diff --git a/flang/include/flang/Evaluate/tools.h b/flang/include/flang/Evaluate/tools.h
--- a/flang/include/flang/Evaluate/tools.h
+++ b/flang/include/flang/Evaluate/tools.h
@@ -840,4 +840,29 @@
     const IntrinsicProcTable &, const ProcedureRef &);
 
 } // namespace Fortran::evaluate
+
+namespace Fortran::semantics {
+
+class Scope;
+
+// These functions are used in Evaluate so they are defined here rather than in
+// Semantics to avoid a link-time dependency on Semantics.
+
+bool IsVariableName(const Symbol &);
+bool IsPureProcedure(const Symbol &);
+bool IsPureProcedure(const Scope &);
+bool IsFunction(const Symbol &);
+bool IsProcedure(const Symbol &);
+bool IsProcedurePointer(const Symbol &);
+bool IsSaved(const Symbol &); // saved implicitly or explicitly
+bool IsDummy(const Symbol &);
+
+// Follow use, host, and construct assocations to a variable, if any.
+const Symbol *GetAssociationRoot(const Symbol &);
+const Symbol *FindCommonBlockContaining(const Symbol &);
+int CountLenParameters(const DerivedTypeSpec &);
+const Symbol &GetUsedModule(const UseDetails &);
+
+} // namespace Fortran::semantics
+
 #endif // FORTRAN_EVALUATE_TOOLS_H_
diff --git a/flang/include/flang/Semantics/scope.h b/flang/include/flang/Semantics/scope.h
--- a/flang/include/flang/Semantics/scope.h
+++ b/flang/include/flang/Semantics/scope.h
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
   Symbol *symbol() { return symbol_; }
   const Symbol *symbol() const { return symbol_; }
 
-  const Symbol *GetSymbol() const;
+  inline const Symbol *GetSymbol() const;
   const Scope *GetDerivedTypeParent() const;
   const Scope &GetDerivedTypeBase() const;
   std::optional<SourceName> GetName() const;
@@ -255,5 +255,13 @@
 
   friend llvm::raw_ostream &operator<<(llvm::raw_ostream &, const Scope &);
 };
+
+// Inline so that it can be called from Evaluate without a link-time dependency.
+
+inline const Symbol *Scope::GetSymbol() const {
+  return symbol_ ? symbol_
+                 : derivedTypeSpec_ ? &derivedTypeSpec_->typeSymbol() : nullptr;
+}
+
 } // namespace Fortran::semantics
 #endif // FORTRAN_SEMANTICS_SCOPE_H_
diff --git a/flang/include/flang/Semantics/symbol.h b/flang/include/flang/Semantics/symbol.h
--- a/flang/include/flang/Semantics/symbol.h
+++ b/flang/include/flang/Semantics/symbol.h
@@ -364,7 +364,6 @@
       : location_{location}, symbol_{symbol} {}
   const SourceName &location() const { return location_; }
   const Symbol &symbol() const { return symbol_; }
-  const Symbol &module() const;
 
 private:
   SourceName location_;
@@ -552,51 +551,13 @@
   bool CanReplaceDetails(const Details &details) const;
 
   // Follow use-associations and host-associations to get the ultimate entity.
-  Symbol &GetUltimate() {
-    return const_cast<Symbol &>(
-        const_cast<const Symbol *>(this)->GetUltimate());
-  }
-  const Symbol &GetUltimate() const {
-    if (const auto *details{detailsIf<UseDetails>()}) {
-      return details->symbol().GetUltimate();
-    } else if (const auto *details{detailsIf<HostAssocDetails>()}) {
-      return details->symbol().GetUltimate();
-    } else {
-      return *this;
-    }
-  }
+  inline Symbol &GetUltimate();
+  inline const Symbol &GetUltimate() const;
 
-  DeclTypeSpec *GetType() {
-    return const_cast<DeclTypeSpec *>(
-        const_cast<const Symbol *>(this)->GetType());
-  }
-  const DeclTypeSpec *GetType() const {
-    return std::visit(
-        common::visitors{
-            [](const EntityDetails &x) { return x.type(); },
-            [](const ObjectEntityDetails &x) { return x.type(); },
-            [](const AssocEntityDetails &x) { return x.type(); },
-            [](const SubprogramDetails &x) {
-              return x.isFunction() ? x.result().GetType() : nullptr;
-            },
-            [](const ProcEntityDetails &x) {
-              if (const Symbol * symbol{x.interface().symbol()}) {
-                return symbol->GetType();
-              } else {
-                return x.interface().type();
-              }
-            },
-            [&](const ProcBindingDetails &x) { return x.symbol().GetType(); },
-            [](const TypeParamDetails &x) { return x.type(); },
-            [](const UseDetails &x) { return x.symbol().GetType(); },
-            [](const HostAssocDetails &x) { return x.symbol().GetType(); },
-            [](const auto &) -> const DeclTypeSpec * { return nullptr; },
-        },
-        details_);
-  }
+  inline DeclTypeSpec *GetType();
+  inline const DeclTypeSpec *GetType() const;
 
   void SetType(const DeclTypeSpec &);
-  bool IsDummy() const;
   bool IsFuncResult() const;
   bool IsObjectArray() const;
   bool IsSubprogram() const;
@@ -753,6 +714,45 @@
   return false;
 }
 
