+  }
+@@ -2598,7 +2598,7 @@
+      prof.pcbuf[1] = (uintptr)System;
+  }
+  prof.fn(prof.pcbuf, n);
+- runtime_unlock(&prof);
++ runtime_unlock(&prof.lock);
+  mp->mallocing--;
+ }
+ 
+@@ -2623,13 +2623,13 @@
+  // it would deadlock.
+  runtime_resetcpuprofiler(0);
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&prof);
++ runtime_lock(&prof.lock);
+  prof.fn = fn;
+  prof.hz = hz;
+- runtime_unlock(&prof);
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&prof.lock);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  runtime_sched.profilehz = hz;
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+ 
+  if(hz != 0)
+    runtime_resetcpuprofiler(hz);
+@@ -2767,11 +2767,11 @@
+ static void
+ incidlelocked(int32 v)
+ {
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  runtime_sched.nmidlelocked += v;
+  if(v > 0)
+    checkdead();
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+ }
+ 
+ // Check for deadlock situation.
+@@ -2840,16 +2840,16 @@
+    runtime_usleep(delay);
+    if(runtime_debug.schedtrace <= 0 &&
+      (runtime_sched.gcwaiting || runtime_atomicload(&runtime_sched.npidle) == (uint32)runtime_gomaxprocs)) {  // TODO: fast atomic
+-     runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++     runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+      if(runtime_atomicload(&runtime_sched.gcwaiting) || runtime_atomicload(&runtime_sched.npidle) == (uint32)runtime_gomaxprocs) {
+        runtime_atomicstore(&runtime_sched.sysmonwait, 1);
+-       runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++       runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+        runtime_notesleep(&runtime_sched.sysmonnote);
+        runtime_noteclear(&runtime_sched.sysmonnote);
+        idle = 0;
+        delay = 20;
+      } else
+-       runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++       runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    }
+    // poll network if not polled for more than 10ms
+    lastpoll = runtime_atomicload64(&runtime_sched.lastpoll);
+@@ -2978,7 +2978,7 @@
+  if(starttime == 0)
+    starttime = now;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  runtime_printf("SCHED %Dms: gomaxprocs=%d idleprocs=%d threads=%d idlethreads=%d runqueue=%d",
+    (now-starttime)/1000000, runtime_gomaxprocs, runtime_sched.npidle, runtime_sched.mcount,
+    runtime_sched.nmidle, runtime_sched.runqsize);
+@@ -3014,7 +3014,7 @@
+    }
+  }
+  if(!detailed) {
+-   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++   runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+    return;
+  }
+  for(mp = runtime_allm; mp; mp = mp->alllink) {
+@@ -3046,7 +3046,7 @@
+      lockedm ? lockedm->id : -1);
+  }
+  runtime_unlock(&allglock);
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+ }
+ 
+ // Put mp on midle list.
+@@ -3202,9 +3202,9 @@
+  for(i=0; i<n; i++)
+    batch[i]->schedlink = batch[i+1];
+  // Now put the batch on global queue.
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  globrunqputbatch(batch[0], batch[n], n+1);
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  return true;
+ }
+ 
+@@ -3356,11 +3356,11 @@
+ {
+  int32 out;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_lock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  out = runtime_sched.maxmcount;
+  runtime_sched.maxmcount = in;
+  checkmcount();
+- runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched);
++ runtime_unlock(&runtime_sched.lock);
+  return out;
+ }
+ 
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/runtime.h
+--- a/libgo/runtime/runtime.h Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/runtime.h Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@
+ 
+ struct P
+ {
+- Lock;
++ Lock  lock;
+ 
+  int32 id;
+  uint32  status;   // one of Pidle/Prunning/...
+@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@
+ 
+ struct Timers
+ {
+- Lock;
++ Lock  lock;
+  G *timerproc;
+  bool    sleeping;
+  bool    rescheduling;
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/sema.goc
+--- a/libgo/runtime/sema.goc  Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/sema.goc  Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
+ typedef struct SemaRoot SemaRoot;
+ struct SemaRoot
+ {
+- Lock;
++ Lock    lock;
+  SemaWaiter* head;
+  SemaWaiter* tail;
+  // Number of waiters. Read w/o the lock.
+@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
+ 
+ struct semtable
+ {
+- SemaRoot;
++ SemaRoot root;
+  uint8 pad[CacheLineSize-sizeof(SemaRoot)];
+ };
+ static struct semtable semtable[SEMTABLESZ];
+@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
+ static SemaRoot*
+ semroot(uint32 volatile *addr)
+ {
+- return &semtable[((uintptr)addr >> 3) % SEMTABLESZ];
++ return &semtable[((uintptr)addr >> 3) % SEMTABLESZ].root;
+ }
+ 
+ static void
+@@ -124,19 +124,19 @@
+  }
+  for(;;) {
+ 
+-   runtime_lock(root);
++   runtime_lock(&root->lock);
+    // Add ourselves to nwait to disable "easy case" in semrelease.
+    runtime_xadd(&root->nwait, 1);
+    // Check cansemacquire to avoid missed wakeup.
+    if(cansemacquire(addr)) {
+      runtime_xadd(&root->nwait, -1);
+-     runtime_unlock(root);
++     runtime_unlock(&root->lock);
+      return;
+    }
+    // Any semrelease after the cansemacquire knows we're waiting
+    // (we set nwait above), so go to sleep.
+    semqueue(root, addr, &s);
+-   runtime_parkunlock(root, "semacquire");
++   runtime_parkunlock(&root->lock, "semacquire");
+    if(cansemacquire(addr)) {
+      if(t0)
+        runtime_blockevent(s.releasetime - t0, 3);
+@@ -161,11 +161,11 @@
+    return;
+ 
+  // Harder case: search for a waiter and wake it.
+- runtime_lock(root);
++ runtime_lock(&root->lock);
+  if(runtime_atomicload(&root->nwait) == 0) {
+    // The count is already consumed by another goroutine,
+    // so no need to wake up another goroutine.
+-   runtime_unlock(root);
++   runtime_unlock(&root->lock);
+    return;
+  }
+  for(s = root->head; s; s = s->next) {
+@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+- runtime_unlock(root);
++ runtime_unlock(&root->lock);
+  if(s) {
+    if(s->releasetime)
+      s->releasetime = runtime_cputicks();
+@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@
+ typedef struct SyncSema SyncSema;
+ struct SyncSema
+ {
+- Lock;
++ Lock    lock;
+  SemaWaiter* head;
+  SemaWaiter* tail;
+ };
+@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@
+    w.releasetime = -1;
+  }
+ 
+- runtime_lock(s);
++ runtime_lock(&s->lock);
+  if(s->head && s->head->nrelease > 0) {
+    // have pending release, consume it
+    wake = nil;
+@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@
+      if(s->head == nil)
+        s->tail = nil;
+    }
+-   runtime_unlock(s);
++   runtime_unlock(&s->lock);
+    if(wake)
+      runtime_ready(wake->g);
+  } else {
+@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@
+    else
+      s->tail->next = &w;
+    s->tail = &w;
+-   runtime_parkunlock(s, "semacquire");
++   runtime_parkunlock(&s->lock, "semacquire");
+    if(t0)
+      runtime_blockevent(w.releasetime - t0, 2);
+  }
+@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@
+  w.next = nil;
+  w.releasetime = 0;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(s);
++ runtime_lock(&s->lock);
+  while(w.nrelease > 0 && s->head && s->head->nrelease < 0) {
+    // have pending acquire, satisfy it
+    wake = s->head;
+@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@
+    else
+      s->tail->next = &w;
+    s->tail = &w;
+-   runtime_parkunlock(s, "semarelease");
++   runtime_parkunlock(&s->lock, "semarelease");
+  } else
+-   runtime_unlock(s);
++   runtime_unlock(&s->lock);
+ }
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/sigqueue.goc
+--- a/libgo/runtime/sigqueue.goc  Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/sigqueue.goc  Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
+ #include "defs.h"
+ 
+ static struct {
+- Note;
++ Note note;
+  uint32 mask[(NSIG+31)/32];
+  uint32 wanted[(NSIG+31)/32];
+  uint32 state;
+@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
+          new = HASSIGNAL;
+        if(runtime_cas(&sig.state, old, new)) {
+          if (old == HASWAITER)
+-           runtime_notewakeup(&sig);
++           runtime_notewakeup(&sig.note);
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@
+        new = HASWAITER;
+      if(runtime_cas(&sig.state, old, new)) {
+        if (new == HASWAITER) {
+-         runtime_notetsleepg(&sig, -1);
+-         runtime_noteclear(&sig);
++         runtime_notetsleepg(&sig.note, -1);
++         runtime_noteclear(&sig.note);
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@
+    // to use for initialization.  It does not pass
+    // signal information in m.
+    sig.inuse = true; // enable reception of signals; cannot disable
+-   runtime_noteclear(&sig);
++   runtime_noteclear(&sig.note);
+    return;
+  }
+  
+diff -r 225a208260a6 libgo/runtime/time.goc
+--- a/libgo/runtime/time.goc  Mon Sep 22 14:14:24 2014 -0700
++++ b/libgo/runtime/time.goc  Tue Sep 23 15:59:57 2014 -0700
+@@ -94,17 +94,17 @@
+  t.period = 0;
+  t.fv = &readyv;
+  t.arg.__object = g;
+- runtime_lock(&timers);
++ runtime_lock(&timers.lock);
+  addtimer(&t);
+- runtime_parkunlock(&timers, reason);
++ runtime_parkunlock(&timers.lock, reason);
+ }
+ 
+ void
+ runtime_addtimer(Timer *t)
+ {
+- runtime_lock(&timers);
++ runtime_lock(&timers.lock);
+  addtimer(t);
+- runtime_unlock(&timers);
++ runtime_unlock(&timers.lock);
+ }
+ 
+ // Add a timer to the heap and start or kick the timer proc
+@@ -169,14 +169,14 @@
+  i = t->i;
+  gi = i;
+ 
+- runtime_lock(&timers);
++ runtime_lock(&timers.lock);
+ 
+  // t may not be registered anymore and may have
+  // a bogus i (typically 0, if generated by Go).
+  // Verify it before proceeding.
+  i = t->i;
+  if(i < 0 || i >= timers.len || timers.t[i] != t) {
+-   runtime_unlock(&timers);
++   runtime_unlock(&timers.lock);
+    return false;
+  }
+ 
+@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@
+  }
+  if(debug)
+    dumptimers("deltimer");
+- runtime_unlock(&timers);
++ runtime_unlock(&timers.lock);
+  return true;
+ }
+ 
+@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
+  Eface arg;
+ 
+  for(;;) {
+-   runtime_lock(&timers);
++   runtime_lock(&timers.lock);
+    timers.sleeping = false;
+    now = runtime_nanotime();
+    for(;;) {
+@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@
+      fv = t->fv;
+      f = (void*)t->fv->fn;
+      arg = t->arg;
+-     runtime_unlock(&timers);
++     runtime_unlock(&timers.lock);
+      if(raceenabled)
+        runtime_raceacquire(t);
+      __go_set_closure(fv);
+@@ -249,20 +249,20 @@
+      arg.__object = nil;
+      USED(&arg);
+ 
+-     runtime_lock(&timers);
++     runtime_lock(&timers.lock);
+    }
+    if(delta < 0) {
+      // No timers left - put goroutine to sleep.
+      timers.rescheduling = true;
+      runtime_g()->isbackground = true;
+-     runtime_parkunlock(&timers, "timer goroutine (idle)");
++     runtime_parkunlock(&timers.lock, "timer goroutine (idle)");
+      runtime_g()->isbackground = false;
+      continue;
+    }
+    // At least one timer pending.  Sleep until then.
+    timers.sleeping = true;
+    runtime_noteclear(&timers.waitnote);
+-   runtime_unlock(&timers);
++   runtime_unlock(&timers.lock);
+    runtime_notetsleepg(&timers.waitnote, delta);
+  }
+ }

tools/llgo/llgo-go.sh

+#!/bin/sh -e
+
+scriptpath=$(which "$0")
+scriptpath=$(readlink -f "$scriptpath")
+bindir=$(dirname "$scriptpath")
+prefix=$(dirname "$bindir")
+
+cmd="$1"
+
+case "$cmd" in
+build | get | install | run | test)
+  shift
+  PATH="$prefix/lib/llgo/go-path:$PATH" exec go "$cmd" -compiler gccgo "$@"
+  ;;
+
+*)
+  exec go "$@"
+  ;;
+esac

