diff --git a/libc/test/src/math/LdExpTest.h b/libc/test/src/math/LdExpTest.h
--- a/libc/test/src/math/LdExpTest.h
+++ b/libc/test/src/math/LdExpTest.h
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
     FPBits resultBits(result);
     ASSERT_FALSE(resultBits.isZero());
     // Verify that the result is indeed subnormal.
-    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.exponent, uint16_t(0));
+    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.getExponent(), uint16_t(0));
     // But if the exp is so less that normalization leads to zero, then
     // the result should be zero.
     result = func(x, -FPBits::maxExponent - int(mantissaWidth) - 5);
diff --git a/libc/test/src/math/NextAfterTest.h b/libc/test/src/math/NextAfterTest.h
--- a/libc/test/src/math/NextAfterTest.h
+++ b/libc/test/src/math/NextAfterTest.h
@@ -163,31 +163,31 @@
     result = func(x, 0);
     FPBits xBits = FPBits(x);
     FPBits resultBits = FPBits(result);
-    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.exponent,
-              uint16_t(xBits.encoding.exponent - 1));
-    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.mantissa,
+    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.getExponent(),
+              uint16_t(xBits.encoding.getExponent() - 1));
+    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.getMantissa(),
               (UIntType(1) << MantissaWidth::value) - 1);
 
     result = func(x, T(33.0));
     resultBits = FPBits(result);
-    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.exponent, xBits.encoding.exponent);
-    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.mantissa,
-              xBits.encoding.mantissa + UIntType(1));
+    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.getExponent(), xBits.encoding.getExponent());
+    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.getMantissa(),
+              xBits.encoding.getMantissa() + UIntType(1));
 
     x = -x;
 
     result = func(x, 0);
     resultBits = FPBits(result);
-    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.exponent,
-              uint16_t(xBits.encoding.exponent - 1));
-    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.mantissa,
+    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.getExponent(),
+              uint16_t(xBits.encoding.getExponent() - 1));
+    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.getMantissa(),
               (UIntType(1) << MantissaWidth::value) - 1);
 
     result = func(x, T(-33.0));
     resultBits = FPBits(result);
-    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.exponent, xBits.encoding.exponent);
-    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.mantissa,
-              xBits.encoding.mantissa + UIntType(1));
+    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.getExponent(), xBits.encoding.getExponent());
+    ASSERT_EQ(resultBits.encoding.getMantissa(),
+              xBits.encoding.getMantissa() + UIntType(1));
   }
 };
 
diff --git a/libc/test/src/math/RoundToIntegerTest.h b/libc/test/src/math/RoundToIntegerTest.h
--- a/libc/test/src/math/RoundToIntegerTest.h
+++ b/libc/test/src/math/RoundToIntegerTest.h
@@ -135,9 +135,9 @@
     // We start with 1.0 so that the implicit bit for x86 long doubles
     // is set.
     FPBits bits(F(1.0));
-    bits.encoding.exponent = exponentLimit + FPBits::exponentBias;
-    bits.encoding.sign = 1;
-    bits.encoding.mantissa = 0;
+    bits.encoding.setExponent(exponentLimit + FPBits::exponentBias);
+    bits.encoding.setSign(1);
+    bits.encoding.setMantissa(0);
 
     F x = F(bits);
     long mpfrResult;
@@ -199,10 +199,9 @@
     // We start with 1.0 so that the implicit bit for x86 long doubles
     // is set.
     FPBits bits(F(1.0));
-    bits.encoding.exponent = exponentLimit + FPBits::exponentBias;
-    bits.encoding.sign = 1;
-    bits.encoding.mantissa =
-        UIntType(0x1) << (__llvm_libc::fputil::MantissaWidth<F>::value - 1);
+    bits.encoding.setExponent(exponentLimit + FPBits::exponentBias);
+    bits.encoding.setSign(1);
+    bits.encoding.setMantissa(UIntType(0x1) << (__llvm_libc::fputil::MantissaWidth<F>::value - 1));
 
     F x = F(bits);
     if (TestModes) {
diff --git a/libc/test/src/math/SqrtTest.h b/libc/test/src/math/SqrtTest.h
--- a/libc/test/src/math/SqrtTest.h
+++ b/libc/test/src/math/SqrtTest.h
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
   void testDenormalValues(SqrtFunc func) {
     for (UIntType mant = 1; mant < HiddenBit; mant <<= 1) {
       FPBits denormal(T(0.0));
-      denormal.encoding.mantissa = mant;
+      denormal.encoding.setMantissa(mant);
 
       ASSERT_MPFR_MATCH(mpfr::Operation::Sqrt, T(denormal), func(T(denormal)),
                         T(0.5));
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/BasicOperations.h b/libc/utils/FPUtil/BasicOperations.h
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/BasicOperations.h
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/BasicOperations.h
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
           cpp::EnableIfType<cpp::IsFloatingPointType<T>::Value, int> = 0>
 static inline T abs(T x) {
   FPBits<T> bits(x);
-  bits.encoding.sign = 0;
+  bits.encoding.setSign(0);
   return T(bits);
 }
 
@@ -33,11 +33,11 @@
     return y;
   } else if (bity.isNaN()) {
     return x;
-  } else if (bitx.encoding.sign != bity.encoding.sign) {
+  } else if (bitx.encoding.getSign() != bity.encoding.getSign()) {
     // To make sure that fmin(+0, -0) == -0 == fmin(-0, +0), whenever x and
     // y has different signs and both are not NaNs, we return the number
     // with negative sign.
-    return (bitx.encoding.sign ? x : y);
+    return (bitx.encoding.getSign() ? x : y);
   } else {
     return (x < y ? x : y);
   }
@@ -52,11 +52,11 @@
     return y;
   } else if (bity.isNaN()) {
     return x;
-  } else if (bitx.encoding.sign != bity.encoding.sign) {
+  } else if (bitx.encoding.getSign() != bity.encoding.getSign()) {
     // To make sure that fmax(+0, -0) == +0 == fmax(-0, +0), whenever x and
     // y has different signs and both are not NaNs, we return the number
     // with positive sign.
-    return (bitx.encoding.sign ? y : x);
+    return (bitx.encoding.getSign() ? y : x);
   } else {
     return (x > y ? x : y);
   }
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/DivisionAndRemainderOperations.h b/libc/utils/FPUtil/DivisionAndRemainderOperations.h
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/DivisionAndRemainderOperations.h
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/DivisionAndRemainderOperations.h
@@ -43,12 +43,14 @@
     return x;
   }
 
