diff --git a/mlir/include/mlir/IR/BuiltinTypes.td b/mlir/include/mlir/IR/BuiltinTypes.td
--- a/mlir/include/mlir/IR/BuiltinTypes.td
+++ b/mlir/include/mlir/IR/BuiltinTypes.td
@@ -895,7 +895,7 @@
     vector-type ::= `vector` `<` static-dimension-list vector-element-type `>`
     vector-element-type ::= float-type | integer-type | index-type
 
-    static-dimension-list ::= (decimal-literal `x`)+
+    static-dimension-list ::= (decimal-literal `x`)*
     ```
 
     The vector type represents a SIMD style vector, used by target-specific
@@ -903,13 +903,13 @@
     vector<16 x f32>) we also support multidimensional registers on targets that
     support them (like TPUs).
 
-    Vector shapes must be positive decimal integers.
+    Vector shapes must be positive decimal integers. 0D vectors are allowed by
+    omitting the dimension: `vector<f32>`.
 
     Note: hexadecimal integer literals are not allowed in vector type
     declarations, `vector<0x42xi32>` is invalid because it is interpreted as a
     2D vector with shape `(0, 42)` and zero shapes are not allowed.
 
-
     Examples:
 
     ```mlir
diff --git a/mlir/lib/IR/BuiltinTypes.cpp b/mlir/lib/IR/BuiltinTypes.cpp
--- a/mlir/lib/IR/BuiltinTypes.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/IR/BuiltinTypes.cpp
@@ -441,9 +441,6 @@
 
 LogicalResult VectorType::verify(function_ref<InFlightDiagnostic()> emitError,
                                  ArrayRef<int64_t> shape, Type elementType) {
-  if (shape.empty())
-    return emitError() << "vector types must have at least one dimension";
-
   if (!isValidElementType(elementType))
     return emitError()
            << "vector elements must be int/index/float type but got "
diff --git a/mlir/lib/Parser/TypeParser.cpp b/mlir/lib/Parser/TypeParser.cpp
--- a/mlir/lib/Parser/TypeParser.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/Parser/TypeParser.cpp
@@ -442,9 +442,7 @@
 
 /// Parse a vector type.
 ///
-///   vector-type ::= `vector` `<` non-empty-static-dimension-list type `>`
-///   non-empty-static-dimension-list ::= decimal-literal `x`
-///                                       static-dimension-list
+///   vector-type ::= `vector` `<` static-dimension-list type `>`
 ///   static-dimension-list ::= (decimal-literal `x`)*
 ///
 VectorType Parser::parseVectorType() {
@@ -456,8 +454,6 @@
   SmallVector<int64_t, 4> dimensions;
   if (parseDimensionListRanked(dimensions, /*allowDynamic=*/false))
     return nullptr;
-  if (dimensions.empty())
-    return (emitError("expected dimension size in vector type"), nullptr);
   if (any_of(dimensions, [](int64_t i) { return i <= 0; }))
     return emitError(getToken().getLoc(),
                      "vector types must have positive constant sizes"),
diff --git a/mlir/test/IR/invalid.mlir b/mlir/test/IR/invalid.mlir
--- a/mlir/test/IR/invalid.mlir
+++ b/mlir/test/IR/invalid.mlir
@@ -949,7 +949,7 @@
 
 // -----
 
-// expected-error @+1 {{expected dimension size in vector type}}
+// expected-error @+1 {{expected non-function type}}
 func @negative_vector_size() -> vector<-1xi32>
 
 // -----
diff --git a/mlir/test/IR/parser.mlir b/mlir/test/IR/parser.mlir
--- a/mlir/test/IR/parser.mlir
+++ b/mlir/test/IR/parser.mlir
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@
 // CHECK: func private @float_types(f80, f128)
 func private @float_types(f80, f128)
 
-// CHECK: func private @vectors(vector<1xf32>, vector<2x4xf32>)
-func private @vectors(vector<1 x f32>, vector<2x4xf32>)
+// CHECK: func private @vectors(vector<f32>, vector<1xf32>, vector<2x4xf32>)
+func private @vectors(vector<f32>, vector<1 x f32>, vector<2x4xf32>)
 
 // CHECK: func private @tensors(tensor<*xf32>, tensor<*xvector<2x4xf32>>, tensor<1x?x4x?x?xi32>, tensor<i8>)
 func private @tensors(tensor<* x f32>, tensor<* x vector<2x4xf32>>,