tools/llgo/ssaopt/esc.go

+// Copyright 2014 The llgo Authors.
+// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package ssaopt
+
+import (
+  "go/token"
+
+  "llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/go/ssa"
+)
+
+func escapes(val ssa.Value, bb *ssa.BasicBlock, pending []ssa.Value) bool {
+  for _, p := range pending {
+    if val == p {
+      return false
+    }
+  }
+
+  for _, ref := range *val.Referrers() {
+    switch ref := ref.(type) {
+    case *ssa.Phi:
+      // We must consider the variable to have escaped if it is
+      // possible for the program to see more than one "version"
+      // of the variable at once, as this requires the program
+      // to use heap allocation for the multiple versions.
+      //
+      // I (pcc) think that this is only possible (without stores)
+      // in the case where a phi node that (directly or indirectly)
+      // refers to the allocation dominates the allocation.
+      if ref.Block().Dominates(bb) {
+        return true
+      }
+      if escapes(ref, bb, append(pending, val)) {
+        return true
+      }
+
+    case *ssa.BinOp, *ssa.ChangeType, *ssa.Convert, *ssa.ChangeInterface, *ssa.MakeInterface, *ssa.Slice, *ssa.FieldAddr, *ssa.IndexAddr, *ssa.TypeAssert, *ssa.Extract:
+      if escapes(ref.(ssa.Value), bb, append(pending, val)) {
+        return true
+      }
+
+    case *ssa.Range, *ssa.DebugRef:
+      continue
+
+    case *ssa.UnOp:
+      if ref.Op == token.MUL || ref.Op == token.ARROW {
+        continue
+      }
+      if escapes(ref, bb, append(pending, val)) {
+        return true
+      }
+
+    case *ssa.Store:
+      if val == ref.Val {
+        return true
+      }
+
+    case *ssa.Call:
+      if builtin, ok := ref.Call.Value.(*ssa.Builtin); ok {
+        switch builtin.Name() {
+        case "cap", "len", "copy", "ssa:wrapnilchk":
+          continue
+        case "append":
+          if ref.Call.Args[0] == val && escapes(ref, bb, append(pending, val)) {
+            return true
+          }
+        default:
+          return true
+        }
+      } else {
+        return true
+      }
+
+    default:
+      return true
+    }
+  }
+
+  return false
+}
+
+func LowerAllocsToStack(f *ssa.Function) {
+  pending := make([]ssa.Value, 0, 10)
+
+  for _, b := range f.Blocks {
+    for _, instr := range b.Instrs {
+      if alloc, ok := instr.(*ssa.Alloc); ok && alloc.Heap && !escapes(alloc, alloc.Block(), pending) {
+        alloc.Heap = false
+        f.Locals = append(f.Locals, alloc)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/CMakeLists.txt

+configure_lit_site_cfg(
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/lit.site.cfg.in
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/lit.site.cfg
+  )
+
+add_lit_testsuite(check-llgo "Running the llgo regression tests"
+  ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
+  DEPENDS llgo libgo)
+set_target_properties(check-llgo PROPERTIES FOLDER "Tests")

tools/llgo/test/debuginfo/emptyname.go

+// RUN: llgo -c -o /dev/null -g %s
+
+package main
+
+//line :1
+func main() {
+}

tools/llgo/test/driver/parse-arguments.go

+// RUN: not llgo -B 2>&1 | FileCheck --check-prefix=B %s
+// RUN: not llgo -D 2>&1 | FileCheck --check-prefix=D %s
+// RUN: not llgo -I 2>&1 | FileCheck --check-prefix=I %s
+// RUN: not llgo -isystem 2>&1 | FileCheck --check-prefix=isystem %s
+// RUN: not llgo -L 2>&1 | FileCheck --check-prefix=L %s
+// RUN: not llgo -fload-plugin 2>&1 | FileCheck --check-prefix=fload-plugin %s
+// RUN: not llgo -mllvm 2>&1 | FileCheck --check-prefix=mllvm %s
+// RUN: not llgo -o 2>&1 | FileCheck --check-prefix=o %s
+
+// B: missing argument after '-B'
+// D: missing argument after '-D'
+// I: missing argument after '-I'
+// isystem: missing argument after '-isystem'
+// L: missing argument after '-L'
+// fload-plugin: missing argument after '-fload-plugin'
+// mllvm: missing argument after '-mllvm'
+// o: missing argument after '-o'