-  bool resultSign = (xbits.encoding.sign == ybits.encoding.sign ? false : true);
+  bool resultSign =
+      (xbits.encoding.getSign() == ybits.encoding.getSign() ? false : true);
 
   // Once we know the sign of the result, we can just operate on the absolute
   // values. The correct sign can be applied to the result after the result
   // is evaluated.
-  xbits.encoding.sign = ybits.encoding.sign = 0;
+  xbits.encoding.setSign(0);
+  ybits.encoding.setSign(0);
 
   NormalFloat<T> normalx(xbits), normaly(ybits);
   int exp = normalx.exponent - normaly.exponent;
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/FPBits.h b/libc/utils/FPUtil/FPBits.h
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/FPBits.h
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/FPBits.h
@@ -13,47 +13,24 @@
 
 #include "utils/CPP/TypeTraits.h"
 
+#include "FloatProperties.h"
+#include <assert.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 
 namespace __llvm_libc {
 namespace fputil {
 
-template <typename T> struct MantissaWidth {};
-template <> struct MantissaWidth<float> {
-  static constexpr unsigned value = 23;
-};
-template <> struct MantissaWidth<double> {
-  static constexpr unsigned value = 52;
+template <typename T> struct MantissaWidth {
+  static constexpr unsigned value = FloatProperties<T>::mantissaWidth;
 };
 
-template <typename T> struct ExponentWidth {};
-template <> struct ExponentWidth<float> {
-  static constexpr unsigned value = 8;
-};
-template <> struct ExponentWidth<double> {
-  static constexpr unsigned value = 11;
-};
-template <> struct ExponentWidth<long double> {
-  static constexpr unsigned value = 15;
+template <typename T> struct ExponentWidth {
+  static constexpr unsigned value = FloatProperties<T>::exponentWidth;
 };
 
-template <typename T> struct FPUIntType {};
-template <> struct FPUIntType<float> { using Type = uint32_t; };
-template <> struct FPUIntType<double> { using Type = uint64_t; };
-
-#ifdef LONG_DOUBLE_IS_DOUBLE
-template <> struct MantissaWidth<long double> {
-  static constexpr unsigned value = MantissaWidth<double>::value;
-};
-template <> struct FPUIntType<long double> {
-  using Type = FPUIntType<double>::Type;
+template <typename T> struct FPUIntType {
+  using Type = typename FloatProperties<T>::BitsType;
 };
-#elif !defined(SPECIAL_X86_LONG_DOUBLE)
-template <> struct MantissaWidth<long double> {
-  static constexpr unsigned value = 112;
-};
-template <> struct FPUIntType<long double> { using Type = __uint128_t; };
-#endif
 
 // A generic class to represent single precision, double precision, and quad
 // precision IEEE 754 floating point formats.
@@ -72,17 +49,55 @@
   // type is provided for such reinterpretations.
   using UIntType = typename FPUIntType<T>::Type;
 
-  struct __attribute__((packed)) {
-    UIntType mantissa : MantissaWidth<T>::value;
-    uint16_t exponent : ExponentWidth<T>::value;
-    uint8_t sign : 1;
+  struct {
+    using FloatProp = FloatProperties<T>;
+
+  private:
+    UIntType bits;
+
+  public:
+    UIntType getValue() const { return bits; }
+    void setValue(UIntType bits) { this->bits = bits; }
+
+    void setMantissa(UIntType mantVal) {
+      mantVal &= (FloatProp::mantissaMask);
+      assert((mantVal & ~(FloatProp::mantissaMask)) == 0);
+      bits &= ~(FloatProp::mantissaMask);
+      bits |= mantVal;
+    }
+
+    UIntType getMantissa() const { return bits & FloatProp::mantissaMask; }
+
+    void setExponent(UIntType expVal) {
+      expVal =
+          (expVal << (FloatProp::bitWidth - 1 - FloatProp::exponentWidth)) &
+          FloatProp::exponentMask;
+      assert((expVal & ~(FloatProp::exponentMask)) == 0);
+      bits &= ~(FloatProp::exponentMask);
+      bits |= expVal;
+    }
+
+    uint16_t getExponent() const {
+      return uint16_t((bits & FloatProp::exponentMask) >>
+                      (FloatProp::bitWidth - 1 - FloatProp::exponentWidth));
+    }
+
+    void setSign(bool signVal) {
+      bits &= ~(FloatProp::signMask);
+      UIntType sign = UIntType(signVal) << (FloatProp::bitWidth - 1);
+      bits |= sign;
+    }
+
+    uint8_t getSign() const {
+      return uint8_t((bits & FloatProp::signMask) >> (FloatProp::bitWidth - 1));
+    }
+
   } encoding;
-  UIntType integer;
   T val;
 
   static_assert(sizeof(encoding) == sizeof(UIntType),
                 "Encoding and integral representation have different sizes.");
-  static_assert(sizeof(integer) == sizeof(UIntType),
+  static_assert(sizeof(encoding.getValue()) == sizeof(UIntType),
                 "Integral representation and value type have different sizes.");
 
   static constexpr int exponentBias = (1 << (ExponentWidth<T>::value - 1)) - 1;
@@ -104,29 +119,31 @@
 
   template <typename XType,
             cpp::EnableIfType<cpp::IsSame<XType, UIntType>::Value, int> = 0>
-  explicit FPBits(XType x) : integer(x) {}
+  explicit FPBits(XType x) {
+    encoding.setValue(x);
+  }
 
