diff --git a/clang/lib/Format/FormatToken.h b/clang/lib/Format/FormatToken.h
--- a/clang/lib/Format/FormatToken.h
+++ b/clang/lib/Format/FormatToken.h
@@ -121,6 +121,30 @@
   TYPE(CSharpGenericTypeConstraintComma)                                       \
   TYPE(Unknown)
 
+/// Operators that can follow a C variable.
+static const std::set<clang::tok::TokenKind> C_OperatorsFollowingVar = {
+    tok::l_square,     tok::r_square,
+    tok::l_paren,      tok::r_paren,
+    tok::r_brace,      tok::period,
+    tok::ellipsis,     tok::ampamp,
+    tok::ampequal,     tok::star,
+    tok::starequal,    tok::plus,
+    tok::plusplus,     tok::plusequal,
+    tok::minus,        tok::arrow,
+    tok::minusminus,   tok::minusequal,
+    tok::exclaim,      tok::exclaimequal,
+    tok::slash,        tok::slashequal,
+    tok::percent,      tok::percentequal,
+    tok::less,         tok::lessless,
+    tok::lessequal,    tok::lesslessequal,
+    tok::greater,      tok::greatergreater,
+    tok::greaterequal, tok::greatergreaterequal,
+    tok::caret,        tok::caretequal,
+    tok::pipe,         tok::pipepipe,
+    tok::pipeequal,    tok::question,
+    tok::semi,         tok::equal,
+    tok::equalequal,   tok::comma};
+
 /// Determines the semantic type of a syntactic token, e.g. whether "<" is a
 /// template opener or binary operator.
 enum TokenType : uint8_t {
diff --git a/clang/lib/Format/UnwrappedLineFormatter.cpp b/clang/lib/Format/UnwrappedLineFormatter.cpp
--- a/clang/lib/Format/UnwrappedLineFormatter.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Format/UnwrappedLineFormatter.cpp
@@ -100,10 +100,27 @@
     if (Style.Language == FormatStyle::LK_Java || Style.isJavaScript() ||
         Style.isCSharp())
       return 0;
-    if (RootToken.isAccessSpecifier(false) ||
-        RootToken.isObjCAccessSpecifier() ||
-        (RootToken.isOneOf(Keywords.kw_signals, Keywords.kw_qsignals) &&
-         RootToken.Next && RootToken.Next->is(tok::colon))) {
+
+    auto IsAccessModifier = [this, &RootToken]() {
+      if (RootToken.isAccessSpecifier(Style.isCpp()))
+        return true;
+      else if (RootToken.isObjCAccessSpecifier())
+        return true;
+      // Handle Qt signals
+      else if ((RootToken.isOneOf(Keywords.kw_signals, Keywords.kw_qsignals) &&
+                RootToken.Next && RootToken.Next->is(tok::colon)))
+        return true;
+      // Handle malformed access specifier i.e. 'private' without trailing ':'
+      else if ((RootToken.isAccessSpecifier(false) &&
+                (!RootToken.Next ||
+                 (!C_OperatorsFollowingVar.count(
+                      RootToken.Next->Tok.getKind()) &&
+                  !RootToken.Next->Tok.is(tok::coloncolon)))))
+        return true;
+      return false;
+    };
+
+    if (IsAccessModifier()) {
       // The AccessModifierOffset may be overridden by IndentAccessModifiers,
       // in which case we take a negative value of the IndentWidth to simulate
       // the upper indent level.
diff --git a/clang/lib/Format/UnwrappedLineParser.cpp b/clang/lib/Format/UnwrappedLineParser.cpp
--- a/clang/lib/Format/UnwrappedLineParser.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Format/UnwrappedLineParser.cpp
@@ -2494,14 +2494,22 @@
 }
 
 void UnwrappedLineParser::parseAccessSpecifier() {
+  auto *AccessSpecifierCandidate = FormatTok;
   nextToken();
   // Understand Qt's slots.
   if (FormatTok->isOneOf(Keywords.kw_slots, Keywords.kw_qslots))
     nextToken();
   // Otherwise, we don't know what it is, and we'd better keep the next token.
-  if (FormatTok->Tok.is(tok::colon))
+  if (FormatTok->Tok.is(tok::colon)) {
     nextToken();
-  addUnwrappedLine();
+    addUnwrappedLine();
+    // is not a variable name or namespacename
+  } else if (!C_OperatorsFollowingVar.count(FormatTok->Tok.getKind()) &&
+             !FormatTok->Tok.is(tok::coloncolon))
+    addUnwrappedLine();
+  // consider the accessSpecifier to be a C identifier
+  else if (AccessSpecifierCandidate)
+    AccessSpecifierCandidate->Tok.setKind(tok::identifier);
 }
 
 void UnwrappedLineParser::parseConcept() {
diff --git a/clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp b/clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp
--- a/clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp
+++ b/clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp
@@ -3030,6 +3030,46 @@
                "label:\n"
                "  signals.baz();\n"
                "}");
+  verifyFormat("private[1];");
+  verifyFormat("testArray[public] = 1;");
+  verifyFormat("public();");
+  verifyFormat("myFunc(public);");
+  verifyFormat("std::vector<int> testVec = {private};");
+  verifyFormat("private.p = 1;");
+  verifyFormat("void function(private...){};");
+  verifyFormat("if (private && public)\n");
+  verifyFormat("private &= true;");
+  verifyFormat("int x = private * public;");
+  verifyFormat("public *= private;");
+  verifyFormat("int x = public + private;");
+  verifyFormat("private++;");
+  verifyFormat("++private;");
+  verifyFormat("public += private;");
+  verifyFormat("public = public - private;");
+  verifyFormat("public->foo();");
+  verifyFormat("private--;");
+  verifyFormat("--private;");
+  verifyFormat("public -= 1;");
+  verifyFormat("if (!private && !public)\n");
+  verifyFormat("public != private;");
+  verifyFormat("int x = public / private;");
+  verifyFormat("public /= 2;");
+  verifyFormat("public = public % 2;");
+  verifyFormat("public %= 2;");
+  verifyFormat("if (public < private)\n");
+  verifyFormat("public << private;");
+  verifyFormat("public <<= private;");
+  verifyFormat("if (public > private)\n");
+  verifyFormat("public >> private;");
+  verifyFormat("public >>= private;");
+  verifyFormat("public ^ private;");
+  verifyFormat("public ^= private;");
+  verifyFormat("public | private;");
+  verifyFormat("public |= private;");
+  verifyFormat("auto x = private ? 1 : 2;");
+  verifyFormat("if (public == private)\n");
+  verifyFormat("void foo(public, private)");
+  verifyFormat("public::foo();");
 }
 
 TEST_F(FormatTest, SeparatesLogicalBlocks) {