diff --git a/clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy/utils/TransformerClangTidyCheck.h b/clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy/utils/TransformerClangTidyCheck.h
--- a/clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy/utils/TransformerClangTidyCheck.h
+++ b/clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy/utils/TransformerClangTidyCheck.h
@@ -31,19 +31,32 @@
 // };
 class TransformerClangTidyCheck : public ClangTidyCheck {
 public:
-  // All cases in \p R must have a non-null \c Explanation, even though \c
-  // Explanation is optional for RewriteRule in general. Because the primary
-  // purpose of clang-tidy checks is to provide users with diagnostics, we
-  // assume that a missing explanation is a bug.  If no explanation is desired,
-  // indicate that explicitly (for example, by passing `text("no explanation")`
-  //  to `makeRule` as the `Explanation` argument).
+  // \p MakeRule generates the rewrite rule to be used by the check, based on
+  // the given language and clang-tidy options. It can return \c None to handle
+  // cases where the options disable the check.
+  //
+  // All cases in the rule generated by \p MakeRule must have a non-null \c
+  // Explanation, even though \c Explanation is optional for RewriteRule in
+  // general. Because the primary purpose of clang-tidy checks is to provide
+  // users with diagnostics, we assume that a missing explanation is a bug.  If
+  // no explanation is desired, indicate that explicitly (for example, by
+  // passing `text("no explanation")` to `makeRule` as the `Explanation`
+  // argument).
+  TransformerClangTidyCheck(std::function<Optional<tooling::RewriteRule>(
+                                const LangOptions &, const OptionsView &)>
+                                MakeRule,
+                            StringRef Name, ClangTidyContext *Context);
+
+  // Convenience overload of the constructor when the rule doesn't depend on any
+  // of the language or clang-tidy options.
   TransformerClangTidyCheck(tooling::RewriteRule R, StringRef Name,
                             ClangTidyContext *Context);
+
   void registerMatchers(ast_matchers::MatchFinder *Finder) final;
   void check(const ast_matchers::MatchFinder::MatchResult &Result) final;
 
 private:
-  tooling::RewriteRule Rule;
+  Optional<tooling::RewriteRule> Rule;
 };
 
 } // namespace utils
diff --git a/clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy/utils/TransformerClangTidyCheck.cpp b/clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy/utils/TransformerClangTidyCheck.cpp
--- a/clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy/utils/TransformerClangTidyCheck.cpp
+++ b/clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy/utils/TransformerClangTidyCheck.cpp
@@ -25,9 +25,23 @@
          " explicitly provide an empty explanation if none is desired");
 }
 
+TransformerClangTidyCheck::TransformerClangTidyCheck(
+    std::function<Optional<RewriteRule>(const LangOptions &,
+                                        const OptionsView &)>
+        MakeRule,
+    StringRef Name, ClangTidyContext *Context)
+    : ClangTidyCheck(Name, Context), Rule(MakeRule(getLangOpts(), Options)) {
+  assert(llvm::all_of(Rule.Cases, [](const RewriteRule::Case &C) {
+                       return C.Explanation != nullptr;
+                     }) &&
+         "clang-tidy checks must have an explanation by default;"
+         " explicitly provide an empty explanation if none is desired");
+}
+
 void TransformerClangTidyCheck::registerMatchers(
     ast_matchers::MatchFinder *Finder) {
-  Finder->addDynamicMatcher(tooling::detail::buildMatcher(Rule), this);
+  if (Rule)
+    Finder->addDynamicMatcher(tooling::detail::buildMatcher(*Rule), this);
 }
 
 void TransformerClangTidyCheck::check(
@@ -43,7 +57,8 @@
       Root->second.getSourceRange().getBegin());
   assert(RootLoc.isValid() && "Invalid location for Root node of match.");
 
-  RewriteRule::Case Case = tooling::detail::findSelectedCase(Result, Rule);
+  assert(Rule && "check() should not fire if Rule is None");
+  RewriteRule::Case Case = tooling::detail::findSelectedCase(Result, *Rule);
   Expected<SmallVector<tooling::detail::Transformation, 1>> Transformations =
       tooling::detail::translateEdits(Result, Case.Edits);
   if (!Transformations) {