+inline Symbol &Symbol::GetUltimate() {
+  return const_cast<Symbol &>(const_cast<const Symbol *>(this)->GetUltimate());
+}
+inline const Symbol &Symbol::GetUltimate() const {
+  if (const auto *details{detailsIf<UseDetails>()}) {
+    return details->symbol().GetUltimate();
+  } else if (const auto *details{detailsIf<HostAssocDetails>()}) {
+    return details->symbol().GetUltimate();
+  } else {
+    return *this;
+  }
+}
+
+inline DeclTypeSpec *Symbol::GetType() {
+  return const_cast<DeclTypeSpec *>(
+      const_cast<const Symbol *>(this)->GetType());
+}
+inline const DeclTypeSpec *Symbol::GetType() const {
+  return std::visit(
+      common::visitors{
+          [](const EntityDetails &x) { return x.type(); },
+          [](const ObjectEntityDetails &x) { return x.type(); },
+          [](const AssocEntityDetails &x) { return x.type(); },
+          [](const SubprogramDetails &x) {
+            return x.isFunction() ? x.result().GetType() : nullptr;
+          },
+          [](const ProcEntityDetails &x) {
+            const Symbol *symbol{x.interface().symbol()};
+            return symbol ? symbol->GetType() : x.interface().type();
+          },
+          [](const ProcBindingDetails &x) { return x.symbol().GetType(); },
+          [](const TypeParamDetails &x) { return x.type(); },
+          [](const UseDetails &x) { return x.symbol().GetType(); },
+          [](const HostAssocDetails &x) { return x.symbol().GetType(); },
+          [](const auto &) -> const DeclTypeSpec * { return nullptr; },
+      },
+      details_);
+}
+
 inline bool operator<(SymbolRef x, SymbolRef y) { return *x < *y; }
 inline bool operator<(MutableSymbolRef x, MutableSymbolRef y) {
   return *x < *y;
diff --git a/flang/include/flang/Semantics/tools.h b/flang/include/flang/Semantics/tools.h
--- a/flang/include/flang/Semantics/tools.h
+++ b/flang/include/flang/Semantics/tools.h
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@
 class Symbol;
 
 const Scope *FindModuleContaining(const Scope &);
-const Symbol *FindCommonBlockContaining(const Symbol &object);
 const Scope *FindProgramUnitContaining(const Scope &);
 const Scope *FindProgramUnitContaining(const Symbol &);
 const Scope *FindPureProcedureContaining(const Scope &);
@@ -50,9 +49,6 @@
 const DeclTypeSpec *FindParentTypeSpec(const Scope &);
 const DeclTypeSpec *FindParentTypeSpec(const Symbol &);
 
-// Return the Symbol of the variable of a construct association, if it exists
-const Symbol *GetAssociationRoot(const Symbol &);
-
 enum class Tristate { No, Yes, Maybe };
 inline Tristate ToTristate(bool x) { return x ? Tristate::Yes : Tristate::No; }
 
@@ -78,21 +74,17 @@
 bool DoesScopeContain(const Scope *, const Symbol &);
 bool IsUseAssociated(const Symbol &, const Scope &);
 bool IsHostAssociated(const Symbol &, const Scope &);
-bool IsDummy(const Symbol &);
-bool IsStmtFunction(const Symbol &);
+inline bool IsStmtFunction(const Symbol &symbol) {
+  const auto *subprogram{symbol.detailsIf<SubprogramDetails>()};
+  return subprogram && subprogram->stmtFunction();
+}
 bool IsInStmtFunction(const Symbol &);
 bool IsStmtFunctionDummy(const Symbol &);
 bool IsStmtFunctionResult(const Symbol &);
 bool IsPointerDummy(const Symbol &);
-bool IsFunction(const Symbol &);
-bool IsPureProcedure(const Symbol &);
-bool IsPureProcedure(const Scope &);
 bool IsBindCProcedure(const Symbol &);
 bool IsBindCProcedure(const Scope &);
-bool IsProcedure(const Symbol &);
 bool IsProcName(const Symbol &symbol); // proc-name
-bool IsVariableName(const Symbol &symbol); // variable-name
-bool IsProcedurePointer(const Symbol &);
 bool IsFunctionResult(const Symbol &);
 bool IsFunctionResultWithSameNameAsFunction(const Symbol &);
 bool IsExtensibleType(const DerivedTypeSpec *);
@@ -103,8 +95,6 @@
 bool IsIsoCType(const DerivedTypeSpec *);
 bool IsEventTypeOrLockType(const DerivedTypeSpec *);
 bool IsOrContainsEventOrLockComponent(const Symbol &);
-// Has an explicit or implied SAVE attribute
-bool IsSaved(const Symbol &);
 bool CanBeTypeBoundProc(const Symbol *);
 bool IsInitialized(const Symbol &);
 bool HasIntrinsicTypeName(const Symbol &);
diff --git a/flang/include/flang/Semantics/type.h b/flang/include/flang/Semantics/type.h
--- a/flang/include/flang/Semantics/type.h
+++ b/flang/include/flang/Semantics/type.h
@@ -217,13 +217,12 @@
 struct ArraySpec : public std::vector<ShapeSpec> {
   ArraySpec() {}
   int Rank() const { return size(); }
-  bool IsExplicitShape() const;
-  bool IsAssumedShape() const;
-  bool IsDeferredShape() const;
-  bool IsImpliedShape() const;
-  bool IsAssumedSize() const;
-  bool IsAssumedRank() const;
-  bool IsConstantShape() const; // explicit shape with constant bounds
+  inline bool IsExplicitShape() const;
+  inline bool IsAssumedShape() const;
+  inline bool IsDeferredShape() const;
+  inline bool IsImpliedShape() const;
+  inline bool IsAssumedSize() const;
+  inline bool IsAssumedRank() const;
 
 private:
   // Check non-empty and predicate is true for each element.
@@ -251,7 +250,6 @@
   void ReplaceScope(const Scope &);
   RawParameters &rawParameters() { return rawParameters_; }
   const ParameterMapType &parameters() const { return parameters_; }
-  int NumLengthParameters() const;
 
   bool MightBeParameterized() const;
   bool IsForwardReferenced() const;
@@ -354,10 +352,10 @@
     return std::get<DerivedTypeSpec>(typeSpec_);
   }
 
