Index: include/llvm/Target/TargetLowering.h
===================================================================
--- include/llvm/Target/TargetLowering.h
+++ include/llvm/Target/TargetLowering.h
@@ -1172,6 +1172,11 @@
     return nullptr;
   }
 
+  /// Returns true if the platform's atomic operations are sign extended.
+  virtual bool hasSignExtendedAtomicOps() const {
+    return false;
+  }
+
   /// Returns true if we should normalize
   /// select(N0&N1, X, Y) => select(N0, select(N1, X, Y), Y) and
   /// select(N0|N1, X, Y) => select(N0, select(N1, X, Y, Y)) if it is likely
Index: lib/CodeGen/SelectionDAG/LegalizeDAG.cpp
===================================================================
--- lib/CodeGen/SelectionDAG/LegalizeDAG.cpp
+++ lib/CodeGen/SelectionDAG/LegalizeDAG.cpp
@@ -3115,10 +3115,25 @@
         cast<AtomicSDNode>(Node)->getFailureOrdering(),
         cast<AtomicSDNode>(Node)->getSynchScope());
 
-    SDValue Success = DAG.getSetCC(SDLoc(Node), Node->getValueType(1),
-                                   Res, Node->getOperand(2), ISD::SETEQ);
+    SDValue LHS = Res;
+    SDValue RHS = Node->getOperand(1);
+
+    EVT AtomicType = cast<AtomicSDNode>(Node)->getMemoryVT();
+    EVT OuterType = Node->getValueType(0);
+    if (TLI.hasSignExtendedAtomicOps()) {
+      LHS = DAG.getNode(ISD::AssertSext, dl, OuterType, Res,
+                        DAG.getValueType(AtomicType));
+      RHS = DAG.getNode(ISD::SIGN_EXTEND_INREG, dl, OuterType,
+                        Node->getOperand(2), DAG.getValueType(AtomicType));
+    } else {
+      LHS = DAG.getNode(ISD::AssertZext, dl, OuterType, Res, DAG.getValueType(AtomicType));
+      RHS = DAG.getNode(ISD::ZERO_EXTEND, dl, OuterType, Node->getOperand(2));
+    }
+
+    SDValue Success =
+        DAG.getSetCC(dl, Node->getValueType(1), LHS, RHS, ISD::SETEQ);
 
-    Results.push_back(Res.getValue(0));
+    Results.push_back(LHS.getValue(0));
     Results.push_back(Success);
     Results.push_back(Res.getValue(1));
     break;
Index: lib/Target/Mips/MipsISelLowering.h
===================================================================
--- lib/Target/Mips/MipsISelLowering.h
+++ lib/Target/Mips/MipsISelLowering.h
@@ -238,6 +238,10 @@
     bool isCheapToSpeculateCttz() const override;
     bool isCheapToSpeculateCtlz() const override;
 
+    bool hasSignExtendedAtomicOps() const override {
+      return true;
+    }
+
     void LowerOperationWrapper(SDNode *N,
                                SmallVectorImpl<SDValue> &Results,
                                SelectionDAG &DAG) const override;
Index: test/CodeGen/Mips/atomic.ll
===================================================================
--- test/CodeGen/Mips/atomic.ll
+++ test/CodeGen/Mips/atomic.ll
@@ -357,10 +357,17 @@
 ; NO-SEB-SEH:    sll     $[[R18:[0-9]+]], $[[R17]], 24
 ; NO-SEB-SEH:    sra     $[[R19:[0-9]+]], $[[R18]], 24
 
+; FIXME: -march=mips produces a redundant sign extension here...
+; NO-SEB-SEH:    sll     $[[R20:[0-9]+]], $5, 24
+; NO-SEB-SEH:    sra     $[[R20]], $[[R20]], 24
+
 ; HAS-SEB-SEH:   seb     $[[R19:[0-9]+]], $[[R17]]
 
-; ALL:           xor     $[[R20:[0-9]+]], $[[R19]], $5
-; ALL:           sltiu   $2, $[[R20]], 1
+; FIXME: ...Leading to this split check.
+; NO-SEB-SEH:    xor     $[[R21:[0-9]+]], $[[R19]], $[[R20]]
+; HAS-SEB-SEH:   xor     $[[R21:[0-9]+]], $[[R19]], $5
+
+; ALL: sltiu   $2, $[[R21]], 1
 }
 
 ; Check one i16 so that we cover the seh sign extend
@@ -407,6 +414,49 @@
 ; MIPS32R2:      seh     $2, $[[R16]]
 }
 
+; Test that the i16 return value from cmpxchg is recognised as signed,
+; so that setCC doesn't end up comparing an unsigned value to a signed
+; value.
+; The rest of the functions here are testing the atomic expansion, so
+; we just match the end of the function.
+define {i16, i1} @foo(i16* %addr, i16 %l, i16 %r, i16 %new) {
+  %desired = add i16 %l, %r
+  %res = cmpxchg i16* %addr, i16 %desired, i16 %new seq_cst seq_cst
+  ret {i16, i1} %res
+
+; ALL-LABEL: foo
+; MIPSR6:        addu    $[[R2:[0-9]+]], $[[R1:[0-9]+]], $[[R0:[0-9]+]]
+; NOT-MICROMIPS: addu    $[[R2:[0-9]+]], $[[R1:[0-9]+]], $[[R0:[0-9]+]]
+; MICROMIPS:     addu16  $[[R2:[0-9]+]], $[[R1:[0-9]+]], $[[R0:[0-9]+]]
+
+; ALL:           sync
+
+; ALL:           andi    $[[R3:[0-9]+]], $[[R2]], 65535
+; ALL:       $[[BB0:[A-Z_0-9]+]]:
+; ALL:           ll      $[[R4:[0-9]+]], 0($[[R5:[0-9]+]])
+; ALL:           and     $[[R6:[0-9]+]], $[[R4]], $
+; ALL:           and     $[[R7:[0-9]+]], $[[R4]], $
+; ALL:           or      $[[R8:[0-9]+]], $[[R7]], $
+; ALL:           sc      $[[R8]], 0($[[R5]])
+; NOT-MICROMIPS: beqz    $[[R8]], $[[BB0]]
+; MICROMIPS:     beqzc   $[[R8]], $[[BB0]]
+; MIPSR6:        beqzc   $[[R8]], $[[BB0]]
+
+; ALL:           srlv    $[[R9:[0-9]+]], $[[R6]], $
+
+; NO-SEB-SEH:    sll     $[[R10:[0-9]+]], $[[R9]], 16
+; NO-SEB-SEH:    sra     $[[R11:[0-9]+]], $[[R10]], 16
+
+; NO-SEB-SEH:    sll     $[[R12:[0-9]+]], $[[R2]], 16
+; NO-SEB-SEH:    sra     $[[R13:[0-9]+]], $[[R12]], 16
+
+; HAS-SEB-SEH:   seh     $[[R11:[0-9]+]], $[[R9]]
+; HAS-SEB-SEH:   seh     $[[R13:[0-9]+]], $[[R2]]
+
+; ALL:           xor     $[[R12:[0-9]+]], $[[R11]], $[[R13]]
+; ALL:           sltiu   $3, $[[R12]], 1
+; ALL:           sync
+}
 
 @countsint = common global i32 0, align 4