[libc++] [P0202] constexpr set_union, set_difference, set_symmetric_difference, merge

[• Quuxplusone]

Summary

These had been waiting on the ability to use std::copy from constexpr code (which in turn had been waiting on the ability to use is_constant_evaluated() to switch between memmove and non-memmove implementations of std::copy). That work landed a while ago, so these algorithms can all be constexpr in C++20 now.

While I'm in the area, update the tests. (This part has scope-crept a ton.)

According to my research, here are the remaining algorithms that P0202+P0879 marked "constexpr," which are still not implemented as "constexpr" by libc++. We'd have to implement these before we could advertise the __cpp_lib_constexpr_algorithms feature-test macro:

reverse partition sort nth_element next_permutation prev_permutation
push_heap pop_heap make_heap sort_heap partial_sort partial_sort_copy

[zoecarver]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge.pass.cpp

62

I think the previous version was a bit easier to read. Especially if we have a dozen assertions in some test function, we can't use this method, and in my opinion, it would be better to make these uniforms.

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/includes/includes_comp.pass.cpp

25–26

Can we make this test constexpr too?

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/set.difference/set_difference.pass.cpp

29

What I'd really like to do is rather than adding a test_constexpr function, simply modify the existing "test" function to be constexpr and return true at the end. If there's an assertion that fires while the constexpr is being evaluated, it will no longer be a valid constexpr and therefore will fail to compile. I think we agreed we should (as much as possible) try to have the same tests for constexpr and non-constexpr.

[• Quuxplusone]

Address review comments on constexprifying includes*.pass.cpp, and on assert(X); return true; versus return X;.

[• Quuxplusone]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/includes/includes_comp.pass.cpp

25–26

It turns out that we can! So in the latest revision of this PR, I'm proposing that in the specific case of std::includes, we can eliminate test_constexpr and do everything in test.

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/set.difference/set_difference.pass.cpp

29

Yes, we should try to have the same tests run for constexpr and non-constexpr. My nod to that in this PR is to have all the main routines call both assert(test_constexpr()) and static_assert(test_constexpr()). In general I didn't mess with the existing non-constexpr tests, except to change the _comp versions to pass a non-default comparator.

The stumbling block for messing with the existing non-constexpr tests is that we have to be careful not to break them in C++03 mode, which means no C++11-isms.

The existing tests also leave a lot to be desired — e.g. they don't test at all with non-trivially-copyable types — so I was also semi-consciously operating in the mode of "Someone will have to fix these tests later, but it doesn't have to be me right now." ;) I suppose I could scope-creep this PR to "rewrite all the set-combination-algo tests at the same time," and/or volunteer to write a followup PR for that.

(But if we're going to rewrite the set-algo tests, we should do it not before landing the missing constexpr set algos that are included in this PR. I don't want a period where the set_union tests have to look gratuitously different from the set_intersection tests. So rewriting the tests should happen either in this PR right here, or in a followup, but not in a prerequisite.)

[zoecarver]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/includes/includes_comp.pass.cpp

25–26

This is great! Let's do this for all the tests.

57

Why is this needed?

89

There's no reason to assert here. The only reason we static_assert in the other one is to force constant evaluation.

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/set.difference/set_difference.pass.cpp

29

The stumbling block for messing with the existing non-constexpr tests is that we have to be careful not to break them in C++03 mode, which means no C++11-isms.

What C++11-isms are you getting stuck on?

IMHO the tests for this patch should be pretty simple. I think it would be great to improve the tests as you suggested, but I agree, that doesn't need to be part of this patch. I think/hope you can just follow the model in includes.pass.cpp. There's no regression for non-constexpr and we're testing the same thing in both "modes."

[• Quuxplusone]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/includes/includes_comp.pass.cpp

25–26

Well, look at the existing "merge.pass.cpp" for example. It's extremely silly. The test for std::includes was really the one special case, where the existing test (was still very silly, but) happened to be constexpr-friendly already.

57

Suppose we remove the guard. And suppose we compile this file as C++14. Then, do_tests is marked constexpr, but it unconditionally calls test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>>(), which never returns a compile-time-constant result. My understanding of C++ formalities is that this would make it IFNDR.

Adding the bool parameter makes it probably not IFNDR, since now there's a compile-time-constant path through this function even in C++14.

Constexpr is a huge pain. :P

[curdeius]

Could you please update the status page together with the corresponding note (https://libcxx.llvm.org/docs/Cxx2aStatus.html#note-p0202)?

[zoecarver]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/includes/includes_comp.pass.cpp

25–26

What about merge.pass.cpp isn't constexpr friendly? The only thing I see is std::reverse which we should make constexpr anyway, maybe as part of this patch or a different patch that lands before this one. Otherwise, maybe it makes sense to just write out std::reverse inline.

57

I see what you're getting at. std::includes is marked as _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX17 so let's change TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX14 to TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 (or whatever the equivalent is).

[• Quuxplusone]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge.pass.cpp

74–75

@zoecarver: "What about merge.pass.cpp isn't constexpr-friendly?" The use of std::shuffle here, and also perhaps new and delete. ;)

[• Quuxplusone]

Update the docs.
Make another adjustment to the constexpr stuff in "includes.pass.cpp"; re-upload the diff to poke the buildbot.

[curdeius]

libcxx/docs/Cxx2aStatusPaperStatus.csv

7

Version ?

[zoecarver]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge.pass.cpp

74–75

OK, let's make this a fixed-size array so we don't have the new/delete. I don't think there's any reason we need this test to run on 100000 elements.

We could simply replace std::shuffle with:

for (auto i = n-1; i > 0; --i)
  swap(ic[i], ic[randomness() % (i+1)]);

I know this requires a bit of test modification, but I think this is the way we should try to do these tests.

Or, better yet, we could add a test utility random engine that is constexpr.

[• Quuxplusone]

Updated set_intersection.pass.cpp and set_intersection_comp.pass.cpp to perform all the tests as constexpr in C++20. @zoecarver, I propose to rewrite all of the set-algo tests (union, difference, symmetric_difference, merge) in this same way, using this same small test input, using these custom Trivial and NonTrivial class types. Thoughts?

[ldionne]

I'm fine with the current testing approach, if there's a commitment to go back and use the same tests for both constexpr and non-constexpr after the fact. There's a few algorithms that contain tests using <random> -- those can be split off to a separate function and run in the runtime context only.

Personally, my approach would have been to do the groundwork and make the tests constexpr friendly first, and then submit a patch to actually run them in constexpr context. If you want to proceed the other way around, I'm fine with that. But the test coverage for constexpr algorithms can't be as naive as it is in this patch.

[• Quuxplusone]

• Finished updating all the tests.
• Drive-by update the comment-synopsis in <algorithm> to match what's implemented so far. The one in <numeric> is already up-to-date.

I am no longer "planning changes" on this PR; this is what I'd propose to land, if it meets with approval.

[zoecarver]

Thanks for all the test overhaul! Probably better done as a follow-up patch, but this format will make it easier to add move-only tests.

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge.pass.cpp

48

Why do we divide this by 10? Let's make these tests as simple as possible.

Nit: no friend, no pass-by-reference.

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge_comp.pass.cpp

9

What happened to all the other unsupported compilers?

44

Can we put these all into a header?

61

I think these will work in C++03.

[• Quuxplusone]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge.pass.cpp

48

Because we want to be able to treat 41 and 42 as "the same" for purposes of set merging, but then distinguish them in lexicographical_compare, to verify that they got merged in the proper order. (E.g., the set_union tests verify that indeed set_union is not commutative.)

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge_comp.pass.cpp

9

// UNSUPPORTED: clang-8 was good enough for ee95c7020cebe4668a501f24305a76a044df5266, so I expect it's also good enough here.

I strongly suspect that the test harness somehow knows that UNSUPPORTED: clang-8 implies UNSUPPORTED: clang-7 and so on.
I have no particular explanation for what's the deal with apple-clang-9, apple-clang-10.
Alternatively, it's possible that no buildbot runs clang-7 anymore?

44

We could, but they're small enough that I think that could wait until we want to use them elsewhere.

Also, note that the classes in the comparator tests are deliberately not <-comparable, just to verify that we never accidentally try to use their operator<. So we really have 4 different classes here, not just 2.

Background on my reluctance here: In the process of writing this PR I discovered TrackedValue, which @ldionne wrote back in 2015, put in a header, and then never used again. (I wanted to make NonTrivial just a pair<Trivial, TrackedValue> or something like that; but it turned out that TrackedValue wasn't constexpr, so I couldn't use it anyway.)

61

Officially, neither static_assert nor is_trivially_copyable are present in C++11. test/libcxx/containers/sequences/vector.bool/trivial_for_purposes_of_call.pass.cpp is unsupported in C++03 and I can't see any reason it would be unsupported except for its reliance on the is_trivially_ type-traits.

[zoecarver]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge_comp.pass.cpp

61

libc++ provides many of these things in C++03. Even rvalues and variadics work.

[zoecarver]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge_comp.pass.cpp

44

It looks like this is used in 10 different places. Yes, it's a small class so maybe we don't want to put it in a header for that reason, but if there's a bug that we need to fix later or something needs to be changed, I'd rather update one header than 10 different test files. Additionally, if there is a bug that is only revealed in one of the tests, the other nine classes won't be updated. @ldionne what do you think?