-  FPBits() : integer(0) {}
+  FPBits() { encoding.setValue(0); }
 
   explicit operator T() { return val; }
 
-  UIntType uintval() const { return integer; }
+  UIntType uintval() const { return encoding.getValue(); }
 
-  int getExponent() const { return int(encoding.exponent) - exponentBias; }
+  int getExponent() const { return int(encoding.getExponent()) - exponentBias; }
 
   bool isZero() const {
-    return encoding.mantissa == 0 && encoding.exponent == 0;
+    return encoding.getMantissa() == 0 && encoding.getExponent() == 0;
   }
 
   bool isInf() const {
-    return encoding.mantissa == 0 && encoding.exponent == maxExponent;
+    return encoding.getMantissa() == 0 && encoding.getExponent() == maxExponent;
   }
 
   bool isNaN() const {
-    return encoding.exponent == maxExponent && encoding.mantissa != 0;
+    return encoding.getExponent() == maxExponent && encoding.getMantissa() != 0;
   }
 
-  bool isInfOrNaN() const { return encoding.exponent == maxExponent; }
+  bool isInfOrNaN() const { return encoding.getExponent() == maxExponent; }
 
   static FPBits<T> zero() { return FPBits(); }
 
@@ -136,19 +153,19 @@
 
   static FPBits<T> inf() {
     FPBits<T> bits;
-    bits.encoding.exponent = maxExponent;
+    bits.encoding.setExponent(maxExponent);
     return bits;
   }
 
   static FPBits<T> negInf() {
     FPBits<T> bits = inf();
-    bits.encoding.sign = 1;
+    bits.encoding.setSign(1);
     return bits;
   }
 
   static T buildNaN(UIntType v) {
     FPBits<T> bits = inf();
-    bits.encoding.mantissa = v;
+    bits.encoding.setMantissa(v);
     return T(bits);
   }
 };
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/Hypot.h b/libc/utils/FPUtil/Hypot.h
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/Hypot.h
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/Hypot.h
@@ -139,27 +139,27 @@
   DUIntType a_mant_sq, b_mant_sq;
   bool sticky_bits;
 
-  if ((x_bits.encoding.exponent >=
-       y_bits.encoding.exponent + MantissaWidth<T>::value + 2) ||
+  if ((x_bits.encoding.getExponent() >=
+       y_bits.encoding.getExponent() + MantissaWidth<T>::value + 2) ||
       (y == 0)) {
     return abs(x);
-  } else if ((y_bits.encoding.exponent >=
-              x_bits.encoding.exponent + MantissaWidth<T>::value + 2) ||
+  } else if ((y_bits.encoding.getExponent() >=
+              x_bits.encoding.getExponent() + MantissaWidth<T>::value + 2) ||
              (x == 0)) {
-    y_bits.encoding.sign = 0;
+    y_bits.encoding.setSign(0);
     return abs(y);
   }
 
   if (x >= y) {
-    a_exp = x_bits.encoding.exponent;
-    a_mant = x_bits.encoding.mantissa;
-    b_exp = y_bits.encoding.exponent;
-    b_mant = y_bits.encoding.mantissa;
+    a_exp = x_bits.encoding.getExponent();
+    a_mant = x_bits.encoding.getMantissa();
+    b_exp = y_bits.encoding.getExponent();
+    b_mant = y_bits.encoding.getMantissa();
   } else {
-    a_exp = y_bits.encoding.exponent;
-    a_mant = y_bits.encoding.mantissa;
-    b_exp = x_bits.encoding.exponent;
-    b_mant = x_bits.encoding.mantissa;
+    a_exp = y_bits.encoding.getExponent();
+    a_mant = y_bits.encoding.getMantissa();
+    b_exp = x_bits.encoding.getExponent();
+    b_mant = x_bits.encoding.getMantissa();
   }
 
   out_exp = a_exp;
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/LongDoubleBitsX86.h b/libc/utils/FPUtil/LongDoubleBitsX86.h
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/LongDoubleBitsX86.h
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/LongDoubleBitsX86.h
@@ -16,10 +16,6 @@
 namespace __llvm_libc {
 namespace fputil {
 
-template <> struct MantissaWidth<long double> {
-  static constexpr unsigned value = 63;
-};
-
 template <unsigned Width> struct Padding;
 
 // i386 padding.
@@ -43,25 +39,73 @@
       ((UIntType(maxExponent) - 1) << (MantissaWidth<long double>::value + 1)) |
       (UIntType(1) << MantissaWidth<long double>::value) | maxSubnormal;
 
-  struct __attribute__((packed)) {
-    UIntType mantissa : MantissaWidth<long double>::value;
-    uint8_t implicitBit : 1;
-    uint16_t exponent : ExponentWidth<long double>::value;
-    uint8_t sign : 1;
-    uint64_t padding : Padding<sizeof(uintptr_t)>::value;
+  struct {
+    using FloatProp = FloatProperties<long double>;
+
+  private:
+    UIntType bits;
+
+  public:
+    UIntType getValue() const { return bits; }
+    void setValue(UIntType bits) { this->bits = bits; }
+
+    void setMantissa(UIntType mantVal) {
+      mantVal &= (FloatProp::mantissaMask);
+      assert((mantVal & ~(FloatProp::mantissaMask)) == 0);
+      bits &= ~(FloatProp::mantissaMask);
+      bits |= mantVal;
+    }
+
+    UIntType getMantissa() const { return bits & FloatProp::mantissaMask; }
+
+    void setExponent(UIntType expVal) {
+      expVal =
+          (expVal << (FloatProp::bitWidth - 1 - FloatProp::exponentWidth)) &
+          FloatProp::exponentMask;
+      assert((expVal & ~(FloatProp::exponentMask)) == 0);
+      bits &= ~(FloatProp::exponentMask);
+      bits |= expVal;
+    }
+
+    uint16_t getExponent() const {
+      return uint16_t((bits & FloatProp::exponentMask) >>
+                      (FloatProp::bitWidth - 1 - FloatProp::exponentWidth));
+    }
+
+    void setImplicitBit(bool implicitVal) {
+      bits &= ~(UIntType(1) << FloatProp::mantissaWidth);
+      bits |= (UIntType(implicitVal) << FloatProp::mantissaWidth);
+    }
+
+    uint8_t getImplicitBit() const {
+      return uint8_t((bits & (UIntType(1) << FloatProp::mantissaWidth)) >>
+                     FloatProp::mantissaWidth);
+    }
+
+    void setSign(bool signVal) {
+      bits &= ~(FloatProp::signMask);
+      UIntType sign1 = UIntType(signVal) << (FloatProp::bitWidth - 1);
+      bits |= sign1;
+    }
+
+    uint8_t getSign() const {
+      return uint8_t((bits & FloatProp::signMask) >> (FloatProp::bitWidth - 1));
+    }
+
   } encoding;
-  UIntType integer;
   long double val;
 
