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[Coroutines] Handle overaligned frame allocation
AbandonedPublic

Authored by ychen on Mar 3 2021, 11:21 PM.

Details

Summary

by over-allocating and emitting alignTo code to adjust the frame start address.

Motivation: on a lot of machines, malloc returns >=std::max_align_t (usually just 16) aligned heap regardless of the coro frame's preferred alignment (usually specified using alignas() on the promise or some local variables). For non-coroutine-related context, this is handled by calling overloaded operator new where an alignment could be specified. For coroutine, spec here https://eel.is/c++draft/dcl.fct.def.coroutine#9.1 suggested that the alignment argument is not considered during name lookup.

Mathias Stearn and @lewissbaker suggested this is the proper workaround before the issue is addressed by the spec.

One example showing the issue: https://gcc.godbolt.org/z/rGzaco

Diff Detail

Event Timeline

There are a very large number of changes, so older changes are hidden. Show Older Changes
ychen added inline comments.Mar 4 2021, 5:22 PM
clang/lib/CodeGen/CGBuiltin.cpp
4451

No, because the adjustment you have to do in coro.alloc isn't just an addition, it's an addition plus a mask, which isn't reversible. Suppose the frame needs to be 32-byte-aligned, but the allocator only promises 8-byte alignment. The problem is that when you go to free a frame pointer, and you see that it's 32-byte-aligned (which, again, it always will be), the pointer you got from the allocator might be the frame pointer minus any of 8, 16, or 24 — or it might be exactly the same. The only way to reverse that is to store some sort of cookie, either the amount to subtract or even just the original pointer.

I got myself confused. This makes perfect sense.

Now, if you could change the entire coroutine ABI, you could make the frame handle that you pass around be the unadjusted pointer and then just repeat the adjustment every time you enter the coroutine. But that doesn't work because the ABI relies on things like the promise being at a reliable offset from the frame handle.

I think the best solution would be to figure out a way to use an aligned allocator, which at worst does this in a more systematic way and at best can actually just satisfy your requirement directly without any overhead. If you can't do that, adding an offset to the frame would be best; if you can't do that, doing it as a cookie is okay.

This is very helpful. I'll explore the adding offset to the frame option first. If it is not plausible, I'll use the cookie method. Thanks!

I am a little confusing about the problem. The example in the link tells the align of the promise instead of the frame. The address of promise and frame is not same. It looks like you're trying to do:

+               +-----------------------------------+
|               |                                   |
+---------------+          frame                    |
| pedding       |                                   |
+               +-----------------------------------+
                ^
                |
                |
                |
                |
                |
                +

              The address of frame matches the offset of promise.

However, what we should do is:

+               +-----------------------------------+
|               |       +--------------+            |
+---------------+frame  | promise      |            |
| pedding       |       <--------------+            |
+               +-----------------------------------+
                ^       |
                |       |
                |       |
                |       |
                |       +
                |       This is what we really want
                +

              The address of frame matches the offset of promise.

If I get the problem problems, I think we can handle this problem in the middle end if the information for the promise remains.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CGBuiltin.cpp
16756

Why we remove the anonymous namespace here?

ychen added a comment.Mar 5 2021, 10:06 AM

I am a little confusing about the problem. The example in the link tells the align of the promise instead of the frame. The address of promise and frame is not same. It looks like you're trying to do:

+               +-----------------------------------+
|               |                                   |
+---------------+          frame                    |
| pedding       |                                   |
+               +-----------------------------------+
                ^
                |
                |
                |
                |
                |
                +

              The address of frame matches the offset of promise.

However, what we should do is:

+               +-----------------------------------+
|               |       +--------------+            |
+---------------+frame  | promise      |            |
| pedding       |       <--------------+            |
+               +-----------------------------------+
                ^       |
                |       |
                |       |
                |       |
                |       +
                |       This is what we really want
                +

              The address of frame matches the offset of promise.

If I get the problem problems, I think we can handle this problem in the middle end if the information for the promise remains.

Not sure I follow. Inside the frame, the promise is in its desired position. It is not properly aligned because the frame start address is underaligned - malloc usually only returns 16 bytes aligned memory whereas alignas could make the preferred alignment larger than that.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CGBuiltin.cpp
16756

I added a common/helper function that takes BuiltinAlignArgs as an argument. Need to move it out of the anonymous namespace to forward declare it.

Let's try to avoid adding a new builtin for what we acknowledge is a workaround. Builtins become part of the language supported by the compiler, so we shouldn't add them casually.

ychen added a comment.Mar 5 2021, 12:28 PM

Let's try to avoid adding a new builtin for what we acknowledge is a workaround. Builtins become part of the language supported by the compiler, so we shouldn't add them casually.

If we're going to use the aligned new in the future, do we still need this builtin, or something else is preferred?

Let's try to avoid adding a new builtin for what we acknowledge is a workaround. Builtins become part of the language supported by the compiler, so we shouldn't add them casually.

If we're going to use the aligned new in the future, do we still need this builtin, or something else is preferred?

Oh, sorry, for some reason I got the impression from the patch that we were adding a new Clang-level builtin. Adding a new LLVM intrinsic seems reasonable to me.

In any case, I don't think we should expose BuiltinAlignArgs outside of CGBuiltin.cpp. Seems like at most we need to add a convenience function on CGBuilderTy to do a pointer round-up-to-alignment operation.

lewissbaker added inline comments.Mar 5 2021, 5:41 PM
clang/lib/CodeGen/CGBuiltin.cpp
4451

There was a proposal to extend the coroutine specification with support for the align_val_t overloads of operator new() when allocating coroutine frames.
See http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2020/p2014r0.pdf

Unfortunately this was not adopted at the time as it was proposed late in the C++20 cycle and there was not yet any implementation experience.

So for now, if the compiler determines that the frame needs to be aligned to a value greater than the default alignment of global operator new it will need to overallocate, align the frame within that buffer and store the offset applied somewhere so that the it can reconstruct the address of the pointer returned from operator new() so that it can pass it to operator delete() on coroutine_handle::destroy().

Note that there was also a meeting to discuss ABI for coroutine frames with the intent that the major coroutines implementations would all (eventually) agree on a compatible coroutine ABI.

The results of this meeting was written up in the doc https://docs.google.com/document/d/1t53lAuQNd3rPqN-VByZabwL6PL2Oyl4zdJxm-gQlhfU/edit?usp=sharing

The end result was that we decided to place any padding needed to align the promise before the resume/destroy function pointers rather than place that padding in-between the function-pointers and the promise. The rationale here being that we can then calculate the address of the promise as a constant offset from the frame address (typically at an offset of two pointers into the frame) rather than the offset being variable depending on the promise type's alignment. This should help building of certain tooling / debuggers / walking async stack-traces etc. as we don't need to know the exact promise type to be able to determine the location of the promise.

The compiler should know exactly how many bytes of padding was added at the start of the frame allocation to get to the frame address and so should be able to translate the coroutine frame address back to the allocation address before destruction - however this also may have an interplay with the support for overaligned frames (which may be required due to overaligned local variables/args and not only based on the promise-type), so I'm mentioning it here.

rjmccall added inline comments.Mar 5 2021, 7:15 PM
clang/lib/CodeGen/CGBuiltin.cpp
4451

Note that there was also a meeting to discuss ABI for coroutine frames with the intent that the major coroutines implementations would all (eventually) agree on a compatible coroutine ABI.

Interesting! Did you consider reaching out to the Itanium C++ ABI group, which has prior expertise in the area of standardizing C++ ABIs?

The end result was that we decided to place any padding needed to align the promise before the resume/destroy function pointers rather than place that padding in-between the function-pointers and the promise.

That is an interesting choice. Is deriving the address of the promise within the frame without knowing what the promise type is actually something that clients need to do? It's not like coroutines carry any reflective information of the sort that exceptions do.

Anyway, okay. So the function pointers are supposed to be "right-justified" so that the promise comes immediately afterwards, and the address point is supposed to point at the first function pointer. That is not what Clang implements, or has ever implemented, but I don't foresee any serious problems in adjusting the LLVM coroutine frame layout code to honor that.

The compiler should know exactly how many bytes of padding was added at the start of the frame allocation to get to the frame address and so should be able to translate the coroutine frame address back to the allocation address before destruction - however this also may have an interplay with the support for overaligned frames (which may be required due to overaligned local variables/args and not only based on the promise-type), so I'm mentioning it here.

Yes, this is basically only true of the adjustment you're talking about for the frame header with overaligned promises. Barring miracles, the only reasonable way to allocate one of these overaligned-promise frames is to round down to the next promise-alignment boundary and then allocate that, and that offset is indeed static given only of the promise type's alignment. But the larger allocation can still exceed allocator alignment, whether from the promise type or just local coroutine state, and that extra offset down to the allocated pointer will be dynamic. Fortunately, I don't think going from the frame pointer to the allocated pointer needs is an ABI-exposed operation, since the frame can only be destroyed by the coroutine itself. That means the details of allocation are essentially entirely implementation-private, and that includes how we adjust the frame pointer for deallocation. Am I missing something?

Unfortunately this was not adopted at the time as it was proposed late in the C++20 cycle and there was not yet any implementation experience.

Hmm. The role of implementation experience here would have been to point out that you hadn't considered over-alignment in your specification. It sounds more like you were running out of time to write the specification and just punted on an issue in the interests of getting the proposal into the standard. Regardless, it seems to me that the obviously correct design is that, if both an aligned and and an unaligned allocation function is available, it's unspecified which one is called, as long as the matching deallocation function is then called later. Are you suggesting that we *must not* do that?

lewissbaker added inline comments.Mar 7 2021, 4:13 PM
clang/lib/CodeGen/CGBuiltin.cpp
4451

Interesting! Did you consider reaching out to the Itanium C++ ABI group, which has prior expertise in the area of standardizing C++ ABIs?

I don't recall if they were contacted, although I believe we did discuss doing so at the time.
Maybe @GorNishanov remembers?

There were LLVM devs (mainly from Google), GCC compiler devs and MS compiler team involved in the discussion.

Is deriving the address of the promise within the frame without knowing what the promise type is actually something that clients need to do?

This is something that I have found a desired to be able to do when implementing async stack trace walking.

At the moment I ended up having to store basically two pointers to the parent coroutine-frame - one a coroutine_handle<void> so I can resume the parent coroutine and another pointer to an AsyncStackFrame stored within the promise so that I can walk to the parent frame.

I would ideally only like to have to store the coroutine_handle and be able to determine from its address the address of the coroutine_handle pointing to the next coroutine-frame.
e.g. by assuming that the promise_type has the continuation as the first data-member.

At the moment I can't make this assumption because the offset from the coroutine_handle::address() to the promise might be variable depending on the concrete promise_type's alignment.

That means the details of allocation are essentially entirely implementation-private, and that includes how we adjust the frame pointer for deallocation. Am I missing something?

I agree with your analysis here.

The role of implementation experience here would have been to point out that you hadn't considered over-alignment in your specification.

Yes, this issue was identified, albeit fairly late, during the standardisation process as a result of implementation experience and raised and discussed.

It sounds more like you were running out of time to write the specification and just punted on an issue in the interests of getting the proposal into the standard

The proposal was already in the standard at the time the issue was identified.

The problem was more that there were a couple of options for how to specify it and we didn't have any implementation experience of either way to inform which way should be chosen. So, yes, we effectively punted the decision until later. My preference is the more complicated design of "Option 1" described in P2014.

it seems to me that the obviously correct design is that, if both an aligned and and an unaligned allocation function is available, it's unspecified which one is called, as long as the matching deallocation function is then called later

Yes, I think this is pretty close to what "Option 1" describes, although I think it describes a slightly more involved overload resolution for deallocation functions than just "call the matching deallocation function".

Are you suggesting that we *must not* do that?

The current specification in C++20 only says that operator new(size_t) overloads are called. So a change that caused it to call operator new(size_t, align_val_t) overloads would be a non-conforming extension to C++20, although possibly one that users would be happy to have.

I am not sure how this would work, maybe I am missing something.
But this patch tries to round up the frame pointer by looking at the difference between the alignment of new and the alignment of the frame.
The alignment of new only gives you the guaranteed alignment for new, but not necessarily the maximum alignment, e.g. if the alignment of new is 16, the returned pointer can still be a multiple 32. And that difference matters.

Let's consider a frame that only has the two pointers and a promise with alignment requirement of 64. The alignment of new is 16.
Now you will calculate the difference to be 48, and create a padding of 48 before the frame:
But if the returned pointer from new is actually a multiple of 32 (but not 64), the frame will no longer be aligned to 64 (but (32 + 48) % 64 = 16).
So from what I can tell, if we cannot pass alignment to new, we need to look at the address returned by new dynamically to decide the padding.

I am not sure how this would work, maybe I am missing something.
But this patch tries to round up the frame pointer by looking at the difference between the alignment of new and the alignment of the frame.
The alignment of new only gives you the guaranteed alignment for new, but not necessarily the maximum alignment, e.g. if the alignment of new is 16, the returned pointer can still be a multiple 32. And that difference matters.

Let's consider a frame that only has the two pointers and a promise with alignment requirement of 64. The alignment of new is 16.
Now you will calculate the difference to be 48, and create a padding of 48 before the frame:
But if the returned pointer from new is actually a multiple of 32 (but not 64), the frame will no longer be aligned to 64 (but (32 + 48) % 64 = 16).