[ldionne]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge_comp.pass.cpp

9

Alternatively, it's possible that no buildbot runs clang-7 anymore?

That's it. The test harness does not do anything special w.r.t. clang versions. It couldn't, because a bug could exist in clang-7 but not clang-6, so it would be invalid to assume that the clang-7 Lit feature implies the clang-6 Lit feature, for example. The truth is that nobody cares about libc++ "working" with several of the compilers we claim to support. For example, I doubt anyone really builds libc++ with GCC 5, except perhaps in some fake CI setups -- but nobody actually ships that, and I'd be scared if they did.

44

I think I would put them in a header e.g. in test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/ so that they are shared across these tests. Lifting the utilities all the way into test/support might not make sense, though, since they are kinda specific to the sort of tests you're trying to write here.

@Quuxplusone @zoecarver Would that make sense to you both?

[• Quuxplusone]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge_comp.pass.cpp

44

I still think it's unnecessary, but I don't object. Of course, the naming part is hard. I propose (and will update the PR with, unless someone stops me) "alg.sorting/sortable_helpers.h" containing TrivialSortable/NonTrivialSortable and TrivialSortableWithComp/NonTrivialSortableWithComp.

I still feel moderately strongly that TrivialSortableWithComp/NonTrivialSortableWithComp should not have a well-formed operator<, and so must remain a different pair of classes from the former two. It'd be easy enough to give the T::less comparator some different behavior from T::operator<, so that if the algo accidentally used the wrong one, the test would detect that bug at runtime; but, it wouldn't be able to detect a bug in which the algo was wrongly constrained to require operator<, unless we actually instantiate the algo with a non-operator<-comparable type.

61

I'll update the patch and see what buildkite thinks of it.

[ldionne]

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge_comp.pass.cpp

44

I propose (and will update the PR with, unless someone stops me) "alg.sorting/sortable_helpers.h" containing TrivialSortable/NonTrivialSortable and TrivialSortableWithComp/NonTrivialSortableWithComp.

That sounds good to me. I think it's reasonably important to reduce copy/paste in the test suite. There's a lot of it, and it tends to get out of sync.

Note that I'm not trying to say we should create reusable abstractions for all tests, all the time. I don't want TrivialSortableWithComp & friends to be thought of as reusable abstractions. I just want to regroup where the code lives in a single place, so that when we change it in one location, everywhere gets the change.

I still feel moderately strongly that TrivialSortableWithComp/NonTrivialSortableWithComp should not have a well-formed operator<

We agree.

[• Quuxplusone]

Pull out the helper "sortable element" classes into "sortable_helpers.h".

[ldionne]

This LGTM if CI passes. However, since there's a bunch of stuff unrelated to the primary concern of the patch (which is to implement P0202), can you please split it up into separate commits? Ideally, those would have been separate reviews from the start to make it easier, but now the patch has been reviewed, so I guess there's no point in splitting it :-) For the commits, I suggest:

1. A NFC commit to update the synopsis of stuff that had gotten out of date
2. A commit to update includes.pass.cpp
3. A commit with the rest, which actually implements P0202

I won't bite if you want to land everything at once, though. I'm mostly trying to make an example to make sure we keep this in mind for future libc++ patches.

Also, I think we could improve the test coverage of all those algorithms by testing a wider array of inputs. I don't request that you do that, but if you do feel like doing it, the patch will be welcome. Thanks for the work!

[zoecarver]

I'm good with landing this now. I would kind of like to make the tests a little less complicated, but I think they're OK as-is.

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/sortable_helpers.h

34 ↗

(On Diff #309574)

Super nit: I feel like it's a bit cleaner to say:

TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(NonTrivialSortable b) {
  return value / 10 < b.value / 10;
}

No friend; no reference.

[• Quuxplusone]

Grr, the sortable elements' operator= must be TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX14 instead of TEST_CONSTEXPR. But then I think we'll be good to go!

b0eed2d079b2 (HEAD -> D92255) [libc++] Update the commented "synopsis" in <algorithm> to match current reality.
6501f415622b [libc++] [P0202] constexpr set_union, set_difference, set_symmetric_difference, merge
92832f000c0f [libc++] Slightly improve constexpr test coverage for std::includes.

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/sortable_helpers.h

34 ↗

(On Diff #309574)

I like hidden-friend, though, so I won't change it. Let someone else do that later if they want to. ;)
(Hidden-friend is also a tiny bit harder to screw up by forgetting a const, IMVHO, because it treats both parameters the same.)

libcxx/docs/Cxx2aStatus.rst

 
 .. csv-table::
    :file: Cxx2aStatusPaperStatus.csv
    :header-rows: 1
    :widths: auto
 
 .. note::
 
-   .. [#note-P0202] P0202: The missing bits in P0202 are in ``copy`` and ``copy_backwards`` (and the ones that call them: ``copy_n``, ``set_union``, ``set_difference``, and ``set_symmetric_difference``). This is because the first two algorithms have specializations that call ``memmove`` which is not constexpr. See `Bug 25165 <https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=25165>`__
    .. [#note-P0600] P0600: The missing bits in P0600 are in |sect|\ [mem.res.class], |sect|\ [mem.poly.allocator.class], and |sect|\ [container.node.overview].
    .. [#note-P0966] P0966: It was previously erroneously marked as complete in version 8.0. See `bug 45368 <https://llvm.org/PR45368>`__.
 
    .. [#note-P0619] P0619: Only ``std::allocator`` part is implemented.
 
 
 .. _issues-status-cxx2a:
 

libcxx/docs/Cxx2aStatusPaperStatus.csv

 "Paper #","Group","Paper Name","Meeting","Status","First released version"
 "`P0463R1 <https://wg21.link/P0463R1>`__","LWG","Endian just Endian","Toronto","|Complete|","7.0"
 "`P0674R1 <https://wg21.link/P0674R1>`__","LWG","Extending make_shared to Support Arrays","Toronto","",""
 "","","","","",""
 "`P0020R6 <https://wg21.link/P0020R6>`__","LWG","Floating Point Atomic","Albuquerque","",""
 "`P0053R7 <https://wg21.link/P0053R7>`__","LWG","C++ Synchronized Buffered Ostream","Albuquerque","",""
-"`P0202R3 <https://wg21.link/P0202R3>`__","LWG","Add constexpr modifiers to functions in <algorithm> and <utility> Headers","Albuquerque","|In Progress| [#note-P0202]_","7.0"
+"`P0202R3 <https://wg21.link/P0202R3>`__","LWG","Add constexpr modifiers to functions in <algorithm> and <utility> Headers","Albuquerque","|Complete|","12.0"
 "`P0415R1 <https://wg21.link/P0415R1>`__","LWG","Constexpr for ``std::complex``\ ","Albuquerque","|In Progress|","7.0"
 "`P0439R0 <https://wg21.link/P0439R0>`__","LWG","Make ``std::memory_order``\  a scoped enumeration","Albuquerque","|Complete|",""
 "`P0457R2 <https://wg21.link/P0457R2>`__","LWG","String Prefix and Suffix Checking","Albuquerque","|Complete|","6.0"
 "`P0550R2 <https://wg21.link/P0550R2>`__","LWG","Transformation Trait ``remove_cvref``\ ","Albuquerque","|Complete|","6.0"
 "`P0600R1 <https://wg21.link/P0600R1>`__","LWG","nodiscard in the Library","Albuquerque","|In Progress| [#note-P0600]_","7.0"
 "`P0616R0 <https://wg21.link/P0616R0>`__","LWG","de-pessimize legacy <numeric> algorithms with std::move","Albuquerque","|Complete|","12.0"
 "`P0653R2 <https://wg21.link/P0653R2>`__","LWG","Utility to convert a pointer to a raw pointer","Albuquerque","|Complete|","6.0"
 "`P0718R2 <https://wg21.link/P0718R2>`__","LWG","Atomic shared_ptr","Albuquerque","",""

libcxx/include/algorithm

     constexpr InputIterator     // constexpr in C++20
     find(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, const T& value);
 
 template <class InputIterator, class Predicate>
     constexpr InputIterator     // constexpr in C++20
     find_if(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, Predicate pred);
 
 template<class InputIterator, class Predicate>
-    InputIterator               // constexpr in C++20
+    constexpr InputIterator     // constexpr in C++20
     find_if_not(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, Predicate pred);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator1, class ForwardIterator2>
-    ForwardIterator1            // constexpr in C++20
+    constexpr ForwardIterator1  // constexpr in C++20
     find_end(ForwardIterator1 first1, ForwardIterator1 last1,
              ForwardIterator2 first2, ForwardIterator2 last2);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator1, class ForwardIterator2, class BinaryPredicate>
-    ForwardIterator1            // constexpr in C++20
+    constexpr ForwardIterator1  // constexpr in C++20
     find_end(ForwardIterator1 first1, ForwardIterator1 last1,
              ForwardIterator2 first2, ForwardIterator2 last2, BinaryPredicate pred);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator1, class ForwardIterator2>
     constexpr ForwardIterator1  // constexpr in C++20
     find_first_of(ForwardIterator1 first1, ForwardIterator1 last1,
                   ForwardIterator2 first2, ForwardIterator2 last2);
 

     copy_n(InputIterator first, Size n, OutputIterator result);
 
