diff --git a/clang/include/clang/Frontend/PrecompiledPreamble.h b/clang/include/clang/Frontend/PrecompiledPreamble.h
--- a/clang/include/clang/Frontend/PrecompiledPreamble.h
+++ b/clang/include/clang/Frontend/PrecompiledPreamble.h
@@ -291,7 +291,8 @@
   CouldntCreateTempFile = 1,
   CouldntCreateTargetInfo,
   BeginSourceFileFailed,
-  CouldntEmitPCH
+  CouldntEmitPCH,
+  BadInputs
 };
 
 class BuildPreambleErrorCategory final : public std::error_category {
diff --git a/clang/lib/Frontend/ASTUnit.cpp b/clang/lib/Frontend/ASTUnit.cpp
--- a/clang/lib/Frontend/ASTUnit.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Frontend/ASTUnit.cpp
@@ -1366,6 +1366,7 @@
       case BuildPreambleError::CouldntCreateTargetInfo:
       case BuildPreambleError::BeginSourceFileFailed:
       case BuildPreambleError::CouldntEmitPCH:
+      case BuildPreambleError::BadInputs:
         // These erros are more likely to repeat, retry after some period.
         PreambleRebuildCounter = DefaultPreambleRebuildInterval;
         return nullptr;
diff --git a/clang/lib/Frontend/PrecompiledPreamble.cpp b/clang/lib/Frontend/PrecompiledPreamble.cpp
--- a/clang/lib/Frontend/PrecompiledPreamble.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Frontend/PrecompiledPreamble.cpp
@@ -299,14 +299,13 @@
   // created. This complexity should be lifted elsewhere.
   Clang->getTarget().adjust(Clang->getLangOpts());
 
-  assert(Clang->getFrontendOpts().Inputs.size() == 1 &&
-         "Invocation must have exactly one source file!");
-  assert(Clang->getFrontendOpts().Inputs[0].getKind().getFormat() ==
-             InputKind::Source &&
-         "FIXME: AST inputs not yet supported here!");
-  assert(Clang->getFrontendOpts().Inputs[0].getKind().getLanguage() !=
-             InputKind::LLVM_IR &&
-         "IR inputs not support here!");
+  if (Clang->getFrontendOpts().Inputs.size() != 1 ||
+      Clang->getFrontendOpts().Inputs[0].getKind().getFormat() !=
+          InputKind::Source ||
+      Clang->getFrontendOpts().Inputs[0].getKind().getLanguage() ==
+          InputKind::LLVM_IR) {
+    return BuildPreambleError::BadInputs;
+  }
 
   // Clear out old caches and data.
   Diagnostics.Reset();
@@ -770,6 +769,8 @@
     return "BeginSourceFile() return an error";
   case BuildPreambleError::CouldntEmitPCH:
     return "Could not emit PCH";
+  case BuildPreambleError::BadInputs:
+    return "Command line arguments must contain exactly one source file";
   }
   llvm_unreachable("unexpected BuildPreambleError");
 }