48 is the maximal possible adjustment needed. For this particular case, EmitBuiltinAlignTo would make the real adjustment 32 since (32 + 32) % 64 == 0.

So from what I can tell, if we cannot pass alignment to new, we need to look at the address returned by new dynamically to decide the padding.

Indeed, that's what EmitBuiltinAlignTo is for.

ychen abandoned this revision.Apr 23 2021, 3:12 PM

Pursue D100739 instead.

ychen reclaimed this revision.Apr 29 2021, 12:03 AM
ychen updated this revision to Diff 341418.Apr 29 2021, 12:04 AM
  • Handle deallocation.
  • Fix tests.

@rjmccall the patch is on the large side. I'll submit a separate patch for the Sema part about searching for two allocators.

ychen planned changes to this revision.Apr 29 2021, 10:21 AM

Found a bug. Will fix.

ychen updated this revision to Diff 341591.Apr 29 2021, 11:41 AM
  • fix a bug.

    ready for review.
ychen updated this revision to Diff 341592.Apr 29 2021, 11:43 AM
  • fix typo

For coroutine f0 in test/CodeGenCoroutines/coro-alloc.cpp

The allocation looks like this:

; Function Attrs: noinline nounwind optnone mustprogress
define dso_local void @f0() #0 {
entry:
  %0 = alloca %struct.global_new_delete_tag, align 1
  %1 = alloca %struct.global_new_delete_tag, align 1
  %__promise = alloca %"struct.std::experimental::coroutine_traits<void, global_new_delete_tag>::promise_type", align 1
  %ref.tmp = alloca %struct.suspend_always, align 1
  %undef.agg.tmp = alloca %struct.suspend_always, align 1
  %agg.tmp = alloca %"struct.std::experimental::coroutine_handle", align 1
  %agg.tmp2 = alloca %"struct.std::experimental::coroutine_handle.0", align 1
  %undef.agg.tmp3 = alloca %"struct.std::experimental::coroutine_handle.0", align 1
  %ref.tmp4 = alloca %struct.suspend_always, align 1
  %undef.agg.tmp5 = alloca %struct.suspend_always, align 1
  %agg.tmp7 = alloca %"struct.std::experimental::coroutine_handle", align 1
  %agg.tmp8 = alloca %"struct.std::experimental::coroutine_handle.0", align 1
  %undef.agg.tmp9 = alloca %"struct.std::experimental::coroutine_handle.0", align 1
  %2 = bitcast %"struct.std::experimental::coroutine_traits<void, global_new_delete_tag>::promise_type"* %__promise to i8*
  %3 = call token @llvm.coro.id(i32 16, i8* %2, i8* null, i8* null)
  %4 = call i1 @llvm.coro.alloc(token %3)
  br i1 %4, label %coro.alloc, label %coro.init

coro.alloc:                                       ; preds = %entry
  %5 = call i64 @llvm.coro.size.i64()
  %6 = call i64 @llvm.coro.align.i64()
  %7 = sub nsw i64 %6, 16
  %8 = icmp sgt i64 %7, 0
  %9 = select i1 %8, i64 %7, i64 0
  %10 = add i64 %5, %9
  %call = call noalias nonnull i8* @_Znwm(i64 %10) #11
  br label %coro.check.align

coro.check.align:                                 ; preds = %coro.alloc
  %11 = call i64 @llvm.coro.align.i64()
  %12 = icmp ugt i64 %11, 16
  br i1 %12, label %coro.alloc.align, label %coro.init

coro.alloc.align:                                 ; preds = %coro.check.align
  %mask = sub i64 %11, 1
  %intptr = ptrtoint i8* %call to i64
  %over_boundary = add i64 %intptr, %mask
  %inverted_mask = xor i64 %mask, -1
  %aligned_intptr = and i64 %over_boundary, %inverted_mask
  %diff = sub i64 %aligned_intptr, %intptr
  %aligned_result = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %call, i64 %diff
  call void @llvm.assume(i1 true) [ "align"(i8* %aligned_result, i64 %11) ]
  %13 = call i32 @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset.i32()
  %14 = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %aligned_result, i32 %13
  %15 = bitcast i8* %14 to i8**
  store i8* %call, i8** %15, align 8
  br label %coro.init

coro.init:                                        ; preds = %coro.alloc.align, %coro.check.align, %entry
  %16 = phi i8* [ null, %entry ], [ %call, %coro.check.align ], [ %aligned_result, %coro.alloc.align ]
  %17 = call i8* @llvm.coro.begin(token %3, i8* %16)
  call void @_ZNSt12experimental16coroutine_traitsIJv21global_new_delete_tagEE12promise_type17get_return_objectEv(%"struct.std::experimental::coroutine_traits<void, global_new_delete_tag>::promise_type"* nonnull dereferenceable(1) %__promise)
  call void @_ZNSt12experimental16coroutine_traitsIJv21global_new_delete_tagEE12promise_type15initial_suspendEv(%"struct.std::experimental::coroutine_traits<void, global_new_delete_tag>::promise_type"* nonnull dereferenceable(1) %__promise)
  %call1 = call zeroext i1 @_ZN14suspend_always11await_readyEv(%struct.suspend_always* nonnull dereferenceable(1) %ref.tmp) #2
  br i1 %call1, label %init.ready, label %init.suspend

The deallocation looks like this:

cleanup:                                          ; preds = %final.ready, %final.cleanup, %init.cleanup
  %cleanup.dest.slot.0 = phi i32 [ 0, %final.ready ], [ 2, %final.cleanup ], [ 2, %init.cleanup ]
  %22 = call i8* @llvm.coro.free(token %3, i8* %17)
  %23 = icmp ne i8* %22, null
  br i1 %23, label %coro.free, label %after.coro.free

coro.free:                                        ; preds = %cleanup
  %24 = call i64 @llvm.coro.align.i64()
  %25 = icmp ugt i64 %24, 16
  %26 = call i32 @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset.i32()
  %27 = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %22, i32 %26
  %28 = bitcast i8* %27 to i8**
  %29 = load i8*, i8** %28, align 8
  %30 = select i1 %25, i8* %29, i8* %22
  call void @_ZdlPv(i8* %30) #2
  br label %after.coro.free

after.coro.free:                                  ; preds = %cleanup, %coro.free
  switch i32 %cleanup.dest.slot.0, label %unreachable [
    i32 0, label %cleanup.cont
    i32 2, label %coro.ret
  ]

cleanup.cont:                                     ; preds = %after.coro.free
  br label %coro.ret

coro.ret:                                         ; preds = %cleanup.cont, %after.coro.free, %final.suspend, %init.suspend
  %31 = call i1 @llvm.coro.end(i8* null, i1 false)
  ret void

unreachable:                                      ; preds = %after.coro.free
  unreachable
}
Harbormaster completed remote builds in B101696: Diff 341592.

May I ask a question may be too simple? What if the user specify the alignment for promise (or any other local variables) to 128 or even 256? Since it looks like all the discuss before assumes that the largest alignment requirement is 64.

ychen added a comment.Apr 29 2021, 8:11 PM

May I ask a question may be too simple? What if the user specify the alignment for promise (or any other local variables) to 128 or even 256? Since it looks like all the discuss before assumes that the largest alignment requirement is 64.

64 is one example. Bitwise operations (coro.alloc.align block in the attached example) should handle all valid alignment numbers.

ychen updated this revision to Diff 341756.Apr 29 2021, 8:13 PM
  • Add missed Shape.CoroRawFramePtrOffsets.clear();

May I ask a question may be too simple? What if the user specify the alignment for promise (or any other local variables) to 128 or even 256? Since it looks like all the discuss before assumes that the largest alignment requirement is 64.

64 is one example. Bitwise operations (coro.alloc.align block in the attached example) should handle all valid alignment numbers.

Thanks for the example. And I recommended to add comment for the corresponding code. The code for bit-operation and the example confused me. I would look into this and the other part later.

This code snippets confused me before:

coro.alloc.align:                                 ; preds = %coro.check.align
  %mask = sub i64 %11, 1
  %intptr = ptrtoint i8* %call to i64
  %over_boundary = add i64 %intptr, %mask
  %inverted_mask = xor i64 %mask, -1
  %aligned_intptr = and i64 %over_boundary, %inverted_mask
  %diff = sub i64 %aligned_intptr, %intptr
  %aligned_result = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %call, i64 %diff

This code implies that %diff > 0. Formally, given Align = 2^m, m > 4 and Address=16n, we need to prove that:

(Address + Align -16)&(~(Align-1)) >= Address

&(~Align-1) would make the lowest m bit to 0. And Align-16 equals to 2^m - 16, which is 16*(2^(m-4)-1). Then Address + Align -16 could be 16*(n+2^(m-4)-1).
Then we call X for the value of the lowest m bit of Address + Align -16.
Because X has m bit, so X <= 2^m - 1. Noticed that X should be 16 aligned, so the lowest 4 bit should be zero.
Now,

X <= 2^m - 1 -1 - 2 - 4 - 8 = 2^m - 16

So the inequality we need prove now should be:

16*(n+2^(m-4)-1) - X >= 16n

Given X has the largest value wouldn't affect the inequality, so:

16*(n+2^(m-4)-1) - 2^m + 16 >= 16n

which is very easy now.

The overall prove looks non-travel to me. I spent some time to figure it out. I guess there must be some other people who can't get it immediately. I strongly recommend to add comment and corresponding prove for this code.

ychen added a comment.May 3 2021, 9:51 AM

This code snippets confused me before:

coro.alloc.align:                                 ; preds = %coro.check.align
  %mask = sub i64 %11, 1
  %intptr = ptrtoint i8* %call to i64
  %over_boundary = add i64 %intptr, %mask
  %inverted_mask = xor i64 %mask, -1
  %aligned_intptr = and i64 %over_boundary, %inverted_mask
  %diff = sub i64 %aligned_intptr, %intptr
  %aligned_result = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %call, i64 %diff

This code implies that %diff > 0. Formally, given Align = 2^m, m > 4 and Address=16n, we need to prove that:

(Address + Align -16)&(~(Align-1)) >= Address

&(~Align-1) would make the lowest m bit to 0. And Align-16 equals to 2^m - 16, which is 16*(2^(m-4)-1). Then Address + Align -16 could be 16*(n+2^(m-4)-1).
Then we call X for the value of the lowest m bit of Address + Align -16.
Because X has m bit, so X <= 2^m - 1. Noticed that X should be 16 aligned, so the lowest 4 bit should be zero.
Now,

X <= 2^m - 1 -1 - 2 - 4 - 8 = 2^m - 16

So the inequality we need prove now should be:

16*(n+2^(m-4)-1) - X >= 16n

Given X has the largest value wouldn't affect the inequality, so:

16*(n+2^(m-4)-1) - 2^m + 16 >= 16n

which is very easy now.

The overall prove looks non-travel to me. I spent some time to figure it out. I guess there must be some other people who can't get it immediately. I strongly recommend to add comment and corresponding prove for this code.

The code is equivalent to

(Address + Align -1)&(~(Align-1)) >= Address

which should be correct. It is implemented by CodeGenFunction::EmitBuiltinAlignTo.

ychen planned changes to this revision.May 5 2021, 5:54 PM

Plan to rebase this together with the following patch for two lookups (aligned and non-aligned new/delete, and generate code accordingly)

ychen updated this revision to Diff 343956.EditedMay 9 2021, 7:41 PM
  • Rebase on D102145.
  • Dynamically adjust the alignment for allocation and deallocation if the selected allocator does not have std::align_val_t argument. Otherwise, use the aligned allocation/deallocation function.
ychen updated this revision to Diff 343959.May 9 2021, 8:25 PM
  • Rebase

which should be correct. It is implemented by CodeGenFunction::EmitBuiltinAlignTo.

I agree it is correct. I just want to say we should comment it to avoid confusing.

Since the patch could handle the case if the frontend tries to search ::operator new(size_t, align_val_t), this patch should be based on D102147.

ychen updated this revision to Diff 344602.May 11 2021, 5:11 PM
  • Rebase on updated D102145 (use llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr during allocation)
ychen added a comment.May 11 2021, 5:23 PM

which should be correct. It is implemented by CodeGenFunction::EmitBuiltinAlignTo.

I agree it is correct. I just want to say we should comment it to avoid confusing.

Happy to do it in a separate patch since this patch does not change the implementation of CodeGenFunction::EmitBuiltinAlignTo.

Since the patch could handle the case if the frontend tries to search ::operator new(size_t, align_val_t), this patch should be based on D102147.

This patch *could* handle both aligned and normal new/delete, so it doesn't need D102147 to work correctly?
D102147 depends on this patch since it may find a non-aligned new/delete for overaligned frame. In such a case, this patch is required.

ChuanqiXu added inline comments.May 12 2021, 5:00 AM
clang/include/clang/AST/StmtCXX.h
356–359 ↗(On Diff #344602)

Can't we merge these?

clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
444–482

This code would only work if we use ::operator new(size_t, align_val_t), which is implemented in another patch. I would suggest to move this into that one.

500–516

It looks like it would emit a deallocate first, and emit an alignedDeallocate, which is very odd. Although I can find that the second deallocate wouldn't be emitted due to the check LastCoroFreeUsedForDealloc, it is still very odd to me. If the second deallocate wouldn't come up all the way, what's the reason we need to write emit(deallocate) twice?