-  IntrinsicTypeSpec *AsIntrinsic();
-  const IntrinsicTypeSpec *AsIntrinsic() const;
-  DerivedTypeSpec *AsDerived();
-  const DerivedTypeSpec *AsDerived() const;
+  inline IntrinsicTypeSpec *AsIntrinsic();
+  inline const IntrinsicTypeSpec *AsIntrinsic() const;
+  inline DerivedTypeSpec *AsDerived();
+  inline const DerivedTypeSpec *AsDerived() const;
 
   std::string AsFortran() const;
 
@@ -383,5 +381,62 @@
   const Symbol *symbol_{nullptr};
   const DeclTypeSpec *type_{nullptr};
 };
+
+// Define some member functions here in the header so that they can be used by
+// lib/Evaluate without link-time dependency on Semantics.
+
+inline bool ArraySpec::IsExplicitShape() const {
+  return CheckAll([](const ShapeSpec &x) { return x.ubound().isExplicit(); });
+}
+inline bool ArraySpec::IsAssumedShape() const {
+  return CheckAll([](const ShapeSpec &x) { return x.ubound().isDeferred(); });
+}
+inline bool ArraySpec::IsDeferredShape() const {
+  return CheckAll([](const ShapeSpec &x) {
+    return x.lbound().isDeferred() && x.ubound().isDeferred();
+  });
+}
+inline bool ArraySpec::IsImpliedShape() const {
+  return !IsAssumedRank() &&
+      CheckAll([](const ShapeSpec &x) { return x.ubound().isAssumed(); });
+}
+inline bool ArraySpec::IsAssumedSize() const {
+  return !empty() && !IsAssumedRank() && back().ubound().isAssumed() &&
+      std::all_of(begin(), end() - 1,
+          [](const ShapeSpec &x) { return x.ubound().isExplicit(); });
+}
+inline bool ArraySpec::IsAssumedRank() const {
+  return Rank() == 1 && front().lbound().isAssumed();
+}
+
+inline IntrinsicTypeSpec *DeclTypeSpec::AsIntrinsic() {
+  switch (category_) {
+  case Numeric:
+    return &std::get<NumericTypeSpec>(typeSpec_);
+  case Logical:
+    return &std::get<LogicalTypeSpec>(typeSpec_);
+  case Character:
+    return &std::get<CharacterTypeSpec>(typeSpec_);
+  default:
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+}
+inline const IntrinsicTypeSpec *DeclTypeSpec::AsIntrinsic() const {
+  return const_cast<DeclTypeSpec *>(this)->AsIntrinsic();
+}
+
+inline DerivedTypeSpec *DeclTypeSpec::AsDerived() {
+  switch (category_) {
+  case TypeDerived:
+  case ClassDerived:
+    return &std::get<DerivedTypeSpec>(typeSpec_);
+  default:
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+}
+inline const DerivedTypeSpec *DeclTypeSpec::AsDerived() const {
+  return const_cast<DeclTypeSpec *>(this)->AsDerived();
+}
+
 } // namespace Fortran::semantics
 #endif // FORTRAN_SEMANTICS_TYPE_H_
diff --git a/flang/lib/Evaluate/check-expression.cpp b/flang/lib/Evaluate/check-expression.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Evaluate/check-expression.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Evaluate/check-expression.cpp
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@
       return "derived type component or type parameter value not allowed to "
              "reference variable '"s +
           symbol.name().ToString() + "'";
-    } else if (symbol.IsDummy()) {
+    } else if (IsDummy(symbol)) {
       if (symbol.attrs().test(semantics::Attr::OPTIONAL)) {
         return "reference to OPTIONAL dummy argument '"s +
             symbol.name().ToString() + "'";
diff --git a/flang/lib/Evaluate/tools.cpp b/flang/lib/Evaluate/tools.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Evaluate/tools.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Evaluate/tools.cpp
@@ -823,7 +823,7 @@
   if (const auto *use{symbol.detailsIf<semantics::UseDetails>()}) {
     message.Attach(use->location(),
         "'%s' is USE-associated with '%s' in module '%s'"_en_US, symbol.name(),
-        unhosted->name(), use->module().name());
+        unhosted->name(), GetUsedModule(*use).name());
   } else {
     message.Attach(
         unhosted->name(), "Declaration of '%s'"_en_US, unhosted->name());
@@ -872,3 +872,156 @@
 }
 
