diff --git a/llvm/test/tools/llvm-objdump/xcoff-section-headers.test b/llvm/test/tools/llvm-objdump/xcoff-section-headers.test
--- a/llvm/test/tools/llvm-objdump/xcoff-section-headers.test
+++ b/llvm/test/tools/llvm-objdump/xcoff-section-headers.test
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
 # CHECK: xcoff-section-headers.o:      file format aixcoff-rs6000
 # CHECK: Sections:
 # CHECK: Idx Name          Size     VMA      Type
-# CHECK:   1 .text         00000080 00000000 TEXT
-# CHECK:   2 .data         00000024 00000080 DATA
-# CHECK:   3 .bss          00000004 000000a4 BSS
-# CHECK:   4 .tdata        00000008 00000000 DATA
-# CHECK:   5 .tbss         00000004 00000008 BSS
+# CHECK:   0 .text         00000080 00000000 TEXT
+# CHECK:   1 .data         00000024 00000080 DATA
+# CHECK:   2 .bss          00000004 000000a4 BSS
+# CHECK:   3 .tdata        00000008 00000000 DATA
+# CHECK:   4 .tbss         00000004 00000008 BSS
 
 # xcoff-section-headers.o Compiled with IBM XL C/C++ for AIX, V16.1.0
 # test.c:
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@
 
 # LONG: xcoff-long-sec-names.o:      file format aixcoff-rs6000
 # LONG: Sections:
-# LONG: Idx Name        Size     VMA      Type
-# LONG: 1 .dwarnge      00000004 00000000
-# LONG: 2 .dwpbnms      00000004 00000000
-# LONG: 3 .dwpbtyp      00000004 00000000
+# LONG: Idx Name          Size     VMA      Type
+# LONG:   0 .dwarnge      00000004 00000000
+# LONG:   1 .dwpbnms      00000004 00000000
+# LONG:   2 .dwpbtyp      00000004 00000000
 
 # xcoff-long-sec-names.o was generated by assembling the following .s file:
 #  .dwsect 0x30000 # .dwpbnms section
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-objdump/llvm-objdump.h b/llvm/tools/llvm-objdump/llvm-objdump.h
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-objdump/llvm-objdump.h
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-objdump/llvm-objdump.h
@@ -79,7 +79,12 @@
 };
 
 // Various helper functions.
-SectionFilter ToolSectionFilter(llvm::object::ObjectFile const &O);
+
+// The optional index parameter is to keep track of which section index this is.
+// This may be different than the actual section number, as some sections may be
+// filtered (e.g. symbol tables).
+SectionFilter ToolSectionFilter(llvm::object::ObjectFile const &O,
+                                uint64_t *Idx = nullptr);
 
 Error getELFRelocationValueString(const object::ELFObjectFileBase *Obj,
                                   const object::RelocationRef &Rel,
diff --git a/llvm/tools/llvm-objdump/llvm-objdump.cpp b/llvm/tools/llvm-objdump/llvm-objdump.cpp
--- a/llvm/tools/llvm-objdump/llvm-objdump.cpp
+++ b/llvm/tools/llvm-objdump/llvm-objdump.cpp
@@ -342,14 +342,19 @@
 
 typedef std::vector<std::tuple<uint64_t, StringRef, uint8_t>> SectionSymbolsTy;
 
-static bool shouldKeep(object::SectionRef S) {
+struct FilterResult {
+  bool Keep;
+  bool IncrementIndex;
+};
+
+static FilterResult checkSectionFilter(object::SectionRef S) {
   if (FilterSections.empty())
-    return true;
+    return {/*Keep=*/true, /*Increment=*/true};
 
   Expected<StringRef> SecNameOrErr = S.getName();
   if (!SecNameOrErr) {
     consumeError(SecNameOrErr.takeError());
-    return false;
+    return {/*Keep=*/false, /*Increment=*/false};
   }
   StringRef SecName = *SecNameOrErr;
 
@@ -357,11 +362,25 @@
   // no name (such as the section with index 0) here.
   if (!SecName.empty())
     FoundSectionSet.insert(SecName);
-  return is_contained(FilterSections, SecName);
+
+  // Only show the section if it's in the FilterSections list, but always
+  // increment so the indexing is stable.
+  return {/*Keep=*/is_contained(FilterSections, SecName), /*Increment=*/true};
 }
 
-SectionFilter ToolSectionFilter(object::ObjectFile const &O) {
-  return SectionFilter([](object::SectionRef S) { return shouldKeep(S); }, O);
+SectionFilter ToolSectionFilter(object::ObjectFile const &O, uint64_t *Idx) {
+  // Start at UINT64_MAX so that the first index returned after an increment is
+  // zero (after the unsigned wrap).
+  if (Idx != nullptr)
+    *Idx = UINT64_MAX;
+  return SectionFilter(
+      [Idx](object::SectionRef S) {
+        auto Result = checkSectionFilter(S);
+        if (Idx != nullptr && Result.IncrementIndex)
+          *Idx += 1;
+        return Result.Keep;
+      },
+      O);
 }
 
 std::string getFileNameForError(const object::Archive::Child &C,
@@ -967,7 +986,7 @@
   std::map<SectionRef, std::vector<RelocationRef>> Ret;
   for (SectionRef Sec : Obj.sections()) {
     section_iterator Relocated = Sec.getRelocatedSection();
-    if (Relocated == Obj.section_end() || !shouldKeep(*Relocated))
+    if (Relocated == Obj.section_end() || !checkSectionFilter(*Relocated).Keep)
       continue;
     std::vector<RelocationRef> &V = Ret[*Relocated];
     for (const RelocationRef &R : Sec.relocations())
@@ -1676,7 +1695,8 @@
            << left_justify("Name", NameWidth) << " Size     "
            << left_justify("VMA", AddressWidth) << " Type\n";
 
-  for (const SectionRef &Section : ToolSectionFilter(*Obj)) {
+  uint64_t Idx;
+  for (const SectionRef &Section : ToolSectionFilter(*Obj, &Idx)) {
     StringRef Name = unwrapOrError(Section.getName(), Obj->getFileName());
     uint64_t VMA = Section.getAddress();
     if (shouldAdjustVA(Section))
@@ -1694,14 +1714,14 @@
     std::string Type = llvm::join(SectionTypes, " ");
 
     if (HasLMAColumn)
-      outs() << format("%3d %-*s %08" PRIx64 " ", (unsigned)Section.getIndex(),
-                       NameWidth, Name.str().c_str(), Size)
+      outs() << format("%3d %-*s %08" PRIx64 " ", Idx, NameWidth,
+                       Name.str().c_str(), Size)
              << format_hex_no_prefix(VMA, AddressWidth) << " "
              << format_hex_no_prefix(getELFSectionLMA(Section), AddressWidth)
              << " " << Type << "\n";
     else
-      outs() << format("%3d %-*s %08" PRIx64 " ", (unsigned)Section.getIndex(),
-                       NameWidth, Name.str().c_str(), Size)
+      outs() << format("%3d %-*s %08" PRIx64 " ", Idx, NameWidth,
+                       Name.str().c_str(), Size)
              << format_hex_no_prefix(VMA, AddressWidth) << " " << Type << "\n";
   }
   outs() << "\n";