659

Since hasAlignArg is called only once, I suggested to make it a lambda here which would make the code more easy to read.

661–663

I recommend to add a detailed comment here to tell the story why we need to over allocate the frame. It is really hard to understand for people who are new to this code. Otherwise, I think they need to use git blame to find the commit id and this review page to figure the reasons out.

665–687

It may be better to organize it as:

if (!HasAlignArg) {
   if (auto *RetOnAllocFailure = S.getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure()) {
       auto *Cond = Builder.CreateICmpNE(AlignedAllocateCall, NullPtr);
       AlignAllocBB2 = createBasicBlock("coro.alloc.align2");
       Builder.CreateCondBr(Cond, AlignAllocBB2, RetOnFailureBB);
       EmitBlock(AlignAllocBB2);
   }
   auto *CoroAlign = Builder.CreateCall(
        CGM.getIntrinsic(llvm::Intrinsic::coro_align, SizeTy));
   ...
}
805

Is it possible that it would return a nullptr value?

ychen marked an inline comment as done.May 12 2021, 9:59 PM
ychen added inline comments.
clang/include/clang/AST/StmtCXX.h
356–359 ↗(On Diff #344602)

I'm not sure about the "merge" here. Could you be more explicit?

clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
444–482

It handles both aligned and normal new/delete.

500–516

Agree that LastCoroFreeUsedForDealloc is a bit confusing. It makes sure deallocation and aligned deallocation share one coro.free. Otherwise, AFAIK, there would be two coro.free get codegen'd.

%mem = llvm.coro.free()
br i1 <overalign> , label <aligend-dealloc>, label <dealloc>

aligend-dealloc:
    use %mem

dealloc:
    use %mem

what's the reason we need to write emit(deallocate) twice?

John wrote a code snippet here: https://reviews.llvm.org/D100739#2717582. I think it would be helpful to look at the changed tests below to see the patterns.

Basically, for allocation, it looks like below; for deallocation, it would be similar.

void *rawFrame =nullptr;
...
if (llvm.coro.alloc()) {
  size_t size = llvm.coro.size(), align = llvm.coro.align();
  if (align > NEW_ALIGN) {
#if <an allocation function without std::align_val_t argument is selected by Sema>
    size += align - NEW_ALIGN + sizeof(void*);
    frame = operator new(size);
    rawFrame = frame;
    frame = (frame + align - 1) & ~(align - 1);
#else
    // If an aligned allocation function is selected.
    frame = operator new(size, align);
#endif
  } else {
    frame = operator new(size);
  }
}

The true branch of the #if directive is equivalent to "coro.alloc.align" block (and "coro.alloc.align2" if get_return_object_on_allocation_failure is defined), the false branch is equivalent to "coro.alloc" block.
The above pattern handles both aligned/normal allocation/deallocation so it is independent of D102147.

659

will do

661–663

will do.

805

Not that I know of. Because there is an early return

if (!CoroFree) {
  CGF.CGM.Error(Deallocate->getBeginLoc(),
                "Deallocation expressoin does not refer to coro.free");
  return;
}
ychen updated this revision to Diff 345053.May 12 2021, 10:58 PM
ychen marked an inline comment as done.
  • Address feedbacks.
ychen marked 3 inline comments as done.May 12 2021, 10:58 PM
ChuanqiXu added inline comments.May 12 2021, 11:06 PM
clang/include/clang/AST/StmtCXX.h
356–359 ↗(On Diff #344602)

Sorry. I mean if we can merge Allocate with AlignedAllocate and merge Deallocate with AlignedDeallocate. Since from the implementation, it looks like the value of Allocate and AlignedAllocate (so as Deallocate and AlignedDeallocate) are the same.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
500–516

Thanks. I get the reason why I am thinking the code isn't natural. Since I think ::operator new(size_t, align_val_t) shouldn't come up in this patch which should be available after D102147 applies. Here you said this patch is independent with D102147, I believe this patch could work without D102147. But it contains the codes which would work only if we applies the successor patch, so I think it is dependent on D102147.

The ideally relationship for me is to merge D102145 into this one (Otherwise it is weird for me that D102145 only introduces some intrinsics which wouldn't be used actually). Then this patch should handle the alignment for variables in coroutine frame without introducing ::new(size_t, align_val_t). Then the final patch could do the job that searching and generating code for ::new(size_t, align_val_t).

Maybe it is a little bit hard to rebase again and again. But I think it is better.

805

Do you think it is better to merge this check here?

 if (CurCoro.Data && CurCoro.Data->LastCoroFreeUsedForDealloc) {
     if (!CoroFree) {
          CGF.CGM.Error(Deallocate->getBeginLoc(),
                "Deallocation expressoin does not refer to coro.free");
          return something;
     }
    return RValue::get(CurCoro.Data->LastCoroFree);
}
ychen added inline comments.May 12 2021, 11:19 PM
clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
500–516

I think I know where the confusion comes from. AlignedDeallocate is not guaranteed to be an aligned allocator. In this patch in SemaCoroutine.cpp, it is set to Deallocate in which case we always dynamically adjust frame alignment. Once D102147 is landed. AlignedDeallocate may or may not be an aligned allocator.

The ideally relationship for me is to merge D102145 into this one (Otherwise it is weird for me that D102145 only introduces some intrinsics which wouldn't be used actually). Then this patch should handle the alignment for variables in coroutine frame without introducing ::new(size_t, align_val_t). Then the final patch could do the job that searching and generating code for ::new(size_t, align_val_t).

I was worried about the size of the patch if this is merged with D102145 but if that is preferred by more than one reviewer, I'll go ahead and do that. D102145 is pretty self-contained in that it does not contain clients of the added intrinsics but the introduced test should cover the expected intrinsic lowering.

ychen added inline comments.May 12 2021, 11:22 PM
clang/include/clang/AST/StmtCXX.h
356–359 ↗(On Diff #344602)

Oh, this is to set the path for D102147 where Allocate and AlignedAllocate could be different. If I do this in D102147, it will also touch the CGCoroutine.cpp which I'm trying to avoid` since it is intended to be a Sema only patch.

ychen added inline comments.May 12 2021, 11:29 PM
clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
500–516

Naming is hard. I had a hard time figuring out a better name. AlignedDeallocate/AlignedAllocate is intended to refer to allocator/deallocator used for handling overaligned frame. Not that they are referring to allocator/deallocator with std::align_val_t argument.

ChuanqiXu added inline comments.May 12 2021, 11:39 PM
clang/include/clang/AST/StmtCXX.h
356–359 ↗(On Diff #344602)

Yeah, this is the key different point between us. I think that D102147 could and should to touch the CodeGen part.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
500–516

I think it is better for me to merge D102145 into this one to understand this patch. For example, the test cases in D102145 looks weird to me since it doesn't do over alignment at all like we discussed in that thread. Maybe my understanding is not right, but I think it isn't pretty self-contained. I am OK to wait for opinions from other reviewers.

ychen updated this revision to Diff 352189.Jun 15 2021, 10:47 AM

Thanks a lot. Could you add me as a reviewer? So that I can see this patch in my main page.

It looks not easy to review completely. After a rough review, the first suggest is to remove the contents that should be in 'D102147', it makes the complex problem more complex I think.
I would try to do more detailed review and test it if possible.

clang/include/clang/AST/StmtCXX.h
331–335 ↗(On Diff #352189)

Minor issue: the intention of the comments should be the same.

356–359 ↗(On Diff #344602)

As we discussed before, I prefer to merge Allocate and AlignedAllocate (also Deallocate and AlignedDeallocate ) in this patch. It looks weird the are the same in one commit.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CodeGenFunction.h
1888–1889

We shouldn't add this interface. The actual type for the first argument is BuiltinAlignArgs*, which defined in .cpp files. The signature is confusing.

ChuanqiXu added inline comments.Jun 15 2021, 11:23 PM
clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
419

We should capitalize it as 'OverAllocateFrame'

668–673

if (HasAlignArg) should be the content of the next patch 'D102147', right? I don't think they should come here.

710–711

Maybe we could calculate it in place instead of trying to call a function which is not designed for llvm::value*. It looks like the calculation isn't too complex.

720

Does here miss a branch to InitBB?

ychen updated this revision to Diff 352617.Jun 16 2021, 8:22 PM
ychen marked 3 inline comments as done.
  • Remove AlignedAllocator & AlignedDeallocator.
  • Use 'OverAllocateFrame'
  • Get rid of if (HasAlignArg)
clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
710–711

I'm open to not calling EmitBuiltinAlignTo, which basically inline the useful parts of EmitBuiltinAlignTo. The initial intention is code sharing and easy readability. What's the benefit of not calling it?

720

EmitBlock would handle the case.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CodeGenFunction.h
1888–1889

This is a private function, supposedly only meaningful for the implementation. In that situation do you think it's bad?

It misses the part in llvm now.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
436–474

We don't need this in this patch.

476

Capitalize EmitCheckAlignBasicBlock

530–531

Do we still need this change?

710–711

Reusing code is good. But my main concern is that the design for the interfaces. The current design smells bad to me. Another reason for implement it in place is I think it is not very complex and easy to understand.

Another option I got is to implement EmitBuitinAlign in LLVM (someplace like Local), then the CodeGenFunction:: EmitBuitinAlign and this function could use it.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CodeGenFunction.h
1888–1889

It makes no sense to me that we can add interfaces casually if it is private. For the users of Clang/LLVM, it may be OK since they wouldn't look into the details. But for the developers, it matters. For example, I must be very confused when I see this signature. Why is the type of Args is void*? What's the type should I passed in? The smell is really bad.

ychen updated this revision to Diff 352810.Jun 17 2021, 11:43 AM
  • Rebase correctly
ychen updated this revision to Diff 352908.Jun 17 2021, 8:40 PM
ychen marked 2 inline comments as done.
  • Not use void * in EmitBuiltinAlignTo signature.
clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
436–474

Do you mean // Match size_t argument with the one used during allocation. or the function emitDynamicAlignedDealloc? I think either is needed here. Could you please elaborate?

530–531

Nope

710–711

Reusing code is good. But my main concern is that the design for the interfaces. The current design smells bad to me. Another reason for implement it in place is I think it is not very complex and easy to understand.

Another option I got is to implement EmitBuitinAlign in LLVM (someplace like Local), then the CodeGenFunction:: EmitBuitinAlign and this function could use it.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CodeGenFunction.h
1888–1889

It makes no sense to me that we can add interfaces casually if it is private. For the users of Clang/LLVM, it may be OK since they wouldn't look into the details. But for the developers, it matters. For example, I must be very confused when I see this signature. Why is the type of Args is void*? What's the type should I passed in? The smell is really bad.

A remained question.

  • what's the semantics if user specified their allocation/deallocation functions?

Previously, we discussed for the ::operator new and ::operator delete. But what would we do for user specified allocation/deallocation functions?
It looks like we would treat them just like ::operator new. And it makes sense at the first glance. But the problem comes from that we judge whether
or not to over allocate a frame by this condition:

coro.align > align of new

But if the user uses their new, it makes no sense to use the align of new as the condition. On the other hand, if user specified their new function and the
alignment requirement for their promise type, would it be better really that the compiler do the extra transformation?

May be we need to discuss with other guys who are more familiar with the C++ standard to answer this.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
419

It looks like we'd better to add comment for this function.

420

CoroSizeIdx should be zero all the time in this patch.

430–432

In other comments, I find 'size += align - NEW_ALIGN + sizeof(void*);'. But I don't find sizeof(void*) in this function.

436–474

Sorry for that I misunderstand this function earlier.

451–460

We allocate overaligned-frame like:

| --- for align --- | --- true frame --- |

And here we set the argument to the address of true frame. Then I wonder how about the memory for the for align part. Would we still free them correctly? Maybe I missed something.

465–471

We don't need to handle this condition in this patch.

621

It may be better to rename AlignAllocBB2 as AlignAllocBBCont or something similar.

690

It looks better to add an assert for RetOnFailureBB. I think it may be nullptr at the first glance.

704–705

We remove this assignment and use AlignedUpAddr directly in the following.

710–711

I guess you forgot to reply what you want to say.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CodeGenFunction.h
1888–1889

It looks like you missed something?

llvm/lib/Transforms/Coroutines/CoroFrame.cpp
770–774

Why we move this snippet to the front? Although it is not defined, the layout for the current frame would be:

| resume func addr | destroy func addr | promise | other things needed |

Move this to the front may break this.

778–781

We need to edit the comment too.

ychen marked 5 inline comments as done.Jun 22 2021, 12:02 AM

A remained question.

  • what's the semantics if user specified their allocation/deallocation functions?

Previously, we discussed for the ::operator new and ::operator delete. But what would we do for user specified allocation/deallocation functions?
It looks like we would treat them just like ::operator new. And it makes sense at the first glance. But the problem comes from that we judge whether
or not to over allocate a frame by this condition:

coro.align > align of new

But if the user uses their new, it makes no sense to use the align of new as the condition. On the other hand, if user specified their new function and the
alignment requirement for their promise type, would it be better really that the compiler do the extra transformation?

May be we need to discuss with other guys who are more familiar with the C++ standard to answer this.

