diff --git a/llvm/include/llvm/Support/JSON.h b/llvm/include/llvm/Support/JSON.h
--- a/llvm/include/llvm/Support/JSON.h
+++ b/llvm/include/llvm/Support/JSON.h
@@ -557,6 +557,75 @@
   return M.erase(ObjectKey(K));
 }
 
+/// A "cursor" marking a position within a Value.
+/// The Value is a tree, and this is the path from the root to the current node.
+/// This is used to associate errors with particular subobjects.
+class Path {
+public:
+  class Root;
+
+  /// Records that the value at the current path is invalid.
+  /// Message is e.g. "expected number" and becomes part of the final error.
+  /// This overwrites any previously written error message in the root.
+  void report(llvm::StringLiteral Message);
+
+  /// The root may be treated as a Path.
+  Path(Root &R) : Parent(nullptr), Seg(&R) {}
+  /// Derives a path for an array element: this[Index]
+  Path index(unsigned Index) const { return Path(this, Segment(Index)); }
+  /// Derives a path for an object field: this.Field
+  Path field(StringRef Field) const { return Path(this, Segment(Field)); }
+
+private:
+  /// One element in a JSON path: an object field (.foo) or array index [27].
+  /// Exception: the root Path encodes a pointer to the Path::Root.
+  class Segment {
+    uintptr_t Pointer;
+    unsigned Offset;
+
+  public:
+    Segment() = default;
+    Segment(Root *R) : Pointer(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(R)) {}
+    Segment(llvm::StringRef Field)
+        : Pointer(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(Field.data())),
+          Offset(static_cast<unsigned>(Field.size())) {}
+    Segment(unsigned Index) : Pointer(0), Offset(Index) {}
+
+    bool isField() const { return Pointer != 0; }
+    StringRef field() const {
+      return StringRef(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(Pointer), Offset);
+    }
+    unsigned index() const { return Offset; }
+    Root *root() const { return reinterpret_cast<Root *>(Pointer); }
+  };
+
+  const Path *Parent;
+  Segment Seg;
+
+  Path(const Path *Parent, Segment S) : Parent(Parent), Seg(S) {}
+};
+
+/// The root is the trivial Path to the root value.
+/// It also stores the latest reported error and the path where it occurred.
+class Path::Root {
+  llvm::StringRef Name;
+  llvm::StringLiteral ErrorMessage;
+  std::vector<Path::Segment> ErrorPath; // Only valid in error state. Reversed.
+
+  friend void Path::report(llvm::StringLiteral Message);
+
+public:
+  Root(llvm::StringRef Name = "") : Name(Name), ErrorMessage("") {}
+  // No copy/move allowed as there are incoming pointers.
+  Root(Root &&) = delete;
+  Root &operator=(Root &&) = delete;
+  Root(const Root &) = delete;
+  Root &operator=(const Root &) = delete;
+
+  /// Returns the last error reported, or else a generic error.
+  Error getError() const;
+};
+
 // Standard deserializers are provided for primitive types.
 // See comments on Value.
 inline bool fromJSON(const Value &E, std::string &Out) {
diff --git a/llvm/lib/Support/JSON.cpp b/llvm/lib/Support/JSON.cpp
--- a/llvm/lib/Support/JSON.cpp
+++ b/llvm/lib/Support/JSON.cpp
@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@
 //===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 #include "llvm/Support/JSON.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/ConvertUTF.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/Error.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/Format.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
 #include <cctype>
@@ -199,6 +201,40 @@
   llvm_unreachable("Unknown value kind");
 }
 
+void Path::report(llvm::StringLiteral Msg) {
+  // Walk up to the root context, and count the number of segments.
+  unsigned Count = 0;
+  const Path *P;
+  for (P = this; P->Parent != nullptr; P = P->Parent)
+    ++Count;
+  Path::Root *R = P->Seg.root();
+  // Fill in the error message and copy the path (in reverse order).
+  R->ErrorMessage = Msg;
+  R->ErrorPath.resize(Count);
+  auto It = R->ErrorPath.begin();
+  for (P = this; P->Parent != nullptr; P = P->Parent)
+    *It++ = P->Seg;
+}
+
+Error Path::Root::getError() const {
+  std::string S;
+  raw_string_ostream OS(S);
+  OS << (ErrorMessage.empty() ? "invalid JSON contents" : ErrorMessage);
+  if (ErrorPath.empty()) {
+    if (!Name.empty())
+      OS << " when parsing " << Name;
+  } else {
+    OS << " at " << (Name.empty() ? "(root)" : Name);
+    for (const Path::Segment &S : llvm::reverse(ErrorPath)) {
+      if (S.isField())
+        OS << '.' << S.field();
+      else
+        OS << '[' << S.index() << ']';
+    }
+  }
+  return createStringError(llvm::inconvertibleErrorCode(), OS.str());
+}
+
 namespace {
 // Simple recursive-descent JSON parser.
 class Parser {
diff --git a/llvm/unittests/Support/JSONTest.cpp b/llvm/unittests/Support/JSONTest.cpp
--- a/llvm/unittests/Support/JSONTest.cpp
+++ b/llvm/unittests/Support/JSONTest.cpp
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #include "llvm/Support/JSON.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
+#include "llvm/Testing/Support/Error.h"
 
 #include "gmock/gmock.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
@@ -461,6 +462,17 @@
   EXPECT_EQ(Pretty, StreamStuff(2));
 }
 
+TEST(JSONTest, Path) {
+  Path::Root R("foo");
+  Path P = R, A = P.field("a"), B = P.field("b");
+  A.index(1).field("c").index(2).report("boom");
+  EXPECT_THAT_ERROR(R.getError(), FailedWithMessage("boom at foo.a[1].c[2]"));
+  B.field("d").field("e").report("bam");
+  EXPECT_THAT_ERROR(R.getError(), FailedWithMessage("bam at foo.b.d.e"));
+  P.report("oh no");
+  EXPECT_THAT_ERROR(R.getError(), FailedWithMessage("oh no when parsing foo"));
+}
+
 } // namespace
 } // namespace json
 } // namespace llvm