Index: lib/Target/RISCV/MCTargetDesc/RISCVAsmBackend.cpp
===================================================================
--- lib/Target/RISCV/MCTargetDesc/RISCVAsmBackend.cpp
+++ lib/Target/RISCV/MCTargetDesc/RISCVAsmBackend.cpp
@@ -27,12 +27,13 @@
 
 namespace {
 class RISCVAsmBackend : public MCAsmBackend {
+  const MCSubtargetInfo &STI;
   uint8_t OSABI;
   bool Is64Bit;
 
 public:
-  RISCVAsmBackend(uint8_t OSABI, bool Is64Bit)
-      : MCAsmBackend(), OSABI(OSABI), Is64Bit(Is64Bit) {}
+  RISCVAsmBackend(const MCSubtargetInfo &STI, uint8_t OSABI, bool Is64Bit)
+      : MCAsmBackend(), STI(STI), OSABI(OSABI), Is64Bit(Is64Bit) {}
   ~RISCVAsmBackend() override {}
 
   void applyFixup(const MCAssembler &Asm, const MCFixup &Fixup,
@@ -88,14 +89,26 @@
 };
 
 bool RISCVAsmBackend::writeNopData(uint64_t Count, MCObjectWriter *OW) const {
-  // Once support for the compressed instruction set is added, we will be able
-  // to conditionally support 16-bit NOPs
-  if ((Count % 4) != 0)
-    return false;
-
+  bool HasStdExtC = STI.getFeatureBits()[RISCV::FeatureStdExtC];
+
+  if (HasStdExtC) {
+    if ((Count % 2) != 0)
+      return false;
+  } else {
+    if ((Count % 4) != 0)
+      return false;
+  }
   // The canonical nop on RISC-V is addi x0, x0, 0
-  for (uint64_t i = 0; i < Count; i += 4)
-    OW->write32(0x13);
+  uint64_t Nop32Count = Count / 4;
+  for (uint64_t i = Nop32Count; i != 0; --i)
+     OW->write32(0x13);
+ 
+  // The canonical nop on RVC is c.nop
+  if (HasStdExtC) {
+    uint64_t Nop16Count = (Count - Nop32Count * 4) / 2;
+    for (uint64_t i = Nop16Count; i != 0; --i)
+      OW->write16(0x01);
+  }
 
   return true;
 }
@@ -235,5 +248,5 @@
                                           const MCTargetOptions &Options) {
   const Triple &TT = STI.getTargetTriple();
   uint8_t OSABI = MCELFObjectTargetWriter::getOSABI(TT.getOS());
-  return new RISCVAsmBackend(OSABI, TT.isArch64Bit());
+  return new RISCVAsmBackend(STI, OSABI, TT.isArch64Bit());
 }
Index: test/MC/RISCV/cnop.s
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ test/MC/RISCV/cnop.s
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# RUN: llvm-mc -filetype=obj -triple riscv32 -mattr=+c < %s \
+# RUN:     | llvm-objdump -mattr=+c -d - | FileCheck -check-prefix=CHECK-INST %s
+
+# alpha and main are 8 byte alignment
+# but the alpha function's size is 6
+# So assembler will insert a c.nop to make sure 8 byte alignment.
+
+        .text
+       .p2align        3
+       .type   alpha,@function
+alpha:
+# BB#0:
+       addi    sp, sp, -16
+       c.lw    a0, 0(a0)
+# CHECK-INST: c.nop
+.Lfunc_end0:
+       .size   alpha, .Lfunc_end0-alpha
+                                        # -- End function
+       .globl  main
+       .p2align        3
+       .type   main,@function
+main:                                   # @main
+# BB#0:
+.Lfunc_end1:
+       .size   main, .Lfunc_end1-main
+                                        # -- End function