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[OpenCL] Clean up and add missing fields for block struct
ClosedPublic

Authored by yaxunl on Sep 13 2017, 12:43 PM.

Details

Summary

Currently block is translated to a structure equivalent to

struct Block {
  void *isa;
  int flags;
  int reserved;
  void *invoke;
  void *descriptor;
};

Except invoke, which is the pointer to the block invoke function,
all other fields are useless for OpenCL, which clutter the IR and
also waste memory since the block struct is passed to the block
invoke function as argument.

On the other hand, the size and alignment of the block struct is
not stored in the struct, which causes difficulty to implement
__enqueue_kernel as library function, since the library function
needs to know the size and alignment of the argument which needs
to be passed to the kernel.

This patch removes the useless fields from the block struct and adds
size and align fields. The equivalent block struct will become

struct Block {
  int size;
  int align;
  generic void *invoke;
 /* custom fields */
};

It also changes the pointer to the invoke function to be
a generic pointer since the address space of a function
may not be private on certain targets.

Diff Detail

Event Timeline

yaxunl created this revision.Sep 13 2017, 12:43 PM
yaxunl updated this revision to Diff 115222.Sep 14 2017, 8:11 AM

Fix bug about calling blocks.

Anastasia edited edge metadata.Sep 15 2017, 11:40 AM

Could you please explain a bit more why the alignment have to be put explicitly in the struct? I am just not very convinced this is general enough.

lib/CodeGen/CGBlocks.cpp
0–1

Why removing this?

test/CodeGenOpenCL/blocks.cl
35–1

We don't need to check other fields too?

yaxunl marked 2 inline comments as done.Sep 15 2017, 12:51 PM

Could you please explain a bit more why the alignment have to be put explicitly in the struct? I am just not very convinced this is general enough.

The captured variables are fields of the block literal struct. Due to alignment requirement of these fields, there is alignment requirement of
the block literal struct. The ISA of the block invoke function is generated with the assumption of these alignments. If the block literal is
allocated at a memory address not satisfying the alignment requirement, the kernel behavior is undefined.

Generally, __enqueue_kernel library function needs to prepare the kernel argument before launching the kernel. It usually does this by copying
the block literal to some buffer then pass the address of the buffer to the kernel. Then the address of the buffer has to satisfy the alignment
requirement.

If this block literal struct is not general enough, how about add another field as target reserved size, and leave the remaining space of header for
target specific use. And add a target hook to allow target fill the reserved space, e.g.

struct __opencl_block_literal {
  int total_size;
  int align;
  __generic void *invoke;
  int target_reserved_size; /* round up to 4 bytes */
  int target_reserved[];
  /* captures */
};
lib/CodeGen/CGBlocks.cpp
0–1

It is not removed. It is moved to line 307.

test/CodeGenOpenCL/blocks.cl
35–1

will add checks.

Could you please explain a bit more why the alignment have to be put explicitly in the struct? I am just not very convinced this is general enough.

The captured variables are fields of the block literal struct. Due to alignment requirement of these fields, there is alignment requirement of
the block literal struct. The ISA of the block invoke function is generated with the assumption of these alignments. If the block literal is
allocated at a memory address not satisfying the alignment requirement, the kernel behavior is undefined.

Generally, __enqueue_kernel library function needs to prepare the kernel argument before launching the kernel. It usually does this by copying
the block literal to some buffer then pass the address of the buffer to the kernel. Then the address of the buffer has to satisfy the alignment
requirement.

If this block literal struct is not general enough, how about add another field as target reserved size, and leave the remaining space of header for
target specific use. And add a target hook to allow target fill the reserved space, e.g.

struct __opencl_block_literal {
  int total_size;
  int align;
  __generic void *invoke;
  int target_reserved_size; /* round up to 4 bytes */
  int target_reserved[];
  /* captures */
};

I like the idea of the target reserved part actually. But not sure how it could be used without adding any target specific methods?

However, I am still not clear why the alignment of this struct has to be different from any other struct Clang produces. Normally the alignment of objects have to be known during IR generation to put them correctly in the attributes of generated alloca, store and loads. But as a field inside struct I don't know how it can be useful. I would imagine enqueue_kernel would just operate on the block as if it would be an arbitrary buffer of data. Also would size of the struct not account for any padding to make sure the alignment can be deduced based on it correctly?

lib/CodeGen/CGOpenCLRuntime.cpp
4

Should we put an assert of LangOpts.OpenCL?

test/CodeGen/blocks-opencl.cl
1

Btw, do you think we need this test any more? And if yes, could this be moved to CodeGenOpenCL?

yaxunl marked 4 inline comments as done.Sep 21 2017, 7:19 AM

Could you please explain a bit more why the alignment have to be put explicitly in the struct? I am just not very convinced this is general enough.

