The bug was reported on the OpenMP-dev list:
.../obj-release/lib/clang/9.0.0/include/__clang_cuda_intrinsics.h:173:35: error: 'nvvm_shfl_sync_idx_i32' needs target feature ptx60|ptx61|ptx63|ptx64
MAKE_SYNC_SHUFFLES(shfl_sync, nvvm_shfl_sync_idx_i32,
This problem occurs when trying to compile a .cu file that requires a newer ptx version (>ptx60 in this case) than ptx42.