diff --git a/clang-tools-extra/clangd/FindTarget.cpp b/clang-tools-extra/clangd/FindTarget.cpp
--- a/clang-tools-extra/clangd/FindTarget.cpp
+++ b/clang-tools-extra/clangd/FindTarget.cpp
@@ -139,7 +139,13 @@
 
 const NamedDecl *getTemplatePattern(const NamedDecl *D) {
   if (const CXXRecordDecl *CRD = dyn_cast<CXXRecordDecl>(D)) {
-    return CRD->getTemplateInstantiationPattern();
+    if (const auto *Result = CRD->getTemplateInstantiationPattern())
+      return Result;
+    // getTemplateInstantiationPattern returns null if the Specialization is
+    // incomplete (e.g. the type didn't need to be complete), fall back to the
+    // primary template.
+    if (const auto *Spec = dyn_cast<ClassTemplateSpecializationDecl>(CRD))
+      return Spec->getSpecializedTemplate()->getTemplatedDecl();
   } else if (const FunctionDecl *FD = dyn_cast<FunctionDecl>(D)) {
     return FD->getTemplateInstantiationPattern();
   } else if (auto *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(D)) {
@@ -412,7 +418,6 @@
       void
       VisitTemplateSpecializationType(const TemplateSpecializationType *TST) {
         // Have to handle these case-by-case.
-
         // templated type aliases: there's no specialized/instantiated using
         // decl to point to. So try to find a decl for the underlying type
         // (after substitution), and failing that point to the (templated) using
diff --git a/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/FindTargetTests.cpp b/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/FindTargetTests.cpp
--- a/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/FindTargetTests.cpp
+++ b/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/FindTargetTests.cpp
@@ -309,6 +309,16 @@
                {"template<> class Foo<42>", Rel::TemplateInstantiation},
                {"class Foo", Rel::TemplatePattern});
 
+  Code = R"cpp(
+    template<typename T> class Foo {};
+    // The "Foo<int>" SpecializationDecl is incomplete, there is no
+    // instantiation happening.
+    void func([[Foo<int>]] *);
+  )cpp";
+  EXPECT_DECLS("TemplateSpecializationTypeLoc",
+               {"class Foo", Rel::TemplatePattern},
+               {"template<> class Foo<int>", Rel::TemplateInstantiation});
+
   Code = R"cpp(
     // Explicit specialization.
     template<int x> class Foo{};
diff --git a/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/XRefsTests.cpp b/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/XRefsTests.cpp
--- a/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/XRefsTests.cpp
+++ b/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/XRefsTests.cpp
@@ -954,6 +954,12 @@
        class [[Fo^o]] {};
        void func([[Foo]]<int>);
       )cpp",
+
+      R"cpp(
+       template <typename T>
+       class [[Foo]] {};
+       void func([[Fo^o]]<int>);
+      )cpp",
   };
   for (const char *Test : Tests) {
     Annotations T(Test);