Implement correctly rounded `erff` functions.
For `x >= 4`, `erff(x) = 1` for `FE_TONEAREST` or `FE_UPWARD`, `0x1.ffffep-1` for `FE_DOWNWARD` or `FE_TOWARDZERO`.
For `0 <= x < 4`, we divide into 32 sub-intervals of length `1/8`, and use a degree-15 odd polynomial to approximate `erff(x)` in each sub-interval:
```
erff(x) ~ x * (c0 + c1 * x^2 + c2 * x^4 + ... + c7 * x^14).
```
For `x < 0`, we can use the same formula as above, since the odd part is factored out.
Performance tested with `perf.sh` tool from the CORE-MATH project on AMD Ryzen 9 5900X:
Reciprocal throughput (clock cycles / op)
```
$ ./perf.sh erff --path2
GNU libc version: 2.35
GNU libc release: stable
-- CORE-MATH reciprocal throughput -- with -march=native (with FMA instructions)
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 11.790 + 0.182 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.154 clc/call; Max = 12.255 clc/call;
-- CORE-MATH reciprocal throughput -- with -march=x86-64-v2 (without FMA instructions)
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 14.205 + 0.151 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.159 clc/call; Max = 15.893 clc/call;
-- System LIBC reciprocal throughput --
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 45.519 + 0.445 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.552 clc/call; Max = 46.345 clc/call;
-- LIBC reciprocal throughput -- with -mavx2 -mfma (with FMA instructions)
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 9.595 + 0.214 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.220 clc/call; Max = 9.887 clc/call;
-- LIBC reciprocal throughput -- with -msse4.2 (without FMA instructions)
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 10.223 + 0.190 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.222 clc/call; Max = 10.474 clc/call;
```
and latency (clock cycles / op):
```
$ ./perf.sh erff --path2
GNU libc version: 2.35
GNU libc release: stable
-- CORE-MATH latency -- with -march=native (with FMA instructions)
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 38.566 + 0.391 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.503 clc/call; Max = 39.170 clc/call;
-- CORE-MATH latency -- with -march=x86-64-v2 (without FMA instructions)
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 43.223 + 0.667 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.680 clc/call; Max = 43.913 clc/call;
-- System LIBC latency --
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 111.613 + 1.267 clc/call; Median-Min = 1.696 clc/call; Max = 113.444 clc/call;
-- LIBC latency -- with -mavx2 -mfma (with FMA instructions)
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 40.138 + 0.410 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.536 clc/call; Max = 40.729 clc/call;
-- LIBC latency -- with -msse4.2 (without FMA instructions)
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 44.858 + 0.872 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.814 clc/call; Max = 46.019 clc/call;
```