 } // namespace Fortran::evaluate
+
+namespace Fortran::semantics {
+
+// When a construct association maps to a variable, and that variable
+// is not an array with a vector-valued subscript, return the base
+// Symbol of that variable, else nullptr.  Descends into other construct
+// associations when one associations maps to another.
+static const Symbol *GetAssociatedVariable(
+    const semantics::AssocEntityDetails &details) {
+  if (const auto &expr{details.expr()}) {
+    if (IsVariable(*expr) && !HasVectorSubscript(*expr)) {
+      if (const Symbol * varSymbol{GetFirstSymbol(*expr)}) {
+        return GetAssociationRoot(*varSymbol);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+const Symbol *GetAssociationRoot(const Symbol &symbol) {
+  const Symbol &ultimate{symbol.GetUltimate()};
+  const auto *details{ultimate.detailsIf<semantics::AssocEntityDetails>()};
+  return details ? GetAssociatedVariable(*details) : &ultimate;
+}
+
+bool IsVariableName(const Symbol &symbol) {
+  const Symbol *root{GetAssociationRoot(symbol)};
+  return root && root->has<ObjectEntityDetails>() && !IsNamedConstant(*root);
+}
+
+bool IsPureProcedure(const Symbol &symbol) {
+  if (const auto *procDetails{symbol.detailsIf<ProcEntityDetails>()}) {
+    if (const Symbol * procInterface{procDetails->interface().symbol()}) {
+      // procedure component with a pure interface
+      return IsPureProcedure(*procInterface);
+    }
+  } else if (const auto *details{symbol.detailsIf<ProcBindingDetails>()}) {
+    return IsPureProcedure(details->symbol());
+  } else if (!IsProcedure(symbol)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (IsStmtFunction(symbol)) {
+    // Section 15.7(1) states that a statement function is PURE if it does not
+    // reference an IMPURE procedure or a VOLATILE variable
+    if (const auto &expr{symbol.get<SubprogramDetails>().stmtFunction()}) {
+      for (const SymbolRef &ref : evaluate::CollectSymbols(*expr)) {
+        if (IsFunction(*ref) && !IsPureProcedure(*ref)) {
+          return false;
+        }
+        const Symbol *root{GetAssociationRoot(*ref)};
+        if (root && root->attrs().test(Attr::VOLATILE)) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return true; // statement function was not found to be impure
+  }
+  return symbol.attrs().test(Attr::PURE) ||
+      (symbol.attrs().test(Attr::ELEMENTAL) &&
+          !symbol.attrs().test(Attr::IMPURE));
+}
+
+bool IsPureProcedure(const Scope &scope) {
+  const Symbol *symbol{scope.GetSymbol()};
+  return symbol && IsPureProcedure(*symbol);
+}
+
+bool IsFunction(const Symbol &symbol) {
+  return std::visit(
+      common::visitors{
+          [](const SubprogramDetails &x) { return x.isFunction(); },
+          [&](const SubprogramNameDetails &) {
+            return symbol.test(Symbol::Flag::Function);
+          },
+          [](const ProcEntityDetails &x) {
+            const auto &ifc{x.interface()};
+            return ifc.type() || (ifc.symbol() && IsFunction(*ifc.symbol()));
+          },
+          [](const ProcBindingDetails &x) { return IsFunction(x.symbol()); },
+          [](const UseDetails &x) { return IsFunction(x.symbol()); },
+          [](const auto &) { return false; },
+      },
+      symbol.details());
+}
+
+bool IsProcedure(const Symbol &symbol) {
+  return std::visit(
+      common::visitors{
+          [](const SubprogramDetails &) { return true; },
+          [](const SubprogramNameDetails &) { return true; },
+          [](const ProcEntityDetails &) { return true; },
+          [](const GenericDetails &) { return true; },
+          [](const ProcBindingDetails &) { return true; },
+          [](const UseDetails &x) { return IsProcedure(x.symbol()); },
+          // TODO: FinalProcDetails?
+          [](const auto &) { return false; },
+      },
+      symbol.details());
+}
+
+const Symbol *FindCommonBlockContaining(const Symbol &object) {
+  const auto *details{object.detailsIf<ObjectEntityDetails>()};
+  return details ? details->commonBlock() : nullptr;
+}
+
+bool IsProcedurePointer(const Symbol &symbol) {
+  return symbol.has<ProcEntityDetails>() && IsPointer(symbol);
+}
+
+bool IsSaved(const Symbol &symbol) {
+  auto scopeKind{symbol.owner().kind()};
+  if (scopeKind == Scope::Kind::Module || scopeKind == Scope::Kind::BlockData) {
+    return true;
+  } else if (scopeKind == Scope::Kind::DerivedType) {
+    return false; // this is a component
+  } else if (IsNamedConstant(symbol)) {
+    return false;
+  } else if (symbol.attrs().test(Attr::SAVE)) {
+    return true;
+  } else if (const auto *object{symbol.detailsIf<ObjectEntityDetails>()};
+             object && object->init()) {
+    return true;
+  } else if (IsProcedurePointer(symbol) &&
+      symbol.get<ProcEntityDetails>().init()) {
+    return true;
+  } else if (const Symbol * block{FindCommonBlockContaining(symbol)};
+             block && block->attrs().test(Attr::SAVE)) {
+    return true;
+  } else {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+bool IsDummy(const Symbol &symbol) {
+  return std::visit(
+      common::visitors{[](const EntityDetails &x) { return x.isDummy(); },
+          [](const ObjectEntityDetails &x) { return x.isDummy(); },
+          [](const ProcEntityDetails &x) { return x.isDummy(); },
+          [](const HostAssocDetails &x) { return IsDummy(x.symbol()); },
+          [](const auto &) { return false; }},
+      symbol.details());
+}
+
+int CountLenParameters(const DerivedTypeSpec &type) {
+  return std::count_if(type.parameters().begin(), type.parameters().end(),
+      [](const auto &pair) { return pair.second.isLen(); });
+}
+
+const Symbol &GetUsedModule(const UseDetails &details) {
+  return DEREF(details.symbol().owner().symbol());
+}
+
+} // namespace Fortran::semantics
diff --git a/flang/lib/Evaluate/type.cpp b/flang/lib/Evaluate/type.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Evaluate/type.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Evaluate/type.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 // IsDescriptor() predicate
 // TODO there's probably a better place for this predicate than here
 namespace Fortran::semantics {
+
 static bool IsDescriptor(const ObjectEntityDetails &details) {
   if (const auto *type{details.type()}) {
     if (auto dynamicType{evaluate::DynamicType::From(*type)}) {
@@ -32,7 +33,14 @@
     }
   }
   // TODO: Automatic (adjustable) arrays - are they descriptors?
-  return !details.shape().empty() && !details.shape().IsConstantShape();
+  for (const ShapeSpec &shapeSpec : details.shape()) {
+    const auto &lb{shapeSpec.lbound().GetExplicit()};
+    const auto &ub{shapeSpec.ubound().GetExplicit()};
+    if (!lb || !ub || !IsConstantExpr(*lb) || !IsConstantExpr(*ub)) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
 }
 
