diff --git a/flang/lib/Evaluate/intrinsics.cpp b/flang/lib/Evaluate/intrinsics.cpp
--- a/flang/lib/Evaluate/intrinsics.cpp
+++ b/flang/lib/Evaluate/intrinsics.cpp
@@ -2570,6 +2570,19 @@
       } else if (!arguments[2] && fptrRank > 0) {
         context.messages().Say(
             "SHAPE= argument to C_F_POINTER() must appear when FPTR= is an array"_err_en_US);
+      } else if (arguments[2]) {
+        if (const auto *expr{arguments[2].value().UnwrapExpr()}) {
+          if (expr->Rank() == 1) {
+            if (auto shapeShape{GetShape(context, *arguments[2])}) {
+              if (auto constShape{AsConstantShape(context, *shapeShape)}) {
+                if (constShape->At(ConstantSubscripts{1}).ToInt64() != fptrRank) {
+                  context.messages().Say(arguments[2]->sourceLocation(),
+                      "SHAPE= argument to C_F_POINTER() must have the same rank as FPTR="_err_en_US);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/flang/test/Semantics/c_f_pointer.f90 b/flang/test/Semantics/c_f_pointer.f90
--- a/flang/test/Semantics/c_f_pointer.f90
+++ b/flang/test/Semantics/c_f_pointer.f90
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     integer, pointer :: p
   end type
   type(with_pointer) :: coindexed[*]
-  integer, pointer :: scalarIntF, arrayIntF(:)
+  integer, pointer :: scalarIntF, arrayIntF(:), multiDimIntF(:,:)
   character(len=:), pointer :: charDeferredF
   integer :: j
   call c_f_pointer(scalarC, scalarIntF) ! ok
@@ -31,4 +31,6 @@
   call c_f_pointer(scalarC, coindexed[0]%p)
   !ERROR: FPTR= argument to C_F_POINTER() must have a type
   call c_f_pointer(scalarC, null())
+  !ERROR: SHAPE= argument to C_F_POINTER() must have the same rank as FPTR=
+  call c_f_pointer(scalarC, multiDimIntF, shape=[1_8])
 end program