 template <class BidirectionalIterator1, class BidirectionalIterator2>
     constexpr BidirectionalIterator2      // constexpr in C++20
     copy_backward(BidirectionalIterator1 first, BidirectionalIterator1 last,
                   BidirectionalIterator2 result);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator1, class ForwardIterator2>
-    ForwardIterator2
+    constexpr ForwardIterator2    // constexpr in C++20
     swap_ranges(ForwardIterator1 first1, ForwardIterator1 last1, ForwardIterator2 first2);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator1, class ForwardIterator2>
-    void
+    constexpr void                // constexpr in C++20
     iter_swap(ForwardIterator1 a, ForwardIterator2 b);
 
 template <class InputIterator, class OutputIterator, class UnaryOperation>
     constexpr OutputIterator      // constexpr in C++20
     transform(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, OutputIterator result, UnaryOperation op);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class OutputIterator, class BinaryOperation>
     constexpr OutputIterator      // constexpr in C++20

     constexpr OutputIterator     // constexpr in C++20
     remove_copy(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, OutputIterator result, const T& value);
 
 template <class InputIterator, class OutputIterator, class Predicate>
     constexpr OutputIterator     // constexpr in C++20
     remove_copy_if(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, OutputIterator result, Predicate pred);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator>
-    ForwardIterator
+    constexpr ForwardIterator    // constexpr in C++20
     unique(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator, class BinaryPredicate>
-    ForwardIterator
+    constexpr ForwardIterator    // constexpr in C++20
     unique(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last, BinaryPredicate pred);
 
 template <class InputIterator, class OutputIterator>
-    OutputIterator
+    constexpr OutputIterator     // constexpr in C++20
     unique_copy(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, OutputIterator result);
 
 template <class InputIterator, class OutputIterator, class BinaryPredicate>
-    OutputIterator
+    constexpr OutputIterator     // constexpr in C++20
     unique_copy(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, OutputIterator result, BinaryPredicate pred);
 
 template <class BidirectionalIterator>
     void
     reverse(BidirectionalIterator first, BidirectionalIterator last);
 
 template <class BidirectionalIterator, class OutputIterator>
     constexpr OutputIterator       // constexpr in C++20
     reverse_copy(BidirectionalIterator first, BidirectionalIterator last, OutputIterator result);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator>
-    ForwardIterator
+    constexpr ForwardIterator      // constexpr in C++20
     rotate(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator middle, ForwardIterator last);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator, class OutputIterator>
-    OutputIterator
+    constexpr OutputIterator       // constexpr in C++20
     rotate_copy(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator middle, ForwardIterator last, OutputIterator result);
 
 template <class RandomAccessIterator>
     void
     random_shuffle(RandomAccessIterator first, RandomAccessIterator last); // deprecated in C++14, removed in C++17
 
 template <class RandomAccessIterator, class RandomNumberGenerator>
     void

     constexpr ForwardIterator  // constexpr in C++20
     partition_point(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last, Predicate pred);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator>
     constexpr bool  // constexpr in C++20
     is_sorted(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator, class Compare>
-    bool
+    constexpr bool  // constexpr in C++20
     is_sorted(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last, Compare comp);
 
 template<class ForwardIterator>
     constexpr ForwardIterator    // constexpr in C++20
     is_sorted_until(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator, class Compare>
     constexpr ForwardIterator    // constexpr in C++20

     constexpr bool                                    // constexpr in C++20
     binary_search(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last, const T& value);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator, class T, class Compare>
     constexpr bool                                    // constexpr in C++20
     binary_search(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last, const T& value, Compare comp);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class OutputIterator>
-    OutputIterator
+    constexpr OutputIterator                          // constexpr in C++20
     merge(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
           InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, OutputIterator result);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class OutputIterator, class Compare>
-    OutputIterator
+    constexpr OutputIterator                          // constexpr in C++20
     merge(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
           InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, OutputIterator result, Compare comp);
 
 template <class BidirectionalIterator>
     void
     inplace_merge(BidirectionalIterator first, BidirectionalIterator middle, BidirectionalIterator last);
 
 template <class BidirectionalIterator, class Compare>
     void
     inplace_merge(BidirectionalIterator first, BidirectionalIterator middle, BidirectionalIterator last, Compare comp);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2>
     constexpr bool                                    // constexpr in C++20
     includes(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1, InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class Compare>
     constexpr bool                                    // constexpr in C++20
     includes(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1, InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, Compare comp);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class OutputIterator>
-    OutputIterator
+    constexpr OutputIterator                          // constexpr in C++20
     set_union(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
               InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, OutputIterator result);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class OutputIterator, class Compare>
-    OutputIterator
+    constexpr OutputIterator                          // constexpr in C++20
     set_union(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
               InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, OutputIterator result, Compare comp);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class OutputIterator>
     constexpr OutputIterator                         // constexpr in C++20
     set_intersection(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
                      InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, OutputIterator result);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class OutputIterator, class Compare>
     constexpr OutputIterator                         // constexpr in C++20
     set_intersection(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
                      InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, OutputIterator result, Compare comp);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class OutputIterator>
-    OutputIterator
+    constexpr OutputIterator                         // constexpr in C++20
     set_difference(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
                    InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, OutputIterator result);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class OutputIterator, class Compare>
-    OutputIterator
+    constexpr OutputIterator                         // constexpr in C++20
     set_difference(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
                    InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, OutputIterator result, Compare comp);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class OutputIterator>
-    OutputIterator
+    constexpr OutputIterator                         // constexpr in C++20
     set_symmetric_difference(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
                              InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, OutputIterator result);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class OutputIterator, class Compare>
-    OutputIterator
+    constexpr OutputIterator                         // constexpr in C++20
     set_symmetric_difference(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,
                              InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, OutputIterator result, Compare comp);
 
 template <class RandomAccessIterator>
     void
     push_heap(RandomAccessIterator first, RandomAccessIterator last);
 
 template <class RandomAccessIterator, class Compare>

     constexpr RandomAccessIterator   // constexpr in C++20
     is_heap_until(RandomAccessIterator first, RandomAccessiterator last);
 
 template <class RandomAccessIterator, class Compare>
     constexpr RandomAccessIterator   // constexpr in C++20
     is_heap_until(RandomAccessIterator first, RandomAccessiterator last, Compare comp);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator>
-    ForwardIterator
-    min_element(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr ForwardIterator        // constexpr in C++14
+    min_element(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator, class Compare>
-    ForwardIterator
-    min_element(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last, Compare comp);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr ForwardIterator        // constexpr in C++14
+    min_element(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last, Compare comp);
 
 template <class T>
-    const T&
-    min(const T& a, const T& b);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr const T&               // constexpr in C++14
+    min(const T& a, const T& b);
 
 template <class T, class Compare>
-    const T&
-    min(const T& a, const T& b, Compare comp);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr const T&               // constexpr in C++14
+    min(const T& a, const T& b, Compare comp);
 
 template<class T>
-    T
-    min(initializer_list<T> t);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr T                      // constexpr in C++14
+    min(initializer_list<T> t);
 
 template<class T, class Compare>
-    T
-    min(initializer_list<T> t, Compare comp);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr T                      // constexpr in C++14
+    min(initializer_list<T> t, Compare comp);
 
 template<class T>
-    constexpr const T& clamp( const T& v, const T& lo, const T& hi );               // C++17
+    constexpr const T& clamp(const T& v, const T& lo, const T& hi);               // C++17
 
 template<class T, class Compare>
-    constexpr const T& clamp( const T& v, const T& lo, const T& hi, Compare comp ); // C++17
+    constexpr const T& clamp(const T& v, const T& lo, const T& hi, Compare comp); // C++17
 
 template <class ForwardIterator>
-    ForwardIterator
-    max_element(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr ForwardIterator        // constexpr in C++14
+    max_element(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last);
 
 template <class ForwardIterator, class Compare>
-    ForwardIterator
-    max_element(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last, Compare comp);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr ForwardIterator        // constexpr in C++14
+    max_element(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last, Compare comp);
 
 template <class T>
-    const T&
-    max(const T& a, const T& b); // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr const T&               // constexpr in C++14
+    max(const T& a, const T& b);
 
 template <class T, class Compare>
-    const T&
-    max(const T& a, const T& b, Compare comp);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr const T&               // constexpr in C++14
+    max(const T& a, const T& b, Compare comp);
 
 template<class T>
-    T
-    max(initializer_list<T> t);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr T                      // constexpr in C++14
+    max(initializer_list<T> t);
 
 template<class T, class Compare>
-    T
-    max(initializer_list<T> t, Compare comp);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr T                      // constexpr in C++14
+    max(initializer_list<T> t, Compare comp);
 
 template<class ForwardIterator>
-    pair<ForwardIterator, ForwardIterator>
-    minmax_element(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last);   // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr pair<ForwardIterator, ForwardIterator>  // constexpr in C++14
+    minmax_element(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last);
 
 template<class ForwardIterator, class Compare>
-    pair<ForwardIterator, ForwardIterator>
-    minmax_element(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last, Compare comp);   // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr pair<ForwardIterator, ForwardIterator>  // constexpr in C++14
+    minmax_element(ForwardIterator first, ForwardIterator last, Compare comp);
 
 template<class T>
-    pair<const T&, const T&>
-    minmax(const T& a, const T& b);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr pair<const T&, const T&>  // constexpr in C++14
+    minmax(const T& a, const T& b);
 
 template<class T, class Compare>
-    pair<const T&, const T&>
-    minmax(const T& a, const T& b, Compare comp);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr pair<const T&, const T&>  // constexpr in C++14
+    minmax(const T& a, const T& b, Compare comp);
 
 template<class T>
-    pair<T, T>
-    minmax(initializer_list<T> t);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr pair<T, T>                // constexpr in C++14
+    minmax(initializer_list<T> t);
 
 template<class T, class Compare>
-    pair<T, T>
-    minmax(initializer_list<T> t, Compare comp);  // constexpr in C++14
+    constexpr pair<T, T>                // constexpr in C++14
+    minmax(initializer_list<T> t, Compare comp);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2>
     constexpr bool     // constexpr in C++20
     lexicographical_compare(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1, InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2);
 
 template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class Compare>
     constexpr bool     // constexpr in C++20
     lexicographical_compare(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,

     return _VSTD::includes(__first1, __last1, __first2, __last2,
                           __less<typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator1>::value_type,
                                  typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator2>::value_type>());
 }
 