 static bool IsDescriptor(const ProcEntityDetails &details) {
@@ -427,7 +435,7 @@
 
 bool DynamicType::RequiresDescriptor() const {
   return IsPolymorphic() || IsUnknownLengthCharacter() ||
-      (derived_ && derived_->NumLengthParameters() > 0);
+      (derived_ && CountLenParameters(*derived_) > 0);
 }
 
 bool DynamicType::HasDeferredTypeParameter() const {
diff --git a/flang/lib/Semantics/check-declarations.cpp b/flang/lib/Semantics/check-declarations.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Semantics/check-declarations.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Semantics/check-declarations.cpp
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@
     const Symbol &symbol, const ObjectEntityDetails &details) {
   if (const DeclTypeSpec * type{symbol.GetType()};
       type && type->category() == DeclTypeSpec::TypeStar) {
-    if (!symbol.IsDummy()) {
+    if (!IsDummy(symbol)) {
       messages_.Say(
           "Assumed-type entity '%s' must be a dummy argument"_err_en_US,
           symbol.name());
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@
   if (const DeclTypeSpec * type{details.type()}) { // C708
     if (type->IsPolymorphic() &&
         !(type->IsAssumedType() || IsAllocatableOrPointer(symbol) ||
-            symbol.IsDummy())) {
+            IsDummy(symbol))) {
       messages_.Say("CLASS entity '%s' must be a dummy argument or have "
                     "ALLOCATABLE or POINTER attribute"_err_en_US,
           symbol.name());
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@
               " assumed rank"_err_en_US;
       }
     }
-  } else if (symbol.IsDummy()) {
+  } else if (IsDummy(symbol)) {
     if (isImplied && !isAssumedSize) { // C836
       msg = "Dummy array argument '%s' may not have implied shape"_err_en_US;
     }
diff --git a/flang/lib/Semantics/compute-offsets.cpp b/flang/lib/Semantics/compute-offsets.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Semantics/compute-offsets.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Semantics/compute-offsets.cpp
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
   if (IsDescriptor(symbol) || IsProcedure(symbol)) {
     int lenParams{0};
     if (const DerivedTypeSpec * derived{type->AsDerived()}) {
-      lenParams = derived->NumLengthParameters();
+      lenParams = CountLenParameters(*derived);
     }
     std::size_t size{
         runtime::Descriptor::SizeInBytes(symbol.Rank(), false, lenParams)};
diff --git a/flang/lib/Semantics/mod-file.cpp b/flang/lib/Semantics/mod-file.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Semantics/mod-file.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Semantics/mod-file.cpp
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@
 void ModFileWriter::PutUse(const Symbol &symbol) {
   auto &details{symbol.get<UseDetails>()};
   auto &use{details.symbol()};
-  uses_ << "use " << details.module().name();
+  uses_ << "use " << GetUsedModule(details).name();
   PutGenericName(uses_ << ",only:", symbol);
   // Can have intrinsic op with different local-name and use-name
   // (e.g. `operator(<)` and `operator(.lt.)`) but rename is not allowed
diff --git a/flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names-utils.cpp b/flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names-utils.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names-utils.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names-utils.cpp
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@
   if (symbol.owner().IsDerivedType()) { // C8107
     msg = "Derived type component '%s'"
           " is not allowed in an equivalence set"_err_en_US;
-  } else if (symbol.IsDummy()) { // C8106
+  } else if (IsDummy(symbol)) { // C8106
     msg = "Dummy argument '%s' is not allowed in an equivalence set"_err_en_US;
   } else if (symbol.IsFuncResult()) { // C8106
     msg = "Function result '%s' is not allow in an equivalence set"_err_en_US;
diff --git a/flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names.cpp b/flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-names.cpp
@@ -931,7 +931,7 @@
     } else if (auto *details{symbol.detailsIf<UseDetails>()}) {
       Say(name.source,
           "'%s' is use-associated from module '%s' and cannot be re-declared"_err_en_US,
-          name.source, details->module().name());
+          name.source, GetUsedModule(*details).name());
     } else if (auto *details{symbol.detailsIf<SubprogramNameDetails>()}) {
       if (details->kind() == SubprogramKind::Module) {
         Say2(name,
@@ -1932,7 +1932,7 @@
     Say(name, "'%s' is already declared in this scoping unit"_err_en_US)
         .Attach(details->location(),
             "It is use-associated with '%s' in module '%s'"_err_en_US,
-            details->symbol().name(), details->module().name());
+            details->symbol().name(), GetUsedModule(*details).name());
   } else {
     SayAlreadyDeclared(name, prev.name());
   }
@@ -2363,14 +2363,14 @@
         Say(location,
             "Generic interface '%s' has ambiguous specific procedures"
             " from modules '%s' and '%s'"_err_en_US,
-            localSymbol.name(), useDetails->module().name(),
+            localSymbol.name(), GetUsedModule(*useDetails).name(),
             useSymbol.owner().GetName().value());
       } else if (generic1.derivedType() && generic2.derivedType() &&
           generic1.derivedType() != generic2.derivedType()) {
         Say(location,
             "Generic interface '%s' has ambiguous derived types"
             " from modules '%s' and '%s'"_err_en_US,
-            localSymbol.name(), useDetails->module().name(),
+            localSymbol.name(), GetUsedModule(*useDetails).name(),
             useSymbol.owner().GetName().value());
       } else {
         generic1.CopyFrom(generic2);
@@ -4420,7 +4420,7 @@
 // If SAVE attribute can't be set on symbol, return error message.
 std::optional<MessageFixedText> DeclarationVisitor::CheckSaveAttr(
     const Symbol &symbol) {
-  if (symbol.IsDummy()) {
+  if (IsDummy(symbol)) {
     return "SAVE attribute may not be applied to dummy argument '%s'"_err_en_US;
   } else if (symbol.IsFuncResult()) {
     return "SAVE attribute may not be applied to function result '%s'"_err_en_US;
@@ -4483,7 +4483,7 @@
     } else if (attrs.test(Attr::BIND_C)) {
       Say(name,
           "Variable '%s' with BIND attribute may not appear in a COMMON block"_err_en_US);
-    } else if (symbol->IsDummy()) {
+    } else if (IsDummy(*symbol)) {
       Say(name,
           "Dummy argument '%s' may not appear in a COMMON block"_err_en_US);
     } else if (symbol->IsFuncResult()) {
@@ -4609,7 +4609,7 @@
     return false;
   }
   if (const DeclTypeSpec * type{symbol.GetType()}) {
-    if (type->IsPolymorphic() && symbol.IsDummy() &&
+    if (type->IsPolymorphic() && IsDummy(symbol) &&
         !IsPointer(symbol)) { // C1128
       SayWithDecl(name, symbol,
           "Nonpointer polymorphic argument '%s' not allowed in a "
@@ -5499,7 +5499,7 @@
     if (CheckUseError(name)) {
       return nullptr; // reported an error
     }
-    if (symbol->IsDummy() ||
+    if (IsDummy(*symbol) ||
         (!symbol->GetType() && FindCommonBlockContaining(*symbol))) {
       ConvertToObjectEntity(*symbol);
       ApplyImplicitRules(*symbol);
@@ -5841,7 +5841,7 @@
         ConvertToProcEntity(*symbol);
         if (symbol->has<ProcEntityDetails>()) {
           symbol->set(flag);
-          if (symbol->IsDummy()) {
+          if (IsDummy(*symbol)) {
             symbol->attrs().set(Attr::EXTERNAL);
           }
           ApplyImplicitRules(*symbol);
diff --git a/flang/lib/Semantics/scope.cpp b/flang/lib/Semantics/scope.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Semantics/scope.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Semantics/scope.cpp
@@ -362,16 +362,6 @@
   }
 }
 