tools/llgo/test/execution/Inputs/init2.go

+package main
+
+func init() {
+  println("do some other stuff before main")
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/arrays/compare.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  a := [...]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
+  b := [...]int{10, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
+  c := [...]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
+
+  println(a == b)
+  println(a == c)
+  println(b == c)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/arrays/index.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 5
+// CHECK-NEXT: 6
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 9
+// CHECK-NEXT: 10
+// CHECK-NEXT: 11
+// CHECK-NEXT: 12
+// CHECK-NEXT: 13
+// CHECK-NEXT: 14
+// CHECK-NEXT: 15
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16
+// CHECK-NEXT: 17
+// CHECK-NEXT: 18
+// CHECK-NEXT: 19
+// CHECK-NEXT: 20
+// CHECK-NEXT: 21
+// CHECK-NEXT: 22
+// CHECK-NEXT: 23
+// CHECK-NEXT: 24
+// CHECK-NEXT: 25
+// CHECK-NEXT: 26
+// CHECK-NEXT: 27
+// CHECK-NEXT: 28
+// CHECK-NEXT: 29
+// CHECK-NEXT: 30
+// CHECK-NEXT: 31
+// CHECK-NEXT: 32
+// CHECK-NEXT: 33
+// CHECK-NEXT: 34
+// CHECK-NEXT: 35
+// CHECK-NEXT: 36
+// CHECK-NEXT: 37
+// CHECK-NEXT: 38
+// CHECK-NEXT: 39
+// CHECK-NEXT: 40
+// CHECK-NEXT: 41
+// CHECK-NEXT: 42
+// CHECK-NEXT: 43
+// CHECK-NEXT: 44
+// CHECK-NEXT: 45
+// CHECK-NEXT: 46
+// CHECK-NEXT: 47
+// CHECK-NEXT: 48
+// CHECK-NEXT: 49
+// CHECK-NEXT: 50
+// CHECK-NEXT: 51
+// CHECK-NEXT: 52
+// CHECK-NEXT: 53
+// CHECK-NEXT: 54
+// CHECK-NEXT: 55
+// CHECK-NEXT: 56
+// CHECK-NEXT: 57
+// CHECK-NEXT: 58
+// CHECK-NEXT: 59
+// CHECK-NEXT: 60
+// CHECK-NEXT: 61
+// CHECK-NEXT: 62
+// CHECK-NEXT: 63
+// CHECK-NEXT: 64
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65
+// CHECK-NEXT: 66
+// CHECK-NEXT: 67
+// CHECK-NEXT: 68
+// CHECK-NEXT: 69
+// CHECK-NEXT: 70
+// CHECK-NEXT: 71
+// CHECK-NEXT: 72
+// CHECK-NEXT: 73
+// CHECK-NEXT: 74
+// CHECK-NEXT: 75
+// CHECK-NEXT: 76
+// CHECK-NEXT: 77
+// CHECK-NEXT: 78
+// CHECK-NEXT: 79
+// CHECK-NEXT: 80
+// CHECK-NEXT: 81
+// CHECK-NEXT: 82
+// CHECK-NEXT: 83
+// CHECK-NEXT: 84
+// CHECK-NEXT: 85
+// CHECK-NEXT: 86
+// CHECK-NEXT: 87
+// CHECK-NEXT: 88
+// CHECK-NEXT: 89
+// CHECK-NEXT: 90
+// CHECK-NEXT: 91
+// CHECK-NEXT: 92
+// CHECK-NEXT: 93
+// CHECK-NEXT: 94
+// CHECK-NEXT: 95
+// CHECK-NEXT: 96
+// CHECK-NEXT: 97
+// CHECK-NEXT: 98
+// CHECK-NEXT: 99
+// CHECK-NEXT: 100
+// CHECK-NEXT: 101
+// CHECK-NEXT: 102
+// CHECK-NEXT: 103
+// CHECK-NEXT: 104
+// CHECK-NEXT: 105
+// CHECK-NEXT: 106
+// CHECK-NEXT: 107
+// CHECK-NEXT: 108
+// CHECK-NEXT: 109
+// CHECK-NEXT: 110
+// CHECK-NEXT: 111
+// CHECK-NEXT: 112
+// CHECK-NEXT: 113
+// CHECK-NEXT: 114
+// CHECK-NEXT: 115
+// CHECK-NEXT: 116
+// CHECK-NEXT: 117
+// CHECK-NEXT: 118
+// CHECK-NEXT: 119
+// CHECK-NEXT: 120
+// CHECK-NEXT: 121
+// CHECK-NEXT: 122
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 124
+// CHECK-NEXT: 125
+// CHECK-NEXT: 126
+// CHECK-NEXT: 127
+// CHECK-NEXT: 128
+// CHECK-NEXT: 129
+// CHECK-NEXT: 130
+// CHECK-NEXT: 131
+// CHECK-NEXT: 132
+// CHECK-NEXT: 133
+// CHECK-NEXT: 134
+// CHECK-NEXT: 135
+// CHECK-NEXT: 136
+// CHECK-NEXT: 137
+// CHECK-NEXT: 138
+// CHECK-NEXT: 139
+// CHECK-NEXT: 140
+// CHECK-NEXT: 141
+// CHECK-NEXT: 142
+// CHECK-NEXT: 143
+// CHECK-NEXT: 144
+// CHECK-NEXT: 145
+// CHECK-NEXT: 146
+// CHECK-NEXT: 147
+// CHECK-NEXT: 148
+// CHECK-NEXT: 149
+// CHECK-NEXT: 150
+// CHECK-NEXT: 151
+// CHECK-NEXT: 152
+// CHECK-NEXT: 153
+// CHECK-NEXT: 154
+// CHECK-NEXT: 155
+// CHECK-NEXT: 156
+// CHECK-NEXT: 157
+// CHECK-NEXT: 158
+// CHECK-NEXT: 159
+// CHECK-NEXT: 160
+// CHECK-NEXT: 161
+// CHECK-NEXT: 162
+// CHECK-NEXT: 163
+// CHECK-NEXT: 164
+// CHECK-NEXT: 165
+// CHECK-NEXT: 166
+// CHECK-NEXT: 167
+// CHECK-NEXT: 168
+// CHECK-NEXT: 169
+// CHECK-NEXT: 170
+// CHECK-NEXT: 171
+// CHECK-NEXT: 172
+// CHECK-NEXT: 173
+// CHECK-NEXT: 174
+// CHECK-NEXT: 175
+// CHECK-NEXT: 176
+// CHECK-NEXT: 177
+// CHECK-NEXT: 178
+// CHECK-NEXT: 179
+// CHECK-NEXT: 180
+// CHECK-NEXT: 181
+// CHECK-NEXT: 182
+// CHECK-NEXT: 183
+// CHECK-NEXT: 184
+// CHECK-NEXT: 185
+// CHECK-NEXT: 186
+// CHECK-NEXT: 187
+// CHECK-NEXT: 188
+// CHECK-NEXT: 189
+// CHECK-NEXT: 190
+// CHECK-NEXT: 191
+// CHECK-NEXT: 192
+// CHECK-NEXT: 193
+// CHECK-NEXT: 194
+// CHECK-NEXT: 195
+// CHECK-NEXT: 196
+// CHECK-NEXT: 197
+// CHECK-NEXT: 198
+// CHECK-NEXT: 199
+// CHECK-NEXT: 200
+// CHECK-NEXT: 201
+// CHECK-NEXT: 202
+// CHECK-NEXT: 203
+// CHECK-NEXT: 204
+// CHECK-NEXT: 205
+// CHECK-NEXT: 206
+// CHECK-NEXT: 207
+// CHECK-NEXT: 208
+// CHECK-NEXT: 209
+// CHECK-NEXT: 210
+// CHECK-NEXT: 211
+// CHECK-NEXT: 212
+// CHECK-NEXT: 213
+// CHECK-NEXT: 214
+// CHECK-NEXT: 215
+// CHECK-NEXT: 216
+// CHECK-NEXT: 217
+// CHECK-NEXT: 218
+// CHECK-NEXT: 219
+// CHECK-NEXT: 220
+// CHECK-NEXT: 221
+// CHECK-NEXT: 222
+// CHECK-NEXT: 223
+// CHECK-NEXT: 224
+// CHECK-NEXT: 225
+// CHECK-NEXT: 226
+// CHECK-NEXT: 227
+// CHECK-NEXT: 228
+// CHECK-NEXT: 229
+// CHECK-NEXT: 230
+// CHECK-NEXT: 231
+// CHECK-NEXT: 232
+// CHECK-NEXT: 233
+// CHECK-NEXT: 234
+// CHECK-NEXT: 235
+// CHECK-NEXT: 236
+// CHECK-NEXT: 237
+// CHECK-NEXT: 238
+// CHECK-NEXT: 239
+// CHECK-NEXT: 240
+// CHECK-NEXT: 241
+// CHECK-NEXT: 242
+// CHECK-NEXT: 243
+// CHECK-NEXT: 244
+// CHECK-NEXT: 245
+// CHECK-NEXT: 246
+// CHECK-NEXT: 247
+// CHECK-NEXT: 248
+// CHECK-NEXT: 249
+// CHECK-NEXT: 250
+// CHECK-NEXT: 251
+// CHECK-NEXT: 252
+// CHECK-NEXT: 253
+// CHECK-NEXT: 254
+
+package main
+
+func testBasics() {
+  var i [2]int
+  j := &i
+  i[0] = 123
+  i[1] = 456
+  println(i[0], i[1])
+  println(j[0], j[1])
+  i[0]++
+  i[1]--
+  println(i[0], i[1])
+  println(j[0], j[1])
+}
+
+func testByteIndex() {
+  var a [255]int
+  for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ {
+    a[i] = i
+  }
+  for i := byte(0); i < byte(len(a)); i++ {
+    println(a[i])
+  }
+}
+
+func main() {
+  //testBasics()
+  testByteIndex()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/arrays/range.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0 0 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 1 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2 2 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3 0 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4 4 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 10
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 20
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2 30
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  a := [...]int{1: 1, 2: 2, 4: 4}
+  for i, val := range a {
+    println(i, val, a[i])
+  }
+  for i, val := range [...]int{10, 20, 30} {
+    println(i, val)
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/arrays/slice.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 10
+// CHECK-NEXT: 9
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  var a [10]int
+  b := a[1:]
+  println(len(a))
+  println(len(b))
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/arrays.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: +1.000000e+000
+// CHECK-NEXT: +2.000000e+000
+// CHECK-NEXT: +3.000000e+000
+
+package main
+
+var a1 = [...]float32{1.0, 2.0, 3.0}
+
+func main() {
+  var a2 [3]float32
+  a2 = a1
+  println(a2[0])
+  println(a2[1])
+  println(a2[2])
+
+  // broken due to lack of promotion of
+  // stack to heap.
+  //println(a2[0], a2[1], a2[2])
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/binop.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 246
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 124
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  x := 123
+  x *= 2
+  println(x)
+  x /= 2
+  println(x)
+  x += 1
+  println(x)
+  x -= 1
+  println(x)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/dereferencing.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 123
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  var x int
+  px := &x
+  *px = 123
+  println(x)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/multi.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 123 456
+// CHECK-NEXT: 456 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 456 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123 456
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123 456
+
+package main
+
+func xyz() (int, int) {
+  return 123, 456
+}
+
+func abc() (int, int) {
+  var a, b = xyz()
+  return a, b
+}
+
+type S struct {
+  a int
+  b int
+}
+
+func main() {
+  a, b := xyz()
+  println(a, b)
+  b, a = abc()
+  println(a, b)
+
+  // swap
+  println(a, b)
+  a, b = b, a
+  println(a, b)
+
+  var s S
+  s.a, s.b = a, b
+  println(s.a, s.b)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/assignment/namedresult.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 456
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 666 0
+
+package main
+
+func f1() (x int) {
+  x = 123
+  return
+}
+
+func f2() (x int) {
+  return 456
+}
+
+func f3() (x, y int) {
+  y, x = 2, 1
+  return
+}
+
+func f4() (x, _ int) {
+  x = 666
+  return
+}
+
+func main() {
+  x := f1()
+  println(x)
+  x = f2()
+  println(x)
+
+  var y int
+  x, y = f3()
+  println(x, y)
+
+  x, y = f4()
+  println(x, y)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/branching/goto.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 5
+// CHECK-NEXT: 6
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 9
+// CHECK-NEXT: done
+// CHECK-NEXT: !
+
+package main
+
+func f1() {
+  goto labeled
+labeled:
+  goto done
+  return
+done:
+  println("!")
+}
+
+func main() {
+  i := 0
+start:
+  if i < 10 {
+    println(i)
+    i++
+    goto start
+  } else {
+    goto end
+  }
+  return
+end:
+  println("done")
+  f1()
+  return
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/branching/labeled.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0
+
+package main
+
+func labeledBreak() {
+  var i int
+L:
+  for ; i < 10; i++ {
+    switch {
+    default:
+      break L
+    }
+  }
+  println(i)
+}
+
+func main() {
+  labeledBreak()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/chan/buffered.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 10
+// CHECK-NEXT: 20
+// CHECK-NEXT: 30
+// CHECK-NEXT: 40
+// CHECK-NEXT: 50
+// CHECK-NEXT: 60
+// CHECK-NEXT: 70
+// CHECK-NEXT: 80
+// CHECK-NEXT: 90
+// CHECK-NEXT: 100
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  c := make(chan int)
+  println(len(c), cap(c))
+  c1 := make(chan int, 1)
+  println(len(c1), cap(c1))
+  f := func() {
+    n, ok := <-c
+    if ok {
+      c1 <- n * 10
+    } else {
+      c1 <- -1
+    }
+  }
+  for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+    go f()
+    c <- i + 1
+    println(<-c1)
+  }
+  go f()
+  close(c)
+  println(<-c1)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/chan/range.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 5
+// CHECK-NEXT: 6
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 9
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  ch := make(chan int)
+  go func() {
+    for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+      ch <- i
+    }
+    close(ch)
+  }()
+  for n := range ch {
+    println(n)
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/chan/select.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: sent a value
+// CHECK-NEXT: received 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: default
+
+package main
+
+func f1() {
+  c := make(chan int, 1)
+  for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+    select {
+    case n, _ := <-c:
+      println("received", n)
+      c = nil
+    case c <- 123:
+      println("sent a value")
+    default:
+      println("default")
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+func main() {
+  f1()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/chan/self.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  ch := make(chan int, uint8(1))
+
+  ch <- 1
+  println(<-ch)
+
+  ch <- 2
+  x, ok := <-ch
+  println(x)
+  println(ok)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/circulartype.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | count 0
+
+package main
+
+type A struct {
+  b1, b2 B
+}
+
+type B struct {
+  a1, a2 *A
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var a A
+  _ = a
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/closures/basic.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: abc
+
+package main
+
+func cat(a, b string) func(string) string {
+  return func(c string) string { return a + b + c }
+}
+
+func main() {
+  f := cat("a", "b")
+  println(f("c"))
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/closures/issue176.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: false
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  a := false
+  f := func() {
+    make(chan *bool, 1) <- &a
+  }
+  f()
+  println(a)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/complex.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: (+1.000000e+000+2.000000e+000i)
+// CHECK-NEXT: (-1.000000e+000-2.000000e+000i)
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: (+1.000000e+000+2.000000e+000i)
+// CHECK-NEXT: (-1.000000e+000-2.000000e+000i)
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  var f32 float32 = 1
+  var f64 float64 = 1
+  c64 := complex(f32, f32+1)
+  println(c64)
+  println(-c64)
+  println(c64 == c64)
+  c128 := complex(f64, f64+1)
+  println(c128)
+  println(-c128)
+  println(c128 == c128)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/const.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 1 1 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2147483647
+// CHECK-NEXT: -2147483648
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2147483647
+// CHECK-NEXT: -127
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: 10000000000
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+
+package main
+
+import "runtime"
+
+const (
+  a = iota * 2
+  A = 1
+  B
+  C
+  D = Z + iota
+)
+
+const (
+  Z    = iota
+  Big  = 1<<31 - 1
+  Big2 = -2147483648
+  Big3 = 2147483647
+)
+
+const (
+  expbits32   uint = 8
+  bias32           = -1<<(expbits32-1) + 1
+  darwinAMD64      = runtime.GOOS == "darwin" && runtime.GOARCH == "amd64"
+)
+
+func f1() float32 {
+  return 0
+}
+
+func constArrayLen() {
+  a := [...]int{1, 2, 3}
+  const x = len(a)
+  println(x)
+}
+
+func main() {
+  println(a)
+  println(B)
+  println(A, A)
+  println(A, B, C, D)
+  println(Big)
+  println(Big2)
+  println(Big3)
+  println(bias32)
+
+  // Currently fails, due to difference in C printf and Go's println
+  // formatting of the exponent.
+  //println(10 * 1e9)
+  println(darwinAMD64)
+
+  // Test conversion.
+  println(int64(10) * 1e9)
+
+  // Ensure consts work just as well when declared inside a function.
+  const (
+    x_ = iota
+    y_
+  )
+  println(y_)
+
+  constArrayLen()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/conversions/complex.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | count 0
+
+package main
+
+func constIntToComplex() complex128 {
+  return 0
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var c64 complex64
+  var c128 complex128
+  c128 = complex128(c64)
+  c64 = complex64(c128)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/conversions/float.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: -123
+// CHECK-NEXT: -123
+// CHECK-NEXT: -123
+// CHECK-NEXT: -123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 133
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65413
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967173
+// CHECK-NEXT: 18446744073709551493
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: -123
+// CHECK-NEXT: -123
+// CHECK-NEXT: -123
+// CHECK-NEXT: -123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 133
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65413
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967173
+// CHECK-NEXT: 18446744073709551493
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.230000e+002
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.230000e+002
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.230000e+002
