Index: include/clang/Basic/LLVM.h
===================================================================
--- include/clang/Basic/LLVM.h
+++ include/clang/Basic/LLVM.h
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
   template<typename T, unsigned N> class SmallVector;
   template<typename T> class SmallVectorImpl;
   template<typename T> class Optional;
+  template <class T> class Expected;
 
   template<typename T>
   struct SaveAndRestore;
@@ -71,6 +72,9 @@
   using llvm::SmallVectorImpl;
   using llvm::SaveAndRestore;
 
+  // Error handling.
+  using llvm::Expected;
+
   // Reference counting.
   using llvm::IntrusiveRefCntPtr;
   using llvm::IntrusiveRefCntPtrInfo;
Index: include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/AtomicChange.h
===================================================================
--- include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/AtomicChange.h
+++ include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/AtomicChange.h
@@ -46,6 +46,12 @@
   AtomicChange(llvm::StringRef FilePath, llvm::StringRef Key)
       : Key(Key), FilePath(FilePath) {}
 
+  AtomicChange(AtomicChange &&) = default;
+  AtomicChange(const AtomicChange &) = default;
+
+  AtomicChange &operator=(AtomicChange &&) = default;
+  AtomicChange &operator=(const AtomicChange &) = default;
+
   /// \brief Returns the atomic change as a YAML string.
   std::string toYAMLString();
 
@@ -130,6 +136,8 @@
   tooling::Replacements Replaces;
 };
 
+using AtomicChanges = std::vector<AtomicChange>;
+
 // Defines specs for applying changes.
 struct ApplyChangesSpec {
   // If true, cleans up redundant/erroneous code around changed code with
Index: include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRule.h
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRule.h
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+//===--- RefactoringActionRule.h - Clang refactoring library -------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_RULE_H
+#define LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_RULE_H
+
+#include "clang/Basic/LLVM.h"
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring/AtomicChange.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/Error.h"
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace clang {
+namespace tooling {
+
+class RefactoringRuleContext;
+
+/// A common refactoring action rule interface.
+class RefactoringActionRule {
+public:
+  enum RuleKind { SourceChangeRefactoringRuleKind };
+
+  RuleKind getRuleKind() const { return Kind; }
+
+  virtual ~RefactoringActionRule() {}
+
+protected:
+  RefactoringActionRule(RuleKind Kind) : Kind(Kind) {}
+
+private:
+  RuleKind Kind;
+};
+
+/// A type of refactoring action rule that produces source replacements in the
+/// form of atomic changes.
+///
+/// This action rule is typically used for local refactorings that replace
+/// source in a single AST unit.
+class SourceChangeRefactoringRule : public RefactoringActionRule {
+public:
+  SourceChangeRefactoringRule()
+      : RefactoringActionRule(SourceChangeRefactoringRuleKind) {}
+
+  /// Initiates and performs a refactoring action that modifies the sources.
+  ///
+  /// The specific rule must return an llvm::Error with a DiagnosticError
+  /// payload or None when the refactoring action couldn't be initiated/
+  /// performed, or \c AtomicChanges when the action was performed successfully.
+  virtual Expected<Optional<AtomicChanges>>
+  createSourceReplacements(RefactoringRuleContext &Context) = 0;
+
+  static bool classof(const RefactoringActionRule *Rule) {
+    return Rule->getRuleKind() == SourceChangeRefactoringRuleKind;
+  }
+};
+
+/// A set of refactoring action rules that should have unique initiation
+/// requirements.
+using RefactoringActionRules =
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<RefactoringActionRule>>;
+
+} // end namespace tooling
+} // end namespace clang
+
+#endif // LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_RULE_H
Index: include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRuleRequirements.h
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRuleRequirements.h
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+//===--- RefactoringActionRuleRequirements.h - Clang refactoring library --===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_RULE_REQUIREMENTS_H
+#define LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_RULE_REQUIREMENTS_H
+
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRuleRequirementsInternal.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/Error.h"
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace clang {
+namespace tooling {
+namespace refactoring_action_rules {
+
+/// Creates a selection requirement from the given requirement.
+///
+/// Requirements must subclass \c selection::Requirement and implement
+/// evaluateSelection member function.