-const Symbol *Scope::GetSymbol() const {
-  if (symbol_) {
-    return symbol_;
-  }
-  if (derivedTypeSpec_) {
-    return &derivedTypeSpec_->typeSymbol();
-  }
-  return nullptr;
-}
-
 const Scope *Scope::GetDerivedTypeParent() const {
   if (const Symbol * symbol{GetSymbol()}) {
     if (const DerivedTypeSpec * parent{symbol->GetParentTypeSpec(this)}) {
diff --git a/flang/lib/Semantics/symbol.cpp b/flang/lib/Semantics/symbol.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Semantics/symbol.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Semantics/symbol.cpp
@@ -141,13 +141,8 @@
   }
 }
 
-const Symbol &UseDetails::module() const {
-  // owner is a module so it must have a symbol:
-  return *symbol_->owner().symbol();
-}
-
 UseErrorDetails::UseErrorDetails(const UseDetails &useDetails) {
-  add_occurrence(useDetails.location(), *useDetails.module().scope());
+  add_occurrence(useDetails.location(), *GetUsedModule(useDetails).scope());
 }
 UseErrorDetails &UseErrorDetails::add_occurrence(
     const SourceName &location, const Scope &module) {
@@ -287,16 +282,6 @@
       details_);
 }
 
-bool Symbol::IsDummy() const {
-  return std::visit(
-      common::visitors{[](const EntityDetails &x) { return x.isDummy(); },
-          [](const ObjectEntityDetails &x) { return x.isDummy(); },
-          [](const ProcEntityDetails &x) { return x.isDummy(); },
-          [](const HostAssocDetails &x) { return x.symbol().IsDummy(); },
-          [](const auto &) { return false; }},
-      details_);
-}
-
 bool Symbol::IsFuncResult() const {
   return std::visit(
       common::visitors{[](const EntityDetails &x) { return x.isFuncResult(); },
@@ -389,7 +374,7 @@
 
 llvm::raw_ostream &operator<<(llvm::raw_ostream &os, const Details &details) {
   os << DetailsToString(details);
-  std::visit(
+  std::visit( //
       common::visitors{
           [&](const UnknownDetails &) {},
           [&](const MainProgramDetails &) {},
@@ -413,7 +398,8 @@
             os << ' ' << EnumToString(x.kind());
           },
           [&](const UseDetails &x) {
-            os << " from " << x.symbol().name() << " in " << x.module().name();
+            os << " from " << x.symbol().name() << " in "
+               << GetUsedModule(x).name();
           },
           [&](const UseErrorDetails &x) {
             os << " uses:";
diff --git a/flang/lib/Semantics/tools.cpp b/flang/lib/Semantics/tools.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Semantics/tools.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Semantics/tools.cpp
@@ -42,14 +42,6 @@
       start, [](const Scope &scope) { return scope.IsModule(); });
 }
 
