diff --git a/libcxx/src/filesystem/operations.cpp b/libcxx/src/filesystem/operations.cpp
--- a/libcxx/src/filesystem/operations.cpp
+++ b/libcxx/src/filesystem/operations.cpp
@@ -636,20 +636,20 @@
   ErrorHandler<path> err("canonical", ec, &orig_p, &cwd);
 
   path p = __do_absolute(orig_p, &cwd, ec);
-#if defined(_POSIX_VERSION) && _POSIX_VERSION >= 200112
-  std::unique_ptr<char, decltype(&::free)>
-    hold(::realpath(p.c_str(), nullptr), &::free);
+#if (defined(_POSIX_VERSION) && _POSIX_VERSION >= 200112) || defined(_LIBCPP_WIN32API)
+  std::unique_ptr<path::value_type, decltype(&::free)>
+    hold(detail::realpath(p.c_str(), nullptr), &::free);
   if (hold.get() == nullptr)
     return err.report(capture_errno());
   return {hold.get()};
 #else
   #if defined(__MVS__) && !defined(PATH_MAX)
-    char buff[ _XOPEN_PATH_MAX + 1 ];
+    path::value_type buff[ _XOPEN_PATH_MAX + 1 ];
   #else
-    char buff[PATH_MAX + 1];
+    path::value_type buff[PATH_MAX + 1];
   #endif
-  char* ret;
-  if ((ret = ::realpath(p.c_str(), buff)) == nullptr)
+  path::value_type* ret;
+  if ((ret = detail::realpath(p.c_str(), buff)) == nullptr)
     return err.report(capture_errno());
   return {ret};
 #endif
diff --git a/libcxx/src/filesystem/posix_compat.h b/libcxx/src/filesystem/posix_compat.h
--- a/libcxx/src/filesystem/posix_compat.h
+++ b/libcxx/src/filesystem/posix_compat.h
@@ -312,6 +312,43 @@
 }
 
 wchar_t *getcwd(wchar_t *buff, size_t size) { return _wgetcwd(buff, size); }
+
+wchar_t *realpath(const wchar_t *path, wchar_t *resolved_name) {
+  // Only expected to be used with us allocating the buffer.
+  _LIBCPP_ASSERT(resolved_name == nullptr,
+                 "Windows realpath() assumes a null resolved_name");
+
+  WinHandle h(path, FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES, 0);
+  if (!h) {
+    set_errno();
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  size_t buff_size = MAX_PATH + 10;
+  std::unique_ptr<wchar_t, decltype(&::free)> buff(
+      static_cast<wchar_t *>(malloc(buff_size * sizeof(wchar_t))), &::free);
+  DWORD retval = GetFinalPathNameByHandleW(
+      h, buff.get(), buff_size, FILE_NAME_NORMALIZED | VOLUME_NAME_DOS);
+  if (retval > buff_size) {
+    buff_size = retval;
+    buff.reset(static_cast<wchar_t *>(malloc(buff_size * sizeof(wchar_t))));
+    retval = GetFinalPathNameByHandleW(h, buff.get(), buff_size,
+                                       FILE_NAME_NORMALIZED | VOLUME_NAME_DOS);
+  }
+  if (!retval) {
+    set_errno();
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  wchar_t *ptr = buff.get();
+  if (!wcsncmp(ptr, L"\\\\?\\", 4)) {
+    if (ptr[5] == ':') { // \\?\X: -> X:
+      memmove(&ptr[0], &ptr[4], (wcslen(&ptr[4]) + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
+    } else if (!wcsncmp(&ptr[4], L"UNC\\", 4)) { // \\?\UNC\server -> \\server
+      wcscpy(&ptr[0], L"\\\\");
+      memmove(&ptr[2], &ptr[8], (wcslen(&ptr[8]) + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
+    }
+  }
+  return buff.release();
+}
 #else
 int symlink_file(const char *oldname, const char *newname) {
   return ::symlink(oldname, newname);
@@ -328,6 +365,7 @@
 using ::lstat;
 using ::mkdir;
 using ::open;
+using ::realpath;
 using ::remove;
 using ::rename;
 using ::stat;