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.230000e+002
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.234500e+004
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.234500e+004
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.234500e+004
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.234500e+004
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.234560e+005
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.234560e+005
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.234560e+005
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.234560e+005
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.234568e+010
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.234568e+010
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.234568e+010
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.234568e+010
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  // float to int
+  for _, f32 := range []float32{123.456, -123.456} {
+    println(int8(f32))
+    println(int16(f32))
+    println(int32(f32))
+    println(int64(f32))
+    println(uint8(f32))
+    println(uint16(f32))
+    println(uint32(f32))
+    println(uint64(f32))
+  }
+  for _, f64 := range []float64{123.456, -123.456} {
+    println(int8(f64))
+    println(int16(f64))
+    println(int32(f64))
+    println(int64(f64))
+    println(uint8(f64))
+    println(uint16(f64))
+    println(uint32(f64))
+    println(uint64(f64))
+  }
+
+  // int to float
+  var i8 int8 = 123
+  println(float32(i8))
+  println(float64(i8))
+  var ui8 uint8 = 123
+  println(float32(ui8))
+  println(float64(ui8))
+  var i16 int32 = 12345
+  println(float32(i16))
+  println(float64(i16))
+  var ui16 uint32 = 12345
+  println(float32(ui16))
+  println(float64(ui16))
+  var i32 int32 = 123456
+  println(float32(i32))
+  println(float64(i32))
+  var ui32 uint32 = 123456
+  println(float32(ui32))
+  println(float64(ui32))
+  var i64 int64 = 12345678910
+  println(float32(i64))
+  println(float64(i64))
+  var ui64 uint64 = 12345678910
+  println(float32(ui64))
+  println(float64(ui64))
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/conversions/int.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 2147483647
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2147483647
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2147483647
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2147483648
+// CHECK-NEXT: -2147483648
+// CHECK-NEXT: 18446744071562067968
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967295
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967295
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+
+package main
+
+func signed(i32 int32) {
+  println(uint32(i32))
+  println(int64(i32))
+  println(uint64(i32))
+}
+
+func unsigned(u32 uint32) {
+  println(int32(u32))
+  println(int64(u32))
+  println(uint64(u32))
+}
+
+func main() {
+  signed(1<<31 - 1)
+  signed(-1 << 31)
+  signed(0)
+  unsigned(1<<32 - 1)
+  unsigned(0)
+  unsigned(1)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/conversions/sameunderlying.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | count 0
+
+package main
+
+type X struct{}
+type Y X
+
+func main() {
+  var x X
+  px := &x
+  py := (*Y)(&x)
+  py = (*Y)(px)
+  _ = py
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/defer.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: f2.1
+// CHECK-NEXT: f5
+// CHECK-NEXT: recovered no error
+// CHECK-NEXT: f5
+// CHECK-NEXT: recovered: meep meep
+// CHECK-NEXT: 888
+// CHECK-NEXT: f5
+// CHECK-NEXT: recovered no error
+// CHECK-NEXT: f5
+// CHECK-NEXT: recovered no error
+// CHECK-NEXT: 888
+// CHECK-NEXT: 456
+// CHECK-NEXT: 999
+// CHECK-NEXT: 999
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 999
+// CHECK-NEXT: 999
+// CHECK-NEXT: 246
+// CHECK-NEXT: f2.2
+// CHECK-NEXT: f2.3
+// CHECK-NEXT: f1.1
+// CHECK-NEXT: f1.2
+// CHECK-NEXT: recovered: second
+// CHECK-NEXT: ahoy
+
+package main
+
+type T struct {
+  value int
+}
+
+type T1 struct {
+  T
+}
+
+func (t T) abc() {
+  println(t.value)
+}
+
+func (t *T) def() {
+  println(t.value)
+}
+
+func (t *T) ghi(v int) {
+  println(v)
+}
+
+func printerr(err interface{}) {
+  if err != nil {
+    println("recovered:", err.(string))
+  } else {
+    println("recovered no error")
+  }
+}
+
+func f6() {
+  defer func() { printerr(recover()) }()
+  defer func() { panic("second") }()
+  panic("first")
+}
+
+func f5(panic_ bool) {
+  var t1 T1
+  t1.T.value = 888
+  defer t1.abc()
+  var f func(int)
+  f = func(recursion int) {
+    if recursion > 0 {
+      f(recursion - 1)
+      return
+    }
+    println("f5")
+    printerr(recover())
+  }
+  defer f(0) // will recover (after f(1))
+  defer f(1) // won't recover
+  if panic_ {
+    panic("meep meep")
+  }
+}
+
+func f4() {
+  var a T = T{999}
+  var b *T = &a
+  defer a.abc()
+  defer a.def()
+  defer a.ghi(123)
+  defer b.abc()
+  defer b.def()
+  defer b.ghi(456)
+  f5(true)
+  f5(false) // verify the recover in f5 works
+}
+
+func f3() (a int) {
+  defer func() { a *= 2 }()
+  f4()
+  return 123
+}
+
+func f2() {
+  defer func() { println("f2.3") }()
+  defer func(s string) { println(s) }("f2.2")
+  println("f2.1")
+  println(f3())
+}
+
+func f1() {
+  defer func() { println("f1.2") }()
+  defer func() { println("f1.1") }()
+  f2()
+}
+
+func builtins() {
+  defer println("ahoy")
+}
+
+func main() {
+  f1()
+  f6()
+  builtins()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/errors/recover.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: (0x0,0x0)
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  err := recover()
+  println(err)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/for/branch.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  for i := 0; true; i++ {
+    println(i)
+    if i == 2 {
+      println(3)
+      break
+    }
+    println(1)
+    i++
+    continue
+    println("unreachable")
+  }
+
+  nums := [...]int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
+  for n := range nums {
+    if n == 1 {
+      continue
+    }
+    println(n)
+    if n == 4 {
+      {
+        break
+      }
+      println("!")
+    }
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/fun.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 246
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123 true false
+
+// vim: set ft=go :
+
+package main
+
+func test() func() int {
+  return blah
+}
+
+func blah() int {
+  return 123
+}
+
+func sret() (int, bool, bool) {
+  return 123, true, false
+}
+
+func main() {
+  f := test()
+  println(2 * f())
+  a, b, c := sret()
+  println(a, b, c)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/functions/compare.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  var f func()
+  println(f == nil)
+  println(f != nil)
+  println(nil == f)
+  println(nil != f)
+  f = func() {}
+  println(f == nil)
+  println(f != nil)
+  println(nil == f)
+  println(nil != f)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/functions/multivalue.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 20
+// CHECK-NEXT: extra: 10
+
+package main
+
+func swap(a, b int) (int, int) {
+  return b, a
+}
+
+func sub(a, b int) int {
+  return a - b
+}
+
+func printint(a int, extra ...int) {
+  println(a)
+  for _, b := range extra {
+    println("extra:", b)
+  }
+}
+
+func main() {
+  println(sub(swap(1, 2)))
+  printint(swap(10, 20))
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/functions/unreachable.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: f1
+// CHECK-NEXT: f2
+// CHECK-NEXT: f3
+// CHECK-NEXT: f4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+
+package main
+
+func f1() {
+  if true {
+    println("f1")
+    return
+  }
+  for {
+  }
+}
+
+func f2() {
+  defer func() { println("f2") }()
+  if true {
+    return
+  }
+  for {
+  }
+}
+
+func f3() int {
+  if true {
+    println("f3")
+    return 123
+  }
+  for {
+  }
+}
+
+func f4() int {
+  defer func() { println("f4") }()
+  if true {
+    return 123
+  }
+  for {
+  }
+}
+
+func main() {
+  f1()
+  f2()
+  f3()
+  println(f4())
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/go.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: hello from T 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: hello from T 2
+
+package main
+
+type T struct {
+  val int
+}
+
+func (t T) Hello(done chan bool) {
+  println("hello from T", t.val)
+  done <- true
+}
+
+type I interface {
+  Hello(chan bool)
+}
+
+func main() {
+  done := make(chan bool)
+
+  t := T{1}
+  go t.Hello(done)
+  <-done
+
+  var i I = T{2}
+  go i.Hello(done)
+  <-done
+
+  go println("hello builtin")
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/if/lazy.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: False()
+// CHECK-NEXT: False()
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: False()
+// CHECK-NEXT: True()
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: True()
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: True()
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: False()
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: False()
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: True()
+// CHECK-NEXT: False()
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: True()
+// CHECK-NEXT: True()
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+
+package main
+
+func False() bool {
+  println("False()")
+  return false
+}
+
+func True() bool {
+  println("True()")
+  return true
+}
+
+func main() {
+  println(False() || False())
+  println(False() || True())
+  println(True() || False())
+  println(True() || True())
+  println(False() && False())
+  println(False() && True())
+  println(True() && False())
+  println(True() && True())
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/init.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s %p/Inputs/init2.go
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+package main
+
+// CHECK-DAG: do some other stuff before main
+//func init()
+
+// CHECK-DAG: do some stuff before main
+func init() {
+  println("do some stuff before main")
+}
+
+// CHECK: main has been called
+func main() {
+  println("main has been called")
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/assert.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: x is nil
+// CHECK-NEXT: i2v: 123456
+// CHECK-NEXT: !
+// CHECK-NEXT: (*X).F1: 123456
+
+package main
+
+type X struct{ x int }
+
+func (x *X) F1() { println("(*X).F1:", x.x) }
+func (x *X) F2() { println("(*X).F2") }
+
+type I interface {
+  F1()
+  F2()
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var x interface{}
+
+  // x is nil. Let's make sure an assertion on it
+  // won't cause a panic.
+  if x, ok := x.(int32); ok {
+    println("i2v:", x)
+  }
+  if x == nil {
+    println("x is nil")
+  }
+
+  x = int32(123456)
+
+  // Let's try an interface-to-value assertion.
+  if x, ok := x.(int32); ok {
+    println("i2v:", x)
+  }
+  if x, ok := x.(int64); ok {
+    println("i2v:", x)
+  }
+
+  // This will fail the assertion.
+  if i, ok := x.(I); ok {
+    i.F1()
+    _ = i
+  } else {
+    println("!")
+  }
+
+  // Assign an *X, which should pass the assertion.
+  x_ := new(X)
+  x_.x = 123456
+  x = x_ //&X{x: 123456}
+  if i, ok := x.(I); ok {
+    i.F1()
+    _ = i
+  } else {
+    println("!")
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/basic.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: expected: y != z
+
+package main
+
+type any interface{}
+
+type Stringer interface {
+  String() string
+}
+
+type lessThanAWord struct {
+  a byte
+}
+
+func (l lessThanAWord) String() string {
+  return "!"
+}
+
+func makeAStringer() Stringer {
+  return lessThanAWord{}
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var x1, x2 int = 1, 2
+  var y any = x1
+  var z any = x2
+  if y != z {
+    println("expected: y != z")
+  } else {
+    println("unexpected: y == z")
+  }
+  /*
+    if y == x1 {
+      println("expected: y == x1")
+    } else {
+      println("unexpected: y == x1")
+    }
+  */
+  //println(y.(int))
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/comparei2i.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+
+package main
+
+import "unsafe"
+
+type I interface {
+  X()
+}
+
+type T int
+
+func (t T) X() {
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var highbit uint32 = 1 << 31
+  var pos0 float32 = 0
+  var neg0 float32 = *(*float32)(unsafe.Pointer(&highbit))
+  var i1 interface{} = pos0
+  var i2 interface{} = neg0
+  println(i1 == i2)
+  var i3 interface{} = T(123)
+  var i4 I = T(123)
+  println(i3 == i4)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/comparei2v.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  var x interface{} = 123
+  println(x == 123)
+  println(x != 123)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/e2i_conversion.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | count 0
+
+package main
+
+import "io"
+
+type rdr struct{}
+
+func (r rdr) Read(b []byte) (int, error) {
+  return 0, nil
+}
+
+func F(i interface{}) {
+  _ = i.(io.Reader)
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var r rdr
+  F(r)
+  F(&r)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/embedded.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: A
+// CHECK-NEXT: B
+
+package main
+
+type BI interface {
+  B()
+}
+
+type AI interface {
+  A()
+  BI
+}
+
+type S struct{}
+
+func (s S) A() {
+  println("A")
+}
+
+func (s S) B() {
+  println("B")
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var ai AI = S{}
+  ai.A()
+  ai.B()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/error.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: !!!! 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: errno 123
+
+package main
+
+var errors = [...]string{}
+
+func itoa(val int) string { // do it here rather than with fmt to avoid dependency
+  if val < 0 {
+    return "-" + itoa(-val)
+  }
+  var buf [32]byte // big enough for int64
+  i := len(buf) - 1
+  for val >= 10 {
+    buf[i] = byte(val%10 + '0')
+    i--
+    val /= 10
+  }
+  buf[i] = byte(val + '0')
+  return string(buf[i:])
+}
+
+type Errno uintptr
+
+func (e Errno) Error() string {
+  println("!!!!", uintptr(e))
+  if 0 <= int(e) && int(e) < len(errors) {
+    s := errors[e]
+    if s != "" {
+      return s
+    }
+  }
+  return "errno " + itoa(int(e))
+}
+
+func main() {
+  e := Errno(123)
+  i := (interface{})(e)
+  println(i.(error).Error())
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/i2i_conversion.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 666
+// CHECK-NEXT: The Beast
+
+package main
+
+type Numbered interface {
+  Number() int
+}
+
+type Named interface {
+  Name() string
+}
+
+type Beast struct{}
+
+func (b *Beast) Number() int {
+  return 666
+}
+
+func (b *Beast) Name() string {
+  return "The Beast"
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var b Beast
+  var numbered Numbered = &b
+  var named Named = numbered.(Named)
+  println(numbered.Number())
+  println(named.Name())
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/import.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+package main
+
+import "syscall"
+
+type Signal interface {
+  Signal()
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var s Signal = syscall.SIGINT
+  // CHECK: ({{.*}},{{.*}})
+  println(s)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/methods.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: X()
+// CHECK-NEXT: Y()
+// CHECK-NEXT: X()
+// CHECK-NEXT: Y()
+// CHECK-NEXT: X()
+
+package main
+
+type Stringer interface {
+  String() string
+}
+
+type X int
+type Y int
+
+type Z1 struct {
+  X
+}
+
+type Z2 struct {
+  Stringer
+}
+
+func (x X) String() string {
+  return "X()"
+}
+
+func (y *Y) String() string {
+  return "Y()"
+}
+
+func makeX() X {
+  return X(0)
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var z Stringer = X(0)
+  println(z.String())
+
+  z = new(Y)
+  println(z.String())
+
+  z = Z1{}
+  println(z.String())
+
+  z = Z2{new(Y)}
+  println(z.String())
+
+  println(makeX().String())
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/static_conversion.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 666
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+
