diff --git a/clang-tools-extra/clangd/XRefs.cpp b/clang-tools-extra/clangd/XRefs.cpp
--- a/clang-tools-extra/clangd/XRefs.cpp
+++ b/clang-tools-extra/clangd/XRefs.cpp
@@ -370,7 +370,6 @@
 class ReferenceFinder : public index::IndexDataConsumer {
 public:
   struct Reference {
-    const Decl *CanonicalTarget;
     SourceLocation Loc;
     index::SymbolRoleSet Role;
   };
@@ -384,17 +383,15 @@
 
   std::vector<Reference> take() && {
     llvm::sort(References, [](const Reference &L, const Reference &R) {
-      return std::tie(L.Loc, L.CanonicalTarget, L.Role) <
-             std::tie(R.Loc, R.CanonicalTarget, R.Role);
+      return std::tie(L.Loc, L.Role) < std::tie(R.Loc, R.Role);
     });
     // We sometimes see duplicates when parts of the AST get traversed twice.
-    References.erase(
-        std::unique(References.begin(), References.end(),
-                    [](const Reference &L, const Reference &R) {
-                      return std::tie(L.CanonicalTarget, L.Loc, L.Role) ==
-                             std::tie(R.CanonicalTarget, R.Loc, R.Role);
-                    }),
-        References.end());
+    References.erase(std::unique(References.begin(), References.end(),
+                                 [](const Reference &L, const Reference &R) {
+                                   return std::tie(L.Loc, L.Role) ==
+                                          std::tie(R.Loc, R.Role);
+                                 }),
+                     References.end());
     return std::move(References);
   }
 
@@ -407,7 +404,7 @@
     const SourceManager &SM = AST.getSourceManager();
     Loc = SM.getFileLoc(Loc);
     if (isInsideMainFile(Loc, SM) && CanonicalTargets.count(D))
-      References.push_back({D, Loc, Roles});
+      References.push_back({Loc, Roles});
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -441,6 +438,8 @@
   // FIXME: show references to macro within file?
   auto References = findRefs(Symbols.Decls, AST);
 
+  // FIXME: we may get multiple DocumentHighlights with the same location and
+  // different kinds, deduplicate them.
   std::vector<DocumentHighlight> Result;
   for (const auto &Ref : References) {
     if (auto Range =
@@ -951,6 +950,15 @@
   // We traverse the AST to find references in the main file.
   // TODO: should we handle macros, too?
   auto MainFileRefs = findRefs(Symbols.Decls, AST);
+  // We may get multiple refs with the same location and different Roles, as
+  // cross-reference is only interested in locations, we deduplicate them
+  // by the location to avoid emitting duplicated locations.
+  MainFileRefs.erase(std::unique(MainFileRefs.begin(), MainFileRefs.end(),
+                                 [](const ReferenceFinder::Reference &L,
+                                    const ReferenceFinder::Reference &R) {
+                                   return L.Loc == R.Loc;
+                                 }),
+                     MainFileRefs.end());
   for (const auto &Ref : MainFileRefs) {
     if (auto Range =
             getTokenRange(AST.getASTContext().getSourceManager(),
diff --git a/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/XRefsTests.cpp b/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/XRefsTests.cpp
--- a/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/XRefsTests.cpp
+++ b/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/XRefsTests.cpp
@@ -2037,35 +2037,36 @@
 TEST(FindReferences, ExplicitSymbols) {
   const char *Tests[] = {
       R"cpp(
-      struct Foo { Foo* [self]() const; };
+      struct Foo { Foo* [[self]]() const; };
       void f() {
-        if (Foo* T = foo.[^self]()) {} // Foo member call expr.
+        Foo foo;
+        if (Foo* T = foo.[[^self]]()) {} // Foo member call expr.
       }
       )cpp",
 
       R"cpp(
       struct Foo { Foo(int); };
       Foo f() {
-        int [b];
-        return [^b]; // Foo constructor expr.
+        int [[b]];
+        return [[^b]]; // Foo constructor expr.
       }
       )cpp",
 
       R"cpp(
       struct Foo {};
       void g(Foo);
-      Foo [f]();
+      Foo [[f]]();
       void call() {
-        g([^f]());  // Foo constructor expr.
+        g([[^f]]());  // Foo constructor expr.
       }
       )cpp",
 
       R"cpp(
-      void [foo](int);
-      void [foo](double);
+      void [[foo]](int);
+      void [[foo]](double);
 
       namespace ns {
-      using ::[fo^o];
+      using ::[[fo^o]];
       }
       )cpp",
   };
@@ -2075,6 +2076,7 @@
     std::vector<Matcher<Location>> ExpectedLocations;
     for (const auto &R : T.ranges())
       ExpectedLocations.push_back(RangeIs(R));
+    ASSERT_THAT(ExpectedLocations, Not(IsEmpty()));
     EXPECT_THAT(findReferences(AST, T.point(), 0),
                 ElementsAreArray(ExpectedLocations))
         << Test;