diff --git a/mlir/lib/Dialect/Transform/IR/TransformInterfaces.cpp b/mlir/lib/Dialect/Transform/IR/TransformInterfaces.cpp
--- a/mlir/lib/Dialect/Transform/IR/TransformInterfaces.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/Dialect/Transform/IR/TransformInterfaces.cpp
@@ -443,6 +443,9 @@
       llvm::interleaveComma(potentialAncestors, DBGS() << "--ancestors: ",
                             [](Operation *op) { llvm::dbgs() << *op; });
       llvm::dbgs() << "\n");
+
+  Operation *owner = consumingHandle.getOwner();
+  unsigned operandNo = consumingHandle.getOperandNumber();
   for (Operation *ancestor : potentialAncestors) {
     // clang-format off
     DEBUG_WITH_TYPE(DEBUG_TYPE_FULL, 
@@ -462,8 +465,6 @@
     // deleted before the lambda gets called.
     Location ancestorLoc = ancestor->getLoc();
     Location opLoc = payloadOp->getLoc();
-    Operation *owner = consumingHandle.getOwner();
-    unsigned operandNo = consumingHandle.getOperandNumber();
     std::optional<Location> throughValueLoc =
         throughValue ? std::make_optional(throughValue.getLoc()) : std::nullopt;
     invalidatedHandles[otherHandle] = [ancestorLoc, opLoc, owner, operandNo,
@@ -551,6 +552,27 @@
 void transform::TransformState::recordOpHandleInvalidation(
     OpOperand &handle, ArrayRef<Operation *> potentialAncestors,
     Value throughValue) {
+
+  if (potentialAncestors.empty()) {
+    DEBUG_WITH_TYPE(DEBUG_TYPE_FULL, {
+      (DBGS() << "----recording invalidation for empty handle: " << handle.get()
+              << "\n");
+    });
+
+    Operation *owner = handle.getOwner();
+    unsigned operandNo = handle.getOperandNumber();
+    invalidatedHandles[handle.get()] = [owner, operandNo](Location currentLoc) {
+      InFlightDiagnostic diag = emitError(currentLoc)
+                                << "op uses a handle associated with empty "
+                                   "payload and invalidated by a "
+                                   "previously executed transform op";
+      diag.attachNote(owner->getLoc())
+          << "invalidated by this transform op that consumes its operand #"
+          << operandNo;
+    };
+    return;
+  }
+
   // Iterate over the mapping and invalidate aliasing handles. This is quite
   // expensive and only necessary for error reporting in case of transform
   // dialect misuse with dangling handles. Iteration over the handles is based
diff --git a/mlir/test/Dialect/Transform/expensive-checks.mlir b/mlir/test/Dialect/Transform/expensive-checks.mlir
--- a/mlir/test/Dialect/Transform/expensive-checks.mlir
+++ b/mlir/test/Dialect/Transform/expensive-checks.mlir
@@ -331,3 +331,14 @@
   test_consume_operand %3 : !transform.any_value
   test_consume_operand %2 : !transform.any_op
 }
+
+// -----
+
+transform.sequence failures(propagate) {
+^bb0(%arg0: !transform.any_op):
+  %0 = transform.test_produce_empty_payload : !transform.any_op
+  // expected-note @below {{invalidated by this transform op that consumes its operand #0}}
+  transform.test_consume_operand %0 : !transform.any_op
+  // expected-error @below {{uses a handle associated with empty payload and invalidated by a previously executed transform op}}
+  transform.test_print_remark_at_operand %0, "remark" : !transform.any_op
+}
diff --git a/mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Transform/TestTransformDialectExtension.cpp b/mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Transform/TestTransformDialectExtension.cpp
--- a/mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Transform/TestTransformDialectExtension.cpp
+++ b/mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Transform/TestTransformDialectExtension.cpp
@@ -627,6 +627,12 @@
   return DiagnosedSilenceableFailure::success();
 }
 
+DiagnosedSilenceableFailure mlir::test::TestProduceEmptyPayloadOp::apply(
+    transform::TransformResults &results, transform::TransformState &state) {
+  results.set(cast<OpResult>(getOut()), {});
+  return DiagnosedSilenceableFailure::success();
+}
+
 void mlir::test::TestProduceNullParamOp::getEffects(
     SmallVectorImpl<MemoryEffects::EffectInstance> &effects) {
   transform::producesHandle(getOut(), effects);
diff --git a/mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Transform/TestTransformDialectExtension.td b/mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Transform/TestTransformDialectExtension.td
--- a/mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Transform/TestTransformDialectExtension.td
+++ b/mlir/test/lib/Dialect/Transform/TestTransformDialectExtension.td
@@ -427,6 +427,15 @@
   let cppNamespace = "::mlir::test";
 }
 
+def TestProduceEmptyPayloadOp
+  : Op<Transform_Dialect, "test_produce_empty_payload",
+      [DeclareOpInterfaceMethods<TransformOpInterface>,
+       MemoryEffectsOpInterface, FunctionalStyleTransformOpTrait]> {
+  let results = (outs TransformHandleTypeInterface:$out);
+  let assemblyFormat = "attr-dict `:` type($out)";
+  let cppNamespace = "::mlir::test";
+}
+
 def TestProduceNullParamOp
   : Op<Transform_Dialect, "test_produce_null_param",
       [DeclareOpInterfaceMethods<MemoryEffectsOpInterface>,