-  FPBits() : integer(0) {}
+  FPBits() { encoding.setValue(0); }
 
   template <typename XType,
             cpp::EnableIfType<cpp::IsSame<long double, XType>::Value, int> = 0>
-  explicit FPBits<long double>(XType x) : val(x) {}
+  explicit FPBits(XType x) : val(x) {}
 
   template <typename XType,
             cpp::EnableIfType<cpp::IsSame<XType, UIntType>::Value, int> = 0>
-  explicit FPBits(XType x) : integer(x) {}
+  explicit FPBits(XType x) {
+    encoding.setValue(x);
+  }
 
   operator long double() { return val; }
 
@@ -71,37 +115,37 @@
         (UIntType(1) << (sizeof(long double) * 8 -
                          Padding<sizeof(uintptr_t)>::value)) -
         1;
-    return integer & mask;
+    return encoding.getValue() & mask;
   }
 
   int getExponent() const {
-    if (encoding.exponent == 0)
+    if (encoding.getExponent() == 0)
       return int(1) - exponentBias;
-    return int(encoding.exponent) - exponentBias;
+    return int(encoding.getExponent()) - exponentBias;
   }
 
   bool isZero() const {
-    return encoding.exponent == 0 && encoding.mantissa == 0 &&
-           encoding.implicitBit == 0;
+    return encoding.getExponent() == 0 && encoding.getMantissa() == 0 &&
+           encoding.getImplicitBit() == 0;
   }
 
   bool isInf() const {
-    return encoding.exponent == maxExponent && encoding.mantissa == 0 &&
-           encoding.implicitBit == 1;
+    return encoding.getExponent() == maxExponent &&
+           encoding.getMantissa() == 0 && encoding.getImplicitBit() == 1;
   }
 
   bool isNaN() const {
-    if (encoding.exponent == maxExponent) {
-      return (encoding.implicitBit == 0) || encoding.mantissa != 0;
-    } else if (encoding.exponent != 0) {
-      return encoding.implicitBit == 0;
+    if (encoding.getExponent() == maxExponent) {
+      return (encoding.getImplicitBit() == 0) || encoding.getMantissa() != 0;
+    } else if (encoding.getExponent() != 0) {
+      return encoding.getImplicitBit() == 0;
     }
     return false;
   }
 
   bool isInfOrNaN() const {
-    return (encoding.exponent == maxExponent) ||
-           (encoding.exponent != 0 && encoding.implicitBit == 0);
+    return (encoding.getExponent() == maxExponent) ||
+           (encoding.getExponent() != 0 && encoding.getImplicitBit() == 0);
   }
 
   // Methods below this are used by tests.
@@ -110,30 +154,30 @@
 
   static FPBits<long double> negZero() {
     FPBits<long double> bits(0.0l);
-    bits.encoding.sign = 1;
+    bits.encoding.setSign(1);
     return bits;
   }
 
   static FPBits<long double> inf() {
     FPBits<long double> bits(0.0l);
-    bits.encoding.exponent = maxExponent;
-    bits.encoding.implicitBit = 1;
+    bits.encoding.setExponent(maxExponent);
+    bits.encoding.setImplicitBit(1);
     return bits;
   }
 
   static FPBits<long double> negInf() {
     FPBits<long double> bits(0.0l);
-    bits.encoding.exponent = maxExponent;
-    bits.encoding.implicitBit = 1;
-    bits.encoding.sign = 1;
+    bits.encoding.setExponent(maxExponent);
+    bits.encoding.setImplicitBit(1);
+    bits.encoding.setSign(1);
     return bits;
   }
 
   static long double buildNaN(UIntType v) {
     FPBits<long double> bits(0.0l);
-    bits.encoding.exponent = maxExponent;
-    bits.encoding.implicitBit = 1;
-    bits.encoding.mantissa = v;
+    bits.encoding.setExponent(maxExponent);
+    bits.encoding.setImplicitBit(1);
+    bits.encoding.setMantissa(v);
     return bits;
   }
 };
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/ManipulationFunctions.h b/libc/utils/FPUtil/ManipulationFunctions.h
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/ManipulationFunctions.h
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/ManipulationFunctions.h
@@ -48,14 +48,15 @@
     return x;
   } else if (bits.isInf()) {
     iptr = x;
-    return bits.encoding.sign ? T(FPBits<T>::negZero()) : T(FPBits<T>::zero());
+    return bits.encoding.getSign() ? T(FPBits<T>::negZero())
+                                   : T(FPBits<T>::zero());
   } else {
     iptr = trunc(x);
     if (x == iptr) {
       // If x is already an integer value, then return zero with the right
       // sign.
-      return bits.encoding.sign ? T(FPBits<T>::negZero())
-                                : T(FPBits<T>::zero());
+      return bits.encoding.getSign() ? T(FPBits<T>::negZero())
+                                     : T(FPBits<T>::zero());
     } else {
       return x - iptr;
     }
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@
           cpp::EnableIfType<cpp::IsFloatingPointType<T>::Value, int> = 0>
 static inline T copysign(T x, T y) {
   FPBits<T> xbits(x);
-  xbits.encoding.sign = FPBits<T>(y).encoding.sign;
+  xbits.encoding.setSign(FPBits<T>(y).encoding.getSign());
   return T(xbits);
 }
 