+template <typename T>
+internal::SourceSelectionRequirement<
+    typename selection::internal::EvaluateSelectionChecker<
+        decltype(&T::evaluateSelection)>::ArgType,
+    typename selection::internal::EvaluateSelectionChecker<
+        decltype(&T::evaluateSelection)>::ReturnType,
+    T>
+requiredSelection(
+    const T &Requirement,
+    typename std::enable_if<selection::traits::IsRequirement<T>::value>::type
+        * = nullptr) {
+  return internal::SourceSelectionRequirement<
+      typename selection::internal::EvaluateSelectionChecker<decltype(
+          &T::evaluateSelection)>::ArgType,
+      typename selection::internal::EvaluateSelectionChecker<decltype(
+          &T::evaluateSelection)>::ReturnType,
+      T>(Requirement);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+void requiredSelection(
+    const T &,
+    typename std::enable_if<
+        !std::is_base_of<selection::Requirement, T>::value>::type * = nullptr) {
+  static_assert(
+      sizeof(T) && false,
+      "selection requirement must be a class derived from Requirement");
+}
+
+} // end namespace refactoring_action_rules
+} // end namespace tooling
+} // end namespace clang
+
+#endif // LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_RULE_REQUIREMENTS_H
Index: include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRuleRequirementsInternal.h
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRuleRequirementsInternal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+//===--- RefactoringActionRuleRequirementsInternal.h - --------------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_REQUIREMENTS_INTERNAL_H
+#define LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_REQUIREMENTS_INTERNAL_H
+
+#include "clang/Basic/LLVM.h"
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringRuleContext.h"
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring/SourceSelectionConstraints.h"
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace clang {
+namespace tooling {
+namespace refactoring_action_rules {
+namespace internal {
+
+/// A base class for any requirement. Used by the \c IsRequirement trait to
+/// determine if a class is a valid requirement.
+struct RequirementBase {};
+
+/// Defines a type alias of type \T when given \c Expected<Optional<T>>, or
+/// \c T otherwise.
+template <typename T> struct DropExpectedOptional { using Type = T; };
+
+template <typename T> struct DropExpectedOptional<Expected<Optional<T>>> {
+  using Type = T;
+};
+
+/// The \c requiredSelection refactoring action requirement is represented
+/// using this type.
+template <typename InputT, typename OutputT, typename RequirementT>
+struct SourceSelectionRequirement
+    : std::enable_if<selection::traits::IsConstraint<InputT>::value &&
+                         selection::traits::IsRequirement<RequirementT>::value,
+                     RequirementBase>::type {
+  using OutputType = typename DropExpectedOptional<OutputT>::Type;
+
+  SourceSelectionRequirement(const RequirementT &Requirement)
+      : Requirement(Requirement) {}
+
+  /// Evaluates the action rule requirement by ensuring that both the selection
+  /// constraint and the selection requirement can be evaluated with the given
+  /// context.
+  ///
+  /// \returns None if the selection constraint is not evaluated successfully,
+  /// Error if the selection requirement is not evaluated successfully or
+  /// an OutputT if the selection requirement was successfully. The OutpuT
+  /// value is wrapped in Expected<Optional<>> which is then unwrapped by the
+  /// refactoring action rule before passing the value to the refactoring
+  /// function.
+  Expected<Optional<OutputType>> evaluate(RefactoringRuleContext &Context) {
+    Optional<InputT> Value = InputT::evaluate(Context);
+    if (!Value)
+      return None;
+    return std::move(Requirement.evaluateSelection(*Value));
+  }
+
+private:
+  const RequirementT Requirement;
+};
+
+} // end namespace internal
+
+namespace traits {
+
+/// A type trait that returns true iff the given type is a valid rule
+/// requirement.