The captured variables are fields of the block literal struct. Due to alignment requirement of these fields, there is alignment requirement of
the block literal struct. The ISA of the block invoke function is generated with the assumption of these alignments. If the block literal is
allocated at a memory address not satisfying the alignment requirement, the kernel behavior is undefined.

Generally, __enqueue_kernel library function needs to prepare the kernel argument before launching the kernel. It usually does this by copying
the block literal to some buffer then pass the address of the buffer to the kernel. Then the address of the buffer has to satisfy the alignment
requirement.

If this block literal struct is not general enough, how about add another field as target reserved size, and leave the remaining space of header for
target specific use. And add a target hook to allow target fill the reserved space, e.g.

struct __opencl_block_literal {
  int total_size;
  int align;
  __generic void *invoke;
  int target_reserved_size; /* round up to 4 bytes */
  int target_reserved[];
  /* captures */
};

I like the idea of the target reserved part actually. But not sure how it could be used without adding any target specific methods?

If we decide to add target reserved fields, I can add target hooks to fill these fields. However I would suggest to leave this for future since I don't see there is need for other fields for now.

However, I am still not clear why the alignment of this struct has to be different from any other struct Clang produces. Normally the alignment of objects have to be known during IR generation to put them correctly in the attributes of generated alloca, store and loads. But as a field inside struct I don't know how it can be useful. I would imagine enqueue_kernel would just operate on the block as if it would be an arbitrary buffer of data. Also would size of the struct not account for any padding to make sure the alignment can be deduced based on it correctly?

enqueue_kernel needs to pass the block struct to the kernel. Let's assume it does this by copying the block struct to a buffer. If enqueue_kernel does not know the alignment of the struct, it can only put it at an arbitrary address in the buffer. Then the kernel has to copy the struct to an aligned private memory and load the fields. However, if the enqueued_kernel knows the alignment of the struct, it can put it at an address satisfying the alignment. Then the kernel can load the fields directly from the buffer, skips the step of copying to an aligned private memory. Therefore, alignment of the block struct is usually a useful information for enqueue_kernel. I think that's why in the SPIRV spec OpEnqueueKernel requires an alignment operand for the block context.

lib/CodeGen/CGOpenCLRuntime.cpp
4

Will do.

test/CodeGen/blocks-opencl.cl
1

I think this one can be removed since what it tests is covered by CodeGenOpenCL/blocks.cl.

Could you please explain a bit more why the alignment have to be put explicitly in the struct? I am just not very convinced this is general enough.

The captured variables are fields of the block literal struct. Due to alignment requirement of these fields, there is alignment requirement of
the block literal struct. The ISA of the block invoke function is generated with the assumption of these alignments. If the block literal is
allocated at a memory address not satisfying the alignment requirement, the kernel behavior is undefined.

Generally, __enqueue_kernel library function needs to prepare the kernel argument before launching the kernel. It usually does this by copying
the block literal to some buffer then pass the address of the buffer to the kernel. Then the address of the buffer has to satisfy the alignment
requirement.

If this block literal struct is not general enough, how about add another field as target reserved size, and leave the remaining space of header for
target specific use. And add a target hook to allow target fill the reserved space, e.g.

struct __opencl_block_literal {
  int total_size;
  int align;
  __generic void *invoke;
  int target_reserved_size; /* round up to 4 bytes */
  int target_reserved[];
  /* captures */
};

I like the idea of the target reserved part actually. But not sure how it could be used without adding any target specific methods?

If we decide to add target reserved fields, I can add target hooks to fill these fields. However I would suggest to leave this for future since I don't see there is need for other fields for now.

I could imagine it can be usefull for some vendor implementations.

However, I am still not clear why the alignment of this struct has to be different from any other struct Clang produces. Normally the alignment of objects have to be known during IR generation to put them correctly in the attributes of generated alloca, store and loads. But as a field inside struct I don't know how it can be useful. I would imagine enqueue_kernel would just operate on the block as if it would be an arbitrary buffer of data. Also would size of the struct not account for any padding to make sure the alignment can be deduced based on it correctly?

enqueue_kernel needs to pass the block struct to the kernel. Let's assume it does this by copying the block struct to a buffer. If enqueue_kernel does not know the alignment of the struct, it can only put it at an arbitrary address in the buffer. Then the kernel has to copy the struct to an aligned private memory and load the fields. However, if the enqueued_kernel knows the alignment of the struct, it can put it at an address satisfying the alignment. Then the kernel can load the fields directly from the buffer, skips the step of copying to an aligned private memory. Therefore, alignment of the block struct is usually a useful information for enqueue_kernel. I think that's why in the SPIRV spec OpEnqueueKernel requires an alignment operand for the block context.