@@ -133,11 +134,13 @@
   // calculating the limit.
   int expLimit = FPBits<T>::maxExponent + MantissaWidth<T>::value + 1;
   if (exp > expLimit)
-    return bits.encoding.sign ? T(FPBits<T>::negInf()) : T(FPBits<T>::inf());
+    return bits.encoding.getSign() ? T(FPBits<T>::negInf())
+                                   : T(FPBits<T>::inf());
 
   // Similarly on the negative side we return zero early if |exp| is too small.
   if (exp < -expLimit)
-    return bits.encoding.sign ? T(FPBits<T>::negZero()) : T(FPBits<T>::zero());
+    return bits.encoding.getSign() ? T(FPBits<T>::negZero())
+                                   : T(FPBits<T>::zero());
 
   // For all other values, NormalFloat to T conversion handles it the right way.
   NormalFloat<T> normal(bits);
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/NearestIntegerOperations.h b/libc/utils/FPUtil/NearestIntegerOperations.h
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/NearestIntegerOperations.h
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/NearestIntegerOperations.h
@@ -43,14 +43,15 @@
 
   // If the exponent is such that abs(x) is less than 1, then return 0.
   if (exponent <= -1) {
-    if (bits.encoding.sign)
+    if (bits.encoding.getSign())
       return T(-0.0);
     else
       return T(0.0);
   }
 
   int trimSize = MantissaWidth<T>::value - exponent;
-  bits.encoding.mantissa = (bits.encoding.mantissa >> trimSize) << trimSize;
+  bits.encoding.setMantissa((bits.encoding.getMantissa() >> trimSize)
+                            << trimSize);
   return T(bits);
 }
 
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@
   if (bits.isInfOrNaN() || bits.isZero())
     return x;
 
-  bool isNeg = bits.encoding.sign;
+  bool isNeg = bits.encoding.getSign();
   int exponent = bits.getExponent();
 
   // If the exponent is greater than the most negative mantissa
@@ -79,7 +80,8 @@
   }
 
   uint32_t trimSize = MantissaWidth<T>::value - exponent;
-  bits.encoding.mantissa = (bits.encoding.mantissa >> trimSize) << trimSize;
+  bits.encoding.setMantissa((bits.encoding.getMantissa() >> trimSize)
+                            << trimSize);
   T truncValue = T(bits);
 
   // If x is already an integer, return it.
@@ -97,7 +99,7 @@
           cpp::EnableIfType<cpp::IsFloatingPointType<T>::Value, int> = 0>
 static inline T floor(T x) {
   FPBits<T> bits(x);
-  if (bits.encoding.sign) {
+  if (bits.encoding.getSign()) {
     return -ceil(-x);
   } else {
     return trunc(x);
@@ -114,7 +116,7 @@
   if (bits.isInfOrNaN() || bits.isZero())
     return x;
 
-  bool isNeg = bits.encoding.sign;
+  bool isNeg = bits.encoding.getSign();
   int exponent = bits.getExponent();
 
   // If the exponent is greater than the most negative mantissa
@@ -139,8 +141,10 @@
   }
 
   uint32_t trimSize = MantissaWidth<T>::value - exponent;
-  bool halfBitSet = bits.encoding.mantissa & (UIntType(1) << (trimSize - 1));
-  bits.encoding.mantissa = (bits.encoding.mantissa >> trimSize) << trimSize;
+  bool halfBitSet =
+      bits.encoding.getMantissa() & (UIntType(1) << (trimSize - 1));
+  bits.encoding.setMantissa((bits.encoding.getMantissa() >> trimSize)
+                            << trimSize);
   T truncValue = T(bits);
 
   // If x is already an integer, return it.
@@ -166,7 +170,7 @@
   if (bits.isInfOrNaN() || bits.isZero())
     return x;
 
-  bool isNeg = bits.encoding.sign;
+  bool isNeg = bits.encoding.getSign();
   int exponent = bits.getExponent();
   int roundingMode = getRound();
 
@@ -184,7 +188,7 @@
     case FE_TOWARDZERO:
       return isNeg ? T(-0.0) : T(0.0);
     case FE_TONEAREST:
-      if (exponent <= -2 || bits.encoding.mantissa == 0)
+      if (exponent <= -2 || bits.encoding.getMantissa() == 0)
         return isNeg ? T(-0.0) : T(0.0); // abs(x) <= 0.5
       else
         return isNeg ? T(-1.0) : T(1.0); // abs(x) > 0.5
@@ -195,19 +199,22 @@
 
   uint32_t trimSize = MantissaWidth<T>::value - exponent;
   FPBits<T> newBits = bits;
-  newBits.encoding.mantissa = (bits.encoding.mantissa >> trimSize) << trimSize;
+  newBits.encoding.setMantissa((bits.encoding.getMantissa() >> trimSize)
+                               << trimSize);
   T truncValue = T(newBits);
 
   // If x is already an integer, return it.
   if (truncValue == x)
     return x;
 