+template <typename First, typename... Rest>
+struct IsRequirement : std::conditional<IsRequirement<First>::value &&
+                                            IsRequirement<Rest...>::value,
+                                        std::true_type, std::false_type>::type {
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct IsRequirement<T>
+    : std::conditional<std::is_base_of<internal::RequirementBase, T>::value,
+                       std::true_type, std::false_type>::type {};
+
+} // end namespace traits
+} // end namespace refactoring_action_rules
+} // end namespace tooling
+} // end namespace clang
+
+#endif // LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_REQUIREMENTS_INTERNAL_H
Index: include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRules.h
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRules.h
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+//===--- RefactoringActionRules.h - Clang refactoring library -------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_RULES_H
+#define LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_RULES_H
+
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRule.h"
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRulesInternal.h"
+
+namespace clang {
+namespace tooling {
+namespace refactoring_action_rules {
+
+/// Creates a new refactoring action rule that invokes the given function once
+/// all of the requirements are satisfied. The values produced during the
+/// evaluation of requirements are passed to the given function (in the order of
+/// requirements).
+///
+/// \param RefactoringFunction the function that will perform the refactoring
+/// once the requirements are satisfied. The function must return a valid
+/// refactoring result type wrapped in an \c Expected type. The following result
+/// types are currently supported:
+///
+///  - AtomicChanges: the refactoring function will be used to create source
+///                   replacements.
+///
+/// \param Requirements a set of rule requirements that have to be satisfied.
+/// Each requirement must be a valid requirement, i.e. the value of
+/// \c traits::IsRequirement<T> must be true. The following requirements are
+/// currently supported:
+///
+///  - requiredSelection: The refactoring function won't be invoked unless the
+///                       given selection requirement is satisfied.
+template <typename ResultType, typename... RequirementTypes>
+std::unique_ptr<RefactoringActionRule>
+createRefactoringRule(Expected<ResultType> (*RefactoringFunction)(
+                          typename RequirementTypes::OutputType...),
+                      const RequirementTypes &... Requirements) {
+  static_assert(
+      std::is_base_of<
+          RefactoringActionRule,
+          internal::SpecificRefactoringRuleAdapter<ResultType>>::value,
+      "invalid refactoring result type");
+  static_assert(traits::IsRequirement<RequirementTypes...>::value,
+                "invalid refactoring action rule requirement");
+  return llvm::make_unique<internal::PlainFunctionRule<
+      ResultType, decltype(RefactoringFunction), RequirementTypes...>>(
+      RefactoringFunction, std::make_tuple(Requirements...));
+}
+
+template <
+    typename Callable, typename... RequirementTypes,
+    typename Fn = decltype(&Callable::operator()),
+    typename ResultType = typename internal::LambdaDeducer<Fn>::ReturnType,
+    bool IsNonCapturingLambda = std::is_convertible<
+        Callable,
+        ResultType (*)(typename RequirementTypes::OutputType...)>::value,
+    typename = typename std::enable_if<IsNonCapturingLambda>::type>
+std::unique_ptr<RefactoringActionRule>
+createRefactoringRule(const Callable &C,
+                      const RequirementTypes &... Requirements) {
+  ResultType (*Func)(typename RequirementTypes::OutputType...) = C;
+  return createRefactoringRule(Func, Requirements...);
+}
+
+} // end namespace refactoring_action_rules
+} // end namespace tooling
+} // end namespace clang
+
+#endif // LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_RULES_H
Index: include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRulesInternal.h
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRulesInternal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+//===--- RefactoringActionRulesInternal.h - Clang refactoring library -----===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_RULES_INTERNAL_H
+#define LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_RULES_INTERNAL_H
+
+#include "clang/Basic/LLVM.h"
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRule.h"
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRuleRequirements.h"
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringRuleContext.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/Error.h"
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace clang {
+namespace tooling {
+namespace refactoring_action_rules {
+namespace internal {
+
+/// A wrapper around a specific refactoring action rule that calls a generic
+/// 'perform' method from the specific refactoring method.
+template <typename T> struct SpecificRefactoringRuleAdapter {};
+
+template <>
+class SpecificRefactoringRuleAdapter<AtomicChanges>
+    : public SourceChangeRefactoringRule {
+public:
+  virtual Expected<Optional<AtomicChanges>>
+  perform(RefactoringRuleContext &Context) = 0;
+
+  Expected<Optional<AtomicChanges>>
+  createSourceReplacements(RefactoringRuleContext &Context) final override {
+    return perform(Context);
+  }
+};
+
+/// A specialized refactoring action rule that calls the stored function once
+/// all the of the requirements are fullfilled. The values produced during the
+/// evaluation of requirements are passed to the stored function.
