diff --git a/clang/lib/Basic/Targets/OSTargets.h b/clang/lib/Basic/Targets/OSTargets.h
--- a/clang/lib/Basic/Targets/OSTargets.h
+++ b/clang/lib/Basic/Targets/OSTargets.h
@@ -383,8 +383,12 @@
       Triple.getEnvironmentVersion(Maj, Min, Rev);
       this->PlatformName = "android";
       this->PlatformMinVersion = VersionTuple(Maj, Min, Rev);
-      if (Maj)
-        Builder.defineMacro("__ANDROID_API__", Twine(Maj));
+      if (Maj) {
+        Builder.defineMacro("__ANDROID_MIN_SDK_VERSION__", Twine(Maj));
+        // This historical but ambiguous name for the minSdkVersion macro. Keep
+        // defined for compatibility.
+        Builder.defineMacro("__ANDROID_API__", "__ANDROID_MIN_SDK_VERSION__");
+      }
     } else {
         Builder.defineMacro("__gnu_linux__");
     }
diff --git a/clang/test/Preprocessor/init.c b/clang/test/Preprocessor/init.c
--- a/clang/test/Preprocessor/init.c
+++ b/clang/test/Preprocessor/init.c
@@ -1580,6 +1580,7 @@
 //
 // RUN: %clang_cc1 -triple arm-linux-androideabi -E -dM < /dev/null | FileCheck -match-full-lines -check-prefix ANDROID %s
 // ANDROID-NOT:#define __ANDROID_API__
+// ANDROID-NOT:#define __ANDROID_MIN_SDK_VERSION__
 // ANDROID:#define __ANDROID__ 1
 // ANDROID-NOT:#define __gnu_linux__
 //
@@ -1590,7 +1591,8 @@
 // X86_64-ANDROID-CXX:#define __STDCPP_DEFAULT_NEW_ALIGNMENT__ 16UL
 //
 // RUN: %clang_cc1 -triple arm-linux-androideabi20 -E -dM < /dev/null | FileCheck -match-full-lines -check-prefix ANDROID20 %s
-// ANDROID20:#define __ANDROID_API__ 20
+// ANDROID20:#define __ANDROID_API__ __ANDROID_MIN_SDK_VERSION__
+// ANDROID20:#define __ANDROID_MIN_SDK_VERSION__ 20
 // ANDROID20:#define __ANDROID__ 1
 // ANDROID-NOT:#define __gnu_linux__
 //