diff --git a/mlir/lib/Transforms/Inliner.cpp b/mlir/lib/Transforms/Inliner.cpp
--- a/mlir/lib/Transforms/Inliner.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/Transforms/Inliner.cpp
@@ -451,8 +451,23 @@
 
   // Don't allow inlining if the target is an ancestor of the call. This
   // prevents inlining recursively.
-  if (resolvedCall.targetNode->getCallableRegion()->isAncestor(
-          resolvedCall.call->getParentRegion()))
+  Region *targetRegion = resolvedCall.targetNode->getCallableRegion();
+  if (targetRegion->isAncestor(resolvedCall.call->getParentRegion()))
+    return false;
+
+  // Don't allow inlining if the source has multiple blocks (unstructured
+  // control flow) but we cannot be sure that the target supports that.
+  bool sourceHasMultipleBlocks = llvm::hasNItemsOrMore(*targetRegion, /*N=*/2);
+  // If both parent ops have the same type, it is safe to inline. Otherwise,
+  // decide based on whether the op has the SingleBlock trait or not.
+  // Note: This check does currently not account for SizedRegion/MaxSizedRegion.
+  auto targetSupportsMultipleBlocks = [&]() {
+    return targetRegion->getParentOp()->getName() ==
+               resolvedCall.call->getParentOp()->getName() ||
+           !resolvedCall.call->getParentOp()
+                ->mightHaveTrait<OpTrait::SingleBlock>();
+  };
+  if (sourceHasMultipleBlocks && !targetSupportsMultipleBlocks())
     return false;
 
   // Otherwise, inline.
diff --git a/mlir/test/Transforms/inlining.mlir b/mlir/test/Transforms/inlining.mlir
--- a/mlir/test/Transforms/inlining.mlir
+++ b/mlir/test/Transforms/inlining.mlir
@@ -227,6 +227,18 @@
   return
 }
 
+// CHECK-LABEL: func @func_with_block_args_location_callee3
+func.func @func_with_block_args_location_callee3(%arg0 : i32) {
+  "test.dummy_op"() ({
+    // Call cannot be inlined because "test.dummy" may not support unstructured
+    // control flow in its body.
+    // CHECK: call @func_with_block_args_location
+    call @func_with_block_args_location(%arg0) : (i32) -> ()
+    "test.terminator"() : () -> ()
+  }) : () -> ()
+  return
+}
+
 // Check that we can handle argument and result attributes.
 test.conversion_func_op @handle_attr_callee_fn_multi_arg(%arg0 : i16, %arg1 : i16 {"test.handle_argument"}) -> (i16 {"test.handle_result"}, i16) {
   %0 = arith.addi %arg0, %arg1 : i16