+template <typename ResultType, typename FunctionType,
+          typename... RequirementTypes>
+class PlainFunctionRule final
+    : public SpecificRefactoringRuleAdapter<ResultType> {
+public:
+  PlainFunctionRule(FunctionType Function,
+                    std::tuple<RequirementTypes...> &&Requirements)
+      : Function(Function), Requirements(std::move(Requirements)) {}
+
+  Expected<Optional<ResultType>>
+  perform(RefactoringRuleContext &Context) override {
+    return performImpl(Context,
+                       llvm::index_sequence_for<RequirementTypes...>());
+  }
+
+private:
+  /// Returns \c T when given \c Expected<Optional<T>>, or \c T otherwise.
+  template <typename T>
+  static T &&unwrapRequirementResult(Expected<Optional<T>> &&X) {
+    assert(X && "unexpected diagnostic!");
+    return std::move(**X);
+  }
+  template <typename T> static T &&unwrapRequirementResult(T &&X) {
+    return std::move(X);
+  }
+
+  /// Scans the tuple and returns a \c PartialDiagnosticAt
+  /// from the first invalid \c DiagnosticOr value. Returns \c None if all
+  /// values are valid.
+  template <typename FirstT, typename... RestT>
+  static Optional<llvm::Error> findErrorNone(FirstT &First, RestT &... Rest) {
+    Optional<llvm::Error> Result = takeErrorNone(First);
+    if (Result)
+      return Result;
+    return findErrorNone(Rest...);
+  }
+
+  static Optional<llvm::Error> findErrorNone() { return None; }
+
+  template <typename T> static Optional<llvm::Error> takeErrorNone(T &) {
+    return None;
+  }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  static Optional<llvm::Error> takeErrorNone(Expected<Optional<T>> &Diag) {
+    if (!Diag)
+      return std::move(Diag.takeError());
+    if (!*Diag)
+      return llvm::Error::success(); // Initiation failed without a diagnostic.
+    return None;
+  }
+
+  template <size_t... Is>
+  Expected<Optional<ResultType>> performImpl(RefactoringRuleContext &Context,
+                                             llvm::index_sequence<Is...>) {
+    // Initiate the operation.
+    auto Values =
+        std::make_tuple(std::get<Is>(Requirements).evaluate(Context)...);
+    Optional<llvm::Error> InitiationFailure =
+        findErrorNone(std::get<Is>(Values)...);
+    if (InitiationFailure) {
+      llvm::Error Error = std::move(*InitiationFailure);
+      if (!Error)
+        return None;
+      return std::move(Error);
+    }
+    // Perform the operation.
+    return Function(
+        unwrapRequirementResult(std::move(std::get<Is>(Values)))...);
+  }
+
+  FunctionType Function;
+  std::tuple<RequirementTypes...> Requirements;
+};
+
+/// Used to deduce the refactoring result type for the lambda that passed into
+/// createRefactoringRule.
+template <typename T> struct LambdaDeducer;
+template <typename T, typename R, typename... Args>
+struct LambdaDeducer<R (T::*)(Args...) const> {
+  using ReturnType = R;
+};
+
+} // end namespace internal
+} // end namespace refactoring_action_rules
+} // end namespace tooling
+} // end namespace clang
+
+#endif // LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_ACTION_RULES_INTERNAL_H
Index: include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringRuleContext.h
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringRuleContext.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+//===--- RefactoringRuleContext.h - Clang refactoring library -------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_RULE_CONTEXT_H
+#define LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_RULE_CONTEXT_H
+
+#include "clang/Basic/SourceManager.h"
+
+namespace clang {
+namespace tooling {
+
+/// The refactoring rule context stores all of the inputs that might be needed
+/// by a refactoring action rule. It can create the specialized
+/// \c ASTRefactoringOperation or \c PreprocessorRefactoringOperation values
+/// that can be used by the refactoring action rules.
+///
+/// The following inputs are stored by the operation:
+///
+///   - SourceManager: a reference to a valid source manager.
