diff --git a/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/DiagnosticsTests.cpp b/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/DiagnosticsTests.cpp
--- a/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/DiagnosticsTests.cpp
+++ b/clang-tools-extra/clangd/unittests/DiagnosticsTests.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "index/MemIndex.h"
 #include "support/Context.h"
 #include "support/Path.h"
+#include "clang/AST/Attr.h"
 #include "clang/Basic/Diagnostic.h"
 #include "clang/Basic/DiagnosticSema.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/ScopedPrinter.h"
@@ -745,6 +746,40 @@
   EXPECT_THAT(TU.build().getLocalTopLevelDecls(), SizeIs(1));
 }
 
+TEST(DiagnosticsTest, PreambleWithPragmaAssumeNonnull) {
+  auto TU = TestTU::withCode(R"cpp(
+#pragma clang assume_nonnull begin
+void foo(int *x);
+#pragma clang assume_nonnull end
+)cpp");
+  auto AST = TU.build();
+  EXPECT_THAT(*AST.getDiagnostics(), IsEmpty());
+  const auto *X = cast<FunctionDecl>(findDecl(AST, "foo")).getParamDecl(0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(X->getOriginalType()->getNullability(X->getASTContext()) ==
+      NullabilityKind::NonNull);
+}
+
+TEST(DiagnosticsTest, PreambleHeaderWithBadPragmaAssumeNonnull) {
+  Annotations Header(R"cpp(
+#pragma clang assume_nonnull begin  // error-ok
+void foo(int *X);
+)cpp");
+  auto TU = TestTU::withCode(R"cpp(
+#include "foo.h"  // unterminated assume_nonnull should not affect bar.
+void bar(int *Y);
+)cpp");
+  TU.AdditionalFiles = {{"foo.h", std::string(Header.code())}};
+  auto AST = TU.build();
+  EXPECT_THAT(*AST.getDiagnostics(),
+              ElementsAre(diagName("pp_eof_in_assume_nonnull")));
+  const auto *X = cast<FunctionDecl>(findDecl(AST, "foo")).getParamDecl(0);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(X->getOriginalType()->getNullability(X->getASTContext()) ==
+      NullabilityKind::NonNull);
+  const auto *Y = cast<FunctionDecl>(findDecl(AST, "bar")).getParamDecl(0);
+  ASSERT_FALSE(
+      Y->getOriginalType()->getNullability(X->getASTContext()).hasValue());
+}
+
 TEST(DiagnosticsTest, InsideMacros) {
   Annotations Test(R"cpp(
     #define TEN 10
diff --git a/clang/include/clang/Lex/Preprocessor.h b/clang/include/clang/Lex/Preprocessor.h
--- a/clang/include/clang/Lex/Preprocessor.h
+++ b/clang/include/clang/Lex/Preprocessor.h
@@ -409,6 +409,14 @@
   /// \#pragma clang assume_nonnull begin.
   SourceLocation PragmaAssumeNonNullLoc;
 
+  /// Set only for preambles which end with an active
+  /// \#pragma clang assume_nonnull begin.
+  ///
+  /// When the preamble is loaded into the main file,
+  /// `PragmaAssumeNonNullLoc` will be set to this to
+  /// replay the unterminated assume_nonnull.
+  SourceLocation PreambleRecordedPragmaAssumeNonNullLoc;
+
   /// True if we hit the code-completion point.
   bool CodeCompletionReached = false;
 
@@ -1762,6 +1770,21 @@
     PragmaAssumeNonNullLoc = Loc;
   }
 
+  /// Get the location of the recorded unterminated \#pragma clang
+  /// assume_nonnull begin in the preamble, if one exists.
+  ///
+  /// Returns an invalid location if the premable did not end with
+  /// such a pragma active or if there is no recorded preamble.
+  SourceLocation getPreambleRecordedPragmaAssumeNonNullLoc() const {
+    return PreambleRecordedPragmaAssumeNonNullLoc;
+  }
+
+  /// Record the location of the unterminated \#pragma clang
+  /// assume_nonnull begin in the preamble.
+  void setPreambleRecordedPragmaAssumeNonNullLoc(SourceLocation Loc) {
+    PreambleRecordedPragmaAssumeNonNullLoc = Loc;
+  }
+
   /// Set the directory in which the main file should be considered
   /// to have been found, if it is not a real file.
   void setMainFileDir(const DirectoryEntry *Dir) {
diff --git a/clang/include/clang/Lex/PreprocessorOptions.h b/clang/include/clang/Lex/PreprocessorOptions.h
--- a/clang/include/clang/Lex/PreprocessorOptions.h
+++ b/clang/include/clang/Lex/PreprocessorOptions.h
@@ -128,7 +128,8 @@
   ///
   /// When the lexer is done, one of the things that need to be preserved is the
   /// conditional #if stack, so the ASTWriter/ASTReader can save/restore it when
-  /// processing the rest of the file.
+  /// processing the rest of the file. Similarly, we track an unterminated
+  /// #pragma assume_nonnull.
   bool GeneratePreamble = false;
 
   /// Whether to write comment locations into the PCH when building it.
diff --git a/clang/include/clang/Serialization/ASTBitCodes.h b/clang/include/clang/Serialization/ASTBitCodes.h
--- a/clang/include/clang/Serialization/ASTBitCodes.h
+++ b/clang/include/clang/Serialization/ASTBitCodes.h
@@ -698,6 +698,10 @@
 
