diff --git a/mlir/include/mlir/IR/AffineMap.h b/mlir/include/mlir/IR/AffineMap.h
--- a/mlir/include/mlir/IR/AffineMap.h
+++ b/mlir/include/mlir/IR/AffineMap.h
@@ -546,6 +546,21 @@
   return result;
 }
 
+template <typename AffineExprContainer>
+static void getMaxDimAndSymbol(ArrayRef<AffineExprContainer> exprsList,
+                               int64_t &maxDim, int64_t &maxSym) {
+  for (const auto &exprs : exprsList) {
+    for (auto expr : exprs) {
+      expr.walk([&maxDim, &maxSym](AffineExpr e) {
+        if (auto d = e.dyn_cast<AffineDimExpr>())
+          maxDim = std::max(maxDim, static_cast<int64_t>(d.getPosition()));
+        if (auto s = e.dyn_cast<AffineSymbolExpr>())
+          maxSym = std::max(maxSym, static_cast<int64_t>(s.getPosition()));
+      });
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 inline raw_ostream &operator<<(raw_ostream &os, AffineMap map) {
   map.print(os);
   return os;
diff --git a/mlir/lib/IR/AffineMap.cpp b/mlir/lib/IR/AffineMap.cpp
--- a/mlir/lib/IR/AffineMap.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/IR/AffineMap.cpp
@@ -215,21 +215,6 @@
   return permutationMap;
 }
 
-template <typename AffineExprContainer>
-static void getMaxDimAndSymbol(ArrayRef<AffineExprContainer> exprsList,
-                               int64_t &maxDim, int64_t &maxSym) {
-  for (const auto &exprs : exprsList) {
-    for (auto expr : exprs) {
-      expr.walk([&maxDim, &maxSym](AffineExpr e) {
-        if (auto d = e.dyn_cast<AffineDimExpr>())
-          maxDim = std::max(maxDim, static_cast<int64_t>(d.getPosition()));
-        if (auto s = e.dyn_cast<AffineSymbolExpr>())
-          maxSym = std::max(maxSym, static_cast<int64_t>(s.getPosition()));
-      });
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 template <typename AffineExprContainer>
 static SmallVector<AffineMap, 4>
 inferFromExprList(ArrayRef<AffineExprContainer> exprsList) {
diff --git a/mlir/lib/IR/MLIRContext.cpp b/mlir/lib/IR/MLIRContext.cpp
--- a/mlir/lib/IR/MLIRContext.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/IR/MLIRContext.cpp
@@ -1006,6 +1006,29 @@
       });
 }
 
+/// Check whether the arguments passed to the AffineMap::get() are consistent.
+/// This method checks whether the highest index of dimensional identifier
+/// present in result expressions is less than `dimCount` and the highest index
+/// of symbolic identifier present in result expressions is less than
+/// `symbolCount`.
+[[nodiscard]] static bool willBeValidAffineMap(unsigned dimCount,
+                                               unsigned symbolCount,
+                                               ArrayRef<AffineExpr> results) {
+  int64_t maxDimPosition = -1;
+  int64_t maxSymbolPosition = -1;
+  getMaxDimAndSymbol(ArrayRef<ArrayRef<AffineExpr>>(results), maxDimPosition,
+                     maxSymbolPosition);
+  if ((maxDimPosition >= dimCount) || (maxSymbolPosition >= symbolCount)) {
+    LLVM_DEBUG(
+        llvm::dbgs()
+        << "maximum dimensional identifier position in result expression must "
+           "be less than `dimCount` and maximum symbolic identifier position "
+           "in result expression must be less than `symbolCount`\n");
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
 AffineMap AffineMap::get(MLIRContext *context) {
   return getImpl(/*dimCount=*/0, /*symbolCount=*/0, /*results=*/{}, context);
 }
@@ -1017,11 +1040,13 @@
 
 AffineMap AffineMap::get(unsigned dimCount, unsigned symbolCount,
                          AffineExpr result) {
+  assert(willBeValidAffineMap(dimCount, symbolCount, {result}));
   return getImpl(dimCount, symbolCount, {result}, result.getContext());
 }
 
 AffineMap AffineMap::get(unsigned dimCount, unsigned symbolCount,
                          ArrayRef<AffineExpr> results, MLIRContext *context) {
+  assert(willBeValidAffineMap(dimCount, symbolCount, results));
   return getImpl(dimCount, symbolCount, results, context);
 }