-  UIntType trimValue = bits.encoding.mantissa & ((UIntType(1) << trimSize) - 1);
+  UIntType trimValue =
+      bits.encoding.getMantissa() & ((UIntType(1) << trimSize) - 1);
   UIntType halfValue = (UIntType(1) << (trimSize - 1));
   // If exponent is 0, trimSize will be equal to the mantissa width, and
   // truncIsOdd` will not be correct. So, we handle it as a special case
   // below.
-  UIntType truncIsOdd = newBits.encoding.mantissa & (UIntType(1) << trimSize);
+  UIntType truncIsOdd =
+      newBits.encoding.getMantissa() & (UIntType(1) << trimSize);
 
   switch (roundingMode) {
   case FE_DOWNWARD:
@@ -255,18 +262,18 @@
 
   if (bits.isInfOrNaN()) {
     setDomainErrorAndRaiseInvalid();
-    return bits.encoding.sign ? IntegerMin : IntegerMax;
+    return bits.encoding.getSign() ? IntegerMin : IntegerMax;
   }
 
   int exponent = bits.getExponent();
   constexpr int exponentLimit = sizeof(I) * 8 - 1;
   if (exponent > exponentLimit) {
     setDomainErrorAndRaiseInvalid();
-    return bits.encoding.sign ? IntegerMin : IntegerMax;
+    return bits.encoding.getSign() ? IntegerMin : IntegerMax;
   } else if (exponent == exponentLimit) {
-    if (bits.encoding.sign == 0 || bits.encoding.mantissa != 0) {
+    if (bits.encoding.getSign() == 0 || bits.encoding.getMantissa() != 0) {
       setDomainErrorAndRaiseInvalid();
-      return bits.encoding.sign ? IntegerMin : IntegerMax;
+      return bits.encoding.getSign() ? IntegerMin : IntegerMax;
     }
     // If the control reaches here, then it means that the rounded
     // value is the most negative number for the signed integer type I.
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/NextAfterLongDoubleX86.h b/libc/utils/FPUtil/NextAfterLongDoubleX86.h
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/NextAfterLongDoubleX86.h
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/NextAfterLongDoubleX86.h
@@ -30,8 +30,9 @@
     return to;
 
   // Convert pseudo subnormal number to normal number.
-  if (fromBits.encoding.implicitBit == 1 && fromBits.encoding.exponent == 0) {
-    fromBits.encoding.exponent = 1;
+  if (fromBits.encoding.getImplicitBit() == 1 &&
+      fromBits.encoding.getExponent() == 0) {
+    fromBits.encoding.setExponent(1);
   }
 
   using UIntType = FPBits::UIntType;
@@ -46,11 +47,11 @@
         // dealing with the implicit bit.
         intVal = signVal + FPBits::minNormal;
       } else if ((intVal & mantissaMask) == mantissaMask) {
-        fromBits.encoding.mantissa = 0;
+        fromBits.encoding.setMantissa(0);
         // Incrementing exponent might overflow the value to infinity,
         // which is what is expected. Since NaNs are handling separately,
         // it will never overflow "beyond" infinity.
-        ++fromBits.encoding.exponent;
+        fromBits.encoding.setExponent(fromBits.encoding.getExponent() + 1);
         return fromBits;
       } else {
         ++intVal;
@@ -61,10 +62,10 @@
         // dealing with the implicit bit.
         intVal = signVal + FPBits::maxSubnormal;
       } else if ((intVal & mantissaMask) == 0) {
-        fromBits.encoding.mantissa = mantissaMask;
+        fromBits.encoding.setMantissa(mantissaMask);
         // from == 0 is handled separately so decrementing the exponent will not
         // lead to underflow.
-        --fromBits.encoding.exponent;
+        fromBits.encoding.setExponent(fromBits.encoding.getExponent() - 1);
         return fromBits;
       } else {
         --intVal;
@@ -80,10 +81,10 @@
       if (intVal == FPBits::minNormal) {
         intVal = FPBits::maxSubnormal;
       } else if ((intVal & mantissaMask) == 0) {
-        fromBits.encoding.mantissa = mantissaMask;
+        fromBits.encoding.setMantissa(mantissaMask);
         // from == 0 is handled separately so decrementing the exponent will not
         // lead to underflow.
-        --fromBits.encoding.exponent;
+        fromBits.encoding.setExponent(fromBits.encoding.getExponent() - 1);
         return fromBits;
       } else {
         --intVal;
@@ -92,11 +93,11 @@
       if (intVal == FPBits::maxSubnormal) {
         intVal = FPBits::minNormal;
       } else if ((intVal & mantissaMask) == mantissaMask) {
-        fromBits.encoding.mantissa = 0;
+        fromBits.encoding.setMantissa(0);
         // Incrementing exponent might overflow the value to infinity,
         // which is what is expected. Since NaNs are handling separately,
         // it will never overflow "beyond" infinity.
-        ++fromBits.encoding.exponent;
+        fromBits.encoding.setExponent(fromBits.encoding.getExponent() + 1);
         return fromBits;
       } else {
         ++intVal;
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/NormalFloat.h b/libc/utils/FPUtil/NormalFloat.h
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/NormalFloat.h
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/NormalFloat.h
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
     }
 
     FPBits<T> result(T(0.0));
-    result.encoding.sign = sign;
+    result.encoding.setSign(sign);
 
     constexpr int subnormalExponent = -FPBits<T>::exponentBias + 1;
     if (exponent < subnormalExponent) {
@@ -110,36 +110,36 @@
         const UIntType shiftOutMask = (UIntType(1) << shift) - 1;
         const UIntType shiftOutValue = mantissa & shiftOutMask;
         const UIntType halfwayValue = UIntType(1) << (shift - 1);
-        result.encoding.exponent = 0;
-        result.encoding.mantissa = mantissa >> shift;
-        UIntType newMantissa = result.encoding.mantissa;
+        result.encoding.setExponent(0);
+        result.encoding.setMantissa(mantissa >> shift);
+        UIntType newMantissa = result.encoding.getMantissa();
         if (shiftOutValue > halfwayValue) {
           newMantissa += 1;
         } else if (shiftOutValue == halfwayValue) {
           // Round to even.
-          if (result.encoding.mantissa & 0x1)
+          if (result.encoding.getMantissa() & 0x1)
             newMantissa += 1;
         }
-        result.encoding.mantissa = newMantissa;
+        result.encoding.setMantissa(newMantissa);
         // Adding 1 to mantissa can lead to overflow. This can only happen if
         // mantissa was all ones (0b111..11). For such a case, we will carry
         // the overflow into the exponent.
         if (newMantissa == one)
-          result.encoding.exponent = 1;
+          result.encoding.setExponent(1);
         return T(result);
       } else {
         return T(result);
       }
     }
 