Ok, I just think in C if you use malloc to obtain a pointer to some memory location it doesn't take any alignment information. Then you can use the pointer to copy any data including the struct into the location its pointed to. And the pointer can be used later on correctly. I think the alignment is deduced in this case from the type or the size of an object. Do you know where the alignment information is used for SPIRV call? Also how is the block represented in SPIRV?

Could you please explain a bit more why the alignment have to be put explicitly in the struct? I am just not very convinced this is general enough.

The captured variables are fields of the block literal struct. Due to alignment requirement of these fields, there is alignment requirement of
the block literal struct. The ISA of the block invoke function is generated with the assumption of these alignments. If the block literal is
allocated at a memory address not satisfying the alignment requirement, the kernel behavior is undefined.

Generally, __enqueue_kernel library function needs to prepare the kernel argument before launching the kernel. It usually does this by copying
the block literal to some buffer then pass the address of the buffer to the kernel. Then the address of the buffer has to satisfy the alignment
requirement.

If this block literal struct is not general enough, how about add another field as target reserved size, and leave the remaining space of header for
target specific use. And add a target hook to allow target fill the reserved space, e.g.

struct __opencl_block_literal {
  int total_size;
  int align;
  __generic void *invoke;
  int target_reserved_size; /* round up to 4 bytes */
  int target_reserved[];
  /* captures */
};

I like the idea of the target reserved part actually. But not sure how it could be used without adding any target specific methods?

If we decide to add target reserved fields, I can add target hooks to fill these fields. However I would suggest to leave this for future since I don't see there is need for other fields for now.

I could imagine it can be usefull for some vendor implementations.

However, I am still not clear why the alignment of this struct has to be different from any other struct Clang produces. Normally the alignment of objects have to be known during IR generation to put them correctly in the attributes of generated alloca, store and loads. But as a field inside struct I don't know how it can be useful. I would imagine enqueue_kernel would just operate on the block as if it would be an arbitrary buffer of data. Also would size of the struct not account for any padding to make sure the alignment can be deduced based on it correctly?

enqueue_kernel needs to pass the block struct to the kernel. Let's assume it does this by copying the block struct to a buffer. If enqueue_kernel does not know the alignment of the struct, it can only put it at an arbitrary address in the buffer. Then the kernel has to copy the struct to an aligned private memory and load the fields. However, if the enqueued_kernel knows the alignment of the struct, it can put it at an address satisfying the alignment. Then the kernel can load the fields directly from the buffer, skips the step of copying to an aligned private memory. Therefore, alignment of the block struct is usually a useful information for enqueue_kernel. I think that's why in the SPIRV spec OpEnqueueKernel requires an alignment operand for the block context.

Ok, I just think in C if you use malloc to obtain a pointer to some memory location it doesn't take any alignment information. Then you can use the pointer to copy any data including the struct into the location its pointed to. And the pointer can be used later on correctly. I think the alignment is deduced in this case from the type or the size of an object. Do you know where the alignment information is used for SPIRV call? Also how is the block represented in SPIRV?

Actually malloc alignment is not sufficient more many uses such as CPU supported vectors, e.g. AVX512 or passed to create buffer with use-host-pointer. In such cases you need posix_memalign or some similar API. Having the alignment means it is available if needed. If an implementation doesn't need it, there is no harm is there?

yaxunl updated this revision to Diff 116277.Sep 21 2017, 3:08 PM
yaxunl marked 6 inline comments as done.

Revise by Anastasia's comments.

Could you please explain a bit more why the alignment have to be put explicitly in the struct? I am just not very convinced this is general enough.

The captured variables are fields of the block literal struct. Due to alignment requirement of these fields, there is alignment requirement of
the block literal struct. The ISA of the block invoke function is generated with the assumption of these alignments. If the block literal is
allocated at a memory address not satisfying the alignment requirement, the kernel behavior is undefined.

Generally, __enqueue_kernel library function needs to prepare the kernel argument before launching the kernel. It usually does this by copying
the block literal to some buffer then pass the address of the buffer to the kernel. Then the address of the buffer has to satisfy the alignment
requirement.