+///
+///   - SelectionRange: an optional source selection ranges that can be used
+///     to represent a selection in an editor.
+class RefactoringRuleContext {
+public:
+  RefactoringRuleContext(const SourceManager &SM) : SM(SM) {}
+
+  const SourceManager &getSources() const { return SM; }
+
+  /// Returns the current source selection range as set by the
+  /// refactoring engine. Can be invalid.
+  SourceRange getSelectionRange() const { return SelectionRange; }
+
+  void setSelectionRange(SourceRange R) { SelectionRange = R; }
+
+private:
+  /// The source manager for the translation unit / file on which a refactoring
+  /// action might operate on.
+  const SourceManager &SM;
+  /// An optional source selection range that's commonly used to represent
+  /// a selection in an editor.
+  SourceRange SelectionRange;
+};
+
+} // end namespace tooling
+} // end namespace clang
+
+#endif // LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_REFACTORING_RULE_CONTEXT_H
Index: include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/SourceSelectionConstraints.h
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ include/clang/Tooling/Refactoring/SourceSelectionConstraints.h
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+//===--- SourceSelectionConstraints.h - Clang refactoring library ---------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_SOURCE_SELECTION_CONSTRAINTS_H
+#define LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_SOURCE_SELECTION_CONSTRAINTS_H
+
+#include "clang/Basic/LLVM.h"
+#include "clang/Basic/SourceLocation.h"
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace clang {
+namespace tooling {
+
+class RefactoringRuleContext;
+
+namespace selection {
+
+/// This constraint is satisfied when any portion of the source text is
+/// selected. It can be used to obtain the raw source selection range.
+struct SourceSelectionRange {
+  SourceSelectionRange(const SourceManager &SM, SourceRange Range)
+      : SM(SM), Range(Range) {}
+
+  const SourceManager &getSources() const { return SM; }
+  SourceRange getRange() const { return Range; }
+
+  static Optional<SourceSelectionRange>
+  evaluate(RefactoringRuleContext &Context);
+
+private:
+  const SourceManager &SM;
+  SourceRange Range;
+};
+
+/// A custom selection requirement.
+class Requirement {
+  /// Subclasses must implement 'T evaluateSelection(SelectionConstraint) const'
+  /// member function. \c T is used to determine the return type that is
+  /// passed to the refactoring rule's function.
+  /// If T is \c DiagnosticOr<S> , then \c S is passed to the rule's function
+  /// using move semantics.
+  /// Otherwise, T is passed to the function directly using move semantics.
+  ///
+  /// The different return type rules allow refactoring actions to fail
+  /// initiation when the relevant portions of AST aren't selected.
+};
+
+namespace traits {
+
+/// A type trait that returns true iff the given type is a valid selection
+/// constraint.
+template <typename T> struct IsConstraint : public std::false_type {};
+
+} // end namespace traits
+
+namespace internal {
+
+template <typename T> struct EvaluateSelectionChecker : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T, typename R, typename A>
+struct EvaluateSelectionChecker<R (T::*)(A) const> : std::true_type {
+  using ReturnType = R;
+  using ArgType = A;
+};
+
+template <typename T> class Identity : public Requirement {
+public:
+  T evaluateSelection(T Value) const { return std::move(Value); }
+};
+
+} // end namespace internal
+
+/// A identity function that returns the given selection constraint is provided
+/// for convenience, as it can be passed to \c requiredSelection directly.
+template <typename T> internal::Identity<T> identity() {
+  static_assert(
+      traits::IsConstraint<T>::value,
+      "selection::identity can be used with selection constraints only");
+  return internal::Identity<T>();
+}
+
+namespace traits {
+
+template <>
+struct IsConstraint<SourceSelectionRange> : public std::true_type {};
+
+/// A type trait that returns true iff \c T is a valid selection requirement.