-    result.encoding.exponent = exponent + FPBits<T>::exponentBias;
-    result.encoding.mantissa = mantissa;
+    result.encoding.setExponent(exponent + FPBits<T>::exponentBias);
+    result.encoding.setMantissa(mantissa);
     return T(result);
   }
 
 private:
   void initFromBits(FPBits<T> bits) {
-    sign = bits.encoding.sign;
+    sign = bits.encoding.getSign();
 
     if (bits.isInfOrNaN() || bits.isZero()) {
       // Ignore special bit patterns. Implementations deal with them separately
@@ -150,13 +150,13 @@
     }
 
     // Normalize subnormal numbers.
-    if (bits.encoding.exponent == 0) {
-      unsigned shift = evaluateNormalizationShift(bits.encoding.mantissa);
-      mantissa = UIntType(bits.encoding.mantissa) << shift;
+    if (bits.encoding.getExponent() == 0) {
+      unsigned shift = evaluateNormalizationShift(bits.encoding.getMantissa());
+      mantissa = UIntType(bits.encoding.getMantissa()) << shift;
       exponent = 1 - FPBits<T>::exponentBias - shift;
     } else {
-      exponent = bits.encoding.exponent - FPBits<T>::exponentBias;
-      mantissa = one | bits.encoding.mantissa;
+      exponent = bits.encoding.getExponent() - FPBits<T>::exponentBias;
+      mantissa = one | bits.encoding.getMantissa();
     }
   }
 
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
 #ifdef SPECIAL_X86_LONG_DOUBLE
 template <>
 inline void NormalFloat<long double>::initFromBits(FPBits<long double> bits) {
-  sign = bits.encoding.sign;
+  sign = bits.encoding.getSign();
 
   if (bits.isInfOrNaN() || bits.isZero()) {
     // Ignore special bit patterns. Implementations deal with them separately
@@ -182,25 +182,25 @@
     return;
   }
 
-  if (bits.encoding.exponent == 0) {
-    if (bits.encoding.implicitBit == 0) {
+  if (bits.encoding.getExponent() == 0) {
+    if (bits.encoding.getImplicitBit() == 0) {
       // Since we ignore zero value, the mantissa in this case is non-zero.
       int normalizationShift =
-          evaluateNormalizationShift(bits.encoding.mantissa);
+          evaluateNormalizationShift(bits.encoding.getMantissa());
       exponent = -16382 - normalizationShift;
-      mantissa = (bits.encoding.mantissa << normalizationShift);
+      mantissa = (bits.encoding.getMantissa() << normalizationShift);
     } else {
       exponent = -16382;
-      mantissa = one | bits.encoding.mantissa;
+      mantissa = one | bits.encoding.getMantissa();
     }
   } else {
-    if (bits.encoding.implicitBit == 0) {
+    if (bits.encoding.getImplicitBit() == 0) {
       // Invalid number so just store 0 similar to a NaN.
       exponent = 0;
       mantissa = 0;
     } else {
-      exponent = bits.encoding.exponent - 16383;
-      mantissa = one | bits.encoding.mantissa;
+      exponent = bits.encoding.getExponent() - 16383;
+      mantissa = one | bits.encoding.getMantissa();
     }
   }
 }
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@
   }
 
   FPBits<long double> result(0.0l);
-  result.encoding.sign = sign;
+  result.encoding.setSign(sign);
 
   constexpr int subnormalExponent = -FPBits<long double>::exponentBias + 1;
   if (exponent < subnormalExponent) {
@@ -225,25 +225,25 @@
       const UIntType shiftOutMask = (UIntType(1) << shift) - 1;
       const UIntType shiftOutValue = mantissa & shiftOutMask;
       const UIntType halfwayValue = UIntType(1) << (shift - 1);
-      result.encoding.exponent = 0;
-      result.encoding.mantissa = mantissa >> shift;
-      UIntType newMantissa = result.encoding.mantissa;
+      result.encoding.setExponent(0);
+      result.encoding.setMantissa(mantissa >> shift);
+      UIntType newMantissa = result.encoding.getMantissa();
       if (shiftOutValue > halfwayValue) {
         newMantissa += 1;
       } else if (shiftOutValue == halfwayValue) {
         // Round to even.
-        if (result.encoding.mantissa & 0x1)
+        if (result.encoding.getMantissa() & 0x1)
           newMantissa += 1;
       }
-      result.encoding.mantissa = newMantissa;
+      result.encoding.setMantissa(newMantissa);
       // Adding 1 to mantissa can lead to overflow. This can only happen if
       // mantissa was all ones (0b111..11). For such a case, we will carry
       // the overflow into the exponent and set the implicit bit to 1.
       if (newMantissa == one) {
-        result.encoding.exponent = 1;
-        result.encoding.implicitBit = 1;
+        result.encoding.setExponent(1);
+        result.encoding.setImplicitBit(1);
       } else {
-        result.encoding.implicitBit = 0;
+        result.encoding.setImplicitBit(0);
       }
       return static_cast<long double>(result);
     } else {
@@ -251,9 +251,9 @@
     }
   }
 