-const Symbol *FindCommonBlockContaining(const Symbol &object) {
-  if (const auto *details{object.detailsIf<ObjectEntityDetails>()}) {
-    return details->commonBlock();
-  } else {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-}
-
 const Scope *FindProgramUnitContaining(const Scope &start) {
   return FindScopeContaining(start, [](const Scope &scope) {
     switch (scope.kind()) {
@@ -193,21 +185,6 @@
       DoesScopeContain(FindProgramUnitContaining(symbol), *subprogram);
 }
 
-bool IsDummy(const Symbol &symbol) {
-  if (const auto *details{symbol.detailsIf<ObjectEntityDetails>()}) {
-    return details->isDummy();
-  } else if (const auto *details{symbol.detailsIf<ProcEntityDetails>()}) {
-    return details->isDummy();
-  } else {
-    return false;
-  }
-}
-
-bool IsStmtFunction(const Symbol &symbol) {
-  const auto *subprogram{symbol.detailsIf<SubprogramDetails>()};
-  return subprogram && subprogram->stmtFunction();
-}
-
 bool IsInStmtFunction(const Symbol &symbol) {
   if (const Symbol * function{symbol.owner().symbol()}) {
     return IsStmtFunction(*function);
@@ -227,80 +204,11 @@
   return IsPointer(symbol) && IsDummy(symbol);
 }
 
-// variable-name
-bool IsVariableName(const Symbol &symbol) {
-  if (const Symbol * root{GetAssociationRoot(symbol)}) {
-    return root->has<ObjectEntityDetails>() && !IsNamedConstant(*root);
-  } else {
-    return false;
-  }
-}
-
 // proc-name
 bool IsProcName(const Symbol &symbol) {
   return symbol.GetUltimate().has<ProcEntityDetails>();
 }
 
-bool IsFunction(const Symbol &symbol) {
-  return std::visit(
-      common::visitors{
-          [](const SubprogramDetails &x) { return x.isFunction(); },
-          [&](const SubprogramNameDetails &) {
-            return symbol.test(Symbol::Flag::Function);
-          },
-          [](const ProcEntityDetails &x) {
-            const auto &ifc{x.interface()};
-            return ifc.type() || (ifc.symbol() && IsFunction(*ifc.symbol()));
-          },
-          [](const ProcBindingDetails &x) { return IsFunction(x.symbol()); },
-          [](const UseDetails &x) { return IsFunction(x.symbol()); },
-          [](const auto &) { return false; },
-      },
-      symbol.details());
-}
-
-bool IsPureProcedure(const Symbol &symbol) {
-  if (const auto *procDetails{symbol.detailsIf<ProcEntityDetails>()}) {
-    if (const Symbol * procInterface{procDetails->interface().symbol()}) {
-      // procedure component with a pure interface
-      return IsPureProcedure(*procInterface);
-    }
-  } else if (const auto *details{symbol.detailsIf<ProcBindingDetails>()}) {
-    return IsPureProcedure(details->symbol());
-  } else if (!IsProcedure(symbol)) {
-    return false;
-  }
-  if (IsStmtFunction(symbol)) {
-    // Section 15.7(1) states that a statement function is PURE if it does not
-    // reference an IMPURE procedure or a VOLATILE variable
-    const MaybeExpr &expr{symbol.get<SubprogramDetails>().stmtFunction()};
-    if (expr) {
-      for (const Symbol &refSymbol : evaluate::CollectSymbols(*expr)) {
-        if (IsFunction(refSymbol) && !IsPureProcedure(refSymbol)) {
-          return false;
-        }
-        if (const Symbol * root{GetAssociationRoot(refSymbol)}) {
-          if (root->attrs().test(Attr::VOLATILE)) {
-            return false;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    return true; // statement function was not found to be impure
-  }
-  return symbol.attrs().test(Attr::PURE) ||
-      (symbol.attrs().test(Attr::ELEMENTAL) &&
-          !symbol.attrs().test(Attr::IMPURE));
-}
-
-bool IsPureProcedure(const Scope &scope) {
-  if (const Symbol * symbol{scope.GetSymbol()}) {
-    return IsPureProcedure(*symbol);
-  } else {
-    return false;
-  }
-}
-
 bool IsBindCProcedure(const Symbol &symbol) {
   if (const auto *procDetails{symbol.detailsIf<ProcEntityDetails>()}) {
     if (const Symbol * procInterface{procDetails->interface().symbol()}) {
@@ -319,25 +227,6 @@
   }
 }
 
-bool IsProcedure(const Symbol &symbol) {
-  return std::visit(
-      common::visitors{
-          [](const SubprogramDetails &) { return true; },
-          [](const SubprogramNameDetails &) { return true; },
-          [](const ProcEntityDetails &) { return true; },
-          [](const GenericDetails &) { return true; },
-          [](const ProcBindingDetails &) { return true; },
-          [](const UseDetails &x) { return IsProcedure(x.symbol()); },
-          // TODO: FinalProcDetails?
-          [](const auto &) { return false; },
-      },
-      symbol.details());
-}
-
-bool IsProcedurePointer(const Symbol &symbol) {
-  return symbol.has<ProcEntityDetails>() && IsPointer(symbol);
-}
-
 static const Symbol *FindPointerComponent(
     const Scope &scope, std::set<const Scope *> &visited) {
   if (!scope.IsDerivedType()) {
@@ -555,33 +444,6 @@
   return nullptr;
 }
 
