diff --git a/lldb/source/Plugins/Process/Windows/Common/ProcessWindows.cpp b/lldb/source/Plugins/Process/Windows/Common/ProcessWindows.cpp
--- a/lldb/source/Plugins/Process/Windows/Common/ProcessWindows.cpp
+++ b/lldb/source/Plugins/Process/Windows/Common/ProcessWindows.cpp
@@ -653,28 +653,26 @@
   LLDB_LOG(log, "Debugger connected to process {0}.  Image base = {1:x}",
            debugger->GetProcess().GetProcessId(), image_base);
 
-  ModuleSP module = GetTarget().GetExecutableModule();
-  if (!module) {
-    // During attach, we won't have the executable module, so find it now.
-    const DWORD pid = debugger->GetProcess().GetProcessId();
-    const std::string file_name = GetProcessExecutableName(pid);
-    if (file_name.empty()) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    FileSpec executable_file(file_name);
-    FileSystem::Instance().Resolve(executable_file);
-    ModuleSpec module_spec(executable_file);
-    Status error;
-    module =
-        GetTarget().GetOrCreateModule(module_spec, true /* notify */, &error);
-    if (!module) {
-      return;
-    }
+  ModuleSP module;
+  // During attach, we won't have the executable module, so find it now.
+  const DWORD pid = debugger->GetProcess().GetProcessId();
+  const std::string file_name = GetProcessExecutableName(pid);
+  if (file_name.empty()) {
+    return;
+  }
 
-    GetTarget().SetExecutableModule(module, eLoadDependentsNo);
+  FileSpec executable_file(file_name);
+  FileSystem::Instance().Resolve(executable_file);
+  ModuleSpec module_spec(executable_file);
+  Status error;
+  module =
+      GetTarget().GetOrCreateModule(module_spec, true /* notify */, &error);
+  if (!module) {
+    return;
   }
 
+  GetTarget().SetExecutableModule(module, eLoadDependentsNo);
+
   if (auto dyld = GetDynamicLoader())
     dyld->OnLoadModule(module, ModuleSpec(), image_base);
 
diff --git a/lldb/test/Shell/Target/Inputs/main.c b/lldb/test/Shell/Target/Inputs/main.c
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lldb/test/Shell/Target/Inputs/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+__declspec(dllimport) void exportFunc(void);
+int main() { exportFunc(); }
diff --git a/lldb/test/Shell/Target/Inputs/shlib.c b/lldb/test/Shell/Target/Inputs/shlib.c
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lldb/test/Shell/Target/Inputs/shlib.c
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+__declspec(dllexport) void exportFunc(void) {}
diff --git a/lldb/test/Shell/Target/dependent-modules-nodupe-windows.test b/lldb/test/Shell/Target/dependent-modules-nodupe-windows.test
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lldb/test/Shell/Target/dependent-modules-nodupe-windows.test
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# REQUIRES: system-windows
+
+# Checks that dependent modules preloaded by LLDB are not duplicated when the
+# process actually loads the DLL.
+
+# RUN: %clang_host -g0 -O0 -shared %S/Inputs/shlib.c -o %t.shlib.dll \
+# RUN:             %if windows-msvc %{-Wl,-implib:%t.shlib.lib%} \
+# RUN:             %else %{-Wl,--out-implib=%t.shlib.lib%}
+# RUN: %clang_host -g0 -O0 %S/Inputs/main.c %t.shlib.lib -o %t.main.exe
+# RUN: %lldb -b -o "#before" -o "target modules list" -o "b main" -o run \
+# RUN:       -o "#after" -o "target modules list" %t.main.exe | FileCheck %s
+
+# CHECK-LABEL: #before
+# CHECK-NEXT: target modules list
+# CHECK-NEXT: .main.exe
+# CHECK-NEXT: .shlib.dll
+
+# CHECK-LABEL: #after
+# CHECK-NEXT: target modules list
+# CHECK-NEXT: .main.exe
+# CHECK-NEXT: ntdll.dll
+# CHECK-NEXT: kernel32.dll
+# CHECK:      .shlib.dll
+# CHECK-NOT:  .shlib.dll