diff --git a/flang/lib/Semantics/expression.cpp b/flang/lib/Semantics/expression.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Semantics/expression.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Semantics/expression.cpp
@@ -909,7 +909,10 @@
       return std::nullopt;
     } else if (baseExpr->Rank() == 0) {
       if (const Symbol * symbol{GetLastSymbol(*baseExpr)}) {
-        Say("'%s' is not an array"_err_en_US, symbol->name());
+        if (!context_.HasError(symbol)) {
+          Say("'%s' is not an array"_err_en_US, symbol->name());
+          context_.SetError(const_cast<Symbol &>(*symbol));
+        }
       }
     } else if (std::optional<DataRef> dataRef{
                    ExtractDataRef(std::move(*baseExpr))}) {
diff --git a/flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names.cpp b/flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names.cpp
@@ -1401,6 +1401,7 @@
   bool Pre(const parser::ProgramUnit &);
   void Post(const parser::AssignStmt &);
   void Post(const parser::AssignedGotoStmt &);
+  void Post(const parser::ArrayElement &);
 
   // These nodes should never be reached: they are handled in ProgramUnit
   bool Pre(const parser::MainProgram &) {
@@ -1426,6 +1427,7 @@
   }
 
   void NoteExecutablePartCall(Symbol::Flag, const parser::Call &);
+  void NoteExecutablePartArrayElement(const parser::Name &);
 
   friend void ResolveSpecificationParts(SemanticsContext &, const Symbol &);
 
@@ -5897,6 +5899,25 @@
   }
 }
 
+void ResolveNamesVisitor::NoteExecutablePartArrayElement(
+    const parser::Name &name) {
+  // See the "subtlety" comment above for why we're getting the symbol this way
+  Symbol *symbol{name.symbol};
+  if (!symbol) {
+    symbol = currScope().FindSymbol(name.source);
+  }
+  if (symbol) {
+    if (symbol->detailsIf<ProcEntityDetails>()) {
+      if (!context().HasError(*symbol)) {
+        SayWithDecl(
+            name, *symbol, "Cannot reference function '%s' as data"_err_en_US);
+      }
+    } else {
+      ConvertToObjectEntity(*symbol);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 // Check and set the Function or Subroutine flag on symbol; false on error.
 bool ResolveNamesVisitor::SetProcFlag(
     const parser::Name &name, Symbol &symbol, Symbol::Flag flag) {
@@ -6236,6 +6257,15 @@
   }
 }
 
+void ResolveNamesVisitor::Post(const parser::ArrayElement &elem) {
+  // To avoid converting the name of the array to a function call, note that
+  // the name we're referencing is an object entity
+  const parser::DataRef &dataRef{elem.base};
+  if (const parser::Name * name{std::get_if<parser::Name>(&dataRef.u)}) {
+    NoteExecutablePartArrayElement(*name);
+  }
+}
+
 bool ResolveNamesVisitor::Pre(const parser::ProgramUnit &x) {
   auto root{ProgramTree::Build(x)};
   SetScope(context().globalScope());
@@ -6263,6 +6293,13 @@
 
   template <typename A> bool Pre(const A &) { return true; }
   template <typename A> void Post(const A &) {}
+  void Post(const parser::ArrayElement &elem) {
+    // The same actions as the Post function in ResolveNamesVisitor.  This
+    // version gets executed when resolving names for the specification part
+    if (const parser::Name * name{std::get_if<parser::Name>(&elem.base.u)}) {
+      resolver_.NoteExecutablePartArrayElement(*name);
+    }
+  }
   void Post(const parser::FunctionReference &fr) {
     resolver_.NoteExecutablePartCall(Symbol::Flag::Function, fr.v);
   }
diff --git a/flang/test/Semantics/resolve93.f90 b/flang/test/Semantics/resolve93.f90
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/flang/test/Semantics/resolve93.f90
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+! RUN: %S/test_errors.sh %s %t %f18
+subroutine s1()
+  character(10) str
+  character(10) str1
+  !ERROR: 'str' is not an array
+  print *, str(1:9), str(7)
+  block
+    character(10) str2
+    character(10) str3
+    !ERROR: 'str1' is not an array
+    print *, str1(1:9), str1(7)
+    !ERROR: 'str2' is not an array
+    print *, str2(1:9), str2(7)
+    !ERROR: Cannot reference function 'str3' as data
+    print *, str3(7), str3(1:9)
+  end block
+end subroutine s1
+
+subroutine s2()
+  character(10) func
+  !ERROR: Cannot reference function 'func' as data
+  print *, func(7), func(1:9)
+end subroutine s2
+
+subroutine s3()
+  real(8) :: func
+  !ERROR: Cannot reference function 'func' as data
+  print *, func(7), func(1:6)
+end subroutine s3
+
+subroutine s4()
+  real(8) :: local
+  real(8) :: local1
+  !ERROR: 'local' is not an array
+  print *, local(1:6), local(7)
+  !ERROR: Cannot reference function 'local1' as data
+  print *, local1(7), local1(1:6)
+end subroutine s4
+
+subroutine s5(arg)
+  integer :: iVar
+  external :: arg
+  iVar = loc(arg)
+end subroutine s5