-// When a construct association maps to a variable, and that variable
-// is not an array with a vector-valued subscript, return the base
-// Symbol of that variable, else nullptr.  Descends into other construct
-// associations when one associations maps to another.
-static const Symbol *GetAssociatedVariable(const AssocEntityDetails &details) {
-  if (const MaybeExpr & expr{details.expr()}) {
-    if (evaluate::IsVariable(*expr) && !evaluate::HasVectorSubscript(*expr)) {
-      if (const Symbol * varSymbol{evaluate::GetFirstSymbol(*expr)}) {
-        return GetAssociationRoot(*varSymbol);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  return nullptr;
-}
-
-// Return the Symbol of the variable of a construct association, if it exists
-// Return nullptr if the name is associated with an expression
-const Symbol *GetAssociationRoot(const Symbol &symbol) {
-  const Symbol &ultimate{symbol.GetUltimate()};
-  if (const auto *details{ultimate.detailsIf<AssocEntityDetails>()}) {
-    // We have a construct association
-    return GetAssociatedVariable(*details);
-  } else {
-    return &ultimate;
-  }
-}
-
 bool IsExtensibleType(const DerivedTypeSpec *derived) {
   return derived && !IsIsoCType(derived) &&
       !derived->typeSymbol().attrs().test(Attr::BIND_C) &&
@@ -627,35 +489,6 @@
   return false;
 }
 
-bool IsSaved(const Symbol &symbol) {
-  auto scopeKind{symbol.owner().kind()};
-  if (scopeKind == Scope::Kind::Module || scopeKind == Scope::Kind::BlockData) {
-    return true;
-  } else if (scopeKind == Scope::Kind::DerivedType) {
-    return false; // this is a component
-  } else if (IsNamedConstant(symbol)) {
-    return false;
-  } else if (symbol.attrs().test(Attr::SAVE)) {
-    return true;
-  } else {
-    if (const auto *object{symbol.detailsIf<ObjectEntityDetails>()}) {
-      if (object->init()) {
-        return true;
-      }
-    } else if (IsProcedurePointer(symbol)) {
-      if (symbol.get<ProcEntityDetails>().init()) {
-        return true;
-      }
-    }
-    if (const Symbol * block{FindCommonBlockContaining(symbol)}) {
-      if (block->attrs().test(Attr::SAVE)) {
-        return true;
-      }
-    }
-    return false;
-  }
-}
-
 // Check this symbol suitable as a type-bound procedure - C769
 bool CanBeTypeBoundProc(const Symbol *symbol) {
   if (!symbol || IsDummy(*symbol) || IsProcedurePointer(*symbol)) {
diff --git a/flang/lib/Semantics/type.cpp b/flang/lib/Semantics/type.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Semantics/type.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Semantics/type.cpp
@@ -165,16 +165,6 @@
   CHECK(pair.second); // name was not already present
 }
 
-int DerivedTypeSpec::NumLengthParameters() const {
-  int result{0};
-  for (const auto &pair : parameters_) {
-    if (pair.second.isLen()) {
-      ++result;
-    }
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
 bool DerivedTypeSpec::MightBeParameterized() const {
   return !cooked_ || !parameters_.empty();
 }
@@ -487,37 +477,6 @@
   return o;
 }
 
-bool ArraySpec::IsExplicitShape() const {
-  return CheckAll([](const ShapeSpec &x) { return x.ubound().isExplicit(); });
-}
-bool ArraySpec::IsAssumedShape() const {
-  return CheckAll([](const ShapeSpec &x) { return x.ubound().isDeferred(); });
-}
-bool ArraySpec::IsDeferredShape() const {
-  return CheckAll([](const ShapeSpec &x) {
-    return x.lbound().isDeferred() && x.ubound().isDeferred();
-  });
-}
-bool ArraySpec::IsImpliedShape() const {
-  return !IsAssumedRank() &&
-      CheckAll([](const ShapeSpec &x) { return x.ubound().isAssumed(); });
-}
-bool ArraySpec::IsAssumedSize() const {
-  return !empty() && !IsAssumedRank() && back().ubound().isAssumed() &&
-      std::all_of(begin(), end() - 1,
-          [](const ShapeSpec &x) { return x.ubound().isExplicit(); });
-}
-bool ArraySpec::IsAssumedRank() const {
-  return Rank() == 1 && front().lbound().isAssumed();
-}
-bool ArraySpec::IsConstantShape() const {
-  return CheckAll([](const ShapeSpec &x) {
-    const auto &lb{x.lbound().GetExplicit()};
-    const auto &ub{x.ubound().GetExplicit()};
-    return lb && ub && IsConstantExpr(*lb) && IsConstantExpr(*ub);
-  });
-}
-
 llvm::raw_ostream &operator<<(
     llvm::raw_ostream &os, const ArraySpec &arraySpec) {
   char sep{'('};
@@ -634,35 +593,6 @@
   return false;
 }
 
-IntrinsicTypeSpec *DeclTypeSpec::AsIntrinsic() {
-  switch (category_) {
-  case Numeric:
-    return &std::get<NumericTypeSpec>(typeSpec_);
-  case Logical:
-    return &std::get<LogicalTypeSpec>(typeSpec_);
-  case Character:
-    return &std::get<CharacterTypeSpec>(typeSpec_);
-  default:
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-}
-const IntrinsicTypeSpec *DeclTypeSpec::AsIntrinsic() const {
-  return const_cast<DeclTypeSpec *>(this)->AsIntrinsic();
-}
-
-DerivedTypeSpec *DeclTypeSpec::AsDerived() {
-  switch (category_) {
-  case TypeDerived:
-  case ClassDerived:
-    return &std::get<DerivedTypeSpec>(typeSpec_);
-  default:
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-}
-const DerivedTypeSpec *DeclTypeSpec::AsDerived() const {
-  return const_cast<DeclTypeSpec *>(this)->AsDerived();
-}
-
 const NumericTypeSpec &DeclTypeSpec::numericTypeSpec() const {
   CHECK(category_ == Numeric);
   return std::get<NumericTypeSpec>(typeSpec_);