diff --git a/compiler-rt/lib/scudo/standalone/combined.h b/compiler-rt/lib/scudo/standalone/combined.h
--- a/compiler-rt/lib/scudo/standalone/combined.h
+++ b/compiler-rt/lib/scudo/standalone/combined.h
@@ -402,7 +402,10 @@
     Str.output();
   }
 
-  void releaseToOS() { Primary.releaseToOS(); }
+  void releaseToOS() {
+    initThreadMaybe();
+    Primary.releaseToOS();
+  }
 
   // Iterate over all chunks and call a callback for all busy chunks located
   // within the provided memory range. Said callback must not use this allocator
diff --git a/compiler-rt/lib/scudo/standalone/tests/combined_test.cpp b/compiler-rt/lib/scudo/standalone/tests/combined_test.cpp
--- a/compiler-rt/lib/scudo/standalone/tests/combined_test.cpp
+++ b/compiler-rt/lib/scudo/standalone/tests/combined_test.cpp
@@ -279,3 +279,18 @@
   EXPECT_DEATH(Allocator->reallocate(P, Size * 2U), "");
   EXPECT_DEATH(Allocator->getUsableSize(P), "");
 }
+
+// Ensure that releaseToOS can be called prior to any other allocator
+// operation without issue.
+TEST(ScudoCombinedTest, ReleaseToOS) {
+  using AllocatorT = scudo::Allocator<DeathConfig>;
+  auto Deleter = [](AllocatorT *A) {
+    A->unmapTestOnly();
+    delete A;
+  };
+  std::unique_ptr<AllocatorT, decltype(Deleter)> Allocator(new AllocatorT,
+                                                           Deleter);
+  Allocator->reset();
+
+  Allocator->releaseToOS();
+}