If this block literal struct is not general enough, how about add another field as target reserved size, and leave the remaining space of header for
target specific use. And add a target hook to allow target fill the reserved space, e.g.

struct __opencl_block_literal {
  int total_size;
  int align;
  __generic void *invoke;
  int target_reserved_size; /* round up to 4 bytes */
  int target_reserved[];
  /* captures */
};

I like the idea of the target reserved part actually. But not sure how it could be used without adding any target specific methods?

If we decide to add target reserved fields, I can add target hooks to fill these fields. However I would suggest to leave this for future since I don't see there is need for other fields for now.

I could imagine it can be usefull for some vendor implementations.

However, I am still not clear why the alignment of this struct has to be different from any other struct Clang produces. Normally the alignment of objects have to be known during IR generation to put them correctly in the attributes of generated alloca, store and loads. But as a field inside struct I don't know how it can be useful. I would imagine enqueue_kernel would just operate on the block as if it would be an arbitrary buffer of data. Also would size of the struct not account for any padding to make sure the alignment can be deduced based on it correctly?

enqueue_kernel needs to pass the block struct to the kernel. Let's assume it does this by copying the block struct to a buffer. If enqueue_kernel does not know the alignment of the struct, it can only put it at an arbitrary address in the buffer. Then the kernel has to copy the struct to an aligned private memory and load the fields. However, if the enqueued_kernel knows the alignment of the struct, it can put it at an address satisfying the alignment. Then the kernel can load the fields directly from the buffer, skips the step of copying to an aligned private memory. Therefore, alignment of the block struct is usually a useful information for enqueue_kernel. I think that's why in the SPIRV spec OpEnqueueKernel requires an alignment operand for the block context.

Ok, I just think in C if you use malloc to obtain a pointer to some memory location it doesn't take any alignment information. Then you can use the pointer to copy any data including the struct into the location its pointed to. And the pointer can be used later on correctly. I think the alignment is deduced in this case from the type or the size of an object. Do you know where the alignment information is used for SPIRV call? Also how is the block represented in SPIRV?

If you just use malloc and put your struct in it, there is no guarantee that your struct is aligned at the required alignment, then your kernel cannot load a field directly from that memory. For example, if your first field is an int and the instruction can only load an int from an addr aligned at 4, and your malloc'ed addr is aligned at 1, then you cannot load that int directly. Instead, you need to copy the 4 bytes to an addr aligned at 4, then use that instruction to load it. If you use posix_memalign to get an aligned buffer, then your kernel can generate more efficient code.

OpEnqueueKernel instruction in SPIR-V is for representing OpenCL enqueue_kernel. In SPIR-V block is represented by block invoke function. When enqueue_kernel is translated to OpEnqueueKernel, it is required to provide block invoke function, block context, the size and alignment of the block context.

yaxunl updated this revision to Diff 116363.Sep 22 2017, 9:38 AM
yaxunl edited the summary of this revision. (Show Details)

Add custom fields to block and target hooks to fill them.

Anastasia added inline comments.Sep 25 2017, 9:28 AM
lib/CodeGen/CGBlocks.cpp
56–1

If we reorder fields and put this on top we can merge the if statements above and below this point.

58

remove one "that".

59

I think the alignment might not be computed correctly now if there will be custom fields that might have a bigger size than a pointer? Also what happens if we have captures as well?

79

do we need to add numeration to each item name?

yaxunl marked 4 inline comments as done.Sep 27 2017, 1:41 PM
yaxunl added inline comments.
lib/CodeGen/CGBlocks.cpp
56–1

By convention the size of the whole struct is the first field so that the library function reads the first integer and knows how many bytes to copy.

58

will do.

59

Will fix.

The captures will be accounted for by computeBlockInfo and BlockSize and BlockAlign will be updated.

79

yes. will add it.

yaxunl updated this revision to Diff 116877.Sep 27 2017, 1:49 PM
yaxunl marked 4 inline comments as done.

Rebased to ToT and revised by Anastasia's comments.

Anastasia accepted this revision.Oct 4 2017, 9:28 AM

LGTM! Thanks!

test/CodeGenOpenCL/blocks.cl
48

It might be better to give those r0-r7 some names for readability if possible!

This revision is now accepted and ready to land.Oct 4 2017, 9:28 AM
yaxunl marked an inline comment as done.Oct 4 2017, 11:53 AM
yaxunl added inline comments.
test/CodeGenOpenCL/blocks.cl
48

Will fix it when committing.

This revision was automatically updated to reflect the committed changes.
yaxunl marked an inline comment as done.