Index: llvm/test/tools/obj2yaml/ELF/eshnum.yaml
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ llvm/test/tools/obj2yaml/ELF/eshnum.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+## Check cases related to the value of the e_shnum field of the ELF header live here.
+
+## Normally an object that does not have sections has e_shnum == 0.
+## Also, e_shnum might be 0, when the the number of entries in the section
+## header table is larger than or equal to SHN_LORESERVE (0xff00). In this case
+## the real number of entries in the section header table is held in the sh_size
+## member of the initial entry in section header table.
+
+## In the test case below we have an object that has e_shnum = 0 and the real
+## number of sections written to the sh_size member of the initial entry in
+## the section header table. Check that we emit the `EShNum` key properly.
+
+# RUN: yaml2obj %s -o %t1
+# RUN: obj2yaml %t1 | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=PRESERVE
+
+# PRESERVE:      --- !ELF
+# PRESERVE-NEXT: FileHeader:
+# PRESERVE-NEXT:   Class:  ELFCLASS64
+# PRESERVE-NEXT:   Data:   ELFDATA2LSB
+# PRESERVE-NEXT:   Type:   ET_REL
+# PRESERVE-NEXT:   EShNum: 0x0
+# PRESERVE-NEXT: Sections:
+# PRESERVE-NEXT:   - Type: SHT_NULL
+# PRESERVE-NEXT:     Size: 0x3
+# PRESERVE-NEXT: ...
+
+--- !ELF
+FileHeader:
+  Class:  ELFCLASS64
+  Data:   ELFDATA2LSB
+  Type:   ET_REL
+  EShNum: 0x0
+  EShOff: [[ESHOFF=<none>]]
+Sections:
+ - Type: SHT_NULL
+## 3 sections total: SHT_NULL + 2 implicit sections: .strtab and .shstrtab.
+   Size: [[SIZE=0x3]]
+
+## In the test case below we have an object with a non-zero section header table
+## file offset and the null value in the sh_size member of the initial entry of
+## the section header table. Here we check that we are able to dump such
+## objects properly.
+
+# RUN: yaml2obj %s -DSIZE=0x0 -o %t2
+# RUN: obj2yaml %t2 | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=NO-SECTIONS
+
+# NO-SECTIONS:      --- !ELF
+# NO-SECTIONS-NEXT: FileHeader:
+# NO-SECTIONS-NEXT:   Class:  ELFCLASS64
+# NO-SECTIONS-NEXT:   Data:   ELFDATA2LSB
+# NO-SECTIONS-NEXT:   Type:   ET_REL
+# NO-SECTIONS-NEXT:   EShNum: 0x0
+## Note: yaml2obj will create the SHT_NULL section with sh_size = 0 implicitly.
+# NO-SECTIONS-NEXT: ...
+
+## In the test case below we have an object without the section header table and e_shnum == 0.
+## Document how we dump it.
+## FIXME: we should emit the `SectionHeaderTable` key with `NoHeaders=true` for this case.
+
+# RUN: yaml2obj %s -DESHOFF=0x0 -o %t3
+# RUN: obj2yaml %t3 | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=NO-HEADERS
+
+# NO-HEADERS:      --- !ELF
+# NO-HEADERS-NEXT: FileHeader:
+# NO-HEADERS-NEXT:   Class: ELFCLASS64
+# NO-HEADERS-NEXT:   Data:  ELFDATA2LSB
+# NO-HEADERS-NEXT:   Type:  ET_REL
+# NO-HEADERS-NEXT: ...
Index: llvm/tools/obj2yaml/elf2yaml.cpp
===================================================================
--- llvm/tools/obj2yaml/elf2yaml.cpp
+++ llvm/tools/obj2yaml/elf2yaml.cpp
@@ -237,6 +237,9 @@
                                ArrayRef<ELFYAML::ProgramHeader> Phdrs,
                                std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ELFYAML::Chunk>> &V,
                                ArrayRef<typename ELFT::Shdr> S) {
+  if (V.empty())
+    return;
+
   uint64_t ExpectedOffset;
   if (Header.e_phoff > 0)
     ExpectedOffset = Header.e_phoff + Header.e_phentsize * Header.e_phnum;
@@ -289,6 +292,15 @@
   Sections = *SectionsOrErr;
   SectionNames.resize(Sections.size());
 
+  // Normally an object that does not have sections has e_shnum == 0.
+  // Also, e_shnum might be 0, when the the number of entries in the section
+  // header table is larger than or equal to SHN_LORESERVE (0xff00). In this
+  // case the real number of entries in the section header table is held in the
+  // sh_size member of the initial entry in section header table.
+  // We have the section header table when the `e_shoff` is not 0.
+  if (Obj.getHeader().e_shoff != 0 && Obj.getHeader().e_shnum == 0)
+    Y->Header.EShNum = 0;
+
   // Dump symbols. We need to do this early because other sections might want
   // to access the deduplicated symbol names that we also create here.
   const Elf_Shdr *SymTab = nullptr;