 // set_union
 
 template <class _Compare, class _InputIterator1, class _InputIterator2, class _OutputIterator>
-_OutputIterator
+_LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX17 _OutputIterator
 __set_union(_InputIterator1 __first1, _InputIterator1 __last1,
             _InputIterator2 __first2, _InputIterator2 __last2, _OutputIterator __result, _Compare __comp)
 {
     for (; __first1 != __last1; ++__result)
     {
         if (__first2 == __last2)
             return _VSTD::copy(__first1, __last1, __result);
         if (__comp(*__first2, *__first1))
         {
             *__result = *__first2;
             ++__first2;
         }
         else
         {
             if (!__comp(*__first1, *__first2))
                 ++__first2;
             *__result = *__first1;
             ++__first1;
         }
     }
     return _VSTD::copy(__first2, __last2, __result);
 }
 
 template <class _InputIterator1, class _InputIterator2, class _OutputIterator, class _Compare>
-inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX17
 _OutputIterator
 set_union(_InputIterator1 __first1, _InputIterator1 __last1,
           _InputIterator2 __first2, _InputIterator2 __last2, _OutputIterator __result, _Compare __comp)
 {
     typedef typename __comp_ref_type<_Compare>::type _Comp_ref;
     return __set_union<_Comp_ref>(__first1, __last1, __first2, __last2, __result, __comp);
 }
 
 template <class _InputIterator1, class _InputIterator2, class _OutputIterator>
-inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX17
 _OutputIterator
 set_union(_InputIterator1 __first1, _InputIterator1 __last1,
           _InputIterator2 __first2, _InputIterator2 __last2, _OutputIterator __result)
 {
     return _VSTD::set_union(__first1, __last1, __first2, __last2, __result,
                           __less<typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator1>::value_type,
                                  typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator2>::value_type>());
 }

     return _VSTD::set_intersection(__first1, __last1, __first2, __last2, __result,
                                   __less<typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator1>::value_type,
                                          typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator2>::value_type>());
 }
 
 // set_difference
 
 template <class _Compare, class _InputIterator1, class _InputIterator2, class _OutputIterator>
-_OutputIterator
+_LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX17 _OutputIterator
 __set_difference(_InputIterator1 __first1, _InputIterator1 __last1,
                  _InputIterator2 __first2, _InputIterator2 __last2, _OutputIterator __result, _Compare __comp)
 {
     while (__first1 != __last1)
     {
         if (__first2 == __last2)
             return _VSTD::copy(__first1, __last1, __result);
         if (__comp(*__first1, *__first2))
         {
             *__result = *__first1;
             ++__result;
             ++__first1;
         }
         else
         {
             if (!__comp(*__first2, *__first1))
                 ++__first1;
             ++__first2;
         }
     }
     return __result;
 }
 
 template <class _InputIterator1, class _InputIterator2, class _OutputIterator, class _Compare>
-inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX17
 _OutputIterator
 set_difference(_InputIterator1 __first1, _InputIterator1 __last1,
                _InputIterator2 __first2, _InputIterator2 __last2, _OutputIterator __result, _Compare __comp)
 {
     typedef typename __comp_ref_type<_Compare>::type _Comp_ref;
     return __set_difference<_Comp_ref>(__first1, __last1, __first2, __last2, __result, __comp);
 }
 
 template <class _InputIterator1, class _InputIterator2, class _OutputIterator>
-inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX17
 _OutputIterator
 set_difference(_InputIterator1 __first1, _InputIterator1 __last1,
                _InputIterator2 __first2, _InputIterator2 __last2, _OutputIterator __result)
 {
     return _VSTD::set_difference(__first1, __last1, __first2, __last2, __result,
                                 __less<typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator1>::value_type,
                                        typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator2>::value_type>());
 }
 
 // set_symmetric_difference
 
 template <class _Compare, class _InputIterator1, class _InputIterator2, class _OutputIterator>
-_OutputIterator
+_LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX17 _OutputIterator
 __set_symmetric_difference(_InputIterator1 __first1, _InputIterator1 __last1,
                            _InputIterator2 __first2, _InputIterator2 __last2, _OutputIterator __result, _Compare __comp)
 {
     while (__first1 != __last1)
     {
         if (__first2 == __last2)
             return _VSTD::copy(__first1, __last1, __result);
         if (__comp(*__first1, *__first2))

                 ++__first1;
             ++__first2;
         }
     }
     return _VSTD::copy(__first2, __last2, __result);
 }
 
 template <class _InputIterator1, class _InputIterator2, class _OutputIterator, class _Compare>
-inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX17
 _OutputIterator
 set_symmetric_difference(_InputIterator1 __first1, _InputIterator1 __last1,
                          _InputIterator2 __first2, _InputIterator2 __last2, _OutputIterator __result, _Compare __comp)
 {
     typedef typename __comp_ref_type<_Compare>::type _Comp_ref;
     return __set_symmetric_difference<_Comp_ref>(__first1, __last1, __first2, __last2, __result, __comp);
 }
 
 template <class _InputIterator1, class _InputIterator2, class _OutputIterator>
-inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
+inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX17
 _OutputIterator
 set_symmetric_difference(_InputIterator1 __first1, _InputIterator1 __last1,
                          _InputIterator2 __first2, _InputIterator2 __last2, _OutputIterator __result)
 {
     return _VSTD::set_symmetric_difference(__first1, __last1, __first2, __last2, __result,
                                           __less<typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator1>::value_type,
                                                  typename iterator_traits<_InputIterator2>::value_type>());
 }

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge.pass.cpp

 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
-//
-// REQUIRES: long_tests
 
-// Older compilers don't support std::is_constant_evaluated
-// UNSUPPORTED: clang-4, clang-5, clang-6, clang-7, clang-8
-// UNSUPPORTED: apple-clang-9, apple-clang-10
+// UNSUPPORTED: clang-8
 
 // <algorithm>
 
 // template<InputIterator InIter1, InputIterator InIter2, typename OutIter>
 //   requires OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter1::reference>
 //         && OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter2::reference>
 //         && HasLess<InIter2::value_type, InIter1::value_type>
+//         && HasLess<InIter1::value_type, InIter2::value_type>
 //   constexpr OutIter       // constexpr after C++17
-//   merge(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1, InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2, OutIter result);
+//   merge(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1, InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2,
+//         OutIter result);
 
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <random>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "test_macros.h"
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
-#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
-TEST_CONSTEXPR bool test_constexpr() {
-  int ia[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4};
-  int ib[] = {2, 4, 6, 8};
-  int ic[] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
-  const int expected[] = {0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 6, 8};
-
-  auto it = std::merge(std::begin(ia), std::end(ia), std::begin(ib),
-                       std::end(ib), std::begin(ic));
-  assert(std::distance(std::begin(ic), it) == static_cast<int>(std::size(ia) + std::size(ib)));
-  assert(*it == 0);
-  assert(std::equal(std::begin(ic), it, std::begin(expected), std::end(expected)));
-  return true;
+struct Trivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    friend TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+    }
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+struct NonTrivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : value(rhs.value) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial& operator=(const NonTrivial& rhs) { value = rhs.value; return *this; }
+    friend TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+    }
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
     }
+};
+
+#if TEST_STD_VER >= 11
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<Trivial>::value, "");
+static_assert(!std::is_trivially_copyable<NonTrivial>::value, "");
 #endif
 
-std::mt19937 randomness;
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test4()
+{
+    const T a[] = {11, 33, 31, 41};
+    const T b[] = {22, 32, 43, 42, 52};
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 22, 33, 31, 32, 41, 43, 42, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::merge(Iter1(a), Iter1(a+4), Iter2(b), Iter2(b+5), OutIter(result));
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+9, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 22, 32, 33, 31, 43, 42, 41, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::merge(Iter1(b), Iter1(b+5), Iter2(a), Iter2(a+4), OutIter(result));
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+9, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test3()
+{
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, output_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, forward_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, bidirectional_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, random_access_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, T*>();
+}
 
