diff --git a/clang-tools-extra/include-cleaner/lib/WalkAST.cpp b/clang-tools-extra/include-cleaner/lib/WalkAST.cpp
--- a/clang-tools-extra/include-cleaner/lib/WalkAST.cpp
+++ b/clang-tools-extra/include-cleaner/lib/WalkAST.cpp
@@ -126,13 +126,22 @@
   }
 
   bool VisitDeclRefExpr(DeclRefExpr *DRE) {
-    // Static class members are handled here, as they don't produce MemberExprs.
-    if (DRE->getFoundDecl()->isCXXClassMember()) {
-      if (auto *Qual = DRE->getQualifier())
-        report(DRE->getLocation(), Qual->getAsRecordDecl(), RefType::Implicit);
-    } else {
-      report(DRE->getLocation(), DRE->getFoundDecl());
+    auto *FD = DRE->getFoundDecl();
+    // For refs to non-meber-like decls, use the found decl.
+    // For member-like decls, we should have a reference from the qualifier to
+    // the container decl instead, which is preferred as it'll handle
+    // aliases/exports properly.
+    if (!FD->isCXXClassMember() && !llvm::isa<EnumConstantDecl>(FD)) {
+      report(DRE->getLocation(), FD);
+      return true;
     }
+    // If the ref is without a qualifier, and is a member, ignore it. As it is
+    // available in current context due to some other construct (e.g. base
+    // specifiers, using decls) that has to spell the name explicitly.
+    // If it's an enum constant, it must be due to prior decl. Report references
+    // to it instead.
+    if (llvm::isa<EnumConstantDecl>(FD) && !DRE->hasQualifier())
+      report(DRE->getLocation(), FD);
     return true;
   }
 
diff --git a/clang-tools-extra/include-cleaner/unittests/WalkASTTest.cpp b/clang-tools-extra/include-cleaner/unittests/WalkASTTest.cpp
--- a/clang-tools-extra/include-cleaner/unittests/WalkASTTest.cpp
+++ b/clang-tools-extra/include-cleaner/unittests/WalkASTTest.cpp
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
   Inputs.ExtraFiles["target.h"] = Target.code().str();
   Inputs.ExtraArgs.push_back("-include");
   Inputs.ExtraArgs.push_back("target.h");
-  Inputs.ExtraArgs.push_back("-std=c++17");
+  Inputs.ExtraArgs.push_back("-std=c++20");
   TestAST AST(Inputs);
   const auto &SM = AST.sourceManager();
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
   testWalk("int $explicit^x;", "int y = ^x;");
   testWalk("int $explicit^foo();", "int y = ^foo();");
   testWalk("namespace ns { int $explicit^x; }", "int y = ns::^x;");
-  testWalk("struct $implicit^S { static int x; };", "int y = S::^x;");
+  testWalk("struct S { static int x; };", "int y = S::^x;");
   // Canonical declaration only.
   testWalk("extern int $explicit^x; int x;", "int y = ^x;");
   // Return type of `foo` isn't used.
@@ -309,6 +309,14 @@
     namespace ns { using ::$explicit^Foo; }
     template<> struct ns::Foo<int> {};)cpp",
            "ns::^Foo<int> x;");
+  testWalk(R"cpp(
+    namespace ns { enum class foo { bar }; }
+    using ns::foo;)cpp",
+           "auto x = foo::^bar;");
+  testWalk(R"cpp(
+    namespace ns { enum foo { bar }; }
+    using ns::foo::$explicit^bar;)cpp",
+           "auto x = ^bar;");
 }
 
 TEST(WalkAST, Using) {
@@ -338,6 +346,8 @@
     }
     using ns::$explicit^Y;)cpp",
            "^Y<int> x;");
+  testWalk("namespace ns { enum E {A}; } using enum ns::$explicit^E;",
+           "auto x = ^A;");
 }
 
 TEST(WalkAST, Namespaces) {
@@ -399,10 +409,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST(WalkAST, MemberExprs) {
-  testWalk("struct $implicit^S { static int f; };", "void foo() { S::^f; }");
-  testWalk("struct B { static int f; }; struct $implicit^S : B {};",
+  testWalk("struct S { static int f; };", "void foo() { S::^f; }");
+  testWalk("struct B { static int f; }; struct S : B {};",
            "void foo() { S::^f; }");
-  testWalk("struct B { static void f(); }; struct $implicit^S : B {};",
+  testWalk("struct B { static void f(); }; struct S : B {};",
            "void foo() { S::^f; }");
   testWalk("struct B { static void f(); }; ",
            "struct S : B { void foo() { ^f(); } };");