I think @rjmccall could answer these. My understanding is that user-specified allocation/deallocation has the same semantics as their standard library's counterparts. align of new (aka STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT) should apply to both.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
430–432

Sorry, that's a stale comment. It should be size += align - NEW_ALIGN. The sizeof(void*) was supposed for the newly added raw memory pointer stored in the frame. In the current implementation, sizeof(void*) is factored into the llvm.coro.size() calculation because CoroFrame is responsible for allocating the extra raw memory pointer if it is needed at all.

451–460

Would we still free them correctly?

Yes, that's the tricky part. Using f0 of coro-alloc.cpp as an example, llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr is called at alloc time to save the raw memory pointer to the coroutine frame. Later at dealloc time, llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr is called again to load the raw memory pointer back and free it.

465–471

This handling is for sized delete (void T::operator delete ( void* ptr, std::size_t sz );) instead of aligned delete. sized delete needs the same size that is used for new. Please check the f3 test in coro-alloc.cpp (The test was missing the CHECK lines for this, I've added it.).

710–711

Yep, I meant to say the use of "void *" is removed.

llvm/lib/Transforms/Coroutines/CoroFrame.cpp
770–774

The intent is to structure the code better, no intention to change the frame layout here. My understanding is that promise already has a fixed offset ahead of this. FrameData::Allocas is ordered but there is no defined semantics. There seem no tests failing due to reordered frame layout. However, I might be wrong. Could you describe how it changes the layout?

ychen updated this revision to Diff 353567.Jun 22 2021, 12:02 AM
ychen marked an inline comment as done.
  • Address comments

A remained question.

  • what's the semantics if user specified their allocation/deallocation functions?

Previously, we discussed for the ::operator new and ::operator delete. But what would we do for user specified allocation/deallocation functions?
It looks like we would treat them just like ::operator new. And it makes sense at the first glance. But the problem comes from that we judge whether
or not to over allocate a frame by this condition:

coro.align > align of new

But if the user uses their new, it makes no sense to use the align of new as the condition. On the other hand, if user specified their new function and the
alignment requirement for their promise type, would it be better really that the compiler do the extra transformation?

May be we need to discuss with other guys who are more familiar with the C++ standard to answer this.

I think @rjmccall could answer these. My understanding is that user-specified allocation/deallocation has the same semantics as their standard library's counterparts. align of new (aka STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT) should apply to both.

Yeah, I just curious about the question and not sure about the answer yet. I agree with that it should be safe if we treat user-specified allocation/deallocation as ::operator new. Maybe I am a little bit of pedantry. I just not sure if the developer would be satisfied when they find we allocate padding space they didn't want when they offered a new/delete method. (Maybe I am too anxious).


Another problem I find in this patch is that the introduction for raw frame makes the frame confusing. For example, the following codes is aim to calculate the size for the over allocated frame:

%[[SIZE:.+]] = call i64 @llvm.coro.size.i64()
%[[NEWSIZE:.+]] = add i64 %[[SIZE]], %[[PAD]]
%[[MEM2:.+]] = call noalias nonnull i8* @_Znwm(i64 %[[NEWSIZE]])

It makes sense only if llvm.coro.size stands for the size of 'true frame' (I am not sure what's the meaning for raw frame now. Let me use 'true frame' temporarily). But the document now says that '@llvm.coro.size' returns the size of the frame. It's confusing
I am not require to fix it by rename 'llvm.coro.size' or rephrase the document simply. I am thinking about the the semantics of coroutine intrinsics after we introduce the concept of 'raw frame'.

clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
423

So if this would be called for deallocate. the function name is confusing. I think it may be better to rename it as something like 'GeSizeOFtOverAlignedFrame' (The name suggested looks not good too).
By the way, now I am wondering why wouldn't we use llvm.coro.size directly? And make the middle end to handle it. How do you think about it?

451–460

To make it clear, what's the definition for 'raw ptr'? From the context, I think it means the true frame in above diagram from the context.

So this confuses me:

llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr is called again to load the raw memory pointer back and free it.

If the raw memory means the true frame, it may not be right. Since the part for 'for-align' wouldn't be freed.

465–471

hmm, I understand it a bit more now.

688

How do your think about to replace EmitBuiltinAlignTo inplace?

clang/test/CodeGenCoroutines/coro-alloc.cpp
98

It defines variable 'MEM' again in conflicting with the line at 89. Does it matter?

llvm/lib/Transforms/Coroutines/CoroFrame.cpp
770–774

Sorry, I made a mistake. This move should be OK. My bad.

A remained question.

  • what's the semantics if user specified their allocation/deallocation functions?

Previously, we discussed for the ::operator new and ::operator delete. But what would we do for user specified allocation/deallocation functions?
It looks like we would treat them just like ::operator new. And it makes sense at the first glance. But the problem comes from that we judge whether
or not to over allocate a frame by this condition:

coro.align > align of new

But if the user uses their new, it makes no sense to use the align of new as the condition. On the other hand, if user specified their new function and the
alignment requirement for their promise type, would it be better really that the compiler do the extra transformation?

May be we need to discuss with other guys who are more familiar with the C++ standard to answer this.

I think @rjmccall could answer these. My understanding is that user-specified allocation/deallocation has the same semantics as their standard library's counterparts. align of new (aka STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT) should apply to both.

Yeah, I just curious about the question and not sure about the answer yet. I agree with that it should be safe if we treat user-specified allocation/deallocation as ::operator new. Maybe I am a little bit of pedantry. I just not sure if the developer would be satisfied when they find we allocate padding space they didn't want when they offered a new/delete method. (Maybe I am too anxious).


Another problem I find in this patch is that the introduction for raw frame makes the frame confusing. For example, the following codes is aim to calculate the size for the over allocated frame:

%[[SIZE:.+]] = call i64 @llvm.coro.size.i64()
%[[NEWSIZE:.+]] = add i64 %[[SIZE]], %[[PAD]]
%[[MEM2:.+]] = call noalias nonnull i8* @_Znwm(i64 %[[NEWSIZE]])

It makes sense only if llvm.coro.size stands for the size of 'true frame' (I am not sure what's the meaning for raw frame now. Let me use 'true frame' temporarily). But the document now says that '@llvm.coro.size' returns the size of the frame. It's confusing
I am not require to fix it by rename 'llvm.coro.size' or rephrase the document simply. I am thinking about the the semantics of coroutine intrinsics after we introduce the concept of 'raw frame'.

These are great points. The semantics of some coroutine intrinsics needs a little bit of tweaking otherwise they are confusing with the introduction of raw frame (suggestions for alternative names are much appreciated) which I defined in the updated patch (Coroutines.rst). Docs for llvm.coro.size mentions coroutine frame which I've used verbatim in the docs for llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.*.
Using your diagram below: raw frame is | --- for align --- | --- true frame --- |. Coroutine frame is | --- true frame --- |. (BTW, llvm.coro.begin docs are stale which I updated in the patch, please take a look @ChuanqiXu @rjmccall @lxfind).

clang/lib/CodeGen/CGCoroutine.cpp
423

So if this would be called for deallocate. the function name is confusing. I think it may be better to rename it as something like 'GeSizeOFtOverAlignedFrame' (The name suggested looks not good too).

Renamed to GrowFrameSize since there are similar uses of grow in LLVM. Please let me know if it makes sense.

By the way, now I am wondering why wouldn't we use llvm.coro.size directly? And make the middle end to handle it. How do you think about it?

I think it works to a certain degree and attempted it with D100739. In theory, the over-alignment handling should be dealt with in the front-end since that's an ABI issue (not specified in any ABI documentation though). However, coroutine is special since the optimizer could change the alignment so there must be some work that needs to be delayed until CoroSplit(CoroFrame) time. In D100739, I was trying to argue that more than one frontend may need this over-alignment handling hence it *might* be ok to implement all work in LLVM. @rjmccall (https://reviews.llvm.org/D100739#2718681) seems not a fan of that and thinks llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset could be the way forward hence the current design which let front-end do all the work and leave the required piece to LLVM. That required piece is, at CoroSplit(CoroFrame) time, decide if the frame is over-aligned and if so add the raw frame pointer to the frame itself.

451–460

I've updated the coroutine.rst to a hopefully better explanation of the semantics of the newly added intrinsics.

With the above diagram, raw frame is the whole thing | --- for align --- | --- true frame --- |, raw frame ptr points to the left bar of for align.

688

I think with the interface issue being fixed, it is preferable to call it but I don't feel strongly about it so I just went ahead inlined EmitBuiltinAlignTo to help review/discussion.

clang/test/CodeGenCoroutines/coro-alloc.cpp
98

It should not matter. It works like variable definitions. Uses always get the most recent definitions. "FileCheck variables can be defined multiple times, and substitutions always get the latest value. Variables can also be substituted later on the same line they were defined on."

ychen updated this revision to Diff 353855.Jun 23 2021, 12:00 AM
  • Update intrinsics documentation.
  • Inline EmitBuiltinAlignTo as emitAlignUpTo.
  • Address other comments.

A remained question.

  • what's the semantics if user specified their allocation/deallocation functions?

Previously, we discussed for the ::operator new and ::operator delete. But what would we do for user specified allocation/deallocation functions?
It looks like we would treat them just like ::operator new. And it makes sense at the first glance. But the problem comes from that we judge whether
or not to over allocate a frame by this condition:

coro.align > align of new

But if the user uses their new, it makes no sense to use the align of new as the condition. On the other hand, if user specified their new function and the
alignment requirement for their promise type, would it be better really that the compiler do the extra transformation?

May be we need to discuss with other guys who are more familiar with the C++ standard to answer this.

I think @rjmccall could answer these. My understanding is that user-specified allocation/deallocation has the same semantics as their standard library's counterparts. align of new (aka STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT) should apply to both.

Yeah, I just curious about the question and not sure about the answer yet. I agree with that it should be safe if we treat user-specified allocation/deallocation as ::operator new. Maybe I am a little bit of pedantry. I just not sure if the developer would be satisfied when they find we allocate padding space they didn't want when they offered a new/delete method. (Maybe I am too anxious).


Another problem I find in this patch is that the introduction for raw frame makes the frame confusing. For example, the following codes is aim to calculate the size for the over allocated frame:

%[[SIZE:.+]] = call i64 @llvm.coro.size.i64()
%[[NEWSIZE:.+]] = add i64 %[[SIZE]], %[[PAD]]
%[[MEM2:.+]] = call noalias nonnull i8* @_Znwm(i64 %[[NEWSIZE]])

It makes sense only if llvm.coro.size stands for the size of 'true frame' (I am not sure what's the meaning for raw frame now. Let me use 'true frame' temporarily). But the document now says that '@llvm.coro.size' returns the size of the frame. It's confusing
I am not require to fix it by rename 'llvm.coro.size' or rephrase the document simply. I am thinking about the the semantics of coroutine intrinsics after we introduce the concept of 'raw frame'.

These are great points. The semantics of some coroutine intrinsics needs a little bit of tweaking otherwise they are confusing with the introduction of raw frame (suggestions for alternative names are much appreciated) which I defined in the updated patch (Coroutines.rst). Docs for llvm.coro.size mentions coroutine frame which I've used verbatim in the docs for llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.*.
Using your diagram below: raw frame is | --- for align --- | --- true frame --- |. Coroutine frame is | --- true frame --- |. (BTW, llvm.coro.begin docs are stale which I updated in the patch, please take a look @ChuanqiXu @rjmccall @lxfind).

Thanks for clarifying. Let's solve the semantics problem first.
With the introduction about 'raw frame', I think it's necessary to introduce this concept in the section 'Switched-Resume Lowering' or even the section 'Introduction' in the document. Add a section to tell the terminology is satisfied too.

Then why we defined both 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' and 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr' together? It looks like refer to the same value finally. It looks like 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' are trying to solve the problem about memory leak. But I think we could use llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr directly instead of traversing the frame (Maybe we need to add an intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.size). Then we can omit a field in the frame to save space.

Then I am a little confused for the design again, since we would treat the value for CoroBegin as the address of coroutine frame in the past and it looks like to be the raw frame now. Let me reconsider if it is OK.

llvm/docs/Coroutines.rst
963

'`llvm.coro.align`'

llvm.coro.align

1023

coroutine frame

From the implementation, it looks like raw frame. I am not sure if it is problematic now since CoroElide pass would convert the frame to an alloca.

1060

the coroutine frame

It should be the raw frame now, isn't it?

ychen added a comment.Jun 29 2021, 4:48 PM

Thanks for clarifying. Let's solve the semantics problem first.
With the introduction about 'raw frame', I think it's necessary to introduce this concept in the section 'Switched-Resume Lowering' or even the section 'Introduction' in the document. Add a section to tell the terminology is satisfied too.

Done.

Then why we defined both 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' and 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr' together? It looks like refer to the same value finally. It looks like 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' are trying to solve the problem about memory leak. But I think we could use llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr directly instead of traversing the frame (Maybe we need to add an intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.size). Then we can omit a field in the frame to save space.

("llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" is an offset from coroutine frame address instead of raw frame pointer)

Apologies for the confusion. I've briefly explained it here https://reviews.llvm.org/D102145#2752445 I think it is not clear. "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is conceptually "the address of a coroutine frame field storing the raw frame pointer" only after insertSpills in CoroFrame.cpp. Before that, "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is actually an alloca storing the raw frame pointer (try grepping "alloc.frame.ptr" in this review page). Using "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" instead of "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is doable which looks like below, please check line 31. The downside is that the write to coroutine frame is not through an alloca but a direct write. It is unusual because all fields in the frame are stored as 1. special/header fields 2. alloca 3. splills. Doing the write indirectly as Alloca makes me comfortable. The tradeoff is one extra intrinsic "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr". What do you think?

19 coro.alloc.align:                                 ; preds = %coro.alloc.check.align
20   %3 = sub nsw i64 64, 16
21   %4 = add i64 128, %3
22   %call1 = call noalias nonnull i8* @_Znwm(i64 %4) #13
23   %mask = sub i64 64, 1
24   %intptr = ptrtoint i8* %call1 to i64
25   %over_boundary = add i64 %intptr, %mask
26   %inverted_mask = xor i64 %mask, -1
27   %aligned_intptr = and i64 %over_boundary, %inverted_mask
28   %diff = sub i64 %aligned_intptr, %intptr
29   %aligned_result = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %call1, i64 %diff
30   call void @llvm.assume(i1 true) [ "align"(i8* %aligned_result, i64 64) ]
31   store i8* %call1, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8                     

     ; Replace line 31 with below, and must makes sure line 46~line 48 is skipped.
     ; %poff = call i32 @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset.i32()
     ; %addr = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %aligned_result, i32 %poff
     ; %addr1 = bitcast i8* %addr to i8**
     ; store i8* %call1, i8** %addr1, align 8


32   br label %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align
33
34 coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align:                  ; preds = %coro.alloc.align
35   %aligned_result.coro.init = phi i8* [ %aligned_result, %coro.alloc.align ]
36   br label %coro.init
37
38 coro.init:                                        ; preds = %coro.init.from.entry, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align, %cor
   o.init.from.coro.alloc
39   %5 = phi i8* [ %.coro.init, %coro.init.from.entry ], [ %call.coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc ], [ %aligned_result
   .coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align ]
40   %FramePtr = bitcast i8* %5 to %f0.Frame*
41   %resume.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 0
42   store void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.resume, void (%f0.Frame*)** %resume.addr, align 8
43   %6 = select i1 true, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.destroy, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.cleanup
44   %destroy.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 1
45   store void (%f0.Frame*)* %6, void (%f0.Frame*)** %destroy.addr, align 8
46   %7 = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 2
47   %8 = load i8*, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8
48   store i8* %8, i8** %7, align 8
49   br label %AllocaSpillBB
50
51 AllocaSpillBB:                                    ; preds = %coro.init
52   %.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 4
53   %ref.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 5
54   %agg.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 6
55   %ref.tmp5.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 7
56   %agg.tmp8.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 8
57   %__promise.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 10
58   br label %PostSpill

Then I am a little confused for the design again, since we would treat the value for CoroBegin as the address of coroutine frame in the past and it looks like to be the raw frame now. Let me reconsider if it is OK.

The returned value of CoroBegin is still coroutine frame not a raw frame even if the frame is overaligned. You could check the above code.

ychen updated this revision to Diff 355401.Jun 29 2021, 4:48 PM
  • Add description of raw frame in Coroutines.rst.

I am a little busy this week. I would try to look into this next week if possible.

Thanks for clarifying. Let's solve the semantics problem first.
With the introduction about 'raw frame', I think it's necessary to introduce this concept in the section 'Switched-Resume Lowering' or even the section 'Introduction' in the document. Add a section to tell the terminology is satisfied too.

Done.

Then why we defined both 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' and 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr' together? It looks like refer to the same value finally. It looks like 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' are trying to solve the problem about memory leak. But I think we could use llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr directly instead of traversing the frame (Maybe we need to add an intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.size). Then we can omit a field in the frame to save space.

("llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" is an offset from coroutine frame address instead of raw frame pointer)

Apologies for the confusion. I've briefly explained it here https://reviews.llvm.org/D102145#2752445 I think it is not clear. "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is conceptually "the address of a coroutine frame field storing the raw frame pointer" only after insertSpills in CoroFrame.cpp. Before that, "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is actually an alloca storing the raw frame pointer (try grepping "alloc.frame.ptr" in this review page). Using "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" instead of "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is doable which looks like below, please check line 31. The downside is that the write to coroutine frame is not through an alloca but a direct write. It is unusual because all fields in the frame are stored as 1. special/header fields 2. alloca 3. splills. Doing the write indirectly as Alloca makes me comfortable. The tradeoff is one extra intrinsic "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr". What do you think?

19 coro.alloc.align:                                 ; preds = %coro.alloc.check.align
20   %3 = sub nsw i64 64, 16
21   %4 = add i64 128, %3
22   %call1 = call noalias nonnull i8* @_Znwm(i64 %4) #13
23   %mask = sub i64 64, 1
24   %intptr = ptrtoint i8* %call1 to i64
25   %over_boundary = add i64 %intptr, %mask
26   %inverted_mask = xor i64 %mask, -1
27   %aligned_intptr = and i64 %over_boundary, %inverted_mask
28   %diff = sub i64 %aligned_intptr, %intptr
29   %aligned_result = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %call1, i64 %diff
30   call void @llvm.assume(i1 true) [ "align"(i8* %aligned_result, i64 64) ]
31   store i8* %call1, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8                     

     ; Replace line 31 with below, and must makes sure line 46~line 48 is skipped.
     ; %poff = call i32 @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset.i32()
     ; %addr = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %aligned_result, i32 %poff
     ; %addr1 = bitcast i8* %addr to i8**
     ; store i8* %call1, i8** %addr1, align 8


32   br label %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align
33
34 coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align:                  ; preds = %coro.alloc.align
35   %aligned_result.coro.init = phi i8* [ %aligned_result, %coro.alloc.align ]
36   br label %coro.init
37
38 coro.init:                                        ; preds = %coro.init.from.entry, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align, %cor
   o.init.from.coro.alloc
39   %5 = phi i8* [ %.coro.init, %coro.init.from.entry ], [ %call.coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc ], [ %aligned_result
   .coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align ]
40   %FramePtr = bitcast i8* %5 to %f0.Frame*
41   %resume.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 0
42   store void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.resume, void (%f0.Frame*)** %resume.addr, align 8
43   %6 = select i1 true, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.destroy, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.cleanup
44   %destroy.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 1
45   store void (%f0.Frame*)* %6, void (%f0.Frame*)** %destroy.addr, align 8
46   %7 = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 2
47   %8 = load i8*, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8
48   store i8* %8, i8** %7, align 8
49   br label %AllocaSpillBB
50
51 AllocaSpillBB:                                    ; preds = %coro.init
52   %.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 4
53   %ref.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 5
54   %agg.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 6
55   %ref.tmp5.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 7
56   %agg.tmp8.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 8
57   %__promise.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 10
58   br label %PostSpill

Then I am a little confused for the design again, since we would treat the value for CoroBegin as the address of coroutine frame in the past and it looks like to be the raw frame now. Let me reconsider if it is OK.

The returned value of CoroBegin is still coroutine frame not a raw frame even if the frame is overaligned. You could check the above code.

Thanks for clarifying!

I don't understand why we need to store the address for coroutine raw frame in the coroutine frame. For example, %call1 in your example marks the address for the raw frame. Then can we use the value %call1 in every place where we want to use the address for coroutine frame?
If yes, I think we could emit an intrinsic called 'llvm.coro.raw.frame' in the frontend if we need to use the address for the raw frame. Then in the middle end, we could replace llvm.coro.raw.frame with %call1 simply. Similarly, we could define intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.frame.size. As far as I know from the codes, the address for the coroutine frame is mainly used for deallocation. So it should be fine I guess.


Then the code generated now looks roughly like:

if (should over align) {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
} else {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
}
coro.begin(id, mem);

It looks redundant since the then part and else part looks very similar. I understand it would be eliminated in the middle end. But another problem is that the redundant implementation in clang. Maybe we could solve it by refactoring.
But I am wondering if it is possible to use another pattern (assume llvm.coro.alloc returns true):

%raw.frame.ptr = new(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())
%true.frame.ptr = call @llvm.coro.frame(%raw.frame.ptr, NEW_ALIGN) ; we need a better name
call @llvm.coro.begin(coro.id, %true.frame.ptr)

Then for llvm.coro.frame, we could return @raw.frame.ptr simply if the alignment could be satisfied (alignment needed is less than NEW_ALIGN). Or we could do simply to align up for the coroutine frame. There are many APIs in Align.h.
And for the destruction, we could emit:

call @delete(%raw.frame.ptr, call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())

In this way, I guess we would get simpler implementation and generated codes.

BTW, if we choose to do so, the semantics for llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr and llvm.coro.size would change slightly. They would stands for the address and size for the coroutine frame if we don't need over alignment.

How do you think about this?

llvm/docs/Coroutines.rst
65

Since we over align coroutine frame for switched-resume lowering coroutines only, it may be better to move this section under switched-resume lowering section.

67

I prefer to reword "sometimes" to a clearer condition. Like "When the align required is bigger than 16".

ychen updated this revision to Diff 356838.Jul 6 2021, 5:23 PM
ychen marked 2 inline comments as done.
  • Move raw frame description to Switched-Resume section.
ychen added a comment.Jul 6 2021, 5:23 PM

Thanks for clarifying. Let's solve the semantics problem first.
With the introduction about 'raw frame', I think it's necessary to introduce this concept in the section 'Switched-Resume Lowering' or even the section 'Introduction' in the document. Add a section to tell the terminology is satisfied too.

Done.

Then why we defined both 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' and 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr' together? It looks like refer to the same value finally. It looks like 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' are trying to solve the problem about memory leak. But I think we could use llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr directly instead of traversing the frame (Maybe we need to add an intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.size). Then we can omit a field in the frame to save space.

("llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" is an offset from coroutine frame address instead of raw frame pointer)

Apologies for the confusion. I've briefly explained it here https://reviews.llvm.org/D102145#2752445 I think it is not clear. "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is conceptually "the address of a coroutine frame field storing the raw frame pointer" only after insertSpills in CoroFrame.cpp. Before that, "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is actually an alloca storing the raw frame pointer (try grepping "alloc.frame.ptr" in this review page). Using "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" instead of "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is doable which looks like below, please check line 31. The downside is that the write to coroutine frame is not through an alloca but a direct write. It is unusual because all fields in the frame are stored as 1. special/header fields 2. alloca 3. splills. Doing the write indirectly as Alloca makes me comfortable. The tradeoff is one extra intrinsic "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr". What do you think?

19 coro.alloc.align:                                 ; preds = %coro.alloc.check.align
20   %3 = sub nsw i64 64, 16
21   %4 = add i64 128, %3
22   %call1 = call noalias nonnull i8* @_Znwm(i64 %4) #13
23   %mask = sub i64 64, 1
24   %intptr = ptrtoint i8* %call1 to i64
25   %over_boundary = add i64 %intptr, %mask
26   %inverted_mask = xor i64 %mask, -1
27   %aligned_intptr = and i64 %over_boundary, %inverted_mask
28   %diff = sub i64 %aligned_intptr, %intptr
29   %aligned_result = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %call1, i64 %diff
30   call void @llvm.assume(i1 true) [ "align"(i8* %aligned_result, i64 64) ]
31   store i8* %call1, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8                     

     ; Replace line 31 with below, and must makes sure line 46~line 48 is skipped.
     ; %poff = call i32 @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset.i32()
     ; %addr = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %aligned_result, i32 %poff
     ; %addr1 = bitcast i8* %addr to i8**
     ; store i8* %call1, i8** %addr1, align 8


32   br label %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align
33
34 coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align:                  ; preds = %coro.alloc.align
35   %aligned_result.coro.init = phi i8* [ %aligned_result, %coro.alloc.align ]
36   br label %coro.init
37
38 coro.init:                                        ; preds = %coro.init.from.entry, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align, %cor
   o.init.from.coro.alloc
39   %5 = phi i8* [ %.coro.init, %coro.init.from.entry ], [ %call.coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc ], [ %aligned_result
   .coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align ]
40   %FramePtr = bitcast i8* %5 to %f0.Frame*
41   %resume.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 0
42   store void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.resume, void (%f0.Frame*)** %resume.addr, align 8
43   %6 = select i1 true, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.destroy, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.cleanup
44   %destroy.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 1
45   store void (%f0.Frame*)* %6, void (%f0.Frame*)** %destroy.addr, align 8
46   %7 = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 2
47   %8 = load i8*, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8
48   store i8* %8, i8** %7, align 8
49   br label %AllocaSpillBB
50
51 AllocaSpillBB:                                    ; preds = %coro.init
52   %.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 4
53   %ref.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 5
54   %agg.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 6
55   %ref.tmp5.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 7
56   %agg.tmp8.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 8
57   %__promise.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 10
58   br label %PostSpill

Then I am a little confused for the design again, since we would treat the value for CoroBegin as the address of coroutine frame in the past and it looks like to be the raw frame now. Let me reconsider if it is OK.

The returned value of CoroBegin is still coroutine frame not a raw frame even if the frame is overaligned. You could check the above code.

Thanks for clarifying!