+package main
+
+type Blah interface{}
+type Numbered interface {
+  Blah
+  Number() int
+}
+
+type Beast struct{}
+
+func (b *Beast) Number() int {
+  return 666
+}
+
+type MagicNumber int
+
+func (m MagicNumber) Number() int {
+  return int(m)
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var b Beast
+  var m MagicNumber = 3
+  var n Numbered = &b
+  println(n.Number())
+
+  n = m
+  println(n.Number())
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/interfaces/wordsize.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: StringStringer(abc)
+// CHECK-NEXT: abc 1 2 3
+
+package main
+
+type Stringer interface {
+  String() string
+}
+
+type StringStringer string
+
+func (s StringStringer) String() string {
+  return "StringStringer(" + string(s) + ")"
+}
+
+func (s StringStringer) MethodWithArgs(a, b, c int) {
+  println(s, a, b, c)
+}
+
+type I interface {
+  MethodWithArgs(a, b, c int)
+}
+
+func testLargerThanWord() {
+  // string is larger than a word. Make sure it works
+  // well as a method receiver when using interfaces.
+  var s Stringer = StringStringer("abc")
+  println(s.String())
+
+  // Test calling a method which takes parameters
+  // beyond the receiver.
+  s.(I).MethodWithArgs(1, 2, 3)
+}
+
+func main() {
+  testLargerThanWord()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/literals/array.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 9223372036854775808 -63 false
+// CHECK-NEXT: 11529215046068469760 -60 false
+// CHECK-NEXT: 14411518807585587200 -57 false
+// CHECK-NEXT: 18014398509481984000 -54 false
+// CHECK-NEXT: 11258999068426240000 -50 false
+// CHECK-NEXT: 14073748835532800000 -47 false
+// CHECK-NEXT: 17592186044416000000 -44 false
+// CHECK-NEXT: 10995116277760000000 -40 false
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 5 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 6 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 9 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 2
+
+package main
+
+// An extFloat represents an extended floating-point number, with more
+// precision than a float64. It does not try to save bits: the
+// number represented by the structure is mant*(2^exp), with a negative
+// sign if neg is true.
+type extFloat struct {
+  mant uint64
+  exp  int
+  neg  bool
+}
+
+var smallPowersOfTen = [...]extFloat{
+  {1 << 63, -63, false},        // 1
+  {0xa << 60, -60, false},      // 1e1
+  {0x64 << 57, -57, false},     // 1e2
+  {0x3e8 << 54, -54, false},    // 1e3
+  {0x2710 << 50, -50, false},   // 1e4
+  {0x186a0 << 47, -47, false},  // 1e5
+  {0xf4240 << 44, -44, false},  // 1e6
+  {0x989680 << 40, -40, false}, // 1e7
+}
+
+var arrayWithHoles = [10]int{
+  2: 1,
+  4: 2,
+  6: 3,
+  8: 4,
+}
+
+type namedInt int32
+
+const N0 namedInt = 0
+const N1 namedInt = 1
+
+var arrayWithNamedIndices = [...]int{
+  N0: 1,
+  N1: 2,
+}
+
+func main() {
+  for i := range smallPowersOfTen {
+    s := smallPowersOfTen[i]
+    println(s.mant, s.exp, s.neg)
+  }
+
+  for i, value := range arrayWithHoles {
+    println(i, value)
+  }
+
+  for i, value := range arrayWithNamedIndices {
+    println(i, value)
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/literals/func.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  f := func(x bool) {
+    println(x)
+  }
+  f(true)
+  f(false)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/literals/map.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 0 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0.1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0.2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0.3
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  type IntMap map[int]int
+  m := IntMap{0: 1, 2: 3}
+  println(m == nil)
+  println(len(m))
+  println(m[0], m[1], m[2])
+
+  f32tostr := map[float32]string{0.1: "0.1", 0.2: "0.2", 0.3: "0.3"}
+  println(f32tostr[0.1])
+  println(f32tostr[0.2])
+  println(f32tostr[0.3])
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/literals/slice.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: abc
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: abc
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  x := []string{"abc", "123"}
+  println(x[0])
+  println(x[1])
+
+  // Elements are composite literals, so the '&' can be elided.
+  type S struct{ string }
+  y := []*S{{"abc"}, {"123"}}
+  println(y[0].string)
+  println(y[1].string)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/literals/struct.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 1 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 1 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3 4
+
+package main
+
+type E struct {
+  e *E
+}
+
+type S struct {
+  *E
+  a, b int
+}
+
+type File struct {
+}
+
+type Reader struct {
+}
+
+type Response struct {
+}
+
+type reader struct {
+  *Reader
+  fd   *File
+  resp *Response
+}
+
+type Range32 struct {
+  Lo     uint32
+  Hi     uint32
+  Stride uint32
+}
+
+func main() {
+  s := &S{nil, 1, 2}
+  println(s.a, s.b)
+  s = &S{a: 1, b: 2}
+  println(s.a, s.b)
+
+  _ = &reader{}
+
+  r := Range32{
+    Lo:     0,
+    Stride: 2,
+    Hi:     1,
+  }
+  println(r.Lo, r.Hi, r.Stride)
+
+  // slice of structs
+  ss := []S{{nil, 1, 2}, {nil, 3, 4}}
+  for _, s := range ss {
+    println(s.a, s.b)
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/maps/delete.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 0
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  m := make(map[int]int)
+  delete(m, 0) // no-op
+  m[0] = 1
+  println(len(m))
+  delete(m, 1) // no-op
+  println(len(m), m[0])
+  delete(m, 0) // delete element in map
+  println(len(m), m[0])
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/maps/insert.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 456
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 789
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  {
+    var m map[int]int
+    println(len(m)) // 0
+    println(m[123]) // 0, despite map being nil
+  }
+
+  {
+    m := make(map[int]int)
+    m[123] = 456
+    println(len(m)) // 1
+    println(m[123])
+    m[123] = 789
+    println(len(m)) // 1
+    println(m[123])
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/maps/lookup.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0 false
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 true
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 true
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 true
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  m := make(map[int]int)
+  v, ok := m[8]
+  println(v, ok)
+  m[8] = 1
+  v, ok = m[8]
+  println(v, ok)
+
+  type S struct{ s1, s2 string }
+  sm := make(map[S]int)
+  sm[S{"ABC", "DEF"}] = 1
+  sv, ok := sm[S{string([]byte{65, 66, 67}), string([]byte{68, 69, 70})}]
+  println(sv, ok)
+
+  type A [2]string
+  am := make(map[A]int)
+  am[A{"ABC", "DEF"}] = 1
+  av, ok := am[A{string([]byte{65, 66, 67}), string([]byte{68, 69, 70})}]
+  println(av, ok)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/maps/range.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 5
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2 5
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: done
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  defer println("done")
+  m := make(map[int]int)
+  m[0] = 3
+  m[1] = 4
+  m[2] = 5
+  for k := range m {
+    println(k)
+  }
+  for k, _ := range m {
+    println(k)
+  }
+  for _, v := range m {
+    println(v)
+  }
+  for k, v := range m {
+    println(k, v)
+  }
+
+  // test deletion.
+  i := 0
+  for k, _ := range m {
+    i++
+    delete(m, (k+1)%3)
+    delete(m, (k+2)%3)
+  }
+  println(i)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/methods/methodvalues.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 246
+// CHECK-NEXT: T2.f()
+// CHECK-NEXT: 10
+// CHECK-NEXT: abc
+
+package main
+
+type T1 struct {
+  value int
+}
+
+func (t *T1) f(m int) int {
+  return m * t.value
+}
+
+func f1() {
+  var t T1
+  var f func(int) int = t.f
+  t.value = 2
+  println(f(123))
+}
+
+type T2 struct{}
+
+func (T2) f() {
+  println("T2.f()")
+}
+
+func f2() {
+  var f func() = T2{}.f
+  f()
+}
+
+type T3 complex128
+
+func (t T3) f() int {
+  return int(real(t))
+}
+
+func f3() {
+  var f func() int = T3(10).f
+  println(f())
+}
+
+type T4 string
+
+func (t T4) f() string {
+  return string(t)
+}
+
+func f4() {
+  var f func() string = T4("abc").f
+  println(f())
+}
+
+func main() {
+  f1()
+  f2()
+  f3()
+  f4()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/methods/nilrecv.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+
+package main
+
+type T1 int
+
+func (t *T1) t1() { println(t == nil) }
+
+func constNilRecv() {
+  (*T1)(nil).t1()
+}
+
+func nonConstNilRecv() {
+  var v1 T1
+  v1.t1()
+  var v2 *T1
+  v2.t1()
+  v2 = &v1
+  v2.t1()
+}
+
+func main() {
+  constNilRecv()
+  nonConstNilRecv()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/methods/selectors.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: F1
+// CHECK-NEXT: F2
+// CHECK-NEXT: F1
+// CHECK-NEXT: F2
+
+package main
+
+type S1 struct{}
+type S2 struct {
+  S1
+}
+
+func (s S1) F1() {
+  println("F1")
+}
+
+func (s *S2) F2() {
+  println("F2")
+}
+
+func testUnnamedStructMethods() {
+  // Test method lookup on an unnamed struct type.
+  var x struct {
+    S1
+    S2
+  }
+  x.F1()
+  x.F2()
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var s S2
+
+  // Derive pointer-receiver function.
+  f1 := (*S2).F1
+  f1(&s)
+
+  f2 := (*S2).F2
+  f2(&s)
+
+  testUnnamedStructMethods()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/new.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  x := new(int)
+  println(*x)
+  *x = 2
+  println(*x)
+  *x = *x * *x
+  println(*x)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/nil.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0x0
+// CHECK-NEXT: x is nil
+// CHECK-NEXT: y is nil
+// CHECK-NEXT: z is nil
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  var x *int = nil
+  println(x)
+
+  if x == nil {
+    println("x is nil")
+  }
+
+  var y interface{}
+  var z interface{} = y
+  if y == nil {
+    println("y is nil")
+  } else {
+    println("y is not nil")
+  }
+
+  if z == nil {
+    println("z is nil")
+  } else {
+    println("z is not nil")
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/operators/basics.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 4096
+// CHECK-NEXT: 256
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4096
+// CHECK-NEXT: 256
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65280
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 61184
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65024
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65296
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65281
+// CHECK-NEXT: 61184
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65024
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65296
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65281
+// CHECK-NEXT: -62
+// CHECK-NEXT: -246
+// CHECK-NEXT: +1.224560e+002
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 122
+// CHECK-NEXT: -124
+// CHECK-NEXT: 120
+// CHECK-NEXT: 18446744073709547520
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2147483648
+// CHECK-NEXT: 9223372036854775808
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2147483648 2147483648
+// CHECK-NEXT: 9223372036854775808 9223372036854775808
+
+package main
+
+import "unsafe"
+
+var global string
+
+var hi = 0xFF00
+var lo = 0xFF00
+
+// borrowed from math package to avoid dependency on standard library
+func float32bits(f float32) uint32 { return *(*uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&f)) }
+func float64bits(f float64) uint64 { return *(*uint64)(unsafe.Pointer(&f)) }
+
+func main() {
+  println(hi & 0x1000)
+  println(hi & 0x0100)
+  println(hi & 0x0010)
+  println(hi & 0x0001)
+  println(lo & 0x1000)
+  println(lo & 0x0100)
+  println(lo & 0x0010)
+  println(lo & 0x0001)
+  println(hi | lo)
+  println(hi ^ hi)
+  println(hi ^ lo)
+  println(lo ^ lo)
+  println(hi ^ 0x1000)
+  println(hi ^ 0x0100)
+  println(hi ^ 0x0010)
+  println(hi ^ 0x0001)
+  println(lo ^ 0x1000)
+  println(lo ^ 0x0100)
+  println(lo ^ 0x0010)
+  println(lo ^ 0x0001)
+  println(-123 >> 1)
+  println(-123 << 1)
+
+  var f float64 = 123.456
+  f--
+  println(f)
+
+  // context of '&' op is used to type the untyped lhs
+  // operand of the shift expression.
+  shift := uint(2)
+  println(uint64(0xFFFFFFFF) & (1<<shift - 1))
+  println((1<<shift - 1) & uint64(0xFFFFFFFF))
+
+  // rhs' type is converted lhs'
+  println(uint32(1) << uint64(2))
+  {
+    var _uint64 uint64
+    var _uint uint
+    x := _uint64 >> (63 - _uint)
+    if x == 2<<_uint {
+      println("!")
+    }
+  }
+
+  // There was a bug related to compound expressions involving
+  // multiple binary logical operators.
+  var a, b, c int
+  if a == 0 && (b != 0 || c != 0) {
+    println("!")
+  }
+
+  var si int = -123
+  var ui int = 123
+  println(^si)
+  println(^ui)
+  println(ui &^ 3)
+
+  // test case from math/modf.go
+  var x uint64 = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
+  var e uint = 40
+  x &^= 1<<(64-12-e) - 1
+  println(x)
+
+  // compare global to non-global
+  println(new(string) == &global)
+
+  // negative zero
+  var f32 float32
+  var f64 float64
+  var c64 complex64
+  var c128 complex128
+  f32 = -f32
+  f64 = -f64
+  c64 = -c64
+  c128 = -c128
+  println(float32bits(f32))
+  println(float64bits(f64))
+  println(float32bits(real(c64)), float32bits(imag(c64)))
+  println(float64bits(real(c128)), float64bits(imag(c128)))
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/operators/binary_untyped.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: true
+
+package main
+
+func f1(b bool) bool {
+  return b
+}
+
+func main() {
+  x := false
+  y := x
+  x = !y
+  println(x || y)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/operators/shifts.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 4294967295
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967295
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2147483647
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967294
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1073741823
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967292
+// CHECK-NEXT: 536870911
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967288
+// CHECK-NEXT: 268435455
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967280
+// CHECK-NEXT: 134217727
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967264
+// CHECK-NEXT: 67108863
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967232
+// CHECK-NEXT: 33554431
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967168
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16777215
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967040
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8388607
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294966784
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4194303
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294966272
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2097151
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294965248
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1048575
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294963200
+// CHECK-NEXT: 524287
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294959104
+// CHECK-NEXT: 262143
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294950912
+// CHECK-NEXT: 131071
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294934528
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65535
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294901760
+// CHECK-NEXT: 32767
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294836224
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16383
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294705152
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8191
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294443008
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4095
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4293918720