-  result.encoding.exponent = biasedExponent;
-  result.encoding.mantissa = mantissa;
-  result.encoding.implicitBit = 1;
+  result.encoding.setExponent(biasedExponent);
+  result.encoding.setMantissa(mantissa);
+  result.encoding.setImplicitBit(1);
   return static_cast<long double>(result);
 }
 #endif // SPECIAL_X86_LONG_DOUBLE
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/Sqrt.h b/libc/utils/FPUtil/Sqrt.h
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/Sqrt.h
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/Sqrt.h
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
   FPBits<T> bits(x);
 
   if (bits.isInfOrNaN()) {
-    if (bits.encoding.sign && (bits.encoding.mantissa == 0)) {
+    if (bits.encoding.getSign() && (bits.encoding.getMantissa() == 0)) {
       // sqrt(-Inf) = NaN
       return FPBits<T>::buildNaN(One >> 1);
     } else {
@@ -114,15 +114,15 @@
     // sqrt(+0) = +0
     // sqrt(-0) = -0
     return x;
-  } else if (bits.encoding.sign) {
+  } else if (bits.encoding.getSign()) {
     // sqrt( negative numbers ) = NaN
     return FPBits<T>::buildNaN(One >> 1);
   } else {
     int xExp = bits.getExponent();
-    UIntType xMant = bits.encoding.mantissa;
+    UIntType xMant = bits.encoding.getMantissa();
 
     // Step 1a: Normalize denormal input and append hiddent bit to the mantissa
-    if (bits.encoding.exponent == 0) {
+    if (bits.encoding.getExponent() == 0) {
       ++xExp; // let xExp be the correct exponent of One bit.
       internal::normalize<T>(xExp, xMant);
     } else {
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/SqrtLongDoubleX86.h b/libc/utils/FPUtil/SqrtLongDoubleX86.h
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/SqrtLongDoubleX86.h
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/SqrtLongDoubleX86.h
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
   FPBits<long double> bits(x);
 
   if (bits.isInfOrNaN()) {
-    if (bits.encoding.sign && (bits.encoding.mantissa == 0)) {
+    if (bits.encoding.getSign() && (bits.encoding.getMantissa() == 0)) {
       // sqrt(-Inf) = NaN
       return FPBits<long double>::buildNaN(One >> 1);
     } else {
@@ -62,17 +62,17 @@
     // sqrt(+0) = +0
     // sqrt(-0) = -0
     return x;
-  } else if (bits.encoding.sign) {
+  } else if (bits.encoding.getSign()) {
     // sqrt( negative numbers ) = NaN
     return FPBits<long double>::buildNaN(One >> 1);
   } else {
     int xExp = bits.getExponent();
-    UIntType xMant = bits.encoding.mantissa;
+    UIntType xMant = bits.encoding.getMantissa();
 
     // Step 1a: Normalize denormal input
-    if (bits.encoding.implicitBit) {
+    if (bits.encoding.getImplicitBit()) {
       xMant |= One;
-    } else if (bits.encoding.exponent == 0) {
+    } else if (bits.encoding.getExponent() == 0) {
       internal::normalize<long double>(xExp, xMant);
     }
 
@@ -128,9 +128,9 @@
 
     // Extract output
     FPBits<long double> out(0.0L);
-    out.encoding.exponent = xExp;
-    out.encoding.implicitBit = 1;
-    out.encoding.mantissa = (y & (One - 1));
+    out.encoding.setExponent(xExp);
+    out.encoding.setImplicitBit(1);
+    out.encoding.setMantissa((y & (One - 1)));
 
     return out;
   }
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/TestHelpers.cpp b/libc/utils/FPUtil/TestHelpers.cpp
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/TestHelpers.cpp
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/TestHelpers.cpp
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
   if (bits.isNaN()) {
     stream << "(NaN)";
   } else if (bits.isInf()) {
-    if (bits.encoding.sign)
+    if (bits.encoding.getSign())
       stream << "(-Infinity)";
     else
       stream << "(+Infinity)";
@@ -50,13 +50,14 @@
     constexpr int mantissaWidthInHex =
         (fputil::MantissaWidth<ValType>::value - 1) / 4 + 1;
 
-    stream << "Sign: " << (bits.encoding.sign ? '1' : '0') << ", "
+    stream << "Sign: " << (bits.encoding.getSign() ? '1' : '0') << ", "
            << "Exponent: 0x"
-           << uintToHex<uint16_t>(bits.encoding.exponent, exponentWidthInHex)
+           << uintToHex<uint16_t>(bits.encoding.getExponent(),
+                                  exponentWidthInHex)
            << ", "
            << "Mantissa: 0x"
            << uintToHex<typename fputil::FPBits<ValType>::UIntType>(
-                  bits.encoding.mantissa, mantissaWidthInHex);
+                  bits.encoding.getMantissa(), mantissaWidthInHex);
   }
 
   stream << '\n';
diff --git a/libc/utils/FPUtil/generic/FMA.h b/libc/utils/FPUtil/generic/FMA.h
--- a/libc/utils/FPUtil/generic/FMA.h
+++ b/libc/utils/FPUtil/generic/FMA.h
@@ -47,17 +47,18 @@
     // bit of sum, so that the sticky bits used when rounding sum to float are
     // correct (when it matters).
     fputil::FPBits<double> t(
-        (bit_prod.encoding.exponent >= bitz.encoding.exponent)
+        (bit_prod.encoding.getExponent() >= bitz.encoding.getExponent())
             ? ((double(bit_sum) - double(bit_prod)) - double(bitz))
             : ((double(bit_sum) - double(bitz)) - double(bit_prod)));
 
     // Update sticky bits if t != 0.0 and the least (52 - 23 - 1 = 28) bits are
     // zero.
-    if (!t.isZero() && ((bit_sum.encoding.mantissa & 0xfff'ffffULL) == 0)) {
-      if (bit_sum.encoding.sign != t.encoding.sign) {
-        ++bit_sum.encoding.mantissa;
-      } else if (bit_sum.encoding.mantissa) {
-        --bit_sum.encoding.mantissa;
+    if (!t.isZero() &&
+        ((bit_sum.encoding.getMantissa() & 0xfff'ffffULL) == 0)) {
+      if (bit_sum.encoding.getSign() != t.encoding.getSign()) {
+        bit_sum.encoding.setMantissa(bit_sum.encoding.getMantissa() + 1);
+      } else if (bit_sum.encoding.getMantissa()) {
+        bit_sum.encoding.setMantissa(bit_sum.encoding.getMantissa() - 1);
       }
     }
   }