-template <class InIter1, class InIter2, class OutIter>
-void test() {
-    {
-    unsigned N = 100000;
-    int* ia = new int[N];
-    int* ib = new int[N];
-    int* ic = new int[2*N];
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i)
-        ia[i] = 2*i;
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i)
-        ib[i] = 2*i+1;
-    OutIter r = std::merge(InIter1(ia), InIter1(ia+N),
-                           InIter2(ib), InIter2(ib+N), OutIter(ic));
-    assert(base(r) == ic+2*N);
-    assert(ic[0] == 0);
-    assert(ic[2*N-1] == static_cast<int>(2*N-1));
-    assert(std::is_sorted(ic, ic+2*N));
-    delete [] ic;
-    delete [] ib;
-    delete [] ia;
-    }
-    {
-    unsigned N = 100;
-    int* ia = new int[N];
-    int* ib = new int[N];
-    int* ic = new int[2*N];
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < 2*N; ++i)
-        ic[i] = i;
-    std::shuffle(ic, ic+2*N, randomness);
-    std::copy(ic, ic+N, ia);
-    std::copy(ic+N, ic+2*N, ib);
-    std::sort(ia, ia+N);
-    std::sort(ib, ib+N);
-    OutIter r = std::merge(InIter1(ia), InIter1(ia+N),
-                           InIter2(ib), InIter2(ib+N), OutIter(ic));
-    assert(base(r) == ic+2*N);
-    assert(ic[0] == 0);
-    assert(ic[2*N-1] == static_cast<int>(2*N-1));
-    assert(std::is_sorted(ic, ic+2*N));
-    delete [] ic;
-    delete [] ib;
-    delete [] ia;
-    }
+template<class T, class Iter1>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test2()
+    test3<T, Iter1, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, const T*>();
+
+template<class T>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test1()
+{
+    test2<T, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, const T*>();
 }
 
-int main(int, char**)
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test()
 {
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, int*>();
+    test1<Trivial>();
+    test1<NonTrivial>();
+    return true;
+}
 
+int main(int, char**)
+{
+    test();
 #if TEST_STD_VER > 17
-    static_assert(test_constexpr());
+    static_assert(test());
 #endif
 
     return 0;
 }

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.merge/merge_comp.pass.cpp

 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
-//
-// REQUIRES: long_tests
 
-// Older compilers don't support std::is_constant_evaluated
-// UNSUPPORTED: clang-4, clang-5, clang-6, clang-7, clang-8
-// UNSUPPORTED: apple-clang-9, apple-clang-10
+// UNSUPPORTED: clang-8
 
 // <algorithm>
 
 // template<InputIterator InIter1, InputIterator InIter2, typename OutIter,
-//          Predicate<auto, InIter2::value_type, InIter1::value_type> Compare>
+//          CopyConstructible Compare>
 //   requires OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter1::reference>
 //         && OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter2::reference>
-//         && CopyConstructible<Compare>
+//         && Predicate<Compare, InIter1::value_type, InIter2::value_type>
+//         && Predicate<Compare, InIter2::value_type, InIter1::value_type>
 //   constexpr OutIter       // constexpr after C++17
-//   merge(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1,
-//         InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2, OutIter result, Compare comp);
+//   merge(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1, InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2,
+//         OutIter result, Compare comp);
 
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <functional>
-#include <random>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "test_macros.h"
 #include "test_iterators.h"
-#include "counting_predicates.h"
 
-#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
-TEST_CONSTEXPR bool test_constexpr() {
-  int ia[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4};
-  int ib[] = {2, 4, 6, 8};
-  int ic[] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
-  const int expected[] = {0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 6, 8};
-
-  auto it =
-      std::merge(std::begin(ia), std::end(ia), std::begin(ib), std::end(ib),
-                 std::begin(ic), std::less<>{});
-  assert(std::distance(std::begin(ic), it) == static_cast<int>(std::size(ia) + std::size(ib)));
-  assert(*it == 0);
-  assert(
-      std::equal(std::begin(ic), it, std::begin(expected), std::end(expected)));
-  return true;
+struct Trivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    struct Comparator {
+        TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator()(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) const {
+            return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+        }
+    };
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+struct NonTrivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : value(rhs.value) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial& operator=(const NonTrivial& rhs) { value = rhs.value; return *this; }
+    struct Comparator {
+        TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator()(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) const {
+            return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
         }
+    };
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+#if TEST_STD_VER >= 11
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<Trivial>::value, "");
+static_assert(!std::is_trivially_copyable<NonTrivial>::value, "");
 #endif
 
-std::mt19937 randomness;
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test4()
+{
+    const T a[] = {11, 33, 31, 41};
+    const T b[] = {22, 32, 43, 42, 52};
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 22, 33, 31, 32, 41, 43, 42, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::merge(Iter1(a), Iter1(a+4), Iter2(b), Iter2(b+5), OutIter(result), typename T::Comparator());
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+9, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 22, 32, 33, 31, 43, 42, 41, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::merge(Iter1(b), Iter1(b+5), Iter2(a), Iter2(a+4), OutIter(result), typename T::Comparator());
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+9, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
 
-template <class InIter1, class InIter2, class OutIter>
-void
-test()
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test3()
 {
-    {
-    unsigned N = 100000;
-    int* ia = new int[N];
-    int* ib = new int[N];
-    int* ic = new int[2*N];
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i)
-        ia[i] = 2*i;
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i)
-        ib[i] = 2*i+1;
-    std::reverse(ia, ia+N);
-    std::reverse(ib, ib+N);
-    binary_counting_predicate<std::greater<int>, int, int> pred((std::greater<int>()));
-    OutIter r = std::merge(InIter1(ia), InIter1(ia+N),
-                           InIter2(ib), InIter2(ib+N), OutIter(ic), pred);
-    assert(base(r) == ic+2*N);
-    assert(ic[0] == static_cast<int>(2*N-1));
-    assert(ic[2*N-1] == 0);
-    assert(std::is_sorted(ic, ic+2*N, std::greater<int>()));
-    assert(pred.count() <= (N + N - 1));
-    delete [] ic;
-    delete [] ib;
-    delete [] ia;
-    }
-    {
-    unsigned N = 100;
-    int* ia = new int[N];
-    int* ib = new int[N];
-    int* ic = new int[2*N];
-    for (unsigned i = 0; i < 2*N; ++i)
-        ic[i] = i;
-    std::shuffle(ic, ic+2*N, randomness);
-    std::copy(ic, ic+N, ia);
-    std::copy(ic+N, ic+2*N, ib);
-    std::sort(ia, ia+N, std::greater<int>());
-    std::sort(ib, ib+N, std::greater<int>());
-    binary_counting_predicate<std::greater<int>, int, int> pred((std::greater<int>()));
-    OutIter r = std::merge(InIter1(ia), InIter1(ia+N),
-                           InIter2(ib), InIter2(ib+N), OutIter(ic), pred);
-    assert(base(r) == ic+2*N);
-    assert(ic[0] == static_cast<int>(2*N-1));
-    assert(ic[2*N-1] == 0);
-    assert(std::is_sorted(ic, ic+2*N, std::greater<int>()));
-    assert(pred.count() <= (N + N - 1));
-    delete [] ic;
-    delete [] ib;
-    delete [] ia;
-    }
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, output_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, forward_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, bidirectional_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, random_access_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test2()
+    test3<T, Iter1, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, const T*>();
+
+template<class T>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test1()
+    test2<T, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, const T*>();
+
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test()
+{
+    test1<Trivial>();
+    test1<NonTrivial>();
+    return true;
 }
 
 int main(int, char**)
 {
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, int*>();
-
+    test();
 #if TEST_STD_VER > 17
-    static_assert(test_constexpr());
+    static_assert(test());
 #endif
 
     return 0;
 }

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/includes/includes.pass.cpp

 //   includes(Iter1 first1, Iter1 last1, Iter2 first2, Iter2 last2);
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
 
 #include "test_macros.h"
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
-#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
-TEST_CONSTEXPR bool test_constexpr() {
-    int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
-    int ib[] = {2, 4};
-    int ic[] = {3, 3, 3, 3};
-
-    return  std::includes(std::begin(ia), std::end(ia), std::begin(ib), std::end(ib))
-        && !std::includes(std::begin(ia), std::end(ia), std::begin(ic), std::end(ic))
-           ;
-    }
-#endif
-
 template <class Iter1, class Iter2>
-void
-test()
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20
+void test()
 {
     int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
     const unsigned sa = sizeof(ia)/sizeof(ia[0]);
     int ib[] = {2, 4};
     const unsigned sb = sizeof(ib)/sizeof(ib[0]);
     int ic[] = {1, 2};
     const unsigned sc = sizeof(ic)/sizeof(ic[0]); ((void)sc);
     int id[] = {3, 3, 3, 3};
void test()
     assert(!std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+2), Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+2)));
 
     assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(id), Iter2(id+1)));
     assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(id), Iter2(id+2)));
     assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(id), Iter2(id+3)));
     assert(!std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(id), Iter2(id+4)));
 }
 
-int main(int, char**)
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20
+bool do_tests()
 {
     test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*>();
 
     test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*> >();
bool do_tests()
     test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*>();
 
     test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<const int*, const int*>();
 
+    return true;
+}
+
+int main(int, char**)
+{
+    do_tests();
 #if TEST_STD_VER > 17
-   static_assert(test_constexpr());
+    static_assert(do_tests());
 #endif
-
     return 0;
 }

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/includes/includes_comp.pass.cpp

 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <functional>
 #include <cassert>
 
