diff --git a/mlir/lib/IR/BuiltinTypes.cpp b/mlir/lib/IR/BuiltinTypes.cpp
--- a/mlir/lib/IR/BuiltinTypes.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/IR/BuiltinTypes.cpp
@@ -801,10 +801,12 @@
                             ? getAffineSymbolExpr(nSymbols++, context)
                             : getAffineConstantExpr(runningSize, context);
     expr = expr ? expr + dimExpr * stride : dimExpr * stride;
-    if (size > 0)
+    if (size > 0) {
       runningSize *= size;
-    else
+      assert(runningSize > 0 && "integer overflow in size computation");
+    } else {
       dynamicPoisonBit = true;
+    }
   }
   return simplifyAffineExpr(expr, numDims, nSymbols);
 }