diff --git a/bolt/lib/Core/Exceptions.cpp b/bolt/lib/Core/Exceptions.cpp
--- a/bolt/lib/Core/Exceptions.cpp
+++ b/bolt/lib/Core/Exceptions.cpp
@@ -180,19 +180,36 @@
     BinaryFunction *Fragment = BC.getBinaryFunctionContainingAddress(LPAddress);
 
     // Verify if landing pad code is located outside current function
-    // Support landing pad to builtin_unreachable
+    // Skip case where landing pad targets builtin_unreachable
     if (LPAddress < Address || LPAddress > Address + getSize()) {
+      // Assume landing pad not target another fragment's builtin_unreachable
+      // If this assumption is violated, must run a global check first
       assert(Fragment != nullptr &&
              "BOLT-ERROR: cannot find landing pad fragment");
+
+      // Update IsFragment:
+      // In stripped mode, always trust LSDA, consider the function that
+      // contains LP as a fragment
+      // In non-stripped mode, use pattern matching (adjustFunctionBoundaries)
+      if (BC.IsStripped)
+        Fragment->IsFragment = true;
+
+      // Update parent-fragment relation, add Fragment as secondary entry of
+      // the current function, not an independent function
       BC.addInterproceduralReference(this, Fragment->getAddress());
       BC.processInterproceduralReferences();
-      auto isFragmentOf = [](BinaryFunction *Fragment,
-                             BinaryFunction *Parent) -> bool {
-        return (Fragment->isFragment() && Fragment->isParentFragment(Parent));
-      };
-      assert((isFragmentOf(this, Fragment) || isFragmentOf(Fragment, this)) &&
-             "BOLT-ERROR: cannot have landing pads in different "
-             "functions");
+
+      // In stripped mode, parent-fragment is always established --> skip check
+      // In non-stripped mode, parent-fragment depends on symbol name --> check
+      if (!BC.IsStripped) {
+        auto isFragmentOf = [](BinaryFunction *Fragment,
+                               BinaryFunction *Parent) -> bool {
+          return (Fragment->isFragment() && Fragment->isParentFragment(Parent));
+        };
+        assert((isFragmentOf(this, Fragment) || isFragmentOf(Fragment, this)) &&
+               "BOLT-ERROR: cannot have landing pads in different functions");
+      }
+      // Mark that this fragment reaches LP in another fragment of same function
       setHasIndirectTargetToSplitFragment(true);
       BC.addFragmentsToSkip(this);
     }
diff --git a/bolt/test/X86/split-landing-pad.s b/bolt/test/X86/split-landing-pad.s
--- a/bolt/test/X86/split-landing-pad.s
+++ b/bolt/test/X86/split-landing-pad.s
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 # This test is written to ensure BOLT safely handle these targets, e.g., by
 # marking them as non-simple.
 #
+# This test is for both stripped and non-stripped binaries
+#
 # Steps to write this test:
 # - Create a copy of Inputs/src/unreachable.cpp
 # - Simplify bar(), focus on throw an exception
@@ -27,6 +29,10 @@
 # RUN: %clang++ %cxxflags %t.o -o %t.exe -Wl,-q
 # RUN: llvm-bolt -v=3 %t.exe -o %t.out -print-exceptions 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
 
+# RUN: cp %t.exe %t.tmp.exe
+# RUN: llvm-strip -s %t.tmp.exe
+# RUN: llvm-bolt -v=3 %t.tmp.exe -o %t.out -print-exceptions 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+
 # CHECK: BOLT-INFO: marking [[FOO_COLD:.+]] as a fragment of [[FOO:.+]]
 # CHECK: landing pad label: [[TMP2:.+]]
 # CHECK: landing pad label: [[TMP5:.+]]