Index: clang/lib/CodeGen/CodeGenFunction.cpp
===================================================================
--- clang/lib/CodeGen/CodeGenFunction.cpp
+++ clang/lib/CodeGen/CodeGenFunction.cpp
@@ -901,21 +901,21 @@
   }
 
   // Apply xray attributes to the function (as a string, for now)
-  bool InstrumentXray = ShouldXRayInstrumentFunction() &&
-                        CGM.getCodeGenOpts().XRayInstrumentationBundle.has(
-                            XRayInstrKind::Function);
-  if (D && InstrumentXray) {
+  if (D) {
     if (const auto *XRayAttr = D->getAttr<XRayInstrumentAttr>()) {
-      if (XRayAttr->alwaysXRayInstrument())
-        Fn->addFnAttr("function-instrument", "xray-always");
-      if (XRayAttr->neverXRayInstrument())
-        Fn->addFnAttr("function-instrument", "xray-never");
-      if (const auto *LogArgs = D->getAttr<XRayLogArgsAttr>()) {
-        Fn->addFnAttr("xray-log-args",
-                      llvm::utostr(LogArgs->getArgumentCount()));
+      if (CGM.getCodeGenOpts().XRayInstrumentationBundle.has(
+              XRayInstrKind::Function)) {
+        if (XRayAttr->alwaysXRayInstrument() && ShouldXRayInstrumentFunction())
+          Fn->addFnAttr("function-instrument", "xray-always");
+        if (XRayAttr->neverXRayInstrument())
+          Fn->addFnAttr("function-instrument", "xray-never");
+        if (const auto *LogArgs = D->getAttr<XRayLogArgsAttr>())
+          if (ShouldXRayInstrumentFunction())
+            Fn->addFnAttr("xray-log-args",
+                          llvm::utostr(LogArgs->getArgumentCount()));
       }
     } else {
-      if (!CGM.imbueXRayAttrs(Fn, Loc))
+      if (ShouldXRayInstrumentFunction() && !CGM.imbueXRayAttrs(Fn, Loc))
         Fn->addFnAttr(
             "xray-instruction-threshold",
             llvm::itostr(CGM.getCodeGenOpts().XRayInstructionThreshold));
Index: clang/lib/CodeGen/CodeGenModule.cpp
===================================================================
--- clang/lib/CodeGen/CodeGenModule.cpp
+++ clang/lib/CodeGen/CodeGenModule.cpp
@@ -1967,9 +1967,6 @@
 
 bool CodeGenModule::imbueXRayAttrs(llvm::Function *Fn, SourceLocation Loc,
                                    StringRef Category) const {
-  if (!LangOpts.XRayInstrument)
-    return false;
-
   const auto &XRayFilter = getContext().getXRayFilter();
   using ImbueAttr = XRayFunctionFilter::ImbueAttribute;
   auto Attr = ImbueAttr::NONE;
Index: clang/test/CodeGen/xray-attributes-supported.cpp
===================================================================
--- clang/test/CodeGen/xray-attributes-supported.cpp
+++ clang/test/CodeGen/xray-attributes-supported.cpp
@@ -1,19 +1,57 @@
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - -triple x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu | FileCheck %s
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - -triple arm-unknown-linux-gnu -target-abi apcs-gnu | FileCheck %s
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - -triple mips-unknown-linux-gnu | FileCheck %s
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - -triple mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu | FileCheck %s
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - -triple mips64-unknown-linux-gnu | FileCheck %s
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - -triple mips64el-unknown-linux-gnu | FileCheck %s
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - -triple powerpc64le-unknown-linux-gnu | FileCheck %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu | FileCheck %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple arm-unknown-linux-gnu -target-abi apcs-gnu | FileCheck %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple mips-unknown-linux-gnu | FileCheck %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu | FileCheck %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple mips64-unknown-linux-gnu | FileCheck %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple mips64el-unknown-linux-gnu | FileCheck %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fxray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple powerpc64le-unknown-linux-gnu | FileCheck %s
+
+// We also want to ensure that the attributes show up even if we explicitly turn
+// off XRay instrumentation. We let the back-end decide whether to honour the
+// attributes instead.
+//
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fno-xray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu | \
+// RUN:     FileCheck --check-prefix=NOXRAY %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fno-xray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple arm-unknown-linux-gnu -target-abi apcs-gnu | \
+// RUN:     FileCheck --check-prefix=NOXRAY %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fno-xray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple mips-unknown-linux-gnu | \
+// RUN;     FileCheck --check-prefix=NOXRAY %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fno-xray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu | \
+// RUN:     FileCheck --check-prefix=NOXRAY %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fno-xray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple mips64-unknown-linux-gnu | \
+// RUN:     FileCheck --check-prefix=NOXRAY %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fno-xray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple mips64el-unknown-linux-gnu | \
+// RUN:     FileCheck --check-prefix=NOXRAY %s
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -fno-xray-instrument -std=c++11 -x c++ -emit-llvm -o - \
+// RUN:     -triple powerpc64le-unknown-linux-gnu | \
+// RUN:     FileCheck --check-prefix=NOXRAY %s
 
 // Make sure that the LLVM attribute for XRay-annotated functions do show up.
 [[clang::xray_always_instrument]] void foo() {
 // CHECK: define void @_Z3foov() #0
+// NOXRAY: define void @_Z3foov() #0
 };
 
 [[clang::xray_never_instrument]] void bar() {
 // CHECK: define void @_Z3barv() #1
+// NOXRAY: define void @_Z3barv() #1
 };
 
 // CHECK: #0 = {{.*}}"function-instrument"="xray-always"
 // CHECK: #1 = {{.*}}"function-instrument"="xray-never"
+// NOXRAY-NOT: #0 = {{.*}}"function-instrument"="xray-always"
+// NOXRAY: #1 = {{.*}}"function-instrument"="xray-never"
+
Index: compiler-rt/test/xray/TestCases/Posix/clang-no-xray-instrument.cc
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ compiler-rt/test/xray/TestCases/Posix/clang-no-xray-instrument.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// Test that we cannot actually find XRay instrumentation when we build with
+// -fno-xray-instrument but have code that's marked as 'xray_always_instrument'.
+//
+// RUN: %clangxx -fno-xray-instrument -c %s -o %t.o
+// RUN: not %llvm_xray extract -symbolize %t.o 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+// REQUIRES: x86_64-target-arch
+// REQUIRES: built-in-llvm-tree
+
+// CHECK: llvm-xray: Cannot extract instrumentation map
+// CHECK-NOT: {{.*always_instrumented.*}}
+[[clang::xray_always_instrument]] int always_instrumented() { return 42; }