   /// Record code for included files.
   PP_INCLUDED_FILES = 66,
+
+  /// Record code for an unterminated \#pragma clang assume_nonnull begin
+  /// recorded in a preamble.
+  PP_ASSUME_NONNULL_LOC = 67,
 };
 
 /// Record types used within a source manager block.
diff --git a/clang/lib/Lex/PPLexerChange.cpp b/clang/lib/Lex/PPLexerChange.cpp
--- a/clang/lib/Lex/PPLexerChange.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Lex/PPLexerChange.cpp
@@ -427,13 +427,20 @@
     PragmaARCCFCodeAuditedInfo = {nullptr, SourceLocation()};
   }
 
-  // Complain about reaching a true EOF within assume_nonnull.
+  // Complain about reaching a true EOF.
+  //
   // We don't want to complain about reaching the end of a macro
   // instantiation or a _Pragma.
   if (PragmaAssumeNonNullLoc.isValid() &&
       !isEndOfMacro && !(CurLexer && CurLexer->Is_PragmaLexer)) {
-    Diag(PragmaAssumeNonNullLoc, diag::err_pp_eof_in_assume_nonnull);
-
+    // If we're at the end of generating a preamble, we should record the
+    // unterminated \#pragma clang assume_nonnull so we can restore it later
+    // when the preamble is loaded into the main file.
+    if (isRecordingPreamble() && isInPrimaryFile()) {
+      PreambleRecordedPragmaAssumeNonNullLoc = PragmaAssumeNonNullLoc;
+    } else {
+      Diag(PragmaAssumeNonNullLoc, diag::err_pp_eof_in_assume_nonnull);
+    }
     // Recover by leaving immediately.
     PragmaAssumeNonNullLoc = SourceLocation();
   }
@@ -514,10 +521,15 @@
                              PPCallbacks::ExitFile, FileType, ExitedFID);
     }
 
-    // Restore conditional stack from the preamble right after exiting from the
-    // predefines file.
-    if (ExitedFromPredefinesFile)
+    // Restore conditional stack as well as the recorded
+    // \#pragma clang assume_nonnull from the preamble right after exiting
+    // from the predefines file.
+    if (ExitedFromPredefinesFile) {
       replayPreambleConditionalStack();
+      if (PreambleRecordedPragmaAssumeNonNullLoc.isValid()) {
+        PragmaAssumeNonNullLoc = PreambleRecordedPragmaAssumeNonNullLoc;
+      }
+    }
 
     if (!isEndOfMacro && CurPPLexer && FoundPCHThroughHeader &&
         (isInPrimaryFile() ||
diff --git a/clang/lib/Serialization/ASTReader.cpp b/clang/lib/Serialization/ASTReader.cpp
--- a/clang/lib/Serialization/ASTReader.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Serialization/ASTReader.cpp
@@ -3109,6 +3109,7 @@
       case IDENTIFIER_OFFSET:
       case INTERESTING_IDENTIFIERS:
       case STATISTICS:
+      case PP_ASSUME_NONNULL_LOC:
       case PP_CONDITIONAL_STACK:
       case PP_COUNTER_VALUE:
       case SOURCE_LOCATION_OFFSETS:
@@ -3371,6 +3372,14 @@
       }
       break;
 
+    case PP_ASSUME_NONNULL_LOC: {
+      unsigned Idx = 0;
+      if (!Record.empty())
+        PP.setPreambleRecordedPragmaAssumeNonNullLoc(
+            ReadSourceLocation(F, Record, Idx));
+      break;
+    }
+
     case PP_CONDITIONAL_STACK:
       if (!Record.empty()) {
         unsigned Idx = 0, End = Record.size() - 1;
diff --git a/clang/lib/Serialization/ASTWriter.cpp b/clang/lib/Serialization/ASTWriter.cpp
--- a/clang/lib/Serialization/ASTWriter.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Serialization/ASTWriter.cpp
@@ -872,6 +872,7 @@
   RECORD(PP_CONDITIONAL_STACK);
   RECORD(DECLS_TO_CHECK_FOR_DEFERRED_DIAGS);
   RECORD(PP_INCLUDED_FILES);
+  RECORD(PP_ASSUME_NONNULL_LOC);
 
   // SourceManager Block.
   BLOCK(SOURCE_MANAGER_BLOCK);
@@ -2299,6 +2300,16 @@
     Stream.EmitRecord(PP_COUNTER_VALUE, Record);
   }
 
+  // If we have a recorded #pragma assume_nonnull, remember it so it can be
+  // replayed when the preamble terminates into the main file.
+  SourceLocation AssumeNonNullLoc = PP.getPreambleRecordedPragmaAssumeNonNullLoc();
+  if (AssumeNonNullLoc.isValid()) {
+    assert(PP.isRecordingPreamble());
+    AddSourceLocation(AssumeNonNullLoc, Record);
+    Stream.EmitRecord(PP_ASSUME_NONNULL_LOC, Record);
+    Record.clear();
+  }
+
   if (PP.isRecordingPreamble() && PP.hasRecordedPreamble()) {
     assert(!IsModule);
     auto SkipInfo = PP.getPreambleSkipInfo();
diff --git a/clang/test/Index/preamble-assume-nonnull.c b/clang/test/Index/preamble-assume-nonnull.c
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/clang/test/Index/preamble-assume-nonnull.c
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// RUN: env CINDEXTEST_EDITING=1 c-index-test -test-load-source local %s 2>&1 \
+// RUN: | FileCheck %s --implicit-check-not "error:"
+
+#pragma clang assume_nonnull begin
+void foo(int *x);
+#pragma clang assume_nonnull end