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2047
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4292870144
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1023
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4290772992
+// CHECK-NEXT: 511
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4286578688
+// CHECK-NEXT: 255
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4278190080
+// CHECK-NEXT: 127
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4261412864
+// CHECK-NEXT: 63
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4227858432
+// CHECK-NEXT: 31
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4160749568
+// CHECK-NEXT: 15
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4026531840
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3758096384
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3221225472
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2147483648
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4026531839
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4026531839
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2013265919
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3758096382
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1006632959
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3221225468
+// CHECK-NEXT: 503316479
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2147483640
+// CHECK-NEXT: 251658239
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967280
+// CHECK-NEXT: 125829119
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967264
+// CHECK-NEXT: 62914559
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967232
+// CHECK-NEXT: 31457279
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967168
+// CHECK-NEXT: 15728639
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294967040
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7864319
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294966784
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3932159
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294966272
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1966079
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294965248
+// CHECK-NEXT: 983039
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294963200
+// CHECK-NEXT: 491519
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294959104
+// CHECK-NEXT: 245759
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294950912
+// CHECK-NEXT: 122879
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294934528
+// CHECK-NEXT: 61439
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294901760
+// CHECK-NEXT: 30719
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294836224
+// CHECK-NEXT: 15359
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294705152
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7679
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4294443008
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3839
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4293918720
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1919
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4292870144
+// CHECK-NEXT: 959
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4290772992
+// CHECK-NEXT: 479
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4286578688
+// CHECK-NEXT: 239
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4278190080
+// CHECK-NEXT: 119
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4261412864
+// CHECK-NEXT: 59
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4227858432
+// CHECK-NEXT: 29
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4160749568
+// CHECK-NEXT: 14
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4026531840
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3758096384
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3221225472
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2147483648
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -2
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -4
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -8
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -16
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -32
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -64
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -128
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -256
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -512
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1024
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -2048
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -4096
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -8192
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -16384
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -32768
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -65536
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -131072
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -262144
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -524288
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1048576
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -2097152
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -4194304
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -8388608
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -16777216
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -33554432
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -67108864
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -134217728
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -268435456
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -536870912
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1073741824
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: -2147483648
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 32
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 64
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 128
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 256
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 512
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1024
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2048
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4096
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8192
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16384
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 32768
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65536
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 131072
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 262144
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 524288
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1048576
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2097152
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4194304
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8388608
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16777216
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 33554432
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 67108864
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 134217728
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 268435456
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 536870912
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1073741824
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: -2147483648
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+
+package main
+
+func testShrUint32(v uint32) {
+  for i := uint(0); i <= 32; i++ {
+    println(v >> i)
+    println(v << i)
+  }
+}
+
+func testShrInt32(v int32) {
+  for i := uint(0); i <= 32; i++ {
+    println(v >> i)
+    println(v << i)
+  }
+}
+
+func main() {
+  testShrUint32(0xFFFFFFFF)
+  testShrUint32(0xEFFFFFFF)
+  testShrInt32(-1)
+  testShrInt32(1)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/append.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 5
+// CHECK-NEXT: 6
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 9
+// CHECK-NEXT: 10
+// CHECK-NEXT: 11
+// CHECK-NEXT: 12
+// CHECK-NEXT: 13
+// CHECK-NEXT: 14
+// CHECK-NEXT: 15
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16
+// CHECK-NEXT: 17
+// CHECK-NEXT: 18
+// CHECK-NEXT: 19
+// CHECK-NEXT: 20
+// CHECK-NEXT: 21
+// CHECK-NEXT: 22
+// CHECK-NEXT: 23
+// CHECK-NEXT: 24
+// CHECK-NEXT: 25
+// CHECK-NEXT: 26
+// CHECK-NEXT: 27
+// CHECK-NEXT: 28
+// CHECK-NEXT: 29
+// CHECK-NEXT: 30
+// CHECK-NEXT: 31
+// CHECK-NEXT: 32
+// CHECK-NEXT: 33
+// CHECK-NEXT: 34
+// CHECK-NEXT: 35
+// CHECK-NEXT: 36
+// CHECK-NEXT: 37
+// CHECK-NEXT: 38
+// CHECK-NEXT: 39
+// CHECK-NEXT: 40
+// CHECK-NEXT: 41
+// CHECK-NEXT: 42
+// CHECK-NEXT: 43
+// CHECK-NEXT: 44
+// CHECK-NEXT: 45
+// CHECK-NEXT: 46
+// CHECK-NEXT: 47
+// CHECK-NEXT: 48
+// CHECK-NEXT: 49
+// CHECK-NEXT: 50
+// CHECK-NEXT: 51
+// CHECK-NEXT: 52
+// CHECK-NEXT: 53
+// CHECK-NEXT: 54
+// CHECK-NEXT: 55
+// CHECK-NEXT: 56
+// CHECK-NEXT: 57
+// CHECK-NEXT: 58
+// CHECK-NEXT: 59
+// CHECK-NEXT: 60
+// CHECK-NEXT: 61
+// CHECK-NEXT: 62
+// CHECK-NEXT: 63
+// CHECK-NEXT: 64
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65
+// CHECK-NEXT: 66
+// CHECK-NEXT: 67
+// CHECK-NEXT: 68
+// CHECK-NEXT: 69
+// CHECK-NEXT: 70
+// CHECK-NEXT: 71
+// CHECK-NEXT: 72
+// CHECK-NEXT: 73
+// CHECK-NEXT: 74
+// CHECK-NEXT: 75
+// CHECK-NEXT: 76
+// CHECK-NEXT: 77
+// CHECK-NEXT: 78
+// CHECK-NEXT: 79
+// CHECK-NEXT: 80
+// CHECK-NEXT: 81
+// CHECK-NEXT: 82
+// CHECK-NEXT: 83
+// CHECK-NEXT: 84
+// CHECK-NEXT: 85
+// CHECK-NEXT: 86
+// CHECK-NEXT: 87
+// CHECK-NEXT: 88
+// CHECK-NEXT: 89
+// CHECK-NEXT: 90
+// CHECK-NEXT: 91
+// CHECK-NEXT: 92
+// CHECK-NEXT: 93
+// CHECK-NEXT: 94
+// CHECK-NEXT: 95
+// CHECK-NEXT: 96
+// CHECK-NEXT: 97
+// CHECK-NEXT: 98
+// CHECK-NEXT: 99
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 5
+// CHECK-NEXT: 6
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 9
+// CHECK-NEXT: 10
+// CHECK-NEXT: 11
+// CHECK-NEXT: 12
+// CHECK-NEXT: 13
+// CHECK-NEXT: 14
+// CHECK-NEXT: 15
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16
+// CHECK-NEXT: 17
+// CHECK-NEXT: 18
+// CHECK-NEXT: 19
+// CHECK-NEXT: 20
+// CHECK-NEXT: 21
+// CHECK-NEXT: 22
+// CHECK-NEXT: 23
+// CHECK-NEXT: 24
+// CHECK-NEXT: 25
+// CHECK-NEXT: 26
+// CHECK-NEXT: 27
+// CHECK-NEXT: 28
+// CHECK-NEXT: 29
+// CHECK-NEXT: 30
+// CHECK-NEXT: 31
+// CHECK-NEXT: 32
+// CHECK-NEXT: 33
+// CHECK-NEXT: 34
+// CHECK-NEXT: 35
+// CHECK-NEXT: 36
+// CHECK-NEXT: 37
+// CHECK-NEXT: 38
+// CHECK-NEXT: 39
+// CHECK-NEXT: 40
+// CHECK-NEXT: 41
+// CHECK-NEXT: 42
+// CHECK-NEXT: 43
+// CHECK-NEXT: 44
+// CHECK-NEXT: 45
+// CHECK-NEXT: 46
+// CHECK-NEXT: 47
+// CHECK-NEXT: 48
+// CHECK-NEXT: 49
+// CHECK-NEXT: 50
+// CHECK-NEXT: 51
+// CHECK-NEXT: 52
+// CHECK-NEXT: 53
+// CHECK-NEXT: 54
+// CHECK-NEXT: 55
+// CHECK-NEXT: 56
+// CHECK-NEXT: 57
+// CHECK-NEXT: 58
+// CHECK-NEXT: 59
+// CHECK-NEXT: 60
+// CHECK-NEXT: 61
+// CHECK-NEXT: 62
+// CHECK-NEXT: 63
+// CHECK-NEXT: 64
+// CHECK-NEXT: 65
+// CHECK-NEXT: 66
+// CHECK-NEXT: 67
+// CHECK-NEXT: 68
+// CHECK-NEXT: 69
+// CHECK-NEXT: 70
+// CHECK-NEXT: 71
+// CHECK-NEXT: 72
+// CHECK-NEXT: 73
+// CHECK-NEXT: 74
+// CHECK-NEXT: 75
+// CHECK-NEXT: 76
+// CHECK-NEXT: 77
+// CHECK-NEXT: 78
+// CHECK-NEXT: 79
+// CHECK-NEXT: 80
+// CHECK-NEXT: 81
+// CHECK-NEXT: 82
+// CHECK-NEXT: 83
+// CHECK-NEXT: 84
+// CHECK-NEXT: 85
+// CHECK-NEXT: 86
+// CHECK-NEXT: 87
+// CHECK-NEXT: 88
+// CHECK-NEXT: 89
+// CHECK-NEXT: 90
+// CHECK-NEXT: 91
+// CHECK-NEXT: 92
+// CHECK-NEXT: 93
+// CHECK-NEXT: 94
+// CHECK-NEXT: 95
+// CHECK-NEXT: 96
+// CHECK-NEXT: 97
+// CHECK-NEXT: 98
+// CHECK-NEXT: 99
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: abcdef
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false false
+
+package main
+
+func stringtobytes() {
+  var b []byte
+  b = append(b, "abc"...)
+  b = append(b, "def"...)
+  println(string(b))
+}
+
+func appendnothing() {
+  var x []string
+  println(append(x) == nil)
+  x = append(x, "!")
+  println(len(append(x)) == 1)
+}
+
+func appendmulti() {
+  a := append([]bool{}, []bool{false, true, false}...)
+  b := append([]bool{}, false, true, false)
+  for i := range a {
+    println(a[i], b[i])
+  }
+}
+
+func main() {
+  x := []int{}
+  for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+    x = append(x, i)
+  }
+  for i := 0; i < len(x); i++ {
+    println(x[i])
+  }
+  y := []int{1, 2, 3}
+  x = append(x, y...)
+  for i := 0; i < len(x); i++ {
+    println(x[i])
+  }
+  stringtobytes()
+  appendnothing()
+  appendmulti()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/cap.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2 9
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3 9
+// CHECK-NEXT: 999
+// CHECK-NEXT: 999
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 2
+
+package main
+
+func test(l, c int) {
+  var s []int
+  if l != -1 {
+    if c == -1 {
+      s = make([]int, l)
+    } else {
+      s = make([]int, l, c)
+    }
+  }
+  println(len(s), cap(s))
+}
+
+func main() {
+  test(-1, -1)
+  test(0, -1)
+  test(0, 0)
+  test(1, -1)
+  test(1, 1)
+  test(1, 2)
+
+  // make sure capacity is transferred to slice
+  s := make([]int, 5, 10)
+  s1 := s[1:3]
+  println(len(s1), cap(s1))
+
+  s2 := append(s1, 999)
+  println(len(s2), cap(s2))
+  println(s2[2])
+  println(s[3])
+
+  s3 := s1[0:1:2]
+  println(len(s3), cap(s3))
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/compare.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  var s []int
+  println(s == nil)
+  println(s != nil)
+  println(nil == s)
+  println(nil != s)
+  s = make([]int, 0)
+  println(s == nil)
+  println(s != nil)
+  println(nil == s)
+  println(nil != s)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/copy.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 5
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  a := make([]int, 10)
+  b := make([]int, 10)
+  for i, _ := range b {
+    b[i] = 1
+  }
+  println(copy(a[:5], b)) // expect 5
+  println(a[5])           // expect 0
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/index.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0
+
+package main
+
+func blah() []int {
+  return make([]int, 1)
+}
+
+func main() {
+  println(blah()[0])
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/literal.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  x := []int{1, 2, 3}
+  for i := 0; i < len(x); i++ {
+    println(x[i])
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/make.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 5 666
+// CHECK-NEXT: 6 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 9 0
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  x := make([]int, 10)
+  x[5] = 666
+  for i, val := range x {
+    println(i, val)
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/slices/sliceexpr.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: a
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: b
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: c
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: d
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3 4
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  x := []int{1, 2, 3, 4}
+  println("a")
+  for i, val := range x[1:3] {
+    println(i, val)
+  }
+  println("b")
+  for i, val := range x[2:] {
+    println(i, val)
+  }
+  println("c")
+  for i, val := range x[:2] {
+    println(i, val)
+  }
+  println("d")
+  for i, val := range x[:] {
+    println(i, val)
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/add.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 3 3 6
+// CHECK-NEXT: abc123
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  a := "abc"
+  b := "123"
+  c := a + b
+  println(len(a), len(b), len(c))
+  println(c)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/bytes.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: testBytesConversion: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: 97
+// CHECK-NEXT: 98
+// CHECK-NEXT: 99
+// CHECK-NEXT: abc
+// CHECK-NEXT: !bc
+// CHECK-NEXT: testBytesCopy: true
+
+package main
+
+type namedByte byte
+
+func testBytesConversion() {
+  s := "abc"
+  b := []byte(s)