+template <typename T>
+struct IsRequirement
+    : std::conditional<
+          std::is_base_of<Requirement, T>::value &&
+              internal::EvaluateSelectionChecker<decltype(
+                  &T::evaluateSelection)>::value &&
+              IsConstraint<typename internal::EvaluateSelectionChecker<decltype(
+                  &T::evaluateSelection)>::ArgType>::value,
+          std::true_type, std::false_type>::type {};
+
+} // end namespace traits
+} // end namespace selection
+} // end namespace tooling
+} // end namespace clang
+
+#endif // LLVM_CLANG_TOOLING_REFACTOR_SOURCE_SELECTION_CONSTRAINTS_H
Index: lib/Tooling/Refactoring/CMakeLists.txt
===================================================================
--- lib/Tooling/Refactoring/CMakeLists.txt
+++ lib/Tooling/Refactoring/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
   Rename/USRFinder.cpp
   Rename/USRFindingAction.cpp
   Rename/USRLocFinder.cpp
+  SourceSelectionConstraints.cpp
 
   LINK_LIBS
   clangAST
Index: lib/Tooling/Refactoring/SourceSelectionConstraints.cpp
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ lib/Tooling/Refactoring/SourceSelectionConstraints.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//===--- SourceSelectionConstraints.cpp - Evaluate selection constraints --===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring/SourceSelectionConstraints.h"
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringRuleContext.h"
+
+using namespace clang;
+using namespace tooling;
+using namespace selection;
+
+Optional<SourceSelectionRange>
+SourceSelectionRange::evaluate(RefactoringRuleContext &Context) {
+  SourceRange R = Context.getSelectionRange();
+  if (R.isInvalid())
+    return None;
+  return SourceSelectionRange(Context.getSources(), R);
+}
Index: unittests/Tooling/CMakeLists.txt
===================================================================
--- unittests/Tooling/CMakeLists.txt
+++ unittests/Tooling/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
   RecursiveASTVisitorTestDeclVisitor.cpp
   RecursiveASTVisitorTestExprVisitor.cpp
   RecursiveASTVisitorTestTypeLocVisitor.cpp
+  RefactoringActionRulesTest.cpp
   RefactoringCallbacksTest.cpp
   RefactoringTest.cpp
   ReplacementsYamlTest.cpp
Index: unittests/Tooling/RefactoringActionRulesTest.cpp
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ unittests/Tooling/RefactoringActionRulesTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+//===- unittest/Tooling/RefactoringTestActionRulesTest.cpp ----------------===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "ReplacementTest.h"
+#include "RewriterTestContext.h"
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring.h"
+#include "clang/Tooling/Refactoring/RefactoringActionRules.h"
+#include "clang/Tooling/Tooling.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/Errc.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+using namespace clang;
+using namespace tooling;
+using namespace refactoring_action_rules;
+
+namespace {
+
+class RefactoringActionRulesTest : public ::testing::Test {
+protected:
+  void SetUp() override {
+    Context.Sources.setMainFileID(
+        Context.createInMemoryFile("input.cpp", DefaultCode));
+  }
+
+  RewriterTestContext Context;
+  std::string DefaultCode = std::string(100, 'a');
+};
+
+Expected<Optional<AtomicChanges>>
+createReplacements(const std::unique_ptr<RefactoringActionRule> &Rule,
+                   RefactoringRuleContext &Context) {
+  return cast<SourceChangeRefactoringRule>(*Rule).createSourceReplacements(
+      Context);
+}
+
+TEST_F(RefactoringActionRulesTest, MyFirstRefactoringRule) {
+  auto ReplaceAWithB =
+      [](std::pair<selection::SourceSelectionRange, int> Selection)
+      -> Expected<AtomicChanges> {
+    const SourceManager &SM = Selection.first.getSources();
+    SourceLocation Loc = Selection.first.getRange().getBegin().getLocWithOffset(
+        Selection.second);
+    AtomicChange Change(SM, Loc);
+    llvm::Error E = Change.replace(SM, Loc, 1, "b");
+    if (E)
+      return std::move(E);
+    return AtomicChanges{Change};
+  };
+  class SelectionRequirement : public selection::Requirement {
+  public:
+    std::pair<selection::SourceSelectionRange, int>
+    evaluateSelection(selection::SourceSelectionRange Selection) const {
+      return std::make_pair(Selection, 20);
+    }
+  };
+  auto Rule = createRefactoringRule(ReplaceAWithB,
+                                    requiredSelection(SelectionRequirement()));
+
+  // When the requirements are satisifed, the rule's function must be invoked.
