diff --git a/lldb/bindings/interface/SBModule.i b/lldb/bindings/interface/SBModule.i
--- a/lldb/bindings/interface/SBModule.i
+++ b/lldb/bindings/interface/SBModule.i
@@ -353,6 +353,17 @@
     static uint32_t
     GetNumberAllocatedModules();
 
+    %feature("docstring", "
+    Removes all modules which are no longer needed by any part of LLDB from
+    the module cache.
+
+    This is an implementation detail exposed for testing and should not be
+    relied upon. Use SBDebugger::MemoryPressureDetected instead to reduce
+    LLDB's memory consumption during execution.
+    ") GarbageCollectAllocatedModules;
+    static void
+    GarbageCollectAllocatedModules();
+
     STRING_EXTENSION(SBModule)
 
 #ifdef SWIGPYTHON
diff --git a/lldb/include/lldb/API/SBModule.h b/lldb/include/lldb/API/SBModule.h
--- a/lldb/include/lldb/API/SBModule.h
+++ b/lldb/include/lldb/API/SBModule.h
@@ -291,6 +291,9 @@
   /// Get the number of global modules.
   static uint32_t GetNumberAllocatedModules();
 
+  /// Remove any global modules which are no longer needed.
+  static void GarbageCollectAllocatedModules();
+
 private:
   friend class SBAddress;
   friend class SBFrame;
diff --git a/lldb/packages/Python/lldbsuite/test/lldbtest.py b/lldb/packages/Python/lldbsuite/test/lldbtest.py
--- a/lldb/packages/Python/lldbsuite/test/lldbtest.py
+++ b/lldb/packages/Python/lldbsuite/test/lldbtest.py
@@ -1094,6 +1094,17 @@
         lldb.SBDebugger.Destroy(self.dbg)
         del self.dbg
 
+        # All modules should be orphaned now so that they can be cleared from
+        # the shared module cache.
+        lldb.SBModule.GarbageCollectAllocatedModules()
+
+        # Modules are not orphaned during reproducer replay because they're
+        # leaked on purpose.
+        if not configuration.is_reproducer():
+            # Assert that the global module cache is empty.
+            self.assertEqual(lldb.SBModule.GetNumberAllocatedModules(), 0)
+
+
     # =========================================================
     # Various callbacks to allow introspection of test progress
     # =========================================================
@@ -2068,13 +2079,9 @@
         for target in targets:
             self.dbg.DeleteTarget(target)
 
-        # Modules are not orphaned during reproducer replay because they're
-        # leaked on purpose.
         if not configuration.is_reproducer():
             # Assert that all targets are deleted.
-            assert self.dbg.GetNumTargets() == 0
-            # Assert that the global module cache is empty.
-            assert lldb.SBModule.GetNumberAllocatedModules() == 0
+            self.assertEqual(self.dbg.GetNumTargets(), 0)
 
         # Do this last, to make sure it's in reverse order from how we setup.
         Base.tearDown(self)
diff --git a/lldb/source/API/SBModule.cpp b/lldb/source/API/SBModule.cpp
--- a/lldb/source/API/SBModule.cpp
+++ b/lldb/source/API/SBModule.cpp
@@ -690,6 +690,13 @@
   return Module::GetNumberAllocatedModules();
 }
 
+void SBModule::GarbageCollectAllocatedModules() {
+  LLDB_RECORD_STATIC_METHOD_NO_ARGS(void, SBModule,
+                                    GarbageCollectAllocatedModules);
+  const bool mandatory = false;
+  ModuleList::RemoveOrphanSharedModules(mandatory);
+}
+
 namespace lldb_private {
 namespace repro {