I don't understand why we need to store the address for coroutine raw frame in the coroutine frame. For example, %call1 in your example marks the address for the raw frame. Then can we use the value %call1 in every place where we want to use the address for coroutine frame?
If yes, I think we could emit an intrinsic called 'llvm.coro.raw.frame' in the frontend if we need to use the address for the raw frame. Then in the middle end, we could replace llvm.coro.raw.frame with %call1 simply. Similarly, we could define intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.frame.size. As far as I know from the codes, the address for the coroutine frame is mainly used for deallocation. So it should be fine I guess.


Then the code generated now looks roughly like:

if (should over align) {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
} else {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
}
coro.begin(id, mem);

It looks redundant since the then part and else part looks very similar. I understand it would be eliminated in the middle end. But another problem is that the redundant implementation in clang. Maybe we could solve it by refactoring.
But I am wondering if it is possible to use another pattern (assume llvm.coro.alloc returns true):

%raw.frame.ptr = new(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())
%true.frame.ptr = call @llvm.coro.frame(%raw.frame.ptr, NEW_ALIGN) ; we need a better name
call @llvm.coro.begin(coro.id, %true.frame.ptr)

Then for llvm.coro.frame, we could return @raw.frame.ptr simply if the alignment could be satisfied (alignment needed is less than NEW_ALIGN). Or we could do simply to align up for the coroutine frame. There are many APIs in Align.h.
And for the destruction, we could emit:

call @delete(%raw.frame.ptr, call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())

In this way, I guess we would get simpler implementation and generated codes.

BTW, if we choose to do so, the semantics for llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr and llvm.coro.size would change slightly. They would stands for the address and size for the coroutine frame if we don't need over alignment.

How do you think about this?

I was confused by this and @rjmccall explained it here https://reviews.llvm.org/D97915/new/#2604871. Basically, we could not recover "raw frame pointer" (%call1) from coroutine frame pointer statically at deallocation time.

llvm/docs/Coroutines.rst
1060

It is still "coroutine frame".

Thanks for clarifying. Let's solve the semantics problem first.
With the introduction about 'raw frame', I think it's necessary to introduce this concept in the section 'Switched-Resume Lowering' or even the section 'Introduction' in the document. Add a section to tell the terminology is satisfied too.

Done.

Then why we defined both 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' and 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr' together? It looks like refer to the same value finally. It looks like 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' are trying to solve the problem about memory leak. But I think we could use llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr directly instead of traversing the frame (Maybe we need to add an intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.size). Then we can omit a field in the frame to save space.

("llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" is an offset from coroutine frame address instead of raw frame pointer)

Apologies for the confusion. I've briefly explained it here https://reviews.llvm.org/D102145#2752445 I think it is not clear. "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is conceptually "the address of a coroutine frame field storing the raw frame pointer" only after insertSpills in CoroFrame.cpp. Before that, "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is actually an alloca storing the raw frame pointer (try grepping "alloc.frame.ptr" in this review page). Using "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" instead of "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is doable which looks like below, please check line 31. The downside is that the write to coroutine frame is not through an alloca but a direct write. It is unusual because all fields in the frame are stored as 1. special/header fields 2. alloca 3. splills. Doing the write indirectly as Alloca makes me comfortable. The tradeoff is one extra intrinsic "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr". What do you think?

19 coro.alloc.align:                                 ; preds = %coro.alloc.check.align
20   %3 = sub nsw i64 64, 16
21   %4 = add i64 128, %3
22   %call1 = call noalias nonnull i8* @_Znwm(i64 %4) #13
23   %mask = sub i64 64, 1
24   %intptr = ptrtoint i8* %call1 to i64
25   %over_boundary = add i64 %intptr, %mask
26   %inverted_mask = xor i64 %mask, -1
27   %aligned_intptr = and i64 %over_boundary, %inverted_mask
28   %diff = sub i64 %aligned_intptr, %intptr
29   %aligned_result = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %call1, i64 %diff
30   call void @llvm.assume(i1 true) [ "align"(i8* %aligned_result, i64 64) ]
31   store i8* %call1, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8                     

     ; Replace line 31 with below, and must makes sure line 46~line 48 is skipped.
     ; %poff = call i32 @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset.i32()
     ; %addr = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %aligned_result, i32 %poff
     ; %addr1 = bitcast i8* %addr to i8**
     ; store i8* %call1, i8** %addr1, align 8


32   br label %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align
33
34 coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align:                  ; preds = %coro.alloc.align
35   %aligned_result.coro.init = phi i8* [ %aligned_result, %coro.alloc.align ]
36   br label %coro.init
37
38 coro.init:                                        ; preds = %coro.init.from.entry, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align, %cor
   o.init.from.coro.alloc
39   %5 = phi i8* [ %.coro.init, %coro.init.from.entry ], [ %call.coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc ], [ %aligned_result
   .coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align ]
40   %FramePtr = bitcast i8* %5 to %f0.Frame*
41   %resume.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 0
42   store void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.resume, void (%f0.Frame*)** %resume.addr, align 8
43   %6 = select i1 true, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.destroy, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.cleanup
44   %destroy.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 1
45   store void (%f0.Frame*)* %6, void (%f0.Frame*)** %destroy.addr, align 8
46   %7 = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 2
47   %8 = load i8*, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8
48   store i8* %8, i8** %7, align 8
49   br label %AllocaSpillBB
50
51 AllocaSpillBB:                                    ; preds = %coro.init
52   %.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 4
53   %ref.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 5
54   %agg.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 6
55   %ref.tmp5.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 7
56   %agg.tmp8.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 8
57   %__promise.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 10
58   br label %PostSpill

Then I am a little confused for the design again, since we would treat the value for CoroBegin as the address of coroutine frame in the past and it looks like to be the raw frame now. Let me reconsider if it is OK.

The returned value of CoroBegin is still coroutine frame not a raw frame even if the frame is overaligned. You could check the above code.

Thanks for clarifying!

I don't understand why we need to store the address for coroutine raw frame in the coroutine frame. For example, %call1 in your example marks the address for the raw frame. Then can we use the value %call1 in every place where we want to use the address for coroutine frame?
If yes, I think we could emit an intrinsic called 'llvm.coro.raw.frame' in the frontend if we need to use the address for the raw frame. Then in the middle end, we could replace llvm.coro.raw.frame with %call1 simply. Similarly, we could define intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.frame.size. As far as I know from the codes, the address for the coroutine frame is mainly used for deallocation. So it should be fine I guess.


Then the code generated now looks roughly like:

if (should over align) {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
} else {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
}
coro.begin(id, mem);

It looks redundant since the then part and else part looks very similar. I understand it would be eliminated in the middle end. But another problem is that the redundant implementation in clang. Maybe we could solve it by refactoring.
But I am wondering if it is possible to use another pattern (assume llvm.coro.alloc returns true):

%raw.frame.ptr = new(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())
%true.frame.ptr = call @llvm.coro.frame(%raw.frame.ptr, NEW_ALIGN) ; we need a better name
call @llvm.coro.begin(coro.id, %true.frame.ptr)

Then for llvm.coro.frame, we could return @raw.frame.ptr simply if the alignment could be satisfied (alignment needed is less than NEW_ALIGN). Or we could do simply to align up for the coroutine frame. There are many APIs in Align.h.
And for the destruction, we could emit:

call @delete(%raw.frame.ptr, call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())

In this way, I guess we would get simpler implementation and generated codes.

BTW, if we choose to do so, the semantics for llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr and llvm.coro.size would change slightly. They would stands for the address and size for the coroutine frame if we don't need over alignment.

How do you think about this?

I was confused by this and @rjmccall explained it here https://reviews.llvm.org/D97915/new/#2604871. Basically, we could not recover "raw frame pointer" (%call1) from coroutine frame pointer statically at deallocation time.

Oh, I understand why we need to store the address for raw frame now. Another question is that how do you think combine the pattern:

if (should over align) {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
} else {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
}
coro.begin(id, mem);

into this one:

%true.frame.ptr = call @llvm.coro.create.frame(new(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size()), NEW_ALIGN) ; we need a better name
                                                                                                                                                                         ; It would be lowered to store the address of the raw frame to the alloca in the middle end if needed
call @llvm.coro.begin(coro.id, %true.frame.ptr)

and this one:

call @delete(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr(), call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())                                         ; Then use  `llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr()` and `llvm.coro.raw.frame.size()` directly whenever we want.

It looks like we could generate the same code in the front for normal and over aligned coroutine.

ychen added a comment.Jul 6 2021, 8:06 PM

Thanks for clarifying. Let's solve the semantics problem first.
With the introduction about 'raw frame', I think it's necessary to introduce this concept in the section 'Switched-Resume Lowering' or even the section 'Introduction' in the document. Add a section to tell the terminology is satisfied too.

Done.

Then why we defined both 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' and 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr' together? It looks like refer to the same value finally. It looks like 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' are trying to solve the problem about memory leak. But I think we could use llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr directly instead of traversing the frame (Maybe we need to add an intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.size). Then we can omit a field in the frame to save space.

("llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" is an offset from coroutine frame address instead of raw frame pointer)

Apologies for the confusion. I've briefly explained it here https://reviews.llvm.org/D102145#2752445 I think it is not clear. "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is conceptually "the address of a coroutine frame field storing the raw frame pointer" only after insertSpills in CoroFrame.cpp. Before that, "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is actually an alloca storing the raw frame pointer (try grepping "alloc.frame.ptr" in this review page). Using "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" instead of "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is doable which looks like below, please check line 31. The downside is that the write to coroutine frame is not through an alloca but a direct write. It is unusual because all fields in the frame are stored as 1. special/header fields 2. alloca 3. splills. Doing the write indirectly as Alloca makes me comfortable. The tradeoff is one extra intrinsic "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr". What do you think?

19 coro.alloc.align:                                 ; preds = %coro.alloc.check.align
20   %3 = sub nsw i64 64, 16
21   %4 = add i64 128, %3
22   %call1 = call noalias nonnull i8* @_Znwm(i64 %4) #13
23   %mask = sub i64 64, 1
24   %intptr = ptrtoint i8* %call1 to i64
25   %over_boundary = add i64 %intptr, %mask
26   %inverted_mask = xor i64 %mask, -1
27   %aligned_intptr = and i64 %over_boundary, %inverted_mask
28   %diff = sub i64 %aligned_intptr, %intptr
29   %aligned_result = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %call1, i64 %diff
30   call void @llvm.assume(i1 true) [ "align"(i8* %aligned_result, i64 64) ]
31   store i8* %call1, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8                     

     ; Replace line 31 with below, and must makes sure line 46~line 48 is skipped.
     ; %poff = call i32 @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset.i32()
     ; %addr = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %aligned_result, i32 %poff
     ; %addr1 = bitcast i8* %addr to i8**
     ; store i8* %call1, i8** %addr1, align 8


32   br label %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align
33
34 coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align:                  ; preds = %coro.alloc.align
35   %aligned_result.coro.init = phi i8* [ %aligned_result, %coro.alloc.align ]
36   br label %coro.init
37
38 coro.init:                                        ; preds = %coro.init.from.entry, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align, %cor
   o.init.from.coro.alloc
39   %5 = phi i8* [ %.coro.init, %coro.init.from.entry ], [ %call.coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc ], [ %aligned_result
   .coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align ]
40   %FramePtr = bitcast i8* %5 to %f0.Frame*
41   %resume.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 0
42   store void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.resume, void (%f0.Frame*)** %resume.addr, align 8
43   %6 = select i1 true, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.destroy, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.cleanup
44   %destroy.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 1
45   store void (%f0.Frame*)* %6, void (%f0.Frame*)** %destroy.addr, align 8
46   %7 = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 2
47   %8 = load i8*, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8
48   store i8* %8, i8** %7, align 8
49   br label %AllocaSpillBB
50
51 AllocaSpillBB:                                    ; preds = %coro.init
52   %.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 4
53   %ref.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 5
54   %agg.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 6
55   %ref.tmp5.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 7
56   %agg.tmp8.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 8
57   %__promise.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 10
58   br label %PostSpill

Then I am a little confused for the design again, since we would treat the value for CoroBegin as the address of coroutine frame in the past and it looks like to be the raw frame now. Let me reconsider if it is OK.

The returned value of CoroBegin is still coroutine frame not a raw frame even if the frame is overaligned. You could check the above code.

Thanks for clarifying!

I don't understand why we need to store the address for coroutine raw frame in the coroutine frame. For example, %call1 in your example marks the address for the raw frame. Then can we use the value %call1 in every place where we want to use the address for coroutine frame?
If yes, I think we could emit an intrinsic called 'llvm.coro.raw.frame' in the frontend if we need to use the address for the raw frame. Then in the middle end, we could replace llvm.coro.raw.frame with %call1 simply. Similarly, we could define intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.frame.size. As far as I know from the codes, the address for the coroutine frame is mainly used for deallocation. So it should be fine I guess.