 #include "test_macros.h"
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
-#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
-TEST_CONSTEXPR bool test_constexpr() {
-    int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
-    int ib[] = {2, 4};
-    int ic[] = {3, 3, 3, 3};
-
-    auto comp = [](int a, int b) {return a < b; };
-    return  std::includes(std::begin(ia), std::end(ia), std::begin(ib), std::end(ib), comp)
-        && !std::includes(std::begin(ia), std::end(ia), std::begin(ic), std::end(ic), comp)
-           ;
-    }
-#endif
-
-
 template <class Iter1, class Iter2>
-void
-test()
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20
+void test()
 {
-    int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
+    int ia[] = {4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 1};
     const unsigned sa = sizeof(ia)/sizeof(ia[0]);
-    int ib[] = {2, 4};
+    int ib[] = {4, 2};
     const unsigned sb = sizeof(ib)/sizeof(ib[0]);
-    int ic[] = {1, 2};
+    int ic[] = {2, 1};
     const unsigned sc = sizeof(ic)/sizeof(ic[0]); ((void)sc);
     int id[] = {3, 3, 3, 3};
     const unsigned sd = sizeof(id)/sizeof(id[0]); ((void)sd);
 
-    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia), Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib), std::less<int>()));
-    assert(!std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia), Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+1), std::less<int>()));
-    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+1), Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib), std::less<int>()));
-    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(ia), Iter2(ia+sa), std::less<int>()));
-
-    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+sb), std::less<int>()));
-    assert(!std::includes(Iter1(ib), Iter1(ib+sb), Iter2(ia), Iter2(ia+sa), std::less<int>()));
-
-    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+2), Iter2(ic), Iter2(ic+2), std::less<int>()));
-    assert(!std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+2), Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+2), std::less<int>()));
-
-    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(id), Iter2(id+1), std::less<int>()));
-    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(id), Iter2(id+2), std::less<int>()));
-    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(id), Iter2(id+3), std::less<int>()));
-    assert(!std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(id), Iter2(id+4), std::less<int>()));
+    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia), Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib), std::greater<int>()));
+    assert(!std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia), Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+1), std::greater<int>()));
+    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+1), Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib), std::greater<int>()));
+    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(ia), Iter2(ia+sa), std::greater<int>()));
+
+    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+sb), std::greater<int>()));
+    assert(!std::includes(Iter1(ib), Iter1(ib+sb), Iter2(ia), Iter2(ia+sa), std::greater<int>()));
+
+    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia+8), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(ic), Iter2(ic+sc), std::greater<int>()));
+    assert(!std::includes(Iter1(ia+8), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+sb), std::greater<int>()));
+
+    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(id), Iter2(id+1), std::greater<int>()));
+    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(id), Iter2(id+2), std::greater<int>()));
+    assert(std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(id), Iter2(id+3), std::greater<int>()));
+    assert(!std::includes(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa), Iter2(id), Iter2(id+4), std::greater<int>()));
 }
 
-int main(int, char**)
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20
+bool do_tests()
 {
     test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*>();
 
     test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*> >();
bool do_tests()
     test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*>();
 
     test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*> >();
     test<const int*, const int*>();
 
+    return true;
+}
+
+int main(int, char**)
+{
+    do_tests();
 #if TEST_STD_VER > 17
-   static_assert(test_constexpr());
+    static_assert(do_tests());
 #endif
-
     return 0;
 }

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/set.difference/set_difference.pass.cpp

 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
+// UNSUPPORTED: clang-8
+
 // <algorithm>
 
 // template<InputIterator InIter1, InputIterator InIter2, typename OutIter>
 //   requires OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter1::reference>
 //         && OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter2::reference>
 //         && HasLess<InIter2::value_type, InIter1::value_type>
 //         && HasLess<InIter1::value_type, InIter2::value_type>
-//   OutIter
+//   constexpr OutIter       // constexpr after C++17
 //   set_difference(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1, InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2,
 //                  OutIter result);
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "test_macros.h"
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
-template <class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
-void
-test()
-{
-    int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
-    const int sa = sizeof(ia)/sizeof(ia[0]);
-    int ib[] = {2, 4, 4, 6};
-    const int sb = sizeof(ib)/sizeof(ib[0]);
-    int ic[20];
-    int ir[] = {1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4};
-    const int sr = sizeof(ir)/sizeof(ir[0]);
-    OutIter ce = std::set_difference(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa),
-                                     Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+sb), OutIter(ic));
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
-    int irr[] = {6};
-    const int srr = sizeof(irr)/sizeof(irr[0]);
-    ce = std::set_difference(Iter1(ib), Iter1(ib+sb),
-                             Iter2(ia), Iter2(ia+sa), OutIter(ic));
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == srr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), irr, irr+srr) == 0);
+struct Trivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    friend TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+    }
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+struct NonTrivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : value(rhs.value) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial& operator=(const NonTrivial& rhs) { value = rhs.value; return *this; }
+    friend TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+    }
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+#if TEST_STD_VER >= 11
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<Trivial>::value, "");
+static_assert(!std::is_trivially_copyable<NonTrivial>::value, "");
+#endif
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test4()
+{
+    const T a[] = {11, 33, 31, 41};
+    const T b[] = {22, 32, 43, 42, 52};
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 31};
+        OutIter end = std::set_difference(Iter1(a), Iter1(a+4), Iter2(b), Iter2(b+5), OutIter(result));
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+2, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {22, 42, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::set_difference(Iter1(b), Iter1(b+5), Iter2(a), Iter2(a+4), OutIter(result));
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+3, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test3()
+{
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, output_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, forward_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, bidirectional_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, random_access_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test2()
+{
+    test3<T, Iter1, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, const T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test1()
+{
+    test2<T, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, const T*>();
+}
+
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test()
+{
+    test1<Trivial>();
+    test1<NonTrivial>();
+    return true;
 }
 
 int main(int, char**)
 {
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, int*>();
+    test();
+#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
+    static_assert(test());
+#endif
 
     return 0;
 }

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/set.difference/set_difference_comp.pass.cpp

 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
+// UNSUPPORTED: clang-8
+
 // <algorithm>
 
 // template<InputIterator InIter1, InputIterator InIter2, typename OutIter,
 //          CopyConstructible Compare>
 //   requires OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter1::reference>
 //         && OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter2::reference>
 //         && Predicate<Compare, InIter1::value_type, InIter2::value_type>
 //         && Predicate<Compare, InIter2::value_type, InIter1::value_type>
-//   OutIter
+//   constexpr OutIter       // constexpr after C++17
 //   set_difference(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1, InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2,
 //                  OutIter result, Compare comp);
 
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <functional>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "test_macros.h"
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
-template <class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
-void
-test()
-{
-    int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
-    const int sa = sizeof(ia)/sizeof(ia[0]);
-    int ib[] = {2, 4, 4, 6};
-    const int sb = sizeof(ib)/sizeof(ib[0]);
-    int ic[20];
-    int ir[] = {1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4};
-    const int sr = sizeof(ir)/sizeof(ir[0]);
-    OutIter ce = std::set_difference(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa),
-                                     Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+sb), OutIter(ic), std::less<int>());
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
-    int irr[] = {6};
-    const int srr = sizeof(irr)/sizeof(irr[0]);
-    ce = std::set_difference(Iter1(ib), Iter1(ib+sb),
-                             Iter2(ia), Iter2(ia+sa), OutIter(ic), std::less<int>());
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == srr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), irr, irr+srr) == 0);
+struct Trivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    struct Comparator {
+        TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator()(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) const {
+            return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+        }
+    };
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+struct NonTrivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : value(rhs.value) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial& operator=(const NonTrivial& rhs) { value = rhs.value; return *this; }
+    struct Comparator {
+        TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator()(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) const {
+            return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+        }
+    };
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+#if TEST_STD_VER >= 11
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<Trivial>::value, "");
+static_assert(!std::is_trivially_copyable<NonTrivial>::value, "");
+#endif
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test4()
+{
+    const T a[] = {11, 33, 31, 41};
+    const T b[] = {22, 32, 43, 42, 52};
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 31};
+        OutIter end = std::set_difference(Iter1(a), Iter1(a+4), Iter2(b), Iter2(b+5), OutIter(result), typename T::Comparator());
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+2, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {22, 42, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::set_difference(Iter1(b), Iter1(b+5), Iter2(a), Iter2(a+4), OutIter(result), typename T::Comparator());
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+3, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test3()
+{
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, output_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, forward_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, bidirectional_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, random_access_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test2()
+{
+    test3<T, Iter1, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, const T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test1()
+{
+    test2<T, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, const T*>();
+}
+
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test()
+{
+    test1<Trivial>();
+    test1<NonTrivial>();
+    return true;
 }
 
 int main(int, char**)
 {
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, int*>();
+    test();
+#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
+    static_assert(test());
+#endif
 
     return 0;
 }

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/set.intersection/set_intersection.pass.cpp

