Index: clang/lib/Format/TokenAnnotator.cpp
===================================================================
--- clang/lib/Format/TokenAnnotator.cpp
+++ clang/lib/Format/TokenAnnotator.cpp
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
   AnnotatingParser(const FormatStyle &Style, AnnotatedLine &Line,
                    const AdditionalKeywords &Keywords)
       : Style(Style), Line(Line), CurrentToken(Line.First), AutoFound(false),
-        Keywords(Keywords) {
+        TrailingReturnFound(false), Keywords(Keywords) {
     Contexts.push_back(Context(tok::unknown, 1, /*IsExpression=*/false));
     resetTokenMetadata(CurrentToken);
   }
@@ -1389,7 +1389,11 @@
     } else if (Current.is(tok::arrow) && AutoFound && Line.MustBeDeclaration &&
                Current.NestingLevel == 0) {
       Current.Type = TT_TrailingReturnArrow;
-    } else if (Current.isOneOf(tok::star, tok::amp, tok::ampamp)) {
+      TrailingReturnFound = true;
+    } else if (Current.is(tok::star) ||
+               (Current.isOneOf(tok::amp, tok::ampamp) &&
+                (Current.NestingLevel != 0 || !Line.MightBeFunctionDecl ||
+                 TrailingReturnFound))) {
       Current.Type = determineStarAmpUsage(Current,
                                            Contexts.back().CanBeExpression &&
                                                Contexts.back().IsExpression,
@@ -1412,6 +1416,8 @@
         Current.Type = TT_ConditionalExpr;
       }
     } else if (Current.isBinaryOperator() &&
+               !(Line.MightBeFunctionDecl && Current.NestingLevel == 0 &&
+                 Current.isOneOf(tok::amp, tok::ampamp)) &&
                (!Current.Previous || Current.Previous->isNot(tok::l_square)) &&
                (!Current.is(tok::greater) &&
                 Style.Language != FormatStyle::LK_TextProto)) {
@@ -1486,10 +1492,12 @@
       // colon after this, this is the only place which annotates the identifier
       // as a selector.)
       Current.Type = TT_SelectorName;
-    } else if (Current.isOneOf(tok::identifier, tok::kw_const) &&
+    } else if (Current.isOneOf(tok::identifier, tok::kw_const, tok::amp,
+                               tok::ampamp) &&
                Current.Previous &&
                !Current.Previous->isOneOf(tok::equal, tok::at) &&
-               Line.MightBeFunctionDecl && Contexts.size() == 1) {
+               Line.MightBeFunctionDecl && !TrailingReturnFound &&
+               Contexts.size() == 1) {
       // Line.MightBeFunctionDecl can only be true after the parentheses of a
       // function declaration have been found.
       Current.Type = TT_TrailingAnnotation;
@@ -1767,6 +1775,7 @@
   AnnotatedLine &Line;
   FormatToken *CurrentToken;
   bool AutoFound;
+  bool TrailingReturnFound;
   const AdditionalKeywords &Keywords;
 
   // Set of "<" tokens that do not open a template parameter list. If parseAngle
@@ -2680,6 +2689,14 @@
       Right.MatchingParen->endsSequence(TT_DictLiteral, tok::at))
     // Objective-C dictionary literal -> no space before closing brace.
     return false;
+  if (Right.Type == TT_TrailingAnnotation &&
+      Right.isOneOf(tok::amp, tok::ampamp) &&
+      Left.isOneOf(tok::kw_const, tok::kw_volatile) &&
+      (!Right.Next || Right.Next->is(tok::semi)))
+    // Match const and volatile ref-qualifiers without any additional
+    // qualifiers such as
+    // void Fn() const &;
+    return Style.PointerAlignment != FormatStyle::PAS_Left;
   return true;
 }
 
Index: clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp
===================================================================
--- clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp
+++ clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp
@@ -6901,6 +6901,73 @@
                Spaces);
   verifyFormat("Deleted &operator=( const Deleted & ) &;", Spaces);
   verifyFormat("SomeType MemberFunction( const Deleted & ) &;", Spaces);
+
+  FormatStyle BreakTemplate = getLLVMStyle();
+  BreakTemplate.AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations = FormatStyle::BTDS_Yes;
+
+  verifyFormat("struct f {\n"
+               "  template <class T>\n"
+               "  int &foo(const std::string &str) & noexcept {}\n"
+               "};",
+               BreakTemplate);
+
+  verifyFormat("struct f {\n"
+               "  template <class T>\n"
+               "  int &foo(const std::string &str) && noexcept {}\n"
+               "};",
+               BreakTemplate);
+
+  verifyFormat("struct f {\n"
+               "  template <class T>\n"
+               "  int &foo(const std::string &str) const & noexcept {}\n"
+               "};",
+               BreakTemplate);
+
+  verifyFormat("struct f {\n"
+               "  template <class T>\n"
+               "  int &foo(const std::string &str) const & noexcept {}\n"
+               "};",
+               BreakTemplate);
+
+  verifyFormat("struct f {\n"
+               "  template <class T>\n"
+               "  auto foo(const std::string &str) && noexcept -> int & {}\n"
+               "};",
+               BreakTemplate);
+
+  FormatStyle AlignLeftBreakTemplate = getLLVMStyle();
+  AlignLeftBreakTemplate.AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations = FormatStyle::BTDS_Yes;
+  AlignLeftBreakTemplate.PointerAlignment = FormatStyle::PAS_Left;
+
+  verifyFormat("struct f {\n"
+               "  template <class T>\n"
+               "  int& foo(const std::string& str) & noexcept {}\n"
+               "};",
+               AlignLeftBreakTemplate);
+
+  verifyFormat("struct f {\n"
+               "  template <class T>\n"
+               "  int& foo(const std::string& str) && noexcept {}\n"
+               "};",
+               AlignLeftBreakTemplate);
+
+  verifyFormat("struct f {\n"
+               "  template <class T>\n"
+               "  int& foo(const std::string& str) const & noexcept {}\n"
+               "};",
+               AlignLeftBreakTemplate);
+
+  verifyFormat("struct f {\n"
+               "  template <class T>\n"
+               "  int& foo(const std::string& str) const & noexcept {}\n"
+               "};",
+               AlignLeftBreakTemplate);
+
+  verifyFormat("struct f {\n"
+               "  template <class T>\n"
+               "  auto foo(const std::string& str) && noexcept -> int& {}\n"
+               "};",
+               AlignLeftBreakTemplate);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FormatTest, UnderstandsNewAndDelete) {