Then the code generated now looks roughly like:

if (should over align) {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
} else {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
}
coro.begin(id, mem);

It looks redundant since the then part and else part looks very similar. I understand it would be eliminated in the middle end. But another problem is that the redundant implementation in clang. Maybe we could solve it by refactoring.
But I am wondering if it is possible to use another pattern (assume llvm.coro.alloc returns true):

%raw.frame.ptr = new(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())
%true.frame.ptr = call @llvm.coro.frame(%raw.frame.ptr, NEW_ALIGN) ; we need a better name
call @llvm.coro.begin(coro.id, %true.frame.ptr)

Then for llvm.coro.frame, we could return @raw.frame.ptr simply if the alignment could be satisfied (alignment needed is less than NEW_ALIGN). Or we could do simply to align up for the coroutine frame. There are many APIs in Align.h.
And for the destruction, we could emit:

call @delete(%raw.frame.ptr, call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())

In this way, I guess we would get simpler implementation and generated codes.

BTW, if we choose to do so, the semantics for llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr and llvm.coro.size would change slightly. They would stands for the address and size for the coroutine frame if we don't need over alignment.

How do you think about this?

I was confused by this and @rjmccall explained it here https://reviews.llvm.org/D97915/new/#2604871. Basically, we could not recover "raw frame pointer" (%call1) from coroutine frame pointer statically at deallocation time.

Oh, I understand why we need to store the address for raw frame now. Another question is that how do you think combine the pattern:

if (should over align) {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
} else {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
}
coro.begin(id, mem);

into this one:

%true.frame.ptr = call @llvm.coro.create.frame(new(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size()), NEW_ALIGN) ; we need a better name
                                                                                                                                                                         ; It would be lowered to store the address of the raw frame to the alloca in the middle end if needed
call @llvm.coro.begin(coro.id, %true.frame.ptr)

and this one:

call @delete(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr(), call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())                                         ; Then use  `llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr()` and `llvm.coro.raw.frame.size()` directly whenever we want.

It looks like we could generate the same code in the front for normal and over aligned coroutines.

Yeah, I think it works for this patch alone. It shifts the semantic lowering from Clang to LLVM but does not perform less work. For future language support like D102147, @llvm.coro.create.frame needs to be repurposed based on the new semantics and that seems a sign that it should be implemented in frontend.

Thanks for clarifying. Let's solve the semantics problem first.
With the introduction about 'raw frame', I think it's necessary to introduce this concept in the section 'Switched-Resume Lowering' or even the section 'Introduction' in the document. Add a section to tell the terminology is satisfied too.

Done.

Then why we defined both 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' and 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr' together? It looks like refer to the same value finally. It looks like 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' are trying to solve the problem about memory leak. But I think we could use llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr directly instead of traversing the frame (Maybe we need to add an intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.size). Then we can omit a field in the frame to save space.

("llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" is an offset from coroutine frame address instead of raw frame pointer)

Apologies for the confusion. I've briefly explained it here https://reviews.llvm.org/D102145#2752445 I think it is not clear. "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is conceptually "the address of a coroutine frame field storing the raw frame pointer" only after insertSpills in CoroFrame.cpp. Before that, "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is actually an alloca storing the raw frame pointer (try grepping "alloc.frame.ptr" in this review page). Using "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" instead of "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is doable which looks like below, please check line 31. The downside is that the write to coroutine frame is not through an alloca but a direct write. It is unusual because all fields in the frame are stored as 1. special/header fields 2. alloca 3. splills. Doing the write indirectly as Alloca makes me comfortable. The tradeoff is one extra intrinsic "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr". What do you think?

19 coro.alloc.align:                                 ; preds = %coro.alloc.check.align
20   %3 = sub nsw i64 64, 16
21   %4 = add i64 128, %3
22   %call1 = call noalias nonnull i8* @_Znwm(i64 %4) #13
23   %mask = sub i64 64, 1
24   %intptr = ptrtoint i8* %call1 to i64
25   %over_boundary = add i64 %intptr, %mask
26   %inverted_mask = xor i64 %mask, -1
27   %aligned_intptr = and i64 %over_boundary, %inverted_mask
28   %diff = sub i64 %aligned_intptr, %intptr
29   %aligned_result = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %call1, i64 %diff
30   call void @llvm.assume(i1 true) [ "align"(i8* %aligned_result, i64 64) ]
31   store i8* %call1, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8                     

     ; Replace line 31 with below, and must makes sure line 46~line 48 is skipped.
     ; %poff = call i32 @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset.i32()
     ; %addr = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %aligned_result, i32 %poff
     ; %addr1 = bitcast i8* %addr to i8**
     ; store i8* %call1, i8** %addr1, align 8


32   br label %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align
33
34 coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align:                  ; preds = %coro.alloc.align
35   %aligned_result.coro.init = phi i8* [ %aligned_result, %coro.alloc.align ]
36   br label %coro.init
37
38 coro.init:                                        ; preds = %coro.init.from.entry, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align, %cor
   o.init.from.coro.alloc
39   %5 = phi i8* [ %.coro.init, %coro.init.from.entry ], [ %call.coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc ], [ %aligned_result
   .coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align ]
40   %FramePtr = bitcast i8* %5 to %f0.Frame*
41   %resume.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 0
42   store void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.resume, void (%f0.Frame*)** %resume.addr, align 8
43   %6 = select i1 true, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.destroy, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.cleanup
44   %destroy.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 1
45   store void (%f0.Frame*)* %6, void (%f0.Frame*)** %destroy.addr, align 8
46   %7 = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 2
47   %8 = load i8*, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8
48   store i8* %8, i8** %7, align 8
49   br label %AllocaSpillBB
50
51 AllocaSpillBB:                                    ; preds = %coro.init
52   %.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 4
53   %ref.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 5
54   %agg.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 6
55   %ref.tmp5.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 7
56   %agg.tmp8.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 8
57   %__promise.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 10
58   br label %PostSpill

Then I am a little confused for the design again, since we would treat the value for CoroBegin as the address of coroutine frame in the past and it looks like to be the raw frame now. Let me reconsider if it is OK.

The returned value of CoroBegin is still coroutine frame not a raw frame even if the frame is overaligned. You could check the above code.

Thanks for clarifying!

I don't understand why we need to store the address for coroutine raw frame in the coroutine frame. For example, %call1 in your example marks the address for the raw frame. Then can we use the value %call1 in every place where we want to use the address for coroutine frame?
If yes, I think we could emit an intrinsic called 'llvm.coro.raw.frame' in the frontend if we need to use the address for the raw frame. Then in the middle end, we could replace llvm.coro.raw.frame with %call1 simply. Similarly, we could define intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.frame.size. As far as I know from the codes, the address for the coroutine frame is mainly used for deallocation. So it should be fine I guess.


Then the code generated now looks roughly like:

if (should over align) {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
} else {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
}
coro.begin(id, mem);

It looks redundant since the then part and else part looks very similar. I understand it would be eliminated in the middle end. But another problem is that the redundant implementation in clang. Maybe we could solve it by refactoring.
But I am wondering if it is possible to use another pattern (assume llvm.coro.alloc returns true):

%raw.frame.ptr = new(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())
%true.frame.ptr = call @llvm.coro.frame(%raw.frame.ptr, NEW_ALIGN) ; we need a better name
call @llvm.coro.begin(coro.id, %true.frame.ptr)

Then for llvm.coro.frame, we could return @raw.frame.ptr simply if the alignment could be satisfied (alignment needed is less than NEW_ALIGN). Or we could do simply to align up for the coroutine frame. There are many APIs in Align.h.
And for the destruction, we could emit:

call @delete(%raw.frame.ptr, call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())

In this way, I guess we would get simpler implementation and generated codes.

BTW, if we choose to do so, the semantics for llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr and llvm.coro.size would change slightly. They would stands for the address and size for the coroutine frame if we don't need over alignment.

How do you think about this?

I was confused by this and @rjmccall explained it here https://reviews.llvm.org/D97915/new/#2604871. Basically, we could not recover "raw frame pointer" (%call1) from coroutine frame pointer statically at deallocation time.

Oh, I understand why we need to store the address for raw frame now. Another question is that how do you think combine the pattern:

if (should over align) {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
} else {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
}
coro.begin(id, mem);

into this one:

%true.frame.ptr = call @llvm.coro.create.frame(new(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size()), NEW_ALIGN) ; we need a better name
                                                                                                                                                                         ; It would be lowered to store the address of the raw frame to the alloca in the middle end if needed
call @llvm.coro.begin(coro.id, %true.frame.ptr)

and this one:

call @delete(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr(), call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())                                         ; Then use  `llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr()` and `llvm.coro.raw.frame.size()` directly whenever we want.

It looks like we could generate the same code in the front for normal and over aligned coroutines.

Yeah, I think it works for this patch alone. It shifts the semantic lowering from Clang to LLVM but does not perform less work. For future language support like D102147, @llvm.coro.create.frame needs to be repurposed based on the new semantics and that seems a sign that it should be implemented in frontend.

For language support, ::operator new(size_t, align_t), I think it could be implemented like:

%allocated = call @new(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size(), align_val)
%true.frame.ptr = call @llvm.coro.create.frame(%allocated, 0) ; if the second argument is 0, it means `llvm.coro.create.frame` could be lowered to `%allocated` simply.
call @llvm.coro.begin(coro.id, %true.frame.ptr)

It looks not hard to implement. And we don't need to refactor the CodeGen part a lot. In this way, I think the main effort to support ::operator new(size_t, align_t) would be in the Sema part and the works remained in CodeGen part would be little. It wouldn't touch the middle end part neither.

It shifts the semantic lowering from Clang to LLVM but does not perform less work.

I think it would be simpler. At least, we don't need to emit getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure twice and we don't need to touch CallCoroDelete neither. And we don't organize the basic blocks in the CodeGenCoroutineBody. And we could emit simpler AlignupTo (Although it could be simplified further, I believe).

And the extra work we need to do is to compare the alignment requirement for the coroutine frame with the second argument of llvm.coro.create.frame to see if we need to over align coroutine frame.
If yes, we need to lower the llvm.coro.create.frame to compute the true address for the coroutine frame and store the raw frame address.
If no, we could return %allocated simply.

ychen added a comment.EditedJul 7 2021, 11:21 AM

Thanks for clarifying. Let's solve the semantics problem first.
With the introduction about 'raw frame', I think it's necessary to introduce this concept in the section 'Switched-Resume Lowering' or even the section 'Introduction' in the document. Add a section to tell the terminology is satisfied too.

Done.

Then why we defined both 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' and 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr' together? It looks like refer to the same value finally. It looks like 'llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset' are trying to solve the problem about memory leak. But I think we could use llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr directly instead of traversing the frame (Maybe we need to add an intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.size). Then we can omit a field in the frame to save space.

("llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" is an offset from coroutine frame address instead of raw frame pointer)

Apologies for the confusion. I've briefly explained it here https://reviews.llvm.org/D102145#2752445 I think it is not clear. "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is conceptually "the address of a coroutine frame field storing the raw frame pointer" only after insertSpills in CoroFrame.cpp. Before that, "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is actually an alloca storing the raw frame pointer (try grepping "alloc.frame.ptr" in this review page). Using "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset" instead of "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr" is doable which looks like below, please check line 31. The downside is that the write to coroutine frame is not through an alloca but a direct write. It is unusual because all fields in the frame are stored as 1. special/header fields 2. alloca 3. splills. Doing the write indirectly as Alloca makes me comfortable. The tradeoff is one extra intrinsic "llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.addr". What do you think?

19 coro.alloc.align:                                 ; preds = %coro.alloc.check.align
20   %3 = sub nsw i64 64, 16
21   %4 = add i64 128, %3
22   %call1 = call noalias nonnull i8* @_Znwm(i64 %4) #13
23   %mask = sub i64 64, 1
24   %intptr = ptrtoint i8* %call1 to i64
25   %over_boundary = add i64 %intptr, %mask
26   %inverted_mask = xor i64 %mask, -1
27   %aligned_intptr = and i64 %over_boundary, %inverted_mask
28   %diff = sub i64 %aligned_intptr, %intptr
29   %aligned_result = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %call1, i64 %diff
30   call void @llvm.assume(i1 true) [ "align"(i8* %aligned_result, i64 64) ]
31   store i8* %call1, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8                     

     ; Replace line 31 with below, and must makes sure line 46~line 48 is skipped.
     ; %poff = call i32 @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.offset.i32()
     ; %addr = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %aligned_result, i32 %poff
     ; %addr1 = bitcast i8* %addr to i8**
     ; store i8* %call1, i8** %addr1, align 8


32   br label %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align
33
34 coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align:                  ; preds = %coro.alloc.align
35   %aligned_result.coro.init = phi i8* [ %aligned_result, %coro.alloc.align ]
36   br label %coro.init
37
38 coro.init:                                        ; preds = %coro.init.from.entry, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align, %cor
   o.init.from.coro.alloc
39   %5 = phi i8* [ %.coro.init, %coro.init.from.entry ], [ %call.coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc ], [ %aligned_result
   .coro.init, %coro.init.from.coro.alloc.align ]
40   %FramePtr = bitcast i8* %5 to %f0.Frame*
41   %resume.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 0
42   store void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.resume, void (%f0.Frame*)** %resume.addr, align 8
43   %6 = select i1 true, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.destroy, void (%f0.Frame*)* @f0.cleanup
44   %destroy.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 1
45   store void (%f0.Frame*)* %6, void (%f0.Frame*)** %destroy.addr, align 8
46   %7 = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 2
47   %8 = load i8*, i8** %alloc.frame.ptr, align 8
48   store i8* %8, i8** %7, align 8
49   br label %AllocaSpillBB
50
51 AllocaSpillBB:                                    ; preds = %coro.init
52   %.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 4
53   %ref.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 5
54   %agg.tmp.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 6
55   %ref.tmp5.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 7
56   %agg.tmp8.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 8
57   %__promise.reload.addr = getelementptr inbounds %f0.Frame, %f0.Frame* %FramePtr, i32 0, i32 10
58   br label %PostSpill

Then I am a little confused for the design again, since we would treat the value for CoroBegin as the address of coroutine frame in the past and it looks like to be the raw frame now. Let me reconsider if it is OK.