 //         && HasLess<InIter2::value_type, InIter1::value_type>
 //         && HasLess<InIter1::value_type, InIter2::value_type>
 //   constexpr OutIter       // constexpr after C++17
 //   set_intersection(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1, InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2,
 //                    OutIter result);
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "test_macros.h"
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
-#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
-TEST_CONSTEXPR bool test_constexpr() {
-    const int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
-    const int ib[] = {2, 4, 4, 6};
-          int results[std::size(ia)] = {0};
-
-    auto it = std::set_intersection(std::begin(ia), std::end(ia),
-                                    std::begin(ib), std::end(ib), std::begin(results));
-
-    return std::includes(std::begin(ia), std::end(ia), std::begin(results), it)
-        && std::includes(std::begin(ib), std::end(ib), std::begin(results), it)
-        && std::is_sorted(std::begin(results), it)
-        && std::all_of(it, std::end(results), [](int a) {return a == 0; })
-           ;
+struct Trivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    friend TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+    }
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+struct NonTrivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : value(rhs.value) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial& operator=(const NonTrivial& rhs) { value = rhs.value; return *this; }
+    friend TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
     }
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+#if TEST_STD_VER >= 11
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<Trivial>::value, "");
+static_assert(!std::is_trivially_copyable<NonTrivial>::value, "");
 #endif
 
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test4()
+{
+    const T a[] = {11, 33, 31, 41};
+    const T b[] = {22, 32, 43, 42, 52};
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {33, 41};
+        OutIter end = std::set_intersection(Iter1(a), Iter1(a+4), Iter2(b), Iter2(b+5), OutIter(result));
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+2, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {32, 42};
+        OutIter end = std::set_intersection(Iter1(b), Iter1(b+5), Iter2(a), Iter2(a+4), OutIter(result));
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+2, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
 
-template <class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
-void
-test()
-{
-    int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
-    const int sa = sizeof(ia)/sizeof(ia[0]);
-    int ib[] = {2, 4, 4, 6};
-    const int sb = sizeof(ib)/sizeof(ib[0]);
-    int ic[20];
-    int ir[] = {2, 4, 4};
-    const int sr = sizeof(ir)/sizeof(ir[0]);
-    OutIter ce = std::set_intersection(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa),
-                                       Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+sb), OutIter(ic));
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
-    ce = std::set_intersection(Iter1(ib), Iter1(ib+sb),
-                               Iter2(ia), Iter2(ia+sa), OutIter(ic));
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test3()
+{
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, output_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, forward_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, bidirectional_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, random_access_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, T*>();
 }
 
-int main(int, char**)
+template<class T, class Iter1>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test2()
+{
+    test3<T, Iter1, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, const T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test1()
 {
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, int*>();
+    test2<T, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, const T*>();
+}
+
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test()
+{
+    test1<Trivial>();
+    test1<NonTrivial>();
+    return true;
+}
 
+int main(int, char**)
+{
+    test();
 #if TEST_STD_VER > 17
-    static_assert(test_constexpr());
+    static_assert(test());
 #endif
 
     return 0;
 }

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/set.intersection/set_intersection_comp.pass.cpp

 //         && OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter2::reference>
 //         && Predicate<Compare, InIter1::value_type, InIter2::value_type>
 //         && Predicate<Compare, InIter2::value_type, InIter1::value_type>
 //   constexpr OutIter       // constexpr after C++17
 //   set_intersection(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1, InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2,
 //                    OutIter result, Compare comp);
 
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <functional>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "test_macros.h"
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
-#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
-TEST_CONSTEXPR bool test_constexpr() {
-    const int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
-    const int ib[] = {2, 4, 4, 6};
-          int results[std::size(ia)] = {0};
-
-    auto comp = [](int a, int b) {return a < b; };
-    auto it = std::set_intersection(std::begin(ia), std::end(ia),
-                                    std::begin(ib), std::end(ib), std::begin(results), comp);
-
-    return std::includes(std::begin(ia), std::end(ia), std::begin(results), it)
-        && std::includes(std::begin(ib), std::end(ib), std::begin(results), it)
-        && std::is_sorted(std::begin(results), it, comp)
-        && std::all_of(it, std::end(results), [](int a) {return a == 0; })
-           ;
+struct Trivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    struct Comparator {
+        TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator()(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) const {
+            return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+        }
+    };
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+struct NonTrivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : value(rhs.value) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial& operator=(const NonTrivial& rhs) { value = rhs.value; return *this; }
+    struct Comparator {
+        TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator()(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) const {
+            return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
         }
+    };
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+#if TEST_STD_VER >= 11
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<Trivial>::value, "");
+static_assert(!std::is_trivially_copyable<NonTrivial>::value, "");
 #endif
 
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test4()
+{
+    const T a[] = {11, 33, 31, 41};
+    const T b[] = {22, 32, 43, 42, 52};
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {33, 41};
+        OutIter end = std::set_intersection(Iter1(a), Iter1(a+4), Iter2(b), Iter2(b+5), OutIter(result), typename T::Comparator());
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+2, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {32, 42};
+        OutIter end = std::set_intersection(Iter1(b), Iter1(b+5), Iter2(a), Iter2(a+4), OutIter(result), typename T::Comparator());
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+2, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
 
-template <class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
-void
-test()
-{
-    int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
-    const int sa = sizeof(ia)/sizeof(ia[0]);
-    int ib[] = {2, 4, 4, 6};
-    const int sb = sizeof(ib)/sizeof(ib[0]);
-    int ic[20];
-    int ir[] = {2, 4, 4};
-    const int sr = sizeof(ir)/sizeof(ir[0]);
-    OutIter ce = std::set_intersection(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa),
-                                       Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+sb), OutIter(ic), std::less<int>());
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
-    ce = std::set_intersection(Iter1(ib), Iter1(ib+sb),
-                               Iter2(ia), Iter2(ia+sa), OutIter(ic), std::less<int>());
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test3()
+{
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, output_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, forward_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, bidirectional_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, random_access_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, T*>();
 }
 
-int main(int, char**)
+template<class T, class Iter1>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test2()
+{
+    test3<T, Iter1, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, const T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test1()
 {
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, int*>();
+    test2<T, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, const T*>();
+}
+
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test()
+{
+    test1<Trivial>();
+    test1<NonTrivial>();
+    return true;
+}
 
+int main(int, char**)
+{
+    test();
 #if TEST_STD_VER > 17
-    static_assert(test_constexpr());
+    static_assert(test());
 #endif
 
     return 0;
 }

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/set.symmetric.difference/set_symmetric_difference.pass.cpp

 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
+// UNSUPPORTED: clang-8
+
 // <algorithm>
 
 // template<InputIterator InIter1, InputIterator InIter2, typename OutIter>
 //   requires OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter1::reference>
 //         && OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter2::reference>
 //         && HasLess<InIter2::value_type, InIter1::value_type>
 //         && HasLess<InIter1::value_type, InIter2::value_type>
-//   OutIter
-//   set_symmetric_difference(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1,
-//                            InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2,
+//   constexpr OutIter       // constexpr after C++17
+//   set_symmetric_difference(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1, InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2,
 //                            OutIter result);
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "test_macros.h"
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
-template <class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
-void
-test()
-{
-    int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
-    const int sa = sizeof(ia)/sizeof(ia[0]);
-    int ib[] = {2, 4, 4, 6};
-    const int sb = sizeof(ib)/sizeof(ib[0]);
-    int ic[20];
-    int ir[] = {1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 6};
-    const int sr = sizeof(ir)/sizeof(ir[0]);
-    OutIter ce = std::set_symmetric_difference(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa),
-                                               Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+sb), OutIter(ic));
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
-    ce = std::set_symmetric_difference(Iter1(ib), Iter1(ib+sb),
-                                       Iter2(ia), Iter2(ia+sa), OutIter(ic));
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
+struct Trivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    friend TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+    }
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+struct NonTrivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : value(rhs.value) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial& operator=(const NonTrivial& rhs) { value = rhs.value; return *this; }
+    friend TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+    }
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+#if TEST_STD_VER >= 11
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<Trivial>::value, "");
+static_assert(!std::is_trivially_copyable<NonTrivial>::value, "");
+#endif
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test4()
+{
+    const T a[] = {11, 33, 31, 41};
+    const T b[] = {22, 32, 43, 42, 52};
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 22, 31, 42, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::set_symmetric_difference(Iter1(a), Iter1(a+4), Iter2(b), Iter2(b+5), OutIter(result));
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+5, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 22, 31, 42, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::set_symmetric_difference(Iter1(b), Iter1(b+5), Iter2(a), Iter2(a+4), OutIter(result));
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+5, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test3()
+{
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, output_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, forward_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, bidirectional_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, random_access_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test2()
+{
+    test3<T, Iter1, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, const T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test1()
+{
+    test2<T, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, const T*>();
+}
+
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test()
+{
+    test1<Trivial>();
+    test1<NonTrivial>();
+    return true;
 }
 
 int main(int, char**)
 {
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, int*>();
+    test();
+#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
+    static_assert(test());
+#endif
 
     return 0;
 }

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/set.symmetric.difference/set_symmetric_difference_comp.pass.cpp

 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
+// UNSUPPORTED: clang-8
+
 // <algorithm>
 
 // template<InputIterator InIter1, InputIterator InIter2, typename OutIter,
 //          CopyConstructible Compare>
 //   requires OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter1::reference>
 //         && OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter2::reference>
 //         && Predicate<Compare, InIter1::value_type, InIter2::value_type>
 //         && Predicate<Compare, InIter2::value_type, InIter1::value_type>
-//   OutIter
-//   set_symmetric_difference(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1,
-//                            InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2,
+//   constexpr OutIter       // constexpr after C++17
+//   set_symmetric_difference(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1, InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2,
 //                            OutIter result, Compare comp);
 
