diff --git a/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst b/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
--- a/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
+++ b/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
@@ -216,6 +216,10 @@
 - Support for Whitesmiths has been improved, with fixes for ``namespace`` blocks
   and ``case`` blocks and labels.
 
+- Checks for newlines in option ``EmptyLineBeforeAccessModifier`` are now based
+  on the formatted new lines and not on the new lines in the file. (Fixes
+  https://llvm.org/PR41870.)
+
 libclang
 --------
 
diff --git a/clang/lib/Format/UnwrappedLineFormatter.cpp b/clang/lib/Format/UnwrappedLineFormatter.cpp
--- a/clang/lib/Format/UnwrappedLineFormatter.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Format/UnwrappedLineFormatter.cpp
@@ -1254,15 +1254,14 @@
   if (PreviousLine && RootToken.isAccessSpecifier()) {
     switch (Style.EmptyLineBeforeAccessModifier) {
     case FormatStyle::ELBAMS_Never:
-      if (RootToken.NewlinesBefore > 1)
+      if (Newlines > 1)
         Newlines = 1;
       break;
     case FormatStyle::ELBAMS_Leave:
       Newlines = std::max(RootToken.NewlinesBefore, 1u);
       break;
     case FormatStyle::ELBAMS_LogicalBlock:
-      if (PreviousLine->Last->isOneOf(tok::semi, tok::r_brace) &&
-          RootToken.NewlinesBefore <= 1)
+      if (PreviousLine->Last->isOneOf(tok::semi, tok::r_brace) && Newlines <= 1)
         Newlines = 2;
       break;
     case FormatStyle::ELBAMS_Always: {
@@ -1271,8 +1270,7 @@
         previousToken = PreviousLine->Last->getPreviousNonComment();
       else
         previousToken = PreviousLine->Last;
-      if ((!previousToken || !previousToken->is(tok::l_brace)) &&
-          RootToken.NewlinesBefore <= 1)
+      if ((!previousToken || !previousToken->is(tok::l_brace)) && Newlines <= 1)
         Newlines = 2;
     } break;
     }
diff --git a/clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp b/clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp
--- a/clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp
+++ b/clang/unittests/Format/FormatTest.cpp
@@ -9177,6 +9177,47 @@
                "  int j;\n"
                "};\n",
                Style);
+
+  FormatStyle NoEmptyLines = getLLVMStyle();
+  NoEmptyLines.MaxEmptyLinesToKeep = 0;
+  verifyFormat("struct foo {\n"
+               "private:\n"
+               "  void f() {}\n"
+               "\n"
+               "private:\n"
+               "  int i;\n"
+               "\n"
+               "public:\n"
+               "protected:\n"
+               "  int j;\n"
+               "};\n",
+               NoEmptyLines);
+
+  NoEmptyLines.EmptyLineBeforeAccessModifier = FormatStyle::ELBAMS_Never;
+  verifyFormat("struct foo {\n"
+               "private:\n"
+               "  void f() {}\n"
+               "private:\n"
+               "  int i;\n"
+               "public:\n"
+               "protected:\n"
+               "  int j;\n"
+               "};\n",
+               NoEmptyLines);
+
+  NoEmptyLines.EmptyLineBeforeAccessModifier = FormatStyle::ELBAMS_Always;
+  verifyFormat("struct foo {\n"
+               "private:\n"
+               "  void f() {}\n"
+               "\n"
+               "private:\n"
+               "  int i;\n"
+               "\n"
+               "public:\n"
+               "protected:\n"
+               "  int j;\n"
+               "};\n",
+               NoEmptyLines);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FormatTest, FormatsArrays) {