The returned value of CoroBegin is still coroutine frame not a raw frame even if the frame is overaligned. You could check the above code.

Thanks for clarifying!

I don't understand why we need to store the address for coroutine raw frame in the coroutine frame. For example, %call1 in your example marks the address for the raw frame. Then can we use the value %call1 in every place where we want to use the address for coroutine frame?
If yes, I think we could emit an intrinsic called 'llvm.coro.raw.frame' in the frontend if we need to use the address for the raw frame. Then in the middle end, we could replace llvm.coro.raw.frame with %call1 simply. Similarly, we could define intrinsic llvm.coro.raw.frame.size. As far as I know from the codes, the address for the coroutine frame is mainly used for deallocation. So it should be fine I guess.


Then the code generated now looks roughly like:

if (should over align) {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
} else {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
}
coro.begin(id, mem);

It looks redundant since the then part and else part looks very similar. I understand it would be eliminated in the middle end. But another problem is that the redundant implementation in clang. Maybe we could solve it by refactoring.
But I am wondering if it is possible to use another pattern (assume llvm.coro.alloc returns true):

%raw.frame.ptr = new(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())
%true.frame.ptr = call @llvm.coro.frame(%raw.frame.ptr, NEW_ALIGN) ; we need a better name
call @llvm.coro.begin(coro.id, %true.frame.ptr)

Then for llvm.coro.frame, we could return @raw.frame.ptr simply if the alignment could be satisfied (alignment needed is less than NEW_ALIGN). Or we could do simply to align up for the coroutine frame. There are many APIs in Align.h.
And for the destruction, we could emit:

call @delete(%raw.frame.ptr, call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())

In this way, I guess we would get simpler implementation and generated codes.

BTW, if we choose to do so, the semantics for llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr and llvm.coro.size would change slightly. They would stands for the address and size for the coroutine frame if we don't need over alignment.

How do you think about this?

I was confused by this and @rjmccall explained it here https://reviews.llvm.org/D97915/new/#2604871. Basically, we could not recover "raw frame pointer" (%call1) from coroutine frame pointer statically at deallocation time.

Oh, I understand why we need to store the address for raw frame now. Another question is that how do you think combine the pattern:

if (should over align) {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
} else {
   /// ...
   mem = ...
}
coro.begin(id, mem);

into this one:

%true.frame.ptr = call @llvm.coro.create.frame(new(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size()), NEW_ALIGN) ; we need a better name
                                                                                                                                                                         ; It would be lowered to store the address of the raw frame to the alloca in the middle end if needed
call @llvm.coro.begin(coro.id, %true.frame.ptr)

and this one:

call @delete(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr(), call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size())                                         ; Then use  `llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr()` and `llvm.coro.raw.frame.size()` directly whenever we want.

It looks like we could generate the same code in the front for normal and over aligned coroutines.

Yeah, I think it works for this patch alone. It shifts the semantic lowering from Clang to LLVM but does not perform less work. For future language support like D102147, @llvm.coro.create.frame needs to be repurposed based on the new semantics and that seems a sign that it should be implemented in frontend.

For language support, ::operator new(size_t, align_t), I think it could be implemented like:

%allocated = call @new(call @llvm.coro.raw.frame.size(), align_val)
%true.frame.ptr = call @llvm.coro.create.frame(%allocated, 0) ; if the second argument is 0, it means `llvm.coro.create.frame` could be lowered to `%allocated` simply.
call @llvm.coro.begin(coro.id, %true.frame.ptr)

It looks not hard to implement. And we don't need to refactor the CodeGen part a lot. In this way, I think the main effort to support ::operator new(size_t, align_t) would be in the Sema part and the works remained in CodeGen part would be little. It wouldn't touch the middle end part neither.

I agree that something like this is simpler implementation-wise. Although in spirit, it is similar to D100739 which we decided not to pursue. What is the middle-end? is it LLVM?

It shifts the semantic lowering from Clang to LLVM but does not perform less work.

I think it would be simpler.

I agree it would be simpler.

At least, we don't need to emit getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure twice and

getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure is called twice but the code is emitted once.

we don't need to touch CallCoroDelete neither.

If we don't touch CallCoroDelete, then we cannot do the equivalent work in LLVM since there is no concept of deallocation function concept there.

And we don't organize the basic blocks in the CodeGenCoroutineBody.

That's true. It is delayed until CoroSplit.

And we could emit simpler AlignupTo (Although it could be simplified further, I believe).

D100739 has a version of it.

And the extra work we need to do is to compare the alignment requirement for the coroutine frame with the second argument of llvm.coro.create.frame to see if we need to over align coroutine frame.
If yes, we need to lower the llvm.coro.create.frame to compute the true address for the coroutine frame and store the raw frame address.
If no, we could return %allocated simply.

Yes, it is similar to CoroFrame.cpp changes in D100739.

It looks not hard to implement. And we don't need to refactor the CodeGen part a lot. In this way, I think the main effort to support ::operator new(size_t, align_t) would be in the Sema part and the works remained in CodeGen part would be little. It wouldn't touch the middle end part neither.

I agree that something like this is simpler implementation-wise. Although in spirit, it is similar to D100739 which we decided not to pursue. What is the middle-end? is it LLVM?

It shifts the semantic lowering from Clang to LLVM but does not perform less work.

I think it would be simpler.

I agree it would be simpler.

At least, we don't need to emit getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure twice and

getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure is called twice but the code is emitted once.

we don't need to touch CallCoroDelete neither.

If we don't touch CallCoroDelete, then we cannot do the equivalent work in LLVM since there is no concept of deallocation function concept there.

And we don't organize the basic blocks in the CodeGenCoroutineBody.

That's true. It is delayed until CoroSplit.

And we could emit simpler AlignupTo (Although it could be simplified further, I believe).

D102147 has a version of it.

And the extra work we need to do is to compare the alignment requirement for the coroutine frame with the second argument of llvm.coro.create.frame to see if we need to over align coroutine frame.
If yes, we need to lower the llvm.coro.create.frame to compute the true address for the coroutine frame and store the raw frame address.
If no, we could return %allocated simply.

Yes, it is similar to CoroFrame.cpp changes in D102147.

I agree that something like this is simpler implementation-wise. Although in spirit, it is similar to D100739 which we decided not to pursue. What is the middle-end? is it LLVM?

It is frustrating to break the decision made before. But I don't find the conclusion in D100739 that we shouldn't complete this in middle end.

getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure is called twice but the code is emitted once.

I don't think so. getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure is called twice and emitted twice. The code emitted by the frontend should be:

AllocBB:
  ; ...
  getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure()

AlignedAllocBB:
  ; ...
  getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure()

I understand that one of the branch would be pruned in the middle end. But in the frontend, they are emitted twice. And it's redundant in both compiler codes and generated codes.

If we don't touch CallCoroDelete, then we cannot do the equivalent work in LLVM since there is no concept of deallocation function concept there.

Sorry for confusing. I means that we could change semantics for llvm.coro.free to return the address of raw frame and touch the Sema part to pass llvm.coro.raw.frame.size as the second argument to deallocator.
It should be easy and clean to implement and we don't need to touch CallCoroDelete either.

And we don't organize the basic blocks in the CodeGenCoroutineBody.

That's true. It is delayed until CoroSplit.

I don't think it is delayed. I think the task to organize the BBs would be eliminated if we move the main work in the middle end.
I think if we move the work to select to over align or not, we could use the same IR structure. I think it is simpler, cleaner and more natural.

And we could emit simpler AlignupTo (Although it could be simplified further, I believe).

D102147 has a version of it.

And the extra work we need to do is to compare the alignment requirement for the coroutine frame with the second argument of llvm.coro.create.frame to see if we need to over align coroutine frame.
If yes, we need to lower the llvm.coro.create.frame to compute the true address for the coroutine frame and store the raw frame address.
If no, we could return %allocated simply.

Yes, it is similar to CoroFrame.cpp changes in D102147.

I guess you refer to the wrong revision. Since I don't find related things in D102147.

ychen added a comment.Jul 7 2021, 9:39 PM

It looks not hard to implement. And we don't need to refactor the CodeGen part a lot. In this way, I think the main effort to support ::operator new(size_t, align_t) would be in the Sema part and the works remained in CodeGen part would be little. It wouldn't touch the middle end part neither.

I agree that something like this is simpler implementation-wise. Although in spirit, it is similar to D100739 which we decided not to pursue. What is the middle-end? is it LLVM?

It shifts the semantic lowering from Clang to LLVM but does not perform less work.

I think it would be simpler.

I agree it would be simpler.

At least, we don't need to emit getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure twice and

getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure is called twice but the code is emitted once.

we don't need to touch CallCoroDelete neither.

If we don't touch CallCoroDelete, then we cannot do the equivalent work in LLVM since there is no concept of deallocation function concept there.

And we don't organize the basic blocks in the CodeGenCoroutineBody.

That's true. It is delayed until CoroSplit.

And we could emit simpler AlignupTo (Although it could be simplified further, I believe).

D102147 has a version of it.

And the extra work we need to do is to compare the alignment requirement for the coroutine frame with the second argument of llvm.coro.create.frame to see if we need to over align coroutine frame.
If yes, we need to lower the llvm.coro.create.frame to compute the true address for the coroutine frame and store the raw frame address.
If no, we could return %allocated simply.

Yes, it is similar to CoroFrame.cpp changes in D102147.

I agree that something like this is simpler implementation-wise. Although in spirit, it is similar to D100739 which we decided not to pursue. What is the middle-end? is it LLVM?

It is frustrating to break the decision made before. But I don't find the conclusion in D100739 that we shouldn't complete this in middle end.

Yeah, it is not explicitly stated there. That's just my conclusion based on @rjmccall's suggestion (https://reviews.llvm.org/D100739#2717582) and my following responses. I do think your proposal works for the dynamic allocation cases, however, it needs major change when aligned allocator/deallocator comes into play in the future when the issue is fixed at the language level. That is the primary reason that most of the implementations are in front-end and LLVM coroutine intrinsics are mostly agnostic of the alignment issue (newly added llvm.coro.raw.frame.ptr.* are two exceptions and all existing intrinsics are not touched in both in API or semantics).

getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure is called twice but the code is emitted once.

I don't think so. getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure is called twice and emitted twice. The code emitted by the frontend should be:

AllocBB:
  ; ...
  getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure()

AlignedAllocBB:
  ; ...
  getReturnStmtOnAllocFailure()

I understand that one of the branch would be pruned in the middle end. But in the frontend, they are emitted twice. And it's redundant in both compiler codes and generated codes.

Got you. I meant alloc failure block is emitted once and agree that both aligned and normal alloc block are emitted.

If we don't touch CallCoroDelete, then we cannot do the equivalent work in LLVM since there is no concept of deallocation function concept there.

Sorry for confusing. I means that we could change semantics for llvm.coro.free to return the address of raw frame and touch the Sema part to pass llvm.coro.raw.frame.size as the second argument to deallocator.
It should be easy and clean to implement and we don't need to touch CallCoroDelete either.

And we don't organize the basic blocks in the CodeGenCoroutineBody.

That's true. It is delayed until CoroSplit.

I don't think it is delayed. I think the task to organize the BBs would be eliminated if we move the main work in the middle end.
I think if we move the work to select to over align or not, we could use the same IR structure. I think it is simpler, cleaner and more natural.

Agree. But like I said above, IMHO, that's a secondary goal here. LLVM better only deal with optimizations, not semantics. (but, yeah, coroutine is special but the principle still applies).

And we could emit simpler AlignupTo (Although it could be simplified further, I believe).

D102147 has a version of it.

And the extra work we need to do is to compare the alignment requirement for the coroutine frame with the second argument of llvm.coro.create.frame to see if we need to over align coroutine frame.
If yes, we need to lower the llvm.coro.create.frame to compute the true address for the coroutine frame and store the raw frame address.
If no, we could return %allocated simply.

Yes, it is similar to CoroFrame.cpp changes in D102147.

I guess you refer to the wrong revision. Since I don't find related things in D102147.

Sorry for the typo. It should be D100739.

That's just my conclusion based on @rjmccall's suggestion (https://reviews.llvm.org/D100739#2717582) and my following responses.

I guess you got the conclusion from this:

2d. Use the correct allocator for the frame alignment; both allocators are (allowed to be) ODR-used, but only one would be dynamically used. This is what would be necessary for the implementation I suggested above. In reality there won't be any dynamic overhead because we should always be able to fold the branch after allocation.

It looks like necessary to emit two BBs in the frontend which use the different allocators. Then we prune the branch in the middle end.

But I still feel like that there are redundancies in current implementation. Let me think more about it.

ychen abandoned this revision.Sep 23 2022, 5:27 PM

327141f is landed as an alternative.

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