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <functional>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "test_macros.h"
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
-template <class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
-void
-test()
-{
-    int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
-    const int sa = sizeof(ia)/sizeof(ia[0]);
-    int ib[] = {2, 4, 4, 6};
-    const int sb = sizeof(ib)/sizeof(ib[0]);
-    int ic[20];
-    int ir[] = {1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 6};
-    const int sr = sizeof(ir)/sizeof(ir[0]);
-    OutIter ce = std::set_symmetric_difference(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa),
-                                               Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+sb),
-                                               OutIter(ic), std::less<int>());
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
-    ce = std::set_symmetric_difference(Iter1(ib), Iter1(ib+sb),
-                                       Iter2(ia), Iter2(ia+sa),
-                                       OutIter(ic), std::less<int>());
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
+struct Trivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    struct Comparator {
+        TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator()(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) const {
+            return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+        }
+    };
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+struct NonTrivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : value(rhs.value) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial& operator=(const NonTrivial& rhs) { value = rhs.value; return *this; }
+    struct Comparator {
+        TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator()(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) const {
+            return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+        }
+    };
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+#if TEST_STD_VER >= 11
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<Trivial>::value, "");
+static_assert(!std::is_trivially_copyable<NonTrivial>::value, "");
+#endif
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test4()
+{
+    const T a[] = {11, 33, 31, 41};
+    const T b[] = {22, 32, 43, 42, 52};
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 22, 31, 42, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::set_symmetric_difference(Iter1(a), Iter1(a+4), Iter2(b), Iter2(b+5), OutIter(result), typename T::Comparator());
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+5, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 22, 31, 42, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::set_symmetric_difference(Iter1(b), Iter1(b+5), Iter2(a), Iter2(a+4), OutIter(result), typename T::Comparator());
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+5, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test3()
+{
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, output_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, forward_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, bidirectional_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, random_access_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test2()
+{
+    test3<T, Iter1, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, const T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test1()
+{
+    test2<T, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, const T*>();
+}
+
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test()
+{
+    test1<Trivial>();
+    test1<NonTrivial>();
+    return true;
 }
 
 int main(int, char**)
 {
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, int*>();
+    test();
+#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
+    static_assert(test());
+#endif
 
     return 0;
 }

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/set.union/set_union.pass.cpp

 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
+// UNSUPPORTED: clang-8
+
 // <algorithm>
 
 // template<InputIterator InIter1, InputIterator InIter2, typename OutIter>
 //   requires OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter1::reference>
 //         && OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter2::reference>
 //         && HasLess<InIter2::value_type, InIter1::value_type>
 //         && HasLess<InIter1::value_type, InIter2::value_type>
-//   OutIter
-//   set_union(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1,
-//             InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2, OutIter result);
+//   constexpr OutIter       // constexpr after C++17
+//   set_union(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1, InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2,
+//             OutIter result);
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "test_macros.h"
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
-template <class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
-void
-test()
-{
-    int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
-    const int sa = sizeof(ia)/sizeof(ia[0]);
-    int ib[] = {2, 4, 4, 6};
-    const int sb = sizeof(ib)/sizeof(ib[0]);
-    int ic[20];
-    int ir[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 6};
-    const int sr = sizeof(ir)/sizeof(ir[0]);
-    OutIter ce = std::set_union(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa),
-                                Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+sb), OutIter(ic));
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
-    ce = std::set_union(Iter1(ib), Iter1(ib+sb),
-                        Iter2(ia), Iter2(ia+sa), OutIter(ic));
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
+struct Trivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    friend TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+    }
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+struct NonTrivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : value(rhs.value) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial& operator=(const NonTrivial& rhs) { value = rhs.value; return *this; }
+    friend TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator<(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+    }
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+#if TEST_STD_VER >= 11
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<Trivial>::value, "");
+static_assert(!std::is_trivially_copyable<NonTrivial>::value, "");
+#endif
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test4()
+{
+    const T a[] = {11, 33, 31, 41};
+    const T b[] = {22, 32, 43, 42, 52};
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 22, 33, 31, 41, 42, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::set_union(Iter1(a), Iter1(a+4), Iter2(b), Iter2(b+5), OutIter(result));
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+7, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 22, 32, 31, 43, 42, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::set_union(Iter1(b), Iter1(b+5), Iter2(a), Iter2(a+4), OutIter(result));
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+7, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test3()
+{
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, output_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, forward_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, bidirectional_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, random_access_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test2()
+{
+    test3<T, Iter1, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, const T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test1()
+{
+    test2<T, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, const T*>();
+}
+
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test()
+{
+    test1<Trivial>();
+    test1<NonTrivial>();
+    return true;
 }
 
 int main(int, char**)
 {
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, int*>();
+    test();
+#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
+    static_assert(test());
+#endif
 
     return 0;
 }

libcxx/test/std/algorithms/alg.sorting/alg.set.operations/set.union/set_union_comp.pass.cpp

 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
+// UNSUPPORTED: clang-8
+
 // <algorithm>
 
 // template<InputIterator InIter1, InputIterator InIter2, typename OutIter,
 //          CopyConstructible Compare>
 //   requires OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter1::reference>
 //         && OutputIterator<OutIter, InIter2::reference>
 //         && Predicate<Compare, InIter1::value_type, InIter2::value_type>
 //         && Predicate<Compare, InIter2::value_type, InIter1::value_type>
-//   OutIter
+//   constexpr OutIter       // constexpr after C++17
 //   set_union(InIter1 first1, InIter1 last1, InIter2 first2, InIter2 last2,
 //             OutIter result, Compare comp);
 
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <functional>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include "test_macros.h"
 #include "test_iterators.h"
 
-template <class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
-void
-test()
-{
-    int ia[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4};
-    const int sa = sizeof(ia)/sizeof(ia[0]);
-    int ib[] = {2, 4, 4, 6};
-    const int sb = sizeof(ib)/sizeof(ib[0]);
-    int ic[20];
-    int ir[] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 6};
-    const int sr = sizeof(ir)/sizeof(ir[0]);
-    OutIter ce = std::set_union(Iter1(ia), Iter1(ia+sa),
-                                Iter2(ib), Iter2(ib+sb), OutIter(ic), std::less<int>());
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
-    ce = std::set_union(Iter1(ib), Iter1(ib+sb),
-                        Iter2(ia), Iter2(ia+sa), OutIter(ic), std::less<int>());
-    assert(base(ce) - ic == sr);
-    assert(std::lexicographical_compare(ic, base(ce), ir, ir+sr) == 0);
+struct Trivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR Trivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    struct Comparator {
+        TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator()(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) const {
+            return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+        }
+    };
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const Trivial& a, const Trivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+struct NonTrivial {
+    int value;
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial() : value(0) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(int v) : value(v) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : value(rhs.value) {}
+    TEST_CONSTEXPR NonTrivial& operator=(const NonTrivial& rhs) { value = rhs.value; return *this; }
+    struct Comparator {
+        TEST_CONSTEXPR bool operator()(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) const {
+            return a.value / 10 < b.value / 10;
+        }
+    };
+    static TEST_CONSTEXPR bool less(const NonTrivial& a, const NonTrivial& b) {
+        return a.value < b.value;
+    }
+};
+
+#if TEST_STD_VER >= 11
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable<Trivial>::value, "");
+static_assert(!std::is_trivially_copyable<NonTrivial>::value, "");
+#endif
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2, class OutIter>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test4()
+{
+    const T a[] = {11, 33, 31, 41};
+    const T b[] = {22, 32, 43, 42, 52};
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 22, 33, 31, 41, 42, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::set_union(Iter1(a), Iter1(a+4), Iter2(b), Iter2(b+5), OutIter(result), typename T::Comparator());
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+7, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        T result[20] = {};
+        T expected[] = {11, 22, 32, 31, 43, 42, 52};
+        OutIter end = std::set_union(Iter1(b), Iter1(b+5), Iter2(a), Iter2(a+4), OutIter(result), typename T::Comparator());
+        assert(std::lexicographical_compare(result, base(end), expected, expected+7, T::less) == 0);
+        for (const T *it = base(end); it != result+20; ++it) {
+            assert(it->value == 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1, class Iter2>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test3()
+{
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, output_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, forward_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, bidirectional_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, random_access_iterator<T*> >();
+    test4<T, Iter1, Iter2, T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T, class Iter1>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test2()
+{
+    test3<T, Iter1, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test3<T, Iter1, const T*>();
+}
+
+template<class T>
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 void test1()
+{
+    test2<T, input_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, forward_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, bidirectional_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, random_access_iterator<const T*> >();
+    test2<T, const T*>();
+}
+
+TEST_CONSTEXPR_CXX20 bool test()
+{
+    test1<Trivial>();
+    test1<NonTrivial>();
+    return true;
 }
 
 int main(int, char**)
 {
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<input_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<forward_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<random_access_iterator<const int*>, const int*, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, input_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, forward_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, bidirectional_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, random_access_iterator<const int*>, int*>();
-
-    test<const int*, const int*, output_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, forward_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, bidirectional_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, random_access_iterator<int*> >();
-    test<const int*, const int*, int*>();
+    test();
+#if TEST_STD_VER > 17
+    static_assert(test());
+#endif
 
     return 0;
 }