+  println("testBytesConversion:", s == string(b))
+  nb := []namedByte(s)
+  for _, v := range nb {
+    println(v)
+  }
+  b[0] = '!'
+  println(s)
+  s = string(b)
+  b[0] = 'a'
+  println(s)
+}
+
+func testBytesCopy() {
+  s := "abc"
+  b := make([]byte, len(s))
+  copy(b, s)
+  println("testBytesCopy:", string(b) == s)
+}
+
+func main() {
+  testBytesConversion()
+  testBytesCopy()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/compare.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  x := "abc"
+  y := "def"
+  z := "abcd"
+
+  println(x == x) // true
+  println(x == y) // false
+  println(x != x) // false
+  println(x != y) // true
+  println(x < x)  // false
+  println(x < y)  // true
+  println(y < x)  // false
+  println(x > x)  // false
+  println(x > y)  // false
+  println(y > x)  // true
+
+  println(x == z) // false
+  println(z == x) // false
+  println(x < z)  // true
+  println(x > z)  // false
+  println(z < x)  // false
+  println(z > x)  // true
+
+  println(x <= x) // true
+  println(x <= y) // true
+  println(x >= x) // true
+  println(y >= x) // true
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/index.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 97 98 99
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  s := "abc"
+  println(s[0], s[1], s[2])
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/range.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0 46 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 46
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 169 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 169
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 8364 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 8364
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 66560 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 66560
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 83 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 97 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2 108 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3 101 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4 32 5
+// CHECK-NEXT: 5 112 6
+// CHECK-NEXT: 6 114 7
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7 105 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8 99 9
+// CHECK-NEXT: 9 101 10
+// CHECK-NEXT: 10 58 11
+// CHECK-NEXT: 11 32 12
+// CHECK-NEXT: 12 8364 13
+// CHECK-NEXT: 15 48 14
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16 46 15
+// CHECK-NEXT: 17 57 16
+// CHECK-NEXT: 18 57 17
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 83
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1 97
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2 108
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3 101
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4 32
+// CHECK-NEXT: 5 112
+// CHECK-NEXT: 6 114
+// CHECK-NEXT: 7 105
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8 99
+// CHECK-NEXT: 9 101
+// CHECK-NEXT: 10 58
+// CHECK-NEXT: 11 32
+// CHECK-NEXT: 12 8364
+// CHECK-NEXT: 15 48
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16 46
+// CHECK-NEXT: 17 57
+// CHECK-NEXT: 18 57
+
+package main
+
+func printchars(s string) {
+  var x int
+  for i, c := range s {
+    // test loop-carried dependence (x++), introducing a Phi node
+    x++
+    println(i, c, x)
+  }
+
+  // now test with plain old assignment
+  var i int
+  var c rune
+  for i, c = range s {
+    println(i, c)
+    if i == len(s)-1 {
+      // test multiple branches to loop header
+      continue
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+func main() {
+  // 1 bytes
+  printchars(".")
+
+  // 2 bytes
+  printchars("©")
+
+  // 3 bytes
+  printchars("€")
+
+  // 4 bytes
+  printchars("𐐀")
+
+  // mixed
+  printchars("Sale price: €0.99")
+
+  // TODO add test cases for invalid sequences
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/runetostring.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: test( 46 )
+// CHECK-NEXT: .
+// CHECK-NEXT: 46
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 46
+// CHECK-NEXT: test( 169 )
+// CHECK-NEXT: ©
+// CHECK-NEXT: 194
+// CHECK-NEXT: 169
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 169
+// CHECK-NEXT: test( 8364 )
+// CHECK-NEXT: €
+// CHECK-NEXT: 226
+// CHECK-NEXT: 130
+// CHECK-NEXT: 172
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 8364
+// CHECK-NEXT: test( 66560 )
+// CHECK-NEXT: 𐐀
+// CHECK-NEXT: 240
+// CHECK-NEXT: 144
+// CHECK-NEXT: 144
+// CHECK-NEXT: 128
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0 66560
+// CHECK-NEXT: .©€𐐀
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4 4 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+
+package main
+
+func test(r rune) {
+  println("test(", r, ")")
+  s := string(r)
+  println(s)
+  for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
+    println(s[i])
+  }
+  for i, r := range s {
+    println(i, r)
+  }
+}
+
+type namedRune rune
+
+func testslice(r1 []rune) {
+  s := string(r1)
+  println(s)
+  r2 := []rune(s)
+  r3 := []namedRune(s)
+  println(len(r1), len(r2), len(r3))
+  if len(r2) == len(r1) && len(r3) == len(r1) {
+    for i := range r2 {
+      println(r1[i] == r2[i])
+      println(r1[i] == rune(r3[i]))
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var runes = []rune{'.', '©', '€', '𐐀'}
+  test(runes[0])
+  test(runes[1])
+  test(runes[2])
+  test(runes[3])
+  testslice(runes)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/strings/slice.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: abcdef
+// CHECK-NEXT: bcdef
+// CHECK-NEXT: abc
+// CHECK-NEXT: bcd
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  s := "abcdef"
+  println(s[:])
+  println(s[1:])
+  println(s[:3])
+  println(s[1:4])
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/structs/compare.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+
+package main
+
+type S0 struct{}
+
+type S1 struct {
+  a int
+}
+
+type S2 struct {
+  a, b int
+}
+
+func testS0() {
+  println(S0{} == S0{})
+  println(S0{} != S0{})
+}
+
+func testS1() {
+  println(S1{1} == S1{1})
+  println(S1{1} != S1{1})
+  println(S1{1} == S1{2})
+  println(S1{1} != S1{2})
+}
+
+func testS2() {
+  s1 := S2{1, 2}
+  s2 := S2{1, 3}
+  println(s1 == s1)
+  println(s1 == s2)
+  println(s1 != s1)
+  println(s1 != s2)
+}
+
+func main() {
+  testS0()
+  testS1()
+  testS2()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/structs/embed.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: A.test 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: A.testA
+// CHECK-NEXT: A.testA2
+// CHECK-NEXT: B.test 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: A.testA
+// CHECK-NEXT: A.testA2
+// CHECK-NEXT: A.testA
+
+package main
+
+type A struct{ aval int }
+
+func (a *A) test() {
+  println("A.test", a.aval)
+}
+
+func (a *A) testA() {
+  println("A.testA")
+}
+
+func (a A) testA2() {
+  println("A.testA2")
+}
+
+type B struct {
+  A
+  bval int
+}
+
+func (b B) test() {
+  println("B.test", b.bval)
+}
+
+type C struct {
+  *B
+  cval int
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var b B
+  b.aval = 1
+  b.bval = 2
+  b.A.test()
+  b.A.testA()
+  b.A.testA2()
+  b.test()
+  b.testA()
+  b.testA2()
+
+  var c C
+  c.B = &b
+  c.cval = 3
+  c.testA()
+  //c.testA2()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/switch/branch.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: true
+// CHECK-NEXT: false
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  switch true {
+  default:
+    break
+    println("default")
+  }
+
+  switch true {
+  case true:
+    println("true")
+    fallthrough
+  case false:
+    println("false")
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/switch/default.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: default
+// CHECK-NEXT: true
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  switch true {
+  default:
+    println("default")
+  }
+
+  switch {
+  default:
+    println("default")
+  case true:
+    println("true")
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/switch/empty.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: f was called
+
+package main
+
+func f() int {
+  println("f was called")
+  return 123
+}
+
+func main() {
+  switch f() {
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/switch/scope.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  // case clauses have their own scope.
+  switch {
+  case true, false:
+    x := 1
+    println(x)
+    fallthrough
+  default:
+    x := 2
+    println(x)
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/switch/strings.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: abc
+// CHECK-NEXT: def, abc
+
+package main
+
+func main() {
+  switch "abc" {
+  case "def":
+    println("def")
+  case "abc":
+    println("abc")
+  }
+
+  switch "abc" {
+  case "def", "abc":
+    println("def, abc")
+  }
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/switch/type.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: int64 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: default
+// CHECK-NEXT: uint8 or int8
+// CHECK-NEXT: uint8 or int8
+// CHECK-NEXT: N
+
+package main
+
+func test(i interface{}) {
+  switch x := i.(type) {
+  case int64:
+    println("int64", x)
+  // FIXME
+  //case string:
+  //  println("string", x)
+  default:
+    println("default")
+  }
+}
+
+type stringer interface {
+  String() string
+}
+
+func printany(i interface{}) {
+  switch v := i.(type) {
+  case nil:
+    print("nil", v)
+  case stringer:
+    print(v.String())
+  case error:
+    print(v.Error())
+  case int:
+    print(v)
+  case string:
+    print(v)
+  }
+}
+
+func multi(i interface{}) {
+  switch i.(type) {
+  case uint8, int8:
+    println("uint8 or int8")
+  default:
+    println("something else")
+  }
+}
+
+type N int
+
+func (n N) String() string { return "N" }
+
+func named() {
+  var x interface{} = N(123)
+  switch x := x.(type) {
+  case N:
+    // Test for bug: previously, type switch was
+    // assigning underlying type of N (int).
+    println(x.String())
+  }
+}
+
+func main() {
+  test(int64(123))
+  test("abc")
+  multi(uint8(123))
+  multi(int8(123))
+  named()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/types/named.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 24
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16
+// CHECK-NEXT: 0
+
+package main
+
+import "unsafe"
+
+func f1() {
+  type T struct {
+    a, b, c int
+  }
+  var t T
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(t))
+}
+
+func f2() {
+  type T interface{}
+  var t T
+  t = 1
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(t))
+}
+
+func f3() {
+  type T struct{}
+  var t T
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(t))
+}
+
+func main() {
+  f1()
+  f2()
+  f3()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/types/recursive.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+
+package main
+
+type T1 *T1
+
+func count(t T1) int {
+  if t == nil {
+    return 1
+  }
+  return 1 + count(*t)
+}
+
+func testSelfPointer() {
+  var a T1
+  var b T1
+  var c T1 = &b
+  *c = &a
+  println(count(c))
+  println(count(&c))
+}
+
+func main() {
+  testSelfPointer()
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/unsafe/const_sizeof.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+
+package main
+
+import "unsafe"
+
+const ptrSize = unsafe.Sizeof((*byte)(nil))
+
+var x [ptrSize]int
+
+func main() {
+  println(ptrSize)
+  println(len(x))
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/unsafe/offsetof.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 0
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16
+
+package main
+
+import "unsafe"
+
+type S struct {
+  a int16
+  b int32
+  c int8
+  d int64
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var s S
+  println(unsafe.Offsetof(s.a))
+  println(unsafe.Offsetof(s.b))
+  println(unsafe.Offsetof(s.c))
+  println(unsafe.Offsetof(s.d))
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/unsafe/pointer.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 456
+
+package main
+
+import "unsafe"
+
+func main() {
+  var i [2]int
+  i[0] = 123
+  i[1] = 456
+  ptr := &i[0]
+  println(*ptr)
+  ptr_i := unsafe.Pointer(ptr)
+  ptr_i = unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(ptr_i) + unsafe.Sizeof(i[0]))
+  ptr = (*int)(ptr_i)
+  println(*ptr)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/unsafe/sizeof_array.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 12
+
+package main
+
+import "unsafe"
+
+type uint24 struct {
+  a uint16
+  b uint8
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var a [3]uint24
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(a))
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/unsafe/sizeof_basic.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16
+// CHECK-NEXT: 16
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+// CHECK-NEXT: 8
+
+package main
+
+import "unsafe"
+
+func main() {
+  var b bool
+  var i int
+  var i8 int8
+  var i16 int16
+  var i32 int32
+  var i64 int64
+  var u uint
+  var u8 uint8
+  var u16 uint16
+  var u32 uint32
+  var u64 uint64
+  var f32 float32
+  var f64 float64
+  var c64 complex64
+  var c128 complex128
+  var s string
+  var p unsafe.Pointer
+  var up uintptr
+
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(b))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(i))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(i8))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(i16))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(i32))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(i64))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(u))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(u8))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(u16))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(u32))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(u64))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(f32))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(f64))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(c64))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(c128))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(s))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(p))
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(up))
+
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(b))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(i))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(i8))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(i16))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(i32))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(i64))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(u))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(u8))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(u16))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(u32))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(u64))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(f32))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(f64))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(c64))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(c128))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(s))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(p))
+  println(unsafe.Alignof(up))
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/unsafe/sizeof_struct.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 24
+
+package main
+
+import "unsafe"
+
+type a struct {
+  a int16
+  b int32
+  c int8
+  d int64
+}
+
+func main() {
+  println(unsafe.Sizeof(a{}))
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/var.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: woobie
+// CHECK-NEXT: 579 456
+// CHECK-NEXT: 12 +3.450000e+000
+// CHECK-NEXT: -1
+
+package main
+
+func Blah() int {
+  println("woobie")
+  return 123
+}
+
+func F1() (int, float64) {
+  return 12, 3.45
+}
+
+var X = Y + Blah() // == 579
+var Y = 123 + Z    // == 456
+
+var X1, Y1 = F1()
+
+const (
+  _ = 333 * iota
+  Z
+)
+
+var I interface{} = -1
+var I1 = I.(int)
+
+func main() {
+  println(X, Y)
+  println(X1, Y1)
+  println(I1)
+}