+  {
+    RefactoringRuleContext Operation(Context.Sources);
+    SourceLocation Cursor =
+        Context.Sources.getLocForStartOfFile(Context.Sources.getMainFileID())
+            .getLocWithOffset(10);
+    Operation.setSelectionRange({Cursor, Cursor});
+
+    Expected<Optional<AtomicChanges>> ErrorOrResult =
+        createReplacements(Rule, Operation);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(!ErrorOrResult);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(!*ErrorOrResult);
+    AtomicChanges Result = std::move(**ErrorOrResult);
+    ASSERT_EQ(Result.size(), 1u);
+    std::string YAMLString =
+        const_cast<AtomicChange &>(Result[0]).toYAMLString();
+
+    ASSERT_STREQ("---\n"
+                 "Key:             'input.cpp:30'\n"
+                 "FilePath:        input.cpp\n"
+                 "Error:           ''\n"
+                 "InsertedHeaders: \n"
+                 "RemovedHeaders:  \n"
+                 "Replacements:    \n" // Extra whitespace here!
+                 "  - FilePath:        input.cpp\n"
+                 "    Offset:          30\n"
+                 "    Length:          1\n"
+                 "    ReplacementText: b\n"
+                 "...\n",
+                 YAMLString.c_str());
+  }
+
+  // When one of the requirements is not satisfied, perform should return either
+  // None or a valid diagnostic.
+  {
+    RefactoringRuleContext Operation(Context.Sources);
+    Expected<Optional<AtomicChanges>> ErrorOrResult =
+        createReplacements(Rule, Operation);
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(!ErrorOrResult);
+    Optional<AtomicChanges> Value = std::move(*ErrorOrResult);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(!Value);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_F(RefactoringActionRulesTest, ReturnError) {
+  Expected<AtomicChanges> (*Func)(selection::SourceSelectionRange) =
+      [](selection::SourceSelectionRange) -> Expected<AtomicChanges> {
+    return llvm::make_error<llvm::StringError>(
+        "Error", std::make_error_code(std::errc::bad_message));
+  };
+  auto Rule = createRefactoringRule(
+      Func, requiredSelection(
+                selection::identity<selection::SourceSelectionRange>()));
+
+  RefactoringRuleContext Operation(Context.Sources);
+  SourceLocation Cursor =
+      Context.Sources.getLocForStartOfFile(Context.Sources.getMainFileID());
+  Operation.setSelectionRange({Cursor, Cursor});
+  Expected<Optional<AtomicChanges>> Result =
+      createReplacements(Rule, Operation);
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(!Result);
+  std::string Message;
+  llvm::handleAllErrors(Result.takeError(), [&](llvm::StringError &Error) {
+    Message = Error.getMessage();
+  });
+  EXPECT_EQ(Message, "Error");
+}
+
+TEST_F(RefactoringActionRulesTest, ReturnInitiationDiagnostic) {
+  RefactoringRuleContext Operation(Context.Sources);
+  class SelectionRequirement : public selection::Requirement {
+  public:
+    Expected<Optional<int>>
+    evaluateSelection(selection::SourceSelectionRange Selection) const {
+      return llvm::make_error<llvm::StringError>(
+          "bad selection", std::make_error_code(std::errc::bad_message));
+    }
+  };
+  auto Rule = createRefactoringRule(
+      [](int) -> Expected<AtomicChanges> {
+        llvm::report_fatal_error("Should not run!");
+      },
+      requiredSelection(SelectionRequirement()));
+
+  SourceLocation Cursor =
+      Context.Sources.getLocForStartOfFile(Context.Sources.getMainFileID());
+  Operation.setSelectionRange({Cursor, Cursor});
+  Expected<Optional<AtomicChanges>> Result =
+      createReplacements(Rule, Operation);
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(!Result);
+  std::string Message;
+  llvm::handleAllErrors(Result.takeError(), [&](llvm::StringError &Error) {
+    Message = Error.getMessage();
+  });
+  EXPECT_EQ(Message, "bad selection");
+}
+
+} // end anonymous namespace