I have found the lookup by build-id (when lookup by /usr/lib/debug/path/name/exec.debug failed) does not work as LLDB tries the build-id hex string in uppercase but Fedora uses lowercase.
xubuntu-16.10 also uses lowercase during my test:
/usr/lib/debug/.build-id/6c/61f3566329f43d03f812ae7057e9e7391b5ff6.debug
So I do not see when it could work, I haven't found any such regression-looking change in GIT history.