diff --git a/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst b/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
--- a/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
+++ b/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
@@ -187,6 +187,8 @@
 - Fix crash in __builtin_strncmp and related builtins when the size value
   exceeded the maximum value representable by int64_t. Fixes
   (`#64876 <https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/64876>`_)
+- Fixed an assertion if a function has cleanups and fatal erors.
+  (`#48974 <https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/48974>`_)
 
 Bug Fixes to Compiler Builtins
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
diff --git a/clang/lib/Sema/SemaDecl.cpp b/clang/lib/Sema/SemaDecl.cpp
--- a/clang/lib/Sema/SemaDecl.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Sema/SemaDecl.cpp
@@ -16013,6 +16013,7 @@
       // been leftover. This ensures that these temporaries won't be picked up
       // for deletion in some later function.
       if (hasUncompilableErrorOccurred() ||
+          hasAnyUnrecoverableErrorsInThisFunction() ||
           getDiagnostics().getSuppressAllDiagnostics()) {
         DiscardCleanupsInEvaluationContext();
       }
diff --git a/clang/test/SemaCXX/gh48974.cpp b/clang/test/SemaCXX/gh48974.cpp
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/clang/test/SemaCXX/gh48974.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -Werror=unused-parameter -Wfatal-errors -verify %s
+
+void a(int &&s) {} // expected-error{{unused parameter 's'}}
+
+void b() {
+  int sum = a(0);
+}