tools/llgo/test/execution/varargs.go

+// RUN: llgo -o %t %s
+// RUN: %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
+// CHECK: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 456
+// CHECK-NEXT: 789
+// CHECK-NEXT: 4
+// CHECK-NEXT: 123
+// CHECK-NEXT: 456
+// CHECK-NEXT: 789
+// CHECK-NEXT: 101112
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+// CHECK-NEXT: 1
+// CHECK-NEXT: 2
+// CHECK-NEXT: 3
+
+package main
+
+func p(i ...int) {
+  println(len(i))
+  for j := 0; j < len(i); j++ {
+    println(i[j])
+  }
+}
+
+func main() {
+  p(123, 456, 789)
+  p(123, 456, 789, 101112)
+  p([]int{1, 2, 3}...)
+}

tools/llgo/test/gllgo/dead.go

+// RUN: llgo -O0 -S -o - %s | FileCheck %s
+
+package gotest
+
+// CHECK-NOT: deadfunc
+func deadfunc()

tools/llgo/test/irgen/mangling.go

+// RUN: llgo -fgo-pkgpath=llvm.org/llvm -S -emit-llvm -o - %s | FileCheck %s
+
+package llvm
+
+// CHECK: @llvm_org_llvm.F
+func F() {
+}

tools/llgo/test/lit.cfg

+import lit.formats
+import os
+import sys
+
+config.name = 'llgo'
+config.suffixes = ['.go']
+config.test_format = lit.formats.ShTest()
+config.test_source_root = config.llvm_src_root + '/tools/llgo/test'
+config.test_exec_root = config.llvm_obj_root + '/tools/llgo/test'
+config.excludes = ['Inputs']
+
+config.substitutions.append((r"\bllgo\b", config.llvm_obj_root + '/bin/llgo -static-libgo'))
+config.substitutions.append((r"\bFileCheck\b", config.llvm_obj_root + '/bin/FileCheck'))
+config.substitutions.append((r"\bcount\b", config.llvm_obj_root + '/bin/count'))
+config.substitutions.append((r"\bnot\b", config.llvm_obj_root + '/bin/not'))

tools/llgo/test/lit.site.cfg.in

+config.llvm_src_root = "@LLVM_SOURCE_DIR@"
+config.llvm_obj_root = "@LLVM_BINARY_DIR@"
+
+lit_config.load_config(config, "@CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR@/lit.cfg")

tools/llgo/update_third_party.sh

+#!/bin/sh -e
+
+gofrontendrepo=https://code.google.com/p/gofrontend
+gofrontendrev=82f97044669e
+
+gccrepo=svn://gcc.gnu.org/svn/gcc/trunk
+gccrev=216268
+
+gotoolsrepo=https://code.google.com/p/go.tools
+gotoolsrev=40c49f5c2b64
+
+tempdir=$(mktemp -d /tmp/update_third_party.XXXXXX)
+gofrontenddir=$tempdir/gofrontend
+gotoolsdir=$tempdir/go.tools
+
+rm -rf third_party
+mkdir -p third_party/gofrontend third_party/go.tools
+
+# --------------------- gofrontend ---------------------
+
+hg clone -r $gofrontendrev $gofrontendrepo $gofrontenddir
+
+cp -r $gofrontenddir/LICENSE $gofrontenddir/libgo third_party/gofrontend
+
+# Apply a diff that eliminates use of the unnamed struct extension beyond what
+# -fms-extensions supports.
+(cd third_party/gofrontend && patch -p1) < libgo-noext.diff
+
+# Remove GPL licensed files.
+rm \
+  third_party/gofrontend/libgo/testsuite/libgo.testmain/testmain.exp \
+  third_party/gofrontend/libgo/testsuite/lib/libgo.exp \
+  third_party/gofrontend/libgo/testsuite/config/default.exp
+
+# --------------------- gcc ---------------------
+
+# Some dependencies are stored in the gcc repository.
+# TODO(pcc): Ask iant about mirroring these dependencies into gofrontend.
+
+mkdir -p third_party/gofrontend/include third_party/gofrontend/libgcc
+for f in config.guess config-ml.in config.sub depcomp \
+  install-sh ltmain.sh missing move-if-change \
+  include/dwarf2.def include/dwarf2.h libgcc/unwind-pe.h ; do
+  svn cat -r $gccrev $gccrepo/$f > third_party/gofrontend/$f
+done
+
+# Avoid pulling in a bunch of unneeded gcc headers.
+echo "#define IS_ABSOLUTE_PATH(path) ((path)[0] == '/')" \
+  > third_party/gofrontend/include/filenames.h
+
+for d in libbacktrace libffi ; do
+  svn export -r $gccrev $gccrepo/$d third_party/gofrontend/$d
+done
+
+# Remove GPL licensed files.
+rm \
+  third_party/gofrontend/libffi/msvcc.sh \
+  third_party/gofrontend/libffi/testsuite/lib/libffi.exp \
+  third_party/gofrontend/libffi/testsuite/libffi.call/call.exp \
+  third_party/gofrontend/libffi/testsuite/libffi.special/special.exp \
+  third_party/gofrontend/libffi/testsuite/config/default.exp
+
+# --------------------- go.tools ---------------------
+
+hg clone -r $gotoolsrev $gotoolsrepo $gotoolsdir
+
+cp -r $gotoolsdir/* third_party/go.tools
+
+# Vendor the go.tools repository.
+find third_party/go.tools -name '*.go' | xargs sed -i -e \
+  's,"golang.org/x/tools/,"llvm.org/llgo/third_party/go.tools/,g'
+
+# Until the version skew between the "go" tool and the compiler is resolved,
+# we patch out Go 1.4 specific code in go.tools.
+sed -i -e '/go1\.4/ d' third_party/go.tools/go/exact/go13.go
+rm third_party/go.tools/go/exact/go14.go
+
+rm -rf $tempdir

tools/llgo/utils/benchcomp/README

+These are some quick and dirty tools for measuring the performance impact
+of a change to llgo by sampling the results of running the libgo benchmark
+suite. They can be used to calculate the geo-mean and 95% confidence interval
+using the Student's t-test. The benchcomp program massages the output of the
+Go benchmark tools into a form that can be read by the R program analyze.R
+which runs the statistics.
+
+To use, clpatch this into gofrontend:
+https://codereview.appspot.com/103550047/
+
+then run:
+
+make
+make -C workdir/gofrontend_build/libgo-stage1 bench 2>&1 | tee before.out
+# make changes
+make
+make -C workdir/gofrontend_build/libgo-stage1 bench 2>&1 | tee after.out
+utils/benchcomp/benchcomp benchns before.out after.out | R -f utils/benchcomp/analyze.R
+
+The results should be displayed on stdout.

tools/llgo/utils/benchcomp/analyze.R

+sc <- read.table(file('stdin'))
+scratio <- sc$V2 / sc$V3
+scratio <- scratio[scratio > 0]
+
+# Take the log of the ratio. Our null hypothesis is a normal distribution
+# around zero.
+tt <- t.test(log(scratio))
+tt
+
+# This gives us the geo-mean as we are taking the exponent of the linear mean
+# of logarithms.
+1 - 1/exp(tt$estimate)
+
+# Likewise for the confidence interval.
+1 - 1/exp(tt$conf.int)

tools/llgo/utils/benchcomp/main.go

+package main
+
+import (
+  "bufio"
+  "debug/elf"
+  "fmt"
+  "os"
+  "strconv"
+  "strings"
+)
+
+func symsizes(path string) map[string]float64 {
+  m := make(map[string]float64)
+  f, err := elf.Open(path)
+  if err != nil {
+    panic(err.Error())
+  }
+  syms, err := f.Symbols()
+  if err != nil {
+    panic(err.Error())
+  }
+  for _, sym := range syms {
+    if sym.Section < elf.SectionIndex(len(f.Sections)) && f.Sections[sym.Section].Name == ".text" {
+      m[sym.Name] = float64(sym.Size)
+    }
+  }
+  return m
+}
+
+func benchnums(path, stat string) map[string]float64 {
+  m := make(map[string]float64)
+
+  fh, err := os.Open(path)
+  if err != nil {
+    panic(err.Error())
+  }
+
+  scanner := bufio.NewScanner(fh)
+  for scanner.Scan() {
+    elems := strings.Split(scanner.Text(), "\t")
+    if !strings.HasPrefix(elems[0], "Benchmark") || len(elems) < 3 {
+      continue
+    }
+    var s string
+    for _, elem := range elems[2:] {
+      selems := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(elem), " ")
+      if selems[1] == stat {
+        s = selems[0]
+      }
+    }
+    if s != "" {
+      ns, err := strconv.ParseFloat(s, 64)
+      if err != nil {
+        panic(scanner.Text() + " ---- " + err.Error())
+      }
+      m[elems[0]] = ns
+    }
+  }
+
+  if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
+    panic(err)
+  }
+
+  return m
+}
+
+func main() {
+  var cmp func(string) map[string]float64
+  switch os.Args[1] {
+  case "symsizes":
+    cmp = symsizes
+
+  case "benchns":
+    cmp = func(path string) map[string]float64 {
+      return benchnums(path, "ns/op")
+    }
+
+  case "benchallocs":
+    cmp = func(path string) map[string]float64 {
+      return benchnums(path, "allocs/op")
+    }
+  }
+
+  syms1 := cmp(os.Args[2])
+  syms2 := cmp(os.Args[3])
+
+  for n, z1 := range syms1 {
+    if z2, ok := syms2[n]; ok && z2 != 0 {
+      fmt.Printf("%s %f %f %f\n", n, z1, z2, z1/z2)
+    }
+  }
+}

tools/llvm-go/llvm-go.go

 )
 
 type pkg struct {
   llvmpath, pkgpath string
 }
 
 var packages = []pkg{
   {"bindings/go/llvm", "llvm.org/llvm/bindings/go/llvm"},
+  {"tools/llgo", "llvm.org/llgo"},
 }
 
 type compilerFlags struct {
   cpp, cxx, ld string
 }
 
 var components = []string{
   "all-targets",

 #cgo LDFLAGS: %s
 */
 import "C"
 
 type (run_build_sh int)
 `, flags.cpp, flags.cxx, flags.ld)
 }
 
-func runGoWithLLVMEnv(args []string, cc, cxx, cppflags, cxxflags, ldflags string) {
+func runGoWithLLVMEnv(args []string, cc, cxx, llgo, cppflags, cxxflags, ldflags string) {
   args = addTag(args, "byollvm")
 
   srcdir := llvmConfig("--src-root")
 
   tmpgopath, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "gopath")
   if err != nil {
     panic(err.Error())
   }
 
   for _, p := range packages {
     path := filepath.Join(tmpgopath, "src", p.pkgpath)
     err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(path), os.ModePerm)
     if err != nil {
       panic(err.Error())
     }
 
     err = os.Symlink(filepath.Join(srcdir, p.llvmpath), path)
     if err != nil {
       panic(err.Error())
     }
   }
 
+  newpath := os.Getenv("PATH")
+
+  if llgo != "" {
+    bindir := filepath.Join(tmpgopath, "bin")
+
+    err = os.MkdirAll(bindir, os.ModePerm)
+    if err != nil {
+      panic(err.Error())
+    }
+
+    err = os.Symlink(llgo, filepath.Join(bindir, "gccgo"))
+    if err != nil {
+      panic(err.Error())
+    }
+
+    newpathlist := []string{bindir}
+    newpathlist = append(newpathlist, filepath.SplitList(newpath)...)
+    newpath = strings.Join(newpathlist, string(filepath.ListSeparator))
+
+    args = append([]string{args[0], "-compiler", "gccgo"}, args[1:]...)
+  }
+
   newgopathlist := []string{tmpgopath}
   newgopathlist = append(newgopathlist, filepath.SplitList(os.Getenv("GOPATH"))...)
   newgopath := strings.Join(newgopathlist, string(filepath.ListSeparator))
 
   flags := llvmFlags()
 
   newenv := []string{
     "CC=" + cc,
     "CXX=" + cxx,
     "CGO_CPPFLAGS=" + flags.cpp + " " + cppflags,
     "CGO_CXXFLAGS=" + flags.cxx + " " + cxxflags,
     "CGO_LDFLAGS=" + flags.ld + " " + ldflags,
     "GOPATH=" + newgopath,
+    "PATH=" + newpath,
   }
   for _, v := range os.Environ() {
     if !strings.HasPrefix(v, "CC=") &&
       !strings.HasPrefix(v, "CXX=") &&
       !strings.HasPrefix(v, "CGO_CPPFLAGS=") &&
       !strings.HasPrefix(v, "CGO_CXXFLAGS=") &&
       !strings.HasPrefix(v, "CGO_LDFLAGS=") &&
-      !strings.HasPrefix(v, "GOPATH=") {
+      !strings.HasPrefix(v, "GOPATH=") &&
+      !strings.HasPrefix(v, "PATH=") {
       newenv = append(newenv, v)
     }
   }
 
   gocmdpath, err := exec.LookPath("go")
   if err != nil {
     panic(err.Error())
   }

 }
 
 func main() {
   cc := os.Getenv("CC")
   cxx := os.Getenv("CXX")
   cppflags := os.Getenv("CGO_CPPFLAGS")
   cxxflags := os.Getenv("CGO_CXXFLAGS")
   ldflags := os.Getenv("CGO_LDFLAGS")
+  llgo := ""
 
   args := os.Args[1:]
   DONE: for {
     switch {
     case len(args) == 0:
       usage()
     case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "cc="):
       cc = args[0][3:]
       args = args[1:]
     case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "cxx="):
       cxx = args[0][4:]
       args = args[1:]
+    case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "llgo="):
+      llgo = args[0][5:]
+      args = args[1:]
     case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "cppflags="):
       cppflags = args[0][9:]
       args = args[1:]
     case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "cxxflags="):
       cxxflags = args[0][9:]
       args = args[1:]
     case strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "ldflags="):
       ldflags = args[0][8:]
       args = args[1:]
     default:
       break DONE
     }
   }
 
   switch args[0] {
   case "build", "get", "install", "run", "test":
-    runGoWithLLVMEnv(args, cc, cxx, cppflags, cxxflags, ldflags)
+    runGoWithLLVMEnv(args, cc, cxx, llgo, cppflags, cxxflags, ldflags)
   case "print-components":
     printComponents()
   case "print-config